全国统考2023高考英语一轮复习练习选修7Unit3Theworldonline课时作业含解析202303251109

二十二　选修7　Unit3　Theworldonline(限时35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2021·泰安模拟)EachpostonTwitterorTweettothisonlinesocialnetworkcanrunnomorethan140characters.Explainingascientificconceptinonly140characterscanbealmostimpossible.RyanBeckerteachesphysicalscience.Hedidn’tdiscoverTwitteruntil2011,whenheattendedatechnologyconferencewithasessiononusingthenetworktoconnectwithotherteachers.“IknewnothingaboutTwitterorFacebook,”herecalls.“Butthedescriptionsoundedinteresting.”Beckersoonrealizedthathedidn’twanttolimitTwittertoteachersinteractingwithothereducators.“Ithought,‘Whycan’tkidsrealizealloftheseuses?’”Andtofindout,hebeganincludingTwitterintohisclasses.Becker’sschoolprovidesallofitsstudentswithnetbooks.BeckerletthekidssetupTwitteraccounts.Forkidswhodogetaccounts,Beckermakessurethoseaccountsareprotected.Bythathemeanseachstudenthastoapproveallfollowers,andhisorhertweetswillnotbevisibletopeopleoutsidethatprotected-followerlist.Oncehisclasshadsignedup,BeckerhadthemTweetduringclasstime.HeusedTwitterhimselftosharesciencevideosandarticleswithhisstudentsasheranacrossthem—thingshemightnothavehadtimetoloadandshareduringclassperiods.“OneofmybigreasonsforusingTwitteristhatItrytogetstudentstoconnectsciencetotheirownlives.”hesays.BeckerstressesthathisuseofTwitterisonlyintheclassroom.“UsuallyifI’maskingthemtouseit.I’mgivingthemtimeinclass,”henotes.“It’snotmeanttosupplant(代替)classroomlearning.It’smeanttocomplementandextendit.”\nButteacherswillneedtobecarefulthatthestudentswhouseTwitterinclassdon’thavetheirhorizonsexpandedtoobroadly,saysDeRosier.Ifinappropriatethingsendupfillingstudents’feeds,theteachersmaypaytheprice,shewarns,because“WhenthingsgowrongontheInternet,theygocatastrophicallywrong.”SherecallsthecaseofahighschoolteacherwhowasbeingfilmedusingTwitterwithhisclass.【文章大意】本文主要介绍了美国的一个老师在课堂上使用Twitter,用简洁的语言来传授科学知识的故事。1.WhatroledoesBecker’sTwitterplayinhisclass?A.Toconnectwithhisstudentseasily.B.Toengagestudentsinmeaningfulscience.C.Toexplainscientificconceptsbriefly.D.ToreplaceclassroomlearningwithTwitter.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第六段OneofmybigreasonsforusingTwitteristhatItrytogetstudentstoconnectsciencetotheirownlives.可知,他在课堂上使用Twitter的目的是希望把自己教授的科学知识融入到学生们的生活中去。2.HowdidBeckerprotecthisstudents’Twitteraccounts?A.Theyaccepttheirparentsasfollowers.B.Theirtweetsareopentoallfollowers.C.Allstudentsbutothersfollowtheirtweets.D.Theycantweetonly140characters.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段Beckermakessurethoseaccountsareprotected.Bythathemeanseachstudenthastoapproveallfollowers,andhisorhertweetswillnotbevisibletopeopleoutsidethatprotected-followerlist.可知,他让学生们互相成为Twitter的粉丝,他们的推文外人是看不到的。3.WhatcanweinferfromwhatDeRosiersaid?A.Teachersneedtoendstudents’feedssuitably.B.TeacherswillpayforthecostofusingTwitter.C.Teachersshouldn’tfilmstudentswithTwitter.D.TeachersshouldmindthecontentonTwitter.\n【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知,她认为老师在使用Twitter的时候,要特别注意Twitter上的内容。4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AteacherinvitesTwitterintoclassroomB.TwittercomesintothelifeofstudentsC.ScienceiseasilyspreadonTwitterD.StudentslearnaboutTwitteratclass【解析】选A。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了美国的一个老师在课堂上使用Twitter,用简洁的语言来传授科学知识的故事。【知识拓展】背景链接Twitter(中文统称推特)是一家美国社交网络及微博客服务的网站,致力于服务公众对话。它可以让用户更新不超过140个字符的消息(除中文、日文和韩文外已提高上限至280个字符),这些消息也被称作“推文(Tweet)”,Twitter被形容为“互联网的短信服务”。这个服务是由杰克·多西(JackDorsey)在2006年3月与合伙人共同创办并在当年7月启动的。Twitter在全世界都非常流行,Twitter发布的财报显示,截至2020年第二季度,Twitter的可变现日活跃用户达1.86亿。BWe’veheardofrobotsandAI(ArtificialIntelligence)takinghumanjobs,butIbetmayors(市长)don’treallythinktheirjobscanbethreatenedanytimesoon.Theywerewrong,andtheAIrunningforthemayorofaTokyodistrictwasclearproofofthat.AIcan’tlegallyrunforhigh-rankingpublicmanagementpositionsyet,butonemayoralcandidatefromTamaCity,Tokyo,intendedtomaximizetheuseofArtificialIntelligenceinrunningcityaffairs.Hewasrunninghiscampaign(竞选运动)as“AIMayor”.Basically,hewassuggestingreplacinghumanpublicofficialswithAIandhavingthemcollectcitydataandcreatefairandbalancedpoliciesthatwillbenefiteveryone.“Forthefirsttimeintheworld,AIwillruninanelection,”humancandidateMichihitoMatsudaannouncedonTwitter.“ArtificialIntelligencewillchangeTamaCity.WiththebirthofanAIMayor,wewillconductbalancedpolicies.”\nTheAIMayorwascampaigningverymuchlikeitshumancompetitors.PosterswereshownalloverTamaCityandcampaigntruckswereblaringout(大声鸣响)promisesofanAIutopia(乌托邦)andaskingforsupport.SomepeoplecalledMichihitoMatsuda’scampaignastunt(噱头),asahumanwouldstillbetheonelegallyincharge.However,otherssaidthattheywereexcitedaboutthefutureofAIrunningthingsinthebackground,addingthatithadtobeabetterchoice.【文章大意】本文为科技类阅读。我们听说过机器人和人工智能取代了人类的部分工作,可是它们竟然参与竞选东京某区的市长,这让人们唏嘘不已。5.What’stheadvantageoftheAImayoraccordingtoMichihitoMatsuda?A.MaximizingtheuseofAI.B.Replacinghumanofficials.C.Creatingbalancedpolicies.D.Bringinghimbeneficialeffects.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句Basically,hewassuggestingreplacinghumanpublicofficialswithAIandhavingthemcollectcitydataandcreatefairandbalancedpoliciesthatwillbenefiteveryone.以及第三段内容可知,人工智能市长的优势在于收集城市数据,制定公平、平衡的政策,让每个人都受益,这在世界上是首例,也是它的优势。故选C。6.HowwillAIrunforthemayor?A.Itwillabolishmanyoldpolicies.B.ItwillaskforsupportontheInternet.C.Itwillmakepublicspeeches,dressedlikeahuman.D.Itwillcompetesimilarlytohumancompetitors.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段TheAIMayorwascampaigningverymuchlikeitshumancompetitors.PosterswereshownalloverTamaCityandcampaigntruckswereblaringoutpromisesofanAIutopiaandaskingforsupport.可知,人工智能市长的竞选活动的方式和人类竞争对手非常像,故选D。7.What’sthecitizens’attitudetowardsMichihitoMatsuda’scampaign?A.TheybelieveAIwillwin.\nB.Allconsiderittobetricky.C.Itissupposedtobeafailuredefinitely.D.Somethinkit’sworthyofexpectation.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句However,otherssaidthattheywereexcitedaboutthefutureofAIrunningthingsinthebackground,addingthatithadtobeabetterchoice.