湖北省2022高考英语 专项训练 阅读理解38

2022高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项50-38AStarvingpolarbearsareeatingoneanotherintheArctic.Flowersarebloomingtoosoonanddie.TheicecapsaremeltingsofastthatrisingwaterlevelswillthreatencoastaltownsalongFloridawithinseveraldecades.ThesearejustafewexamplesoftheseriousconsequencesofclimatechangesupportedbyanewanalysisinNature.Inthepastthreedecades,averageglobaltemperatureshaverisenabout1degreeFahrenheit(0.6degreeCelsius)andareprojectedtojumpbyabout3degreesF(1.7degreesC)bytheendofthecentury,saysstudyleadauthorCynthiaRosenzweig,whoheadstheClimateImpactsGroupatNASA'sGoddardInstituteforSpaceStudiesatColumbiaUniversityinNewYorkCity."We'vealreadyseenthatarelativelylowamountofwanning,"shesays,"canresultinabroadrangeofchanges."Theunnaturalwarmingcausedbyman-madegreenhousegases,especiallycarbondioxideproducedbycarsandcoal-poweredplants,bringstroubleforentireecosystems.InNorthAmericaalone,scientistshaveidentified89speciesofplants,suchastheAmericanhollythathavefloweredearlierinthespring.InSpain,appletreesbloom35daysaheadofscheduleinresponsetothehighertemperatures.Otherwildlife,liketheinsectsthatusecertainplantsforfoodandthebirdsthatfeedontheinsects,mustthenmoveforwardtheirseasonalstirrings(萌动)andmatingpatternstosurvive.Totrytofollowthistimeshift,somebirdssuchasrobins,theclassicsymbolofwinter'sthaw(解冻时期),arereturningtoColoradofromtheirmigrations(迁徙)sometwoweeksearlierthaninyearspast.Allthesechangescanthrowafoodchainindisorder.Somebirdspeciesthatarrivebeforetheinsectsreappearmaystarvetodeath."Aroundtheworld,plantsandanimalsarewakinguptoanearlieralarmclockthantheyusedto,"saysTerryRoot,abiologistfromStanfordUniversity.1.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlypresenttothereaders?A.ThesurvivalofpolarbearsintheArctic.B.TheterriblesituationforthecoastaltownalongFlorida.C.Abriefdescriptionofwhatawarmingworldwilllooklike.D.AnewanalysisofclimatechangeinNature.答案解析：答案为C。本题为段落大意题。细读第一段，先描述气候变化的几个严重后果的例子，最后进行概括总结，故答案为C。A，B选项都是后果之一，D选项不是第一段的重点。注意把握最后一句“Thesearejustafewexamplesoftheseriousconsequencesof…”,答案就不难选择。2.Accordingtothepassage,whathashappenedtoplantsasaresultofwarmingclimate?A.Manyspeciesofplantshavediedout.B.Someflowershaveappearedaheadoftime.C.Appletreeshaveproducedlessfruit.4\nD.Plantshaveprovidednofoodtobirds.答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节推理题。由第三段“InNorthAmericaalone,scientistshaveidentified89speciesofplants,suchastheAmericanhollythathavefloweredearlierinthespring.InSpain,appletreesbloom35daysaheadofschedule...”可知，花卉提前开放。故答案为B。3.Whatcanbelearntaboutrobinsfromthepassage?A.Theyaregoodattellingthedirection.B.Theycanpredictthechangeofweather.C.Theyusuallycomebackwhenspringcomes.D.Theyhavetomoveawayforcoolweather.答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节推理题。由倒数第二段“Totrytofollowthistimeshift,somebirdssuchasrobins,theclassicsymbolofwinter'sthaw,arereturningtoColoradofromtheirmigrationssometwoweeksearlierthaninyearspast.”可知，robin鸟是冬天解冻时期的象征，比往年要早两周回到Colorado，故可以推断，这些鸟在春天天气暖和后才回来，由于全球气温升高，他们可以早点回到Colorado。故答案为C。4．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.Man-madewarmingchangesnature’sclock.B.Globalwarmingisunavoidable.C.Bothplantsandanimalswillchange.D.Peopleneedtoadapttoclimatechange.答案解析：答案为A。本题为文章主旨大意题。结合全文内容，人类活动导致全球气温升高，造成了生态系统中动植物生物钟的紊乱，最后一段“Aroundtheworld,plantsandanimalsarewakinguptoanearlieralarmclockthantheyusedto,”再次点题。