贵州省贵阳市2022高考英语一轮 课时作业(四) Unit4 Earthquakes 新人教版必修1

贵阳市2022高考英语（新人教版）一轮阅读训练（4）附答案课时作业(四)　[必修1　Unit4Earthquakes](限时：35分钟)完形填空Amandiedandwasonhiswaytoanother1,eithertheheavenorthehell.Hesawanextremely2palacehalfwayandtheownerofthepalace3himtostayandliveinthepalace.Themansaid,"Ihavebeenworking4duringmylifeandnowIjustwanttoeatandsleep5anywork."Theownerofthepalacesaid,"6,thereisnowhereelsebetterthanhereforyou.Thereisawealthof7inmypalaceandyoucaneatwhateveryouwantwithoutanyone8you.9,youcanrestassured(放心)that10needstobedonebyyou."Then,themansettleddowninthepalace.Atthebeginning,themanfeltvery11attherotation(轮流)ofeatingandsleeping.But12,hefeltabitlonelyandvoid.Sohewenttotheownerandgroaned,"Itisvery13tolivebyjusteatingandsleepingeveryday.NowIshowno14inthiskindoflifeanymore.Couldyouhelpmefinda15?"Theownerreplied,"16,thereisnojobhereatall."Afteranotherseveralmonths,themancouldnot17thepresentlifeandwenttotheowner18,"Ireallycouldnotstandthissortoflifeanymore.Ifyoudonotoffermeajob,Iwould19togotothehellinsteadoflivinghere."Theownerofthepalacesmiledcontemptuously(轻蔑地）,"DoyouthinkitisHeavenhere?Itis20thehell!"1．A．worldB．houseC．placeD．hospital2．A．summerB．fairy-taleC．royalD．splendid3．A．askedB．warnedC．forcedD．demanded4．A．comfortablyB．hardC．honestlyD．unpaid5．A．apartfromB．besidesC．withoutD．outof-11-\n6．A．IfanyB．IfsoC．IfnecessaryD．Ifpossible7．A．jewelsB．tastesC．booksD．food8．A．stoppingB．askingC．noticingD．meeting9．A．HoweverB．OtherwiseC．AnywayD．Moreover10．A．anythingB．everythingC．nothingD．something11．A．surprisedB．happyC．madD．frightened12．A．easilyB．carefullyC．confidentlyD．gradually13．A．strangeB．enjoyableC．boringD．relaxing14．A．interestB．trustC．patienceD．curiosity15．A．partnerB．wayoutC．meaningD．job16．A．That’srightB．CheerupC．SorryD．Nevermind17．A．bearB．loseC．handleD．risk18．A．indeedB．alreadyC．alwaysD．again19．A．hopeB．preferC．promiseD．expect20．A．nolongerB．alsoC．actuallyD．still【答案与解析】1.A考查名词辨析，world世界；领域。句意：一个人死了，在通往另一个世界的路上，或者天堂或者地狱。House“房屋”，place“地方”，hospital“医院”，均不符合题意。2．D考查形容词辨析。Splendid“辉煌的”，句意：在半路上，他看到一座壮丽辉煌的宫殿。Summer“夏季的”，fairy-tale“童话式的”，royal“盛大的”，均不适合用来修饰宫殿。3.A考查动词辨析。asksb.todosth.意为：请某人做某事。句意为：宫殿主人邀请他留下来，住在宫殿里。asked要求；邀请，符合情景。其他各项也可以跟sb.todosth.结构，但是意思不符合语境。warn警告，force强迫，demand要求。4.B考查形容词的辨析。这里表达的意思是：我一生都在努力的工作，现在只想吃就吃饭睡觉，不想干任何工作。workhard努力工作，符合句意。comfortably舒服的，honestly诚实的，unpaid无报酬的，均不符合句意。5.C考查介词短语。withoutanywork什么活也不干。任符合句意。句意见上一题。apartfrom和besides意为：除了……之外，还有。outof离开，在……外面。6.B考查语境化选词。根据上文，nowIjustwanttoeatandsleepwithoutanywork."现在只想吃饭睡觉，不想干任何工作。下文，如果是这样的话(if-11-\nso），没有任何地方比这儿更适合你了。Ifso如果这样的话，so替代上文的“justwanttoeatandsleepwithoutanywork”。7.D考查名词辨析。根据下文的“youcaneatwhateveryouwant”可以吃任何你想吃的，可知在宫殿里储存了大量的食物，jewels珠宝，tastes味道；品味，books书，都不符合语意。8.A考查动词辨析。这里表达的意思是：在宫殿里吃任何想吃的食物，没有人阻止。