全国统考2023高考英语一轮复习练习选修8Unit1Thewrittenword课时作业含解析202303251111

　二十四　选修8　Unit1　Thewrittenword(限时35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2021·安徽模拟)LouiseElisabethGlückisanAmericanpoet.Shewonthe2020NobelPrizeinLiterature.LouiseGlückwasborninNewYorkCity.ShegrewuponLongIsland.Herfather,Daniel,animmigrantfromHungary,helpedinventandmarkettheX-ActoKnife.Glückgraduatedin1961fromGeorgeW.HewlettHighSchool.ShewentontoattendSarahLawrenceCollegeandlaterColumbiaUniversity;however,shedidnotgraduatefromeitherofthem.GlückwonthePulitzerPrizeforPoetryin1993forhercollectionTheWildIris.GlückistherecipientoftheNationalBookCriticsCircleAward,theAcademyofAmericanPoet’sPrize,aswellasnumerousGuggenheimfellowships.ShelivesinCambridge,Massachusetts,andwaspreviouslyaSeniorLecturerinEnglishatWilliamsCollegeinWilliamstown,MA.GlückcurrentlyteachesatYaleUniversity.ShehasalsobeenamemberofthefacultyoftheUniversityoflowaandtaughtatGoddardCollegeinVermont.Glückistheauthoroftwelvebooksofpoetry,including:AVillageLife(2009),Averno(2006),TheSevenAges(2001),VitaNova(1999),Meadowlands(1996),TheWildIris(1992),Ararat(1990),andTheTriumphofAchilles(1985).Thefirstfourbookscollectsherearlypoetry.Glückhasalsopublishedacollectionofessays,ProofsandTheories:EssaysonPoetry(1994).In2001YaleUniversityawardedLouiseGlückitsBollingenPrizeinPoetry.HerotherhonorsincludetheLannanLiteraryAwardforPoetry,theSaraTeasdaleMemorialPrize(Wellesley,1986),theMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyAnniversaryMedal(2000),andfellowshipsfromtheGuggenheimandRockefellerfoundationsandfromtheNationalEndowmentfortheArts.AVillageLife(2009)has\nbeennominated(提名)fortheGriffinPoetryPrize.Thelatestcollection,FaithfulandVirtuousNight,waspublishedinSeptember2014andwontheNationalBookAwardforPoetry.SheisamemberoftheAmericanAcademyandInstituteofArtsandLetters,andin1999waselectedaChancelloroftheAcademyofAmericanPoets.In2003shewasnamedasjudgefortheYaleSeriesofYoungerPoetsandservedinthatpositionthrough2010.GlückwasappointedtheUSPoetLaureatefrom2003—2004,succeedingBillyCollins.【文章大意】本文讲述了美国的女诗人露易丝·格丽克(LouiseGlück)获得了2020诺贝尔文学奖!文章还介绍了露易丝·格丽克的生活经历和主要成就。1.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Glück’schildhood.　　B.Glück’sfamily.C.TheX-ActoKnife.D.Glück’searlylife.【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据第二段内容可知,本段讲述了露易丝·格丽克出生于纽约市,在长岛长大。父亲丹尼尔(Daniel)是匈牙利移民,帮助发明和销售了X-Acto刀。1961年毕业于乔治·休利特高中,后来进入莎拉劳伦斯学院(SarahLawrenceCollege)和哥伦比亚大学(ColumbiaUniversity)学习,然而,她并没有从这两个学校毕业。因此推断本段讲述了LouiseGlück的早年生活。故选D。2.WhenwasGlückgiventhePulitzerPrizeforPoetry?A.In1992.B.In1993.C.In2009.D.In2020.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段的“GlückwonthePulitzerPrizeforPoetryin1993forhercollectionTheWildIris.”可知,1993年,格丽克凭借诗集TheWildIris获得普利策诗歌奖。故选B。