可知,有人认为AI当选市长必定是个更好的选择,这是值得期待的,故选D。8.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.AIRunsfortheMayorB.TheAdvantagesofAIC.AIReplacesHumaninManagementD.ThePatternsofAIManagement【解析】选A。标题归纳题。根据上下文可知,本文主要讲述人工智能参与竞选市长的职位,故选A。【知识拓展】佳词积累1.hearof　　　　　　　　听说2.artificialintelligence人工智能3.managementpositions管理岗位4.balancedpolicies均衡政策5.blareout大声鸣响6.incharge掌管Ⅱ.完形填空(2021·宿州模拟)Tomillionsofreaders,JeffZaslowwasabest-sellingauthor.Buttome,Jeffwasa(n)　1　mentor(导师)whogavecountlesshoursofhistimeandenergyto　2　authors. 　　WhenIwasinmiddleschool,Jeffandhisfamily　3　nearourhouse.Ataneighborhoodparty,Iwasa　4　kidplayingbasketballalone.Jeffwalkedover,introducedhimselftome.Hetookatrueinterestingettingto　5　me,asking\naboutmyhobbies.Althoughwehadjustmet,Ihadthe　6　thatthisnewneighbourtrulycaredaboutme. 　　Lookingback,Jeffwasthefirstadultwho　7　melikeapeer(同龄人),andithelpedmefindmyconfidence.Atthetime,Ihadno　8　thatJeffwouldbecomeamentortomeorthatIwouldenterthewriting　9　. 　　Twentyyearslater,Idecidedto　10　myfirstbook.Insearchof　11　ondevelopingaplan,I　12　toJeff.Lessthanthreehourslater,his　13　landedinmymailbox.Heinvitedmetocallhimanytime,dayornight.Heaskedme　14　questionsandlistenedtomyresponses. 　　WhenIstartedwriting,I　15　Jeff’sworkasamodelandhispersonalexampleasareminderofwhatitmeanttoputotherpeoplefirst. 　　In2012,beforeIfinishedwritingmybook,Jefflosthis　16　inacaraccident.Imissedthe　17　totellhimwhataninfluencehehadonme—notonlyasawriter,butasarolemodelforhowtoliveagoodlife. 　　JeffZaslownevergotthechancetogivehislast　18　.Idon’tknowwhathewouldhave　19　,butIknowhowhewouldhavemadeyou　20　duringthetalk.Hewouldhaveamusedyouwithhumorandencouragedyoutoseekforthemostmeaningfulmomentsinlife. 【文章大意】文章讲述了“我”的人生导师杰夫·扎斯洛对“我”的帮助与影响。1.A.devoted　　　　　　B.honestC.strictD.fair【解析】选A。由“whogavecountlesshoursofhistimeandenergyto　　　authors.”可知,他花费了无数的时间和精力。所以杰夫·扎斯洛是位乐于奉献的导师。故选A。 2.A.helpB.chooseC.findD.train【解析】选A。由下文杰夫·扎斯洛对作者的写作进行指点,可知杰夫·扎斯洛乐于帮助其他作者。3.A.campedB.traveledC.movedD.returned\n【解析】选C。由下文中的“thisnewneighbour”可知,杰夫在作者上中学的时候搬到了作者家附近。4.A.curiousB.shyC.stubbornD.clever【解析】选B。由下文中的“ithelpedmefindmyconfidence”可知,是杰夫·扎斯洛让作者从不自信中走出来,因此,作者以前是个害羞的孩子。5.A.inviteB.knowC.pleaseD.trick【解析】选B。由文中的“askingaboutmyhobbies”可知,杰夫·扎斯洛很想了解作者。6.A.fearB.concernC.suggestionD.sense【解析】选D。由上文中杰夫·扎斯洛主动认识作者,了解作者的兴趣爱好。可知,作者有种感觉:这位新邻居是真地关心我。7.A.treatedB.shapedC.servedD.accepted【解析】选A。由上文中作者害羞及下文中找到自信可知,杰夫·扎斯洛是第一个对待作者像对待同龄人那样的大人。8.A.doubtB.ideaC.planD.impression【解析】选B。“havenoidea”固定用法,意为“不知道”。9.A.systemB.schoolC.professionD.class【解析】选C。由“Atthetime”可知,那时的作者年龄很小,不知道很多东西。所以作者那时候并不知道会走上写作的道路,也不知道杰夫·扎斯洛将会成为作者的导师。10.A.collectB.writeC.publishD.sell【解析】选B。作者进入了写作生涯,所以决定写书。故B项符合文意。11.A.decisionsB.judgmentsC.guidanceD.influence【解析】选C。从下文可以判断出,此时作者在寻求他人的指导(guidance)。\n12.A.reachedoutB.explainedC.gaveinD.came【解析】选A。由下文杰夫·扎斯洛给作者建议,让作者随时打电话给他可知,作者在写书前,为了得到指导向杰夫·扎斯洛寻求帮助。13.A.bookB.nameC.replyD.refusal【解析】选C。