所以选stop意为：阻止。ask请求，notice注意，meet会见，均不符合句意。9.D考查副词辨析。很显然，上文“没有人阻止”和下文“不需要他做任何事情”之间是递进关系，所以用Moreover，意思是：而且。10.C考查代词辨析。根据句意，没有事情需要他做，故选nothing。anything任何事情everything一切事情，something某些事情，均不符合句意。11.B考查形容词辨析。由but可以看出，根据句意，该句与下文“hefeltabitlonelyandvoid.(感到空虚寂寞）”形成转折关系，在此处他对轮流着吃饭睡觉应该感到非常愉快。故选happy，意思是：愉快的，高兴的。12.D考查副词词义辨析。由常识可知：时由开始的对这种生活感到愉快，到感到空虚寂寞，这是一个是一个逐渐变化的过程。所以选gradually，意为：逐渐的，渐渐地。surprised感到惊讶的，happy幸高兴的，mad疯狂的,均不符合句意。13.C考查形容词词义辨析。有上句提到的“lonelyandvoid”，可知，每天除了吃就是睡的生活是很无聊。故选boring无聊的。strange奇怪的，enjoyable快乐的，relaxing令人放松的，均不符合句意。14.A考查名词。根据上文，既然这种生活变的很无聊，就会对这种生活失去兴趣。nointerest没有兴趣；失去兴趣，符合语境。trust信任，patience耐心，curiosity好奇,心均不符合句意。15.D考查名词。根据下文，主人回复他这儿没有任何工作，可知他想请主人帮他找份工作。Findajob找一份工作，符合句意。16.C考查语境话选词。语境为：主人很遗憾的回复他，这儿没有任何工作。所以选Sorry，意思是：遗憾的，抱歉的。That’sright没错；就是这样了，Cheerup使振奋，Nevermind没关系；均不符合句意。17A.考查动词。couldnotbear不能忍受。句意为：又过了几个月后，他再也不能忍受目前的生活了。Lose丢失、逝去，handle处理，risk风险、危险、冒险，不符合句意。-11-\n18.D考查副词辨析。前文“Sohewenttotheownerandgroaned”告诉我们：他去找过他的主人，这里表达的意思是：他再一次去找主人。只有again再一次、又一次，符合语境。Indeed的确，already已经，always一直，总是。19.B考查动词辨析。prefer宁愿。句意为：如果你不给我份工作，我宁愿离开这里去地狱。hope希望，期望；promise许诺，允诺；expect预期，期望。20.Ｃ考查语境化选词。Actually实际上。句意为：你认为这里是天堂吗，这里实际上是地狱。nolonger不再；also也，still仍然。阅读理解AOnSundaysmyfatheralwaysworethatblackapron—theonewiththeracecarsalloverit.AfterbreakfastDadalwaysannounced:“Goaheadeveryone.I'lltakecareofthedishes！”WiththatmymotherdisappearedintothefoldsoftheSundaypaper.Off_came_the_suit_coat_he_had_worn_to_church_that_morning._Up_went_the_shirtsleeves._On_went_that_apron.ForthenexthourDaddidthedishes,singingsongslike“WhoPuttheChowinMrs.Murphy'sChowder”？Isupposeitwasstrangeforafathertowearanapron—evenonewithracecars—butIneverthoughtmuchofituntilthatSundaywhenwewalkedhomefromchurchtogether.“Tommy”，hesaid，“Therecomesatimeineveryboy'slifewhenhemusttakeonresponsibilities．”“Responsibilities？”Iasked.“Yes.It'stimeyoutookagreaterroleinthehousehold.Startingtoday,IwantyoutodothedishesonSundaymorningsoyourmotherandIcanrelax.”“Thedishes？”“Anythingwrongwithtakingoverthedishes？”Istartedtosaysomethingaboutaman'sjob,butIknewimmediatelythatmyprotestswouldfallondeafears.Ididn'ttasteabitofbreakfastthatmorning.Myfatherannouncedtomymother,“Let'sgotoreadthepaper,honey.Ouroldestsonhasgenerouslyofferedtofilltheposition.”Sothiswaswhatmylifehadcometo.Peopleoftensaythereisaspecialchemistrybetweenafatherandason.HecamebackintothekitchenjustasIwasabouttostormout.Inhisrighthandwastheoldapron.“Iwantyoutohavethis,Tommy.It'llkeepyourclothesfromgettingwet.”AndbeforeIcoulddoanything,hehadputthataprononme.“Thanks,Son.YourmotherandIappreciatethis.”WiththathedisappearedintotheSundaypaper.Ilookeddownattheapron.It-11-\nhadseenbetterdays.Icouldseemydadreachingforthedishes.SoonIwassingingaboutMrs.Murphy'sChowder.16．