故答案为A。BArnoldfollowedEugiedowntheslope,stealing,ashisbrotherdid,fromonestockofwheattoanother.Eugiepausedbeforeclimbingthroughthewirefencethatdividedthewheatfieldfromthemarshypasture(牧场)aroundthelake.Theywerescreenedfromtheducksbythetreesalongthelake’sedge.“Ifyouhityourduck,youwantmetogoinafterit?”Eugiesaid.“Ifyouwant.”Arnoldsaid.Eugieloweredhiseyelids,“You’ddrownbeforeyougotit,thelegsofyoursaresoweak.”Hesaidcontemptuously(轻蔑地)。Heshoveledthetubunderthefenceand,pressingdownthecentrewire,climbedthroughintothepasture.Arnoldpresseddownthebottomwire,thrustalegthroughandleanedforwardtobringtheotherlegafter.Hisriflecaughtonthewireandhepulledatit.Theairwasrockedbythesoundoftheshot.Feelingfoolish,heliftedhisface,baringittoanexpectedshowerofdersision(嘲弄)fromhisbrother.ButEugiedidnotturnaround.Instead,fromhiscrouchingposition,hefellintohiskneesandthenpitchedforwardontohisface.Theducksroseupcryingfromthelake,clearedthemountain4\nbackgroundandbeatawaynorthwardacrossthepalesky.Amoldsquattedbesidehisbrother.Eugieseemedtobeclimbingtheearth,asiftheearthranupanddown,andwhenhefoundhecouldn’tscaleithelaystill.“Eugie?”ThenArnoldsawit,undertherollinghairatthebackoftheneck–-asolwrisingofbrightblood.Ithananunpleasantmovement,likethatofaparasite(寄生虫)。“Hey,Eugie,”hesaidagain.HewasfeelingthesamediscomforthehadfeltwhenhehadwatchedEugiesleeping;hisbrotherdidn’tknownthathewaslyingfacedowninthepasture.Againhesaid,“Hey,Eugie,”ananxiouspushinhisvoice.ButEugiewasasstillasthemorningaboutthem.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“screened”inpara1probablymean?A.SeparatedB.StoppedC.DraggedD.Hidden答案解析：答案为D。本题为词义推断题。结合前四段可知，Eugie和Arnold想去偷鸭子，可以推断，为了不被人发现，他们躲在隐蔽的地方，D选项“隐藏”最符合文意。A选项意为“分离”，B选项意为“阻止”，C选项意为“拖、拉”，均不符合文意。2.FromPara2toPara4,weknowthat.A.EugiealwayslaughedatArnold.B.EugiewouldhelpArnoldhittheducks.C.ArnoldbeggedEugietogoinaftertheducks.D.EugiewasworriedthatArnoldmightdrown答案解析：答案为A。本题为推理题。从Eugie的动作和语言“Eugieloweredhiseyelids,‘You’ddrownbeforeyougotit,thelegsofyoursaresoweak.’Hesaidcontemptuously.”可知，Eugie认为Arnold无法偷到鸭子，他可能会淹死，因为他的腿有问题。Eugie的语气轻蔑高傲，故可推断，Eugie总是嘲笑Arnold。故答案为A。3.WhydidEugieliestill?A.Arnoldshothimintentionally.B.Arnoldkilledhimaccidengtally.C.Hepretendedtobeunconscious.D.Hewasreadytoshootsomeducks.答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节推理题。结合第六段“...Hisriflecaughtonthewireandhepulledatit.Theairwasrockedbythesoundoftheshot.Feelingfoolish,heliftedhisface...”可知，Arnold的枪缠到了电线上，在他准备去拉枪的时候，空气被枪击的声音震动了，他觉得他真是笨；又及第七段“...Eugieseemedtobeclimbingtheearth,asiftheearthranupanddown,andwhenhefoundhecouldn’tscaleithelaystill.”可推知，Eugie的动作是中弹后的动作，他感到大地在摇晃，原来是Arnold无意中开枪击中了Eugie，他已经死去，静静地躺着。故答案为B。4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A.therelationshipbetweenArnoldandEugiewasnotsogood.B.ArnoldfollowedEugieapproachingthelaketostealducks.4\nC.theywerecrouchingforwardtostealthewheat.D.EugiewasalwaystakingcareofArnold.答案解析：答案为A。本题为推理题。结合第四段“Eugieloweredhiseyelids,‘You’ddrownbeforeyougotit,thelegsofyoursaresoweak.’Hesaidcontemptuously”和后文的第六段“Feelingfoolish,heliftedhisface,baringittoanexpectedshowerofdersisionfromhisbrother.”可知，Eugie总是嘲笑Arnold.他们的关系应该不好。故A选项正确。由第一段第一句话“ArnoldfollowedEugiedowntheslope...”可知，B选项是文章提到的细节，无需推理。由第二段Eugie说.“Ifyouhityourduck,youwantmetogoinafterit?”可推断，他们去偷鸭子，不是麦子。由前面的分析知，Eugie总是嘲笑Arnold，不会照顾Arnold。综合上述分析，B、C、D均不选。4