2023高考英语二轮 阅读理解四月训练（1）

2013高考英语二轮阅读理解（四月）训练（1）及答案AEvenplantscanrunafever,especiallywhenthey’reunderattackbyinsectsordisease.Butunlikehumans,plantscanhavetheirtemperaturetakenfrom3,000feetaway—straightup.Adecadeago,adaptingtheinfrared(红外线)scanningtechnologydevelopedformilitarypurposesandothersatellites,physicistStephenPaleycameupwithaquickwaytotakethetemperatureofcropstodeterminewhichonesareunderstress.Thegoalwastoletfarmerspreciselytargetpesticide(杀虫剂)sprayingratherthanrainpoisononawholefield,whichinvariablyincludesplantsthatdon’thavepestproblems.Evenbetter,Paley'sRemoteScanningServicesCompanycoulddetectcropproblemsbe-foretheybecamevisibletotheeye.Mountedonaplaneflownat3,000feetatnight,aninfraredscannermeasuredtheheatemittedbycrops.Thedataweretransformedintoacolor-codedmapshowingwhereplantswererunning“fevers”.Farmerscouldthenspot-spray,using50to70percentlesspesticidethantheyotherwisewould.ThebadnewsisthatPaley'scompanycloseddowninl984,afteronlythreeyears.Farmersresistedthenewtechnologyandlong-termbackerswerehardtofind.Butwiththerenewedconcernaboutpesticidesonproduce,andrefinementsininfraredscanning,Paleyhopestogetbackintooperation.Agricultureexpertshavenodoubtthetechnologyworks."Thistechniquecanbeusedon75percentofagriculturallandintheUnitedStates",saysGeorgeOertherofTexasA&M.RayJackson,whorecentlyretiredfromtheDepartmentofAgriculture,thinksremoteinfraredcropscanningcouldbeadoptedbytheendofthedecade.ButonlyifPaleyfindsthefinancialbackingwhichhefailedtoobtain10yearsago.41.Plantswillemitanincreasedamountofheatwhentheyare________.A.sprayedwithpesticidesB.facinganinfraredscannerC.inpoorphysicalconditionD.exposedtoexcessivesunrays42.Inordertoapplypesticidesprayingprecisely,wecanuseinfraredscanningto-7-\n.A.estimatethedamagetothecropsB.drawacolor-codedmapC.measurethesizeoftheaffectedareaD.locatetheproblemarea43.Farmerscansaveaconsiderableamountofpesticideby.A.resortingtospot-sprayingB.consultinginfraredscanningexpertsC.transformingpoisonedrainD.detectingcropproblemsatanearlydate44.TheapplicationofinfraredscanningtechnologytoagriculturemetwithsomedifficultiesduetoA.thelackofofficialsupportB.itshighcostC.thelackoffinancialsupportD.itsfailuretohelpincreaseproduction44.Infraredscanningtechnologymaybebroughtbackintooperationbecauseof.A.thedesireoffarmerstoimprovethequalityoftheirproduceB.growingconcernabouttheexcessiveuseofpesticidesoncropsC.theforcefulpromotionbytheDepartmentofAgricultureD.fullsupportfromagriculturalexperts参考答案41-45CDACB*******************************************************结束DCanadianscientistshavefoundthatthemoreemotionalormentalchallengesapersonfacesinaday,thelessdeterminedtheybecometoworkoutphysically.However,thefindingsshouldnotstopusfromkeepingfit.Expertsbelievethatwillpower(意志力)islikeamuscle,andneedstobeexercisedtohelponeavoidthetemptation(诱惑)spendinganightonthecouchinstead.KathleenMartin--Ginis,aprofessorofkinesiology---thescienceofmovement一wholedthestudy,sayseveryonehasalimitedamountofwillpower,andthatitwillbereducedbystress.MissMartin--Ginis,ofCanada'sMcMasterUniversity,explains,"Cognitive(认知的)tasks,aswellastaskssuchasregulating(调整)one'semotions,canreduceone'scapacitytoforceoneselftoexercise."Herteamofscientistsperformedaso--called"Stroop"testonvolunteerstoreachtheirconclusions.Theexperimentinvolvedshowingparticipantswordsassociatedwithcolorsbutprintedindifferentcolors,forexample,theword"blue"writteninredink.Participantsweredividedintotwogroups.Onegroupwasaskedtonamethecoloroftheink,insteadtosaytheprintedword,whiletheotherwasn'tMartin―Ginissays,"Afterweusedthiscognitivetasktouseuptheirself--regulatorycapacity,theparticipants-7-\ndidn'texerciseashardasthosewhohadnotperformedthetask.Themorepeopleconcentratedonthecognitivetask,themorelikelytheyweretoskipexercisesessions(活动时间)overthenexteightweeks.Youonlyhavesomuchwillpower.However,therearewaystostrengthenwillpower.Thestudyfoundthelisteningtomusicbeforegoingtothegymcanhelp,aswellasmakingacommitmenttoworkoutwithfriends.Italsoconcludedthatwillpowercanbestretchedbyconstantlytaking,orforcingoneselftostudyanextrahoureachnight.Martin-Ginisadds,"Therearestrategiespeoplecanusetohelprevitalize(使恢复活动)themselvesafterthey’veuseduptheirself-regulation.Willpowerislikeamuscle:itneedstobeusedtostaystrong.13.Accordingtotheexperts,humanwillpower____________..A.canbeexercisedthroughmusclemovementB.canregulateitselftoresisttemptationsC.isweakenedbystressfulcognitiveoremotionaltasksD.isreducedbylackofphysicalexercise.14.WelearnfromParagraph4thattheexperiment__________..A.madeuseoftheStrooptestB.askedonegroupofparticipantstonamethewordsC.requiredresearcherstowritetheword"blue"inredinktomakeiteasilyrecognizable.D.showedthatthosewhohadn'tperformedthetaskweresmarterthanthosewhohad15.WhichofthefollowingisinagreementwithMissMartin―Ginis'idea?A.Human'swillpowerislimitedtoacertainlevelB.ThecognitivetaskscouldmakepeopleignoreexerciseC.ChallengingtaskscouldmakepeopleignoreexerciseD.Exerciseisanimportantwaytostrengthenone'swillpower.16.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Willpowercanbechallengedtobecomepowerful.B.McMasterUniversityisfamousforitskinesiology.C.Effectivewaystoresisttemptationshavebeenfound.D.thestudyhasanimpactonthescienceofmovement.参考答案13-16CAAA************************************************结束BInbringingupchildren,everyparentwatcheseagerlythechild'sacquisitionofeachnewskill—thefirstspokenwords,thefirstindependentsteps,orthebeginningofreadingandwriting.Itisoftentemptingtohurrythechildbeyondhisnaturallearningrate,butthiscansetupdangerousfeelingsoffailureandstatesofworryinthechild.Thismighthappenatanystage.Ababymightbeforcedtouseatoilet-7-\ntooearly,ayoungchildmightbeencouragedtolearntoreadbeforeheknowsthemeaningofthewordshereads.Ontheotherhand,though,ifachildisleftalonetoomuch,orwithoutanylearningopportunities,heloseshisnaturalenthusiasmforlifeandhisdesiretofindoutnewthingsforhimself.Parentsvarygreatlyintheirdegreeofstrictnesstowardstheirchildren.Somemaybeespeciallystrictinmoneymatters,othersaresevereovertimesofcominghomeatnightorpunctualityformeals.Ingeneral,thecontrolsimposedrepresenttheneedsoftheparentsandthevaluesofthecommunityasmuchasthechild'sownhappiness.Asregardsthedevelopmentofmoralstandardsinthegrowingchild,consistencyisveryimportantinparentalteaching.Toforbidathingonedayandexcuseitthenextisnofoundationformorality(道德).Also,parentsshouldrealizethat“exampleisbetterthanprecept”.Iftheyarenotsincereanddonotpracticewhattheypreach(说教),theirchildrenmaygrowconfusedandemotionallyinsecurewhentheygrowoldenoughtothinkforthemselves,andrealizetheyhavebeentosomeextentfooled.Asuddenawarenessofamarkeddifferencebetweentheirparents'principlesandtheirmoralscanbeadangerousdisappointment.46.Eagerlywatchingthechild'sacquisitionofnewskills.A.shouldbeavoidedB.isuniversalamongparentsC.setsupdangerousstatesofworryinthechildD.willmakehimloseinterestinlearningnewthings47.Intheprocessofchildren'slearningnewskillsparents.A.shouldencouragethemtoreadbeforetheyknowthemeaningofthewordstheyreadB.shouldnotexpecttoomuchofthemC.shouldachieveabalancebetweenpushingthemtoohardandleavingthemontheirownD.shouldcreateasmanylearningopportunitiesaspossible48.Thesecondparagraphmainlytellsusthat.