Whatisthemainpurposeoftheunderlinedsentencesinthefirstparagraph?A．Toshowtheunwillingnessofhisfatherwhendoingdishes.B．Toinstructthemainstepsofhowhisfatherdoesdishes.C．Toemphasizehisfather'sclumsywayofdoingdishes.D．Tostresstheenjoymentandhappinessofhisfather'sdoingdishes.17．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“responsibilities”inthesecondparagraphreferto?A．Takingcareofthebrothers.B．Makingprogressacademically.C．Doingallthedishes.D．Washingtheapronwithracecars.18．Whatdidtheauthormeanbysaying“Peopleoftensaythereisaspecialchemistrybetweenafatherandason”inthefourthparagraph?A．Mindactsuponmind.B．Likefatherlikeson.C．Achildisbetterunbornthanuntaught.D．Obedienceisthefirstdutyofaboy.19．Howdidtheauthorfeelattheendofthepassage?A．Proud.B．Enjoyable.C．Surprised.D．Regretful.BAllovertheworld,librarieshavebeguntheHerculeantaskofmakingfaithfuldigitalcopiesofthebooks,imagesandrecordingsthatpreservetheintellectualeffortofhumankind.Forarmchairscholars,theworkpromisestobringsuchawealthofinformationtothedesktopthatthepresentInternetmayseemamateurishinretrospect.…Librariansseethreeclearbenefitstogoingdigital.First,ithelpsthempreserverareandfragileobjectswithoutdenyingaccesstothosewhowishtostudythem.TheBritishLibrary,forexample,holdstheonlymedievalmanuscriptofBeowulfinLondon.OnlyqualifiedscholarswereallowedtoseeituntilKevinS.KiernanoftheUniversityofKentuckyscannedthemanuscriptwiththreedifferentlightsources(revealingdetailnotnormallyapparenttothenakedeye)andputtheimagesupontheInternetforanyonetoperuse(细读).Tokyo'sNationalDietLibraryissimilarlycreatinghighlydetaileddigitalphotographsof1，236woodblockprints,scrollsandothermaterialsitconsidersnationaltreasuressothatresearcherscanscrutinizethemwithouthandlingtheoriginals.Asecondbenefitisconvenience.Oncebooksareconvertedtodigitalform,patronscanretrievetheminsecondsratherthanminutes.Severalpeoplecansimultaneouslyreadthesamebookorviewthesamepicture.Clerksaresparedthechoreofreshelving.AndlibrariescouldconceivablyusetheInternettolandtheirvirtualcollectionstothosewhoareunabletovisitinperson.Thethirdadvantageofelectroniccopiesisthattheyoccupymillimetersofspace-11-\nonamagneticdiskratherthanmetersonashelf.Expandinglibrarybuildingsisincreasinglycostly.TheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeleyrecentlyspent$46milliononanundergroundadditiontohouse1.5millionbooks—anaveragecostof$30pervolume.Thepriceofdiskstorage,incontrast,hasfallentoabout$2per300pagepublicationandcontinuestodrop.20．Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe“________”．A．ThreeBenefitsofLibrariesB．LibrariesGoingDigitalC．SpacesavingElearningD．SecurityofElectronicReading21．Whichparagraph(s)inthetextoffer(s)furtherexplanationofthecentralidea?A．