全国统考2023高考英语一轮复习练习选修6Unit3Understandingeachother课时作业含解析202303251105

十八　选修6　Unit3　Understandingeachother(限时35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解ATheDragonBoatFestivalor“DuanWu”or“DuanYang”(meaningthe“UprightSun”or“DoubleFifth”inChinese)isoneofthemajorChinesefestivalsofficiallycelebratedinChinaonthefifthdayofthefifthmonthoftheChineselunarcalendar.Theoccasionistypicallycelebratedduringthesummermonthswithboatracesandcompetitions,especiallyinthesouthernprovincesofChinawhichaboundinriversandlakes.IntheWestandothercountriesofeasternAsia,“DuanWu”isalsoknownasthe“DoubleFifthDay”.Whilemanystoriesregardingtheoriginofthe“DoubleFifthDay”abound,themythofQuYuanispopularlyheldtobetheactualreasonbehindtheoriginofthefestival.QuYuanwasapoetandpoliticalfigureoftheStateofChu(situatedinpresent-dayHunanandHubeiProvinces).HewasaministerduringtheWarringStatesPeriod(475—221BC)ofChinesehistory.ThestoryaboutQuYuanhasbeendeeplyrootedinChinesecultureandisbelievedbymanytobetheprimefactorfortheoriginofthefestival.However,scholarsandhistorianshavepointedoutthatanumberofpopulartraditionsassociatedwiththefestivalalreadyexistedevenbeforeQuYuanandtheyhavegoneontosuggestmanyotheroriginsofthefestival.StudieshavediscoveredthatthenatureofcelebrationsrelatedtothefestivalischaracteristicofthecelebrationoftheharvestofwinterwheatandothersuchcropfestivalsofancientChineseagriculturalsociety.ScholarssuggestthatsimilarcelebrationshadlongexistedinmanyotherpartsofChinaandwithincreasedinteractionbetweenpeopleindifferentregionsofthenation,thesefestivalseventuallygotmixedandgainedanindependentidentity.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了端午节的由来,端午节是如何庆祝的,它的传说和人们对众多传说的考查以及得出的结论。1.HowdoChinesecelebratethe“DuanWu”festival?\nA.Tohaveboatracesandcompetitions.B.Toeateggsandzongzi.C.Toputupcouplets(对联).D.Tovisitfriendsandrelatives.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句Theoccasionistypicallycelebratedduringthesummermonthswithboatracesandcompetitions,especiallyinthesouthernprovincesofChinawhichaboundinriversandlakes可知划船比赛是典型的庆祝方式,故选A。2.Whendidthefestivalcomeintobeing?A.AfterQuYuandied.B.DuringtheWarringStatesPeriod.C.BeforetheSpringandAutumnPeriod.D.BeforeQuYuanwasborn.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段withthefestivalalreadyexistedevenbeforeQuYuan以及ScholarssuggestthatsimilarcelebrationshadlongexistedinmanyotherpartsofChina可知这个节日是在屈原出生以前就存在了,故选D。3.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.DoubleFifthDayFestivalB.FestivalforQuYuanC.TheOriginofDuanWuD.AChineseTraditionalFestival【解析】选C。主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第一句TheDragonBoatFestivalor“DuanWu”or“DuanYang”(meaningthe“UprightSun”or“DoubleFifth”inChinese)isoneofthemajorChinesefestivalsofficiallycelebratedinChinaonthefifthdayofthefifthmonthoftheChineselunarcalendar以及本文主要内容为谈及端午节的来源,可知答案C符合题意。