由本句中的“Lessthanthreehourslater”以及下文中杰夫·扎斯洛的热情帮助可知,他很快给出了回复。14.A.difficultB.personalC.embarrassingD.thoughtful【解析】选D。由上文中作者视杰夫·扎斯洛为自己的人生导师可知,杰夫·扎斯洛给作者的帮助很大,因此他指导作者写作的时候,问了作者有思想深度的问题。15.A.reliedonB.figuredoutC.dealtwithD.paidfor【解析】选A。由本句中的“hispersonalexampleasareminder”,可知,作者开始写作的时候,杰夫·扎斯洛的作品是作者可以依赖和学习的榜样。16.A.eyeB.legC.familyD.life【解析】选D。由下文中的“missed”可知,杰夫·扎斯洛在车祸中失去了生命。loseone’slife“丧生”。故选D。17.A.opportunityB.abilityC.deadlineD.point【解析】选A。由前文可知,杰夫·扎斯洛在车祸中失去了生命,因此作者没有机会告诉他他对作者产生的影响是多么大。18.A.performanceB.descriptionC.lectureD.lesson【解析】选C。由下文中“duringthetalk”可知,杰夫·扎斯洛再也没有机会做最后一次演讲了。19.A.learnedB.realizedC.expectedD.said\n【解析】选D。根据下文中的“talk”,可知是“不知他要说什么”。20.A.feelB.growC.behaveD.continue【解析】选A。由本句中的“Idon’tknow”和“butIknow”以及下文中的“Hewouldhaveamusedyouwithhumorandencouragedyoutoseekforthemostmeaningfulmomentsinlife”可知,他会用幽默逗你开心,鼓励你寻找人生中最有意义的时刻。演讲的内容是不被其他人所知道的,所以在演讲时,作者不知道他会说些什么,但是作者知道他的演讲给人带来的那种感觉。Ⅲ.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。　　TherewasatimewhenIwasaddictedtoonlinegames.Becauseofthat,mystudywassufferedalot.Insteadforscoldingme,MothergavemeabookbyHelenKellerandaskedmetoreadit.HardlyhaveIfinishedafewpageswhenIwasgreatattractedbyHelenKeller.Despiteherdisability,shedidn’tabandonhopeandachievealot.Thiswasherdeterminationandcouragethatmadeherhugesuccess.　　WhenIfinishedreadingthebook,Motherhadatalkwithme.“YoucanalsoaccomplishwhichHelenKellerdid.”Mother’swordsringinmyearwheneverIseethebook,inspiredmetofacechallengesinlife.答案:　　TherewasatimewhenIwasaddictedtoonlinegames.Becauseofthat,mystudywassufferedalot.Insteadforscoldingme,MothergavemeabookbyHelenKellerandaskedmetoreadit.HardlyhaveIfinishedafewpageswhenIwasgreatattractedbyHelenKeller.Despiteherdisability,shedidn’tabandonhope\nandachievealot.Thiswasherdeterminationandcouragethatmadeherhugesuccess.　　WhenIfinishedreadingthebook,Motherhadatalkwithme.“YoucanalsoaccomplishwhichHelenKellerdid.”Mother’swordsringinmyearwheneverIseethebook,inspiredmetofacechallengesinlife.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者曾经沉迷于网络游戏,学习受到了很大的影响。作者的妈妈没有责骂他,而是给了他一本海伦·凯勒写的书,作者被海伦·凯勒深深吸引住了。同时,妈妈的话激励作者去面对生活中的挑战。1.【解析】第二句suffered→suffering或去掉was。考查动词。suffer不是及物动词,不能用被动语态。此处指当时的情况,可以使用一般过去时,也可以使用过去进行时。故suffered改为suffering或去掉was。2.【解析】第三句for→of。考查介词。insteadof“代替”是固定搭配。故for改为of。3.【解析】第四句have→had。考查固定句型。Hardlyhad...when...“一……就……”是固定句型,主句的动作在从句的谓语动词attracted之前发生,因为从句使用了一般过去时的被动语态,所以主句构成“过去的过去”,构成过去完成时的使用规则。故have改为had。4.【解析】第四句great→greatly。考查副词。修饰动词,应使用副词。故great改为greatly。5.【解析】第五句achieve→achieved。考查动词时态。此处谓语动词与前面didn’t并列,不是与abandon并列,故动词应使用过去式。故achieve改为achieved。6.【解析】第六句This→It。考查固定句型。此处为强调句型,主语用It。故This改为It。7.【解析】第六句在huge前加a。考查冠词。此处success指具体成功的人,所以是可数名词,要加不定冠词,huge是发音以辅音音素开头的词,应使用a。故huge前加a。8.【解析】第八句which→what/all/everything。考查宾语从句。此处在从句中作did的宾语,指“海伦所做的事情”,应使用what引导。which引导定语从句时前面要加先行词。故which改为what或改为all或everything。9.【解析】第九句ear→ears。考查名词复数。此处指“在耳旁回荡”,ear要用复数形式。故ear改为ears。10.【解析】第九句inspired→inspiring。考查非谓语动词。Mother’swords与inspire是逻辑上的主谓关系,应使用现在分词,表主动。故inspired改为inspiring。