Paragraphs2,3and4B．Paragraphs3and4C．Paragraphs2and4D．Paragraph422．Whichoneofthefollowingismentionedasanadvantageofelibraries?A．Oldmanuscriptscanbemovedmoreeasily.B．Materialscanbeexaminedwithoutbeingtouched.C．Fewerstaffwillberequiredinlibraries.D．Librarieswillbeabletomoveunderground.23．Whatdoestheword“scrutinize”probablymean?A．Keepforawhile.B．Reprint.C．Restore.D．Examinecarefully.Ⅲ.短文填词IstartedtolearnEnglishattheageofseven.Theexperienceofsingingandchatting24.________EnglishgavemethefeelingthatEnglishisabeautifullanguage,25.________canbringpeoplealotofjoy.Atthattime,Englishwasindeedaverygoodfriendtome.AfterI26.________(上学)middleschool,IbegantofindEnglishlearningwasn'tso27.e________.Infact,Ihadtobeashardworkingas28.o________fellowstudents,butI29.________(不能)tomakeanygreaterprogress.IwasabouttogiveupmyEnglishstudy30.________ImetMissWang,akindteacher,whoencouragedmeto31.p________more.Withherhelp,ItookpartinEnglishcompetitionsandwonmany32.p________.SincethenEnglishhasabsolutelybeenoneofmy33.________(最喜欢的)subjects.参考答案课时作业(四)Ⅱ.A一条黑色的围裙，一对心照不宣的父子，维系着一个无比温馨的家庭。16．D　推理判断题。下一句提到作者的父亲一边唱歌一边洗刷餐具，再结合本段中他所说的话可推测这三个倒装句是为了强调作者的父亲非常享受这个过程，乐在其中。17．C　词义猜测题。根据下文中的“Startingtoday，Iwantyoutodothedishes…”可知画线词指的是“洗刷所有的餐具”。18．A-11-\n　推理判断题。下一句提到正当作者要冲出来时，作者的父亲拿着那件旧围裙来到了厨房，由此可推出两人“心有灵犀一点通”。后三项分别表示“有其父必有其子”、“养不教，父之过”、“男孩以服从命令为天职”，都不符合语境。19．B　推理判断题。最后一段最后提到作者也效仿父亲的做法，边唱那首歌曲边洗刷餐具，由此可推断作者感到非常“愉快”。B本文叙述的是图书馆数字化了之后对读者和管理员的好处。20．B　推理判断题。根据第一段可知，图书馆将会建立网上图书馆，这就意味着图书馆的数字化。21．A　推理判断题。文章第二、三、四段分别就三个优点进行了深层次的剖析。因此选A。22．C　推理判断题。根据第三段可知管理员无需亲自把书放入书架了，这样就省了大量的员工，因此选C。23．D　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在的句子：有了网上浏览，读者不需花大量的时间仔细地寻找自己需要的书了。Ⅲ.24.in　25.which　26.entered/attended　27.easy28．other　29.failed　30.when　31.practice/practise32．prizes　33.favo(u)rite课后阅读--------IllusionsofPastoralPeace 宁静田园生活的遐想 Thequietlifeofthecountryhasneverappealedtome.Citybornandcitybred,Ihavealwaysregardedthecountryassomethingyoulookatthroughatrainwindow,orsomethingyouoccasionallyvisitduringtheweekend.Mostofmyfriendsliveinthecity,yettheyalwaysgointorapturesatthemerementionofthecountry.Thoughtheyextolthevirtuesofthepeacefullife,onlyoneofthemhasevergonetoliveinthecountryandhewasbackintownwithinsixmonths.Evenhestilllivesundertheillusionthatcountrylifeissomehowsuperiortotownlife.Heisforevertalkingaboutthefriendlypeople,thecleanatmosphere,theclosenesstonatureandthegentlepaceofliving.Nothingcanbecompared,hemaintains,withthefirstcockcrow,thetwitteringofbirdsatdawn,thesightoftherisingsunglintingonthetreesandpastures.Thisidyllicpastoralsceneisonlypartofthepicture.MyfriendfailstomentionthelongandfriendlesswintereveningsinfrontoftheTV----virtuallytheonlyformofentertainment.Hesaysnothingaboutthepoorselectionofgoodsintheshops,oraboutthoseunfortunatepeoplewhohavetotravelfromthecountrytothecityeverydaytogettowork.Whypeoplearepreparedtotolerateafour-hourjourneyeachdayforthedubiousprivilegeoflivinginthecountryisbeyondme.