【知识拓展】长难句分析However,scholarsandhistorianshavepointedoutthatanumberofpopulartraditionsassociatedwiththefestivalalreadyexistedevenbeforeQuYuanandtheyhavegone\nontosuggestmanyotheroriginsofthefestival.　分析:本句是主从复合句。thatanumberofpopulartraditionsassociatedwiththefestivalalreadyexistedevenbeforeQuYuanandtheyhavegoneontosuggestmanyotheroriginsofthefestival是pointedout的宾语从句。宾语从句是and连接的并列句。前一个并列句中含有associatedwiththefestival是动词过去分词短语作traditions的后置定语。翻译:然而,学者和历史学家指出,许多与这个节日有关的流行传统早在屈原之前就已经存在了,他们进一步指出了这个节日的许多其他起源。B(2021·青岛模拟)OfficerMichaelRivers,apolicemanwhowassnappedandtheimagesharedonFacebook,ashesatsharinghislunchwithahomelesswomanatthesideoftheroadinNorthCarolina,intheUSA,ispraised.AccordingtoChrisBarnes,hiswifeCassietookthephotowhileshewasonherlunchbreak.Shesawthepairsharingapizzaandsoftdrinkwhiletheywerehavingafriendlychat.MrBarnesuploadedtheimagewiththenotes:“Cassiewasoutonherlunchbreakandobservedtheofficerenjoyinglunchwithahomelessperson.”OfficerRiversrecalledseeingthewomanearlierthatday.HetoldYahooNews:“IwasleavingtheparkinglotofWalmartandshewasstandingbythestopsign.Hershirtread,‘Homelessthefastestwayofbecominganobody.’Ihatedthatshefeltthatway.”Headded,“Ialwaystrytotalktothehomelessjusttoseehowtheygotintotheirsituation.Youknow,becauseitcanhappentoanyoneofus,atanygivenmoment.”Afterhedroveaway,hecircledbacktoaskifthewomanwashungryandifshewantedfood.Theofficersaidshewashonoredbyhisoffer.HeboughtthembothpizzaandMountainDewandwhenthepairsatdowntoeat,helearnedofherfamilystrugglesandtoldher:“Hey,youstillgotstufftolivefor,youstillgotyourlifeaheadofyou.It’snevertoolate.”OfficerRivers,whodoesrecruitingfortheGoldsboroPD,hopestosenda\nmessageofsympathyforothers.Headded:“Whentheyoungerornewerguyscomein,Iletthemknow,‘Hey,treatingthecommunitylikehumanbeingsisthemostimportantthingintheworld.’”“So,ifweaspoliceofficersshowthatloveandsympathytoeverybody,nomattertheirage,financialbackgroundorrace,theworldwouldbeabetterplace.”【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了美国北卡罗来纳州警官MichaelRivers坐在路边与一名无家可归的妇女分享午餐的照片被拍到了脸书上,并受到了好评。文章主要为Rivers警官讲述了这件事情的经过,以及他想要向他的新同事传达警察应该有同情心和爱心的想法。4.WhydidChrisBarnessharethephotoonFacebook?A.Becauseitwastakenbyhiswife.B.Becausetheofficerwashisfriend.C.Becausetheofficerwashandsome.D.Becausehewasimpressedbytheofficer’saction.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知据ChrisBarnes说,这张照片是他妻子Cassie在午休时拍的。她看到他们一边友好地聊天,一边分享披萨和饮料。Barnes先生上传了这张照片,并附上说明:“Cassie出去吃午饭,发现这名警官正在和一个无家可归的人共进午餐。”由此可推知,ChrisBarnes会在脸书上分享这张照片,是因为他对警官的行为印象深刻。故选D。5.Whydidtheofficercomebackforthehomelesswoman?A.Becausesheaskedhimforfood.B.Becausehersituationwasserious.C.Becausehewantedtomakeadifferencetoher.D.Becausehewantedtobecomeaninternetcelebrity.