-7-\nA.parentsshouldbestrictwiththeirchildrenB.parentalcontrolsreflectonlytheneedsoftheparentsandthevaluesofthecommunityC.parentalrestrictionsvary,andarenotalwaysenforcedforthebenefitofthechildrenaloneD.parentsvaryintheirstrictnesstowardstheirchildrenaccordingtothesituation.49.Theunderlinedword“precept”inPara.3probablymeans“”A.ideaB.punishmentC.behaviourD.instruction50.Inmoralmatters,parentsshould.A.observetherulesthemselvesB.beawareofthemarkeddifferencebetweenadultsandchildrenC.forbidthingswhichhavenofoundationinmoralityD.consistentlyensurethesecurityoftheirchildren参考答案46-50BCCDA***************************************************结束CAgoodmodernnewspaperisanextraordinarypieceofreading.Itisremarkablefirstforwhatitcontains:therangeofnewsfromlocalcrimetointernationalpolitics,fromsportstobusinesstofashiontoscience,andtherangeofcommentandspecialfeatures(特写)aswell,fromeditorialpagetofeaturearticlesandinterviewstocriticismofbooks,art,theatre,andmusic.Anewspaperisevenmoreremarkableforthewayonereadsit:nevercompletely,neverstraightthrough,butalwaysbyjumpingfromheretothere,inandout,glancingatonepiece,readinganotherarticleallthewaythrough,readingjustafewparagraphsofthenext.Agoodmodernnewspaperoffersavarietytoattractmanydifferentreaders,butfarmorethananyonereaderisinterestedin.Whatbringsthisvarietytogetherinoneplaceisitstopicality(时事性),itsimmediaterelationtowhatishappeninginyourworldandyourlocalitynow.Butimmediacyandthespeedofproductionthatgoeswithitmean-7-\nalsothatmuchofwhatappearsinanewspaperhasnomorethantransient(短暂的)value.Forallthesereasons,notwopeoplereallyreadthesamepaper:whateachpersondoesistoputtogether,outofthepagesofthatday'spaper,hisownselectionandsequence,hisownnewspaper.Forallthesereasons,readingnewspapersefficiently,whichmeansgettingwhatyouwantfromthemwithoutmissingthingsyouneedbutwithoutwastingtime,demandsskillandself-awarenessasyoumodifyandapplythetechniquesofreading.51.Amodernnewspaperisremarkableforallthefollowingexceptits.A.widecoverageB.uniformstyleC.speedinreportingnewsD.popularity52.Accordingtothepassage,thereasonwhynotwopeoplereallyreadthe“same”newspaperisthat.A.peoplescanforthenewstheyareinterestedinB.differentpeoplepreferdifferentnewspapersC.peoplearerarelyinterestedinthesamekindofnewsD.peoplehavedifferentviewsaboutwhatagoodnewspaperis53.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethatnewspaperreaders.A.applyreadingtechniquesskillfullyB.jumpfromonenewspapertoanotherC.appreciatethevarietyofanewspaperD.usuallyreadanewspaperselectively54.Agoodnewspaperoffers“avariety”toreadersbecause.A.ittriestoservedifferentreadersB.ithastocoverthingsthathappeninacertainlocalityC.readersaredifficulttopleaseD.readersliketoreaddifferentnewspaper.55.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe“”A.TheimportanceofNewspaperTopicalityB.TheCharacteristicsofaGoodNewspaperC.TheVarietyofaGoodNewspaper-7-\nD.SomeSuggestionsonHowtoReadaNewspaper参考答案51-55BADAB***************************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