-11-\nTheycouldbesavedsomuchmiseryandexpenseiftheychosetoliveinthecitywheretheyrightlybelong.Ifyoucandowithoutthefewpastoralpleasuresofthecountry,youwillfindthecitycanprovideyouwiththebestthatlifecanoffer.Youneverhavetotravelmilestoseeyourfriends.Theyinvariablylivenearbyandarealwaysavailableforaninformalchatoranevening'sentertainment.Someofmyacquaintancesinthecountrycomeuptotownonceortwiceayeartovisitthetheatreasaspecialtreat.Forthemthisisamajoroperationwhichinvolvesconsiderableplanning.Astheplaydrawstoitsclose,theywonderwhethertheywillevercatchthatlasttrainhome.Thecitydwellerneverexperiencesanxietiesofthissort.Thelatestexhibitions,films,orplaysareonlyashortbusrideaway.Shopping,too,isalwaysapleasure.Thereissomuchvarietythatyouneverhavetomakedowithsecondbest.Countrypeoplerunwildwhentheygoshoppinginthecityandstaggerhomeloadedwithasmanyoftheexoticitemsastheycancarry.Noristhecitywithoutitsmomentsofbeauty.Thereissomethingcomfortingaboutthewarmglowshedbyadvertisementsoncoldwetwinternights.Fewthingscouldbemoreimpressivethanthepeacethatdescendsondesertedcitystreetsatweekendswhenthethousandsthattraveltoworkeverydayaretuckedawayintheirhomesinthecountry.Ithasalwaysbeenamysterytomewhycitydwellers,whoappreciateallthesethings,obstinatelypretendthattheywouldprefertoliveinthecountry.-11-\n宁静的乡村生活从来没有吸引过我。我生在城市，长在城市，总认为乡村是透过火车车窗看到的那个样子，或偶尔周末去游玩一下的景象。我的许多朋友都住在城市，但他们只要一提起乡村，马上就会变得欣喜若狂。尽管他们都交口称赞宁静的乡村生活的种种优点，但其中只有一人真去农村住过，而且不足6个月就回来了。即使他也仍存有幻觉，好像乡村生活就是比城市生活优越。他滔滔不绝地大谈友好的农民，洁净的空气，贴近大自然的环境和悠闲的生活节奏。他坚持认为，凌晨雄鸡第一声啼叫，黎明时分小鸟吱喳欢叫，冉冉升起的朝阳染红树木、牧场，此番美景无与伦比。但这种田园诗般的乡村风光仅仅是一个侧面。我的朋友没有提到在电视机前度过的漫长寂寞的冬夜——电视是唯一的娱乐形式。他也不说商店货物品种单调，以及那些每天不得不从乡下赶到城里工作的不幸的人们。人们为什么情愿每天在路上奔波4个小时去换取值得怀疑的乡间的优点，我是无法理解的。要是他们愿意住在本来属于他们的城市，则可以让他们省去诸多不便与节约大量开支。如果你愿舍弃乡下生活那一点点乐趣的话，那么你会发现城市可以为你提供生活中最美好的东西。你去看朋友根本不用跋涉好几英里，因为他们都住在附近，你随时可以同他们聊天或在晚上一起娱乐。我在乡村有一些熟人，他们每年进城来看一回或几回戏，并把此看作一种特殊的享受。看戏在他们是件大事，需要精心计划。当戏快演完时，他们又为是否能赶上末班火车回家而犯愁。这种焦虑，城里人是从未体验过的。坐公共汽车几站路，就可看到最新的展览、电影、戏剧。买东西也是一种乐趣。物品品种繁多，从来不必用二等品来凑合。乡里人进城采购欣喜若狂，每次回家时都买足了外来商品，直到拿不动方才罢休，连走路都摇摇晃晃的。城市也并非没有良辰美景。寒冷潮湿的冬夜里，广告灯箱发出的暖光，会给人某种安慰。周末，当成千上万进城上班的人回到了他们的乡间寓所之后，空旷的街市笼罩着一种宁静的气氛，没有什么能比此时的宁静更令人难忘了。城里人对这一切心里很明白，却偏要执拗地装出他们喜欢住在乡村的样子，这对我来说一直是个谜。*******************************************************结束.