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段中HetoldYahooNews的内容以及第四段中HeboughtthembothpizzaandMountainDewandwhenthepairsatdowntoeat,helearnedofherfamilystrugglesandtoldher:“Hey,youstillgotstufftolivefor,youstillgotyourlifeaheadofyou.It’snevertoolate.”可知他给他们买了披萨和山露汽水,当他们坐下来吃饭时,他知道了她的家庭的状况,并告诉她:“嘿,你仍然有生活的理由,\n在前面你仍然有你的生活。永远不会太迟。”由此可推知,警察回来找那个无家可归的女人,是因为他想对她有所影响。故选C。6.Whatdoestheofficerwanttopassontohisnewcolleagues?A.Anyonecanbecomehomelessatanygivenmoment.B.Policemenshouldbesympatheticandcaring.C.Policemenshouldbecomeheroes.D.Peopleshouldlearntodrawothers’attention.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中OfficerRivers,whodoesrecruitingfortheGoldsboroPD,hopestosendamessageofsympathyforothers.为戈尔兹伯勒警察局招募人员的Rivers警官希望向其他人传达同情的信息。以及最后一段“So,ifweaspoliceofficersshowthatloveandsympathytoeverybody,nomattertheirage,financialbackgroundorrace,theworldwouldbeabetterplace.”可知,这位警官想向他的新同事传达警察应该有同情心和爱心的想法。故选B。7.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Apolicemanseensharinglunchwithahomelesswoman.B.Howpolicemenhelpthehomeless.C.Aluckyhomelesswoman.D.Howtobecomeagoodmodelforpolicemen.【解析】选A。主旨大意题。主要讲述了美国北卡罗来纳州警官MichaelRivers坐在路边与一名无家可归的妇女分享午餐的照片被拍到了脸书上,并受到了好评。结合文章主要为Rivers警官讲述了这件事情的经过,以及他想要向他的新同事传达警察应该有同情心和爱心的想法。由此可知,文章主要讲了一名警察与一名无家可归的女士共享午餐。故选A。【知识拓展】佳词积累①snap　　　　　v.拍照②uploadv.上传③circlev.环绕④recruitingn.招聘\nⅡ.阅读填句阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。BothCOVID-19itselfandtheresultingeconomiccrisisareglobalproblems.Theycanbesolvedeffectivelyonlybyglobalcooperation.Todefeatthevirus,wefirstneedtoshareinformationglobally.　1　Acoronavirus(冠状病毒)inChinaandoneintheUScannotexchangetipsonhowtoinfecthumans.Yet,ChinacanteachtheUSvaluablelessonsaboutthevirus.WhatanItaliandoctordiscoversmightsavelivesinTehran.WhentheUKgovernmenthesitatesbetweenseveralpolicies,itcangetadvicefromtheKoreanswhohavefacedasimilarproblem.　2　 Globalcooperationisneededontheeconomicfront,too.It’svitallyrequiredinnormaltimes,letaloneinthemomentofacrisis.　3　Ifeachgovernmentdoesitsownthing,completelyignoringtheothers,theresultwillbechaosandadeepeningcrisis.Weneedaglobalplanofaction,andweneeditfast. 　4　Anoverallbanonitformonthswillcausehugehardshipsandblockthewaragainstthecoronavirus.Countriesneedtocooperatetoallowatleastasmallnumberofessentialpeopletocontinuecrossingborders:scientists,doctors,journalistsandpoliticians.Thiscanbedonebyreachinganagreementontheadvancedexaminationofthosepeoplebytheirhomecountry. Unfortunately,atpresentcountrieshardlydothesethings.　5　Willwetraveldowntherouteofdisunity,orwillweadoptthepathofglobalsolidarity?Ifit’sthelatter,it’llbeavictorynotonlyagainstthecoronavirus,butagainstallfuturecrisesthatmightattackhumankind. A.Humansneedtomakeachoice.B.Thenatureofsupplychainsisglobal.C.That’sthebigadvantageofhumansoverviruses.D.Reachingaglobalagreementontravelisalsonecessary.E.Anotherrequirementistosupportworldwideprofessionals.F.Butforthistohappen,weneedaspiritofglobalcooperationandtrust.\nG.Wealsoneedaglobalefforttoproduceandhandoutmedicalequipment.【文章大意】新冠病毒和由此引发的经济危机都是全球问题,只有通过全球合作才能有效解决这些问题。1.【解析】选C。空前讲为了战胜病毒,我们首先需要全球范围内共享信息。空后的内容是举的例子——中国和美国的冠状病毒无法交流感染人类的窍门,但是中国可以向美国传授许多经验等,C项“与病毒相比,这是人类的一大优势”承上启下。2.【解析】选F。本段主要讲到人们需要在全球范围内共享信息,并给出了三个信息共享和互相帮助的例子,F项“但是,要做到这一点(即全球范围内共享信息),我们需要一种全球合作与信任的精神”是对上文内容的延伸。3.【解析】选B。根据本段首句可知,该段主要论述经济方面的全球合作,空后提到如果每个政府只顾自己,完全忽视其他国家,结果会是一片狼藉,全球陷入越来越严重的危机,故空处应与经济方面的全球合作有关,B项“供应链的特征是全球性的”符合语境。4.【解析】选D。空处是本段的主旨句。根据下文的“asmallnumberofessentialpeopletocontinuecrossingborders”可知,本段应与出行方面的合作有关。故选D项“旅行方面达成一个全球协议也是必要的”。5.【解析】选A。根据空后的“Willwetraveldowntherouteofdisunity,orwillweadoptthepathofglobalsolidarity?Ifit’sthelatter”可知,本段提到了两种不同的选择,空处内容应与之有关,故A项“人类需要做出选择”符合语境。【佳词积累】crisisn.危机　　　　effectivelyadv.有效地cooperationn.合作solidarityn.团结Ⅲ.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。\nOneday,whenIwas7,mymotherandIweredoingshopping.IsawthedressandIlikeditverymuch.However,moneywastight,ormymothersaidtome“Maybenexttime.”“MayIbuythedressyourdaughter?”askedothercustomer.“Thankyou,butwecan’tacceptsuchabeautifulgifts,”mymothersaid.Thenshetoldusherstory.Shehasbeenhomelessforthreeyears.Butforthekindnessofstrangers,shewouldnottohavesurvived.“IfeelluckilythatI’mnolongerhomeless,”shesaid.“ThatI’vepromisedtodoistorepaythekindness.”Afterpayforthedress,shejustacceptedourthankfulhugs.【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个无家可归的女士主动提出给作者买一条她喜欢的裙子,在听了这位女士的故事后作者和妈妈都非常感激她。1.【解析】第二句the→a。考查冠词。句意:我看见了一条裙子,并且非常喜欢它。根据句意可知,此处是泛指,应用不定冠词,且dress的发音是辅音音素开头,应用a,故将the改为a。2.【解析】第三句or→so/and。考查连词。句意:然而,钱不够,(因此)我妈妈对我说:“或许下次买。”根据句意可知,上下文是递进或因果关系,用so/and符合语境,故将or改为so/and。3.【解析】第四句your前加for。考查介词。此处考查固定短语buysth.forsb.意为“给某人买某物”,故在your前加for。4.【解析】第四句other→another。考查不定代词。句意:另外一个顾客问:“我可以给你女儿买这条裙子吗?”根据句意可知,此处是指另外一个顾客,another“另一”,故将other改为another。5.【解析】第五句gifts→gift。考查名词的数。结合上下文,此处的gift代指前文提到的dress,且根据a可知,应用单数形式,故将gifts改为gift。6.【解析】第七句has→had。考查时态。本文的基础时态为一般过去时,结合上下文可知“她无家可归”的事情发生在她给我们讲述自己的故事之前,即过去的过去,应用过去完成时,故将has改为had。7.【解析】第八句删除not后的to。考查谓语动词。分析句子可知,此处是与过去情况相反的虚拟语气,其结构为wouldn’thavedone,故删除not后的to。8.【解析】第九句luckily→lucky。考查形容词。feel是感官动词,其后应接形容词,故将luckily改为lucky。\n9.【解析】第十句That→What。考查主语从句。分析句子可知,此处是主语从句连接词,从句I’vepromisedtodo缺少宾语,且指代事情,应用连接代词what,故将That改为What。10.【解析】第十一句pay→paying。考查动名词。此处应用pay的动名词作为介词after的宾语,故将pay改为paying。Ⅳ.书面表达假如你是李华,获知你的英国朋友Eric在汉语书法比赛中获得一等奖。请你给他写一封邮件,内容包括:　　1.表示祝贺;2.赠送名家字帖。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。参考词汇:字帖calligraphycopybook____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】DearEric,CongratulationsonyourwinningthefirstprizeintheChinesecalligraphycontest!Asisknowntoall,calligraphyisanimportantpartofChinesetraditionalculture.ItisreallyamazingforaforeignertowriteChinesecharacterssowell.I’vealreadyhadacopybookofWangXizhi’sworksdeliveredtoyou.Ihopeitcanbeofsomehelp.I’mlookingforwardtoyourgreaterprogressinthefuture.Yours,LiHua