3.WhatawarddidFaithfulandVirtuousNightbringGlück?A.The2020NobelPrizeinLiterature.B.TheLannanLiteraryAwardforPoetry.C.TheNationalBookAwardforPoetry.D.TheNationalBookCriticsCircleAward.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Thelatestcollection,Faithfuland\nVirtuousNight,waspublishedinSeptember2014andwontheNationalBookAwardforPoetry.”可知,FaithfulandVirtuousNight获得了国家图书诗歌奖。故选C。4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.BillyCollinsbecametheUSPoetLaureatebeforeGlück.B.Glückdidwellinherstudyduringtheuniversity.C.AVillageLifemadeGlückwintheGriffinPoetryPrize.D.Glückhaspublishedtwentybooksofpoetry.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段的“GlückwasappointedtheUSPoetLaureatefrom2003—2004,succeedingBillyCollins.”可知,比利·柯林斯在格丽克之前是美国的桂冠诗人。故选A。【知识拓展】普利策奖thePulitzerPrizes普利策奖也称为普利策新闻奖。1917年根据美国报业巨头约瑟夫·普利策(JosephPulitzer)的遗愿设立,二十世纪七八十年代已经发展成为美国新闻界的一项最高荣誉奖。现在,不断完善的评选制度已使普利策奖成为全球性的一个奖项,被称为“新闻界的诺贝尔奖”。从最初的新闻奖,普利策奖现在还设立了包括文学、艺术在内的综合奖项,其影响力历久不衰。2020年5月4日,2020年普利策新闻奖公布,新增“音频报道奖”。B(2021·泰安模拟)Samisafourth-yearstudentatHarvardMedicalSchool,butpoetryisstillabigpartofhislife,nowwithanewteacher,RafaelCampo,whobelievespoetrycanbenefiteverydoctor’seducationandwork.Rafaelisaphysician,professorandahighlyrespectedpoet.“Poetryisineveryencounter(邂逅)withmypatients.Ithinkhealingisreallyinaverygreatwayaboutpoetry.Andifwedoanythingwhenwe’rewithourpatients,we’rereallyimmersing(使沉浸于)ourselvesintheirstories,reallyhearingtheirvoices.And,certainly,that’swhatapoemdoes,”hesaid.Rafaelworriesthatsomethingimportanthasbeenlostinmedicineandmedicaleducationtoday:humanity,whichhefindsinpoetry.Toendthat,heleadsaweeklyreadingandwritingworkshopformedicalstudentsandresidents(住院医生).Hethinksmedicaltrainingfocusestoomuchondistancingthedoctorfromhis\norherpatients,andpoemscanhelpclosethatgap.Third-yearresidentAndreaSchwartzwasoneoftheworkshopregulars.Shesaid.“Ithinkthere’snootherprofessionotherthanmedicinethatproducesasmanywritersasitdoes.AndIthinkthatisbecausethere’sjustsomuchpowerindoctorsandpatientsinteractingwhenpatientsareattheirsaddest.”Noteveryonebelievesthat’swhatdoctorsshoulddo,though.Rafaelsaid,“Iwasafraidofhowpeoplemightjudgeme,actually.Inthemedicalprofession,asmanypeopleknow,wemustalwaysputtheemergencyfirst.But,youknow,thatkindoftreatment,ifit’shappeninginthehospital,veryregrettably,sadly,resultsinabadoutcome.Thefamilyissittingbythebedside.Thepatienthasn’tsurvivedthecancer.Don’twestillhavearoleashealersthere?”Inapoemtitled“Health”,Rafaelwritesofthewishtoliveforeverinaworldmadepainlessbyourincurablejoy.Hesayshewillcontinueteachingstudents,helpingpatientsandwritingpoems,hisownbrandofmedicine.【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。诗歌不只是文人墨客的专属,它还为前赴后继的医护人员带来内心的慰藉,它是医护工作中的润滑剂,是治愈伤痛的“良药”。5.WhatdoweknowaboutRafaelCampo?A.Heworksasadoctor.B.Heisundermedicalcare.C.Heisaliteratureprofessor.D.Heknowslittleaboutpoetry.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段Rafaelisaphysician可知,RafaelCampo是一名医生。故选A。6.WhatdoestheauthortrytoshowinParagraph2?A.Theimportanceofmedicaltraining.B.Theeffectofpoetryinmedicaltreatment.C.Thesimilarityinvolvedinpoetryandmedicalwork.D.Thepresentrelationshipbetweenpatientsanddoctors.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段Poetryisineveryencounterwithmy\npatients和that’swhatapoemdoes可知,作者想通过第二段表达诗歌和医护工作的相通之处。故选C。7.WhatdoesAndreaSchwartzthinkofpoetry?A.Itcomfortspatients’family.B.Itcontributestomedicalwork.C.Ithasnothingtodowithdoctors.D.Itkeepsdoctorsawayfrompatients.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据倒数第三段AndIthinkthatisbecausethere’sjustsomuchpowerindoctorsandpatientsinteracting可知,AndreaSchwartz认为诗歌有助于医生和病人之间的互动,医生和病患关系紧密就有助于医疗效果,由此判断出,AndreaSchwartz认为诗歌有利于医疗工作。故选B。8.WhatisRafaelCampo’sviewonpoetry?A.Itrequiresalotofsparetime.B.Itcanprovideausefultoolfordoctors.C.Ithaslittleeffectonpatients’conditions.D.Itshouldbeincludedinemergencytreatments.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段RafaelCampo,whobelievespoetrycanbenefiteverydoctor’seducationandwork及最后一段Hesayshewillcontinueteachingstudents,helpingpatientsandwritingpoems,hisownbrandofmedicine.可知,RafaelCampo认为诗歌对医生来说是一个有用的工具。故选B。【知识拓展】长难句分析AndIthinkthatisbecausethere’sjustsomuchpowerindoctorsandpatientsinteractingwhenpatientsareattheirsaddest.【分析】该句为复合句。think后是宾语从句,从句中because引导的是表语从句,when引导的是时间状语从句。【译文】我认为这是因为当病人最难过的时候,医生和病人之间的互动是如此强大。Ⅱ.完形填空(2021·上海模拟)Dear　1　, 　　Itisthefirsttimeformybelovedsontostepoutofhishomewhereheishappy\nandsafe.Theschoollifeisgoingtobestrangeand　2　tohimforawhile.AndIwishyouwouldtakecareofhimwithenough　3　. 　　Sofar,he’sbeen　4　ofhisownroom.He’sbeenbossofthebackyard.Ihavealwaysbeenaroundtorepairhiswounds,andto　5　hisfeelings. 　　　6　,thingsseemtobedifferentnow.Today,heisrequiredtowalkdownthefrontsteps,saygoodbyetomeandstartonhisgreat　7　thatwillprobablyincludewars,tragedyand　8　.Tolivehislifeintheworldinwhichhehastolivewill　9　faith,loveandcourage. So,World,Iwishyouwouldtakehim　10　hisyounghandandteachhimthingshewillhavetoknow.Teachhim—butgently,ifyoucan.Teachhimthatforeveryscoundrel(恶人),thereisa　11　;thatforeverydishonestpolitician,thereisa　12　leader;thatforeveryenemy,thereisafriend.Teachhimthewondersofbooks.Givehimquiettimeto　13　themysteriesofbirdsinthesky,beesinthesun,andflowersonthegreenhills.Teachhimitisfarmorehonorableto　14　thantocheat.Teachhimtohave　15　inhisownideas,　16　everyoneelsetellshimtheyarewrong.Teachhimto　17　hisstrengthandbrainstothehighestbidder(投标人),butnevertoputapriceonhisheartandsoul.Teachhimtoclosehisearstoa　18　crowd,andtostandand　19　ifhebelieveshe