阅读理解Recently，scientistsattendingameetinginChicagopresentednewstudiesshowinghowfoodanditsproductionaffectglobalwarming.Theyofferedsomesuggestionsforhowtoeatinamoreenvironmentallyfriendlyway.Formanyyears，scientistshavewarnedusthatourplanetisgettingwarmer.Ifcurrenttrendscontinue，animalsmaystarttodieoffandlifecouldgetverydifficultforeveryone.Thetemperatureisrisingbecausehumanshavebeenreleasingmassiveamountsofgreenhousegasesintotheatmosphere，whichsurroundtheplanetandkeepheatfromescaping.Oneofthesegasesiscarbondioxide.Mostcarbondioxideweproducecomesfromtheprocessofmakingandeatingfood，thescientistsreportedinChicago.Theproductionofmeatcontributestoalotofcarbondioxide.Andmuchofmeat’scontributioncomesfrombeef，whichisresponsibleforreleasingevenmoregreenhousegasesintotheatmosphere.Theprocessofmakingahamburger，forexample，requiresalotofenergy.Acowhastobefedandraised，andcow’swastesareamajorsourceofgreenhousegases.Afterthecowiskilled，themeathastobeprocessedandshippedtoaconsumer，whichtakesfuel.Andmostofthecowwon’tevenbeusedformeatpeople-11-\neat.Bythetimeahamburgerfinallylandsonadinnerplate，ithastakenaheavytollontheenvironment.Itisbelievedthattheprocessofmakingahalfpoundallbeefburgeraddsabout19timestheweightofhamburgersincarbondioxide.Themessageisclear：Wecangreatlyreducetheproductionofgreenhousegasesbyeatinglessbeef.Otherkindsofmeatlikeporkandchickendolessharmtotheenvironment—atleastintermsoftheamountofgreenhousegasesreleased.NathanPelletier，ascientistatDalhousieUniversityinCanada，reportedthatifeveryoneinindustrialcountriesatechickeninsteadofbeef，wewouldcuttheEarth’sgreenhousegasesbymorethanhalf.Allkindsofmeat，thescientistsreported，areharderontheplanetthanvegetables.Togrowandeatapoundofpotatoes，forexample，sendslessthanonequarterpoundofcarbondioxideintotheair.Soshiftingourdiettolessmeatandmorevegetablesmaydotheworldsomegood.36．Thetextmainlytellsus________.A．whatweeatcanaffectthewholeplanetB．thewayweliveaffectstheenvironmentC．howwecansaveenergyontheEarthD．howwecanproduceenvironmentfriendlyfood37．Whatislikelytohappeniftheclimateisgettingwarmeraccordingtothepassage?A．Sealevelwillcontinuetorisesharply.B．Humanbeingswon’thaveenoughfood.C．Itwouldbeveryhardformantosurvive.D．Alltheanimalsandplantswilldisappear.38．Whydoestheauthormentiontheprocessofmakingahamburger?A．Toshowmeatisusuallypartofahamburger.B．Toillustratethatourfoodcontributestogreenhousegases.C．Toprovemakingahamburgerisacomplexprocess.D．Tosuggestalotofenergyisneededtomakehamburgers.39．Theauthorbelievesoneeffectivewaytofightglobalwarmingis________.A．weshouldeatnoporkandnochickenB．weshouldeatmorechickenthanbeefC．weshouldeatnotmeatbutvegetables-11-\nD．weshouldeatlessmeatandmorevegetables40．WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldNathanPelletieragreeto?A．Eatingporkandchickenismoreenvironmentallyfriendly.B．Meatconsumptionisthemaincauseofgreenhousegases.C．Peopleinindustrialcountriesconsumemorebeefthanfish.D．Eatingmorebeefisamoreefficientwaytosavemoreenergy.36.A37.C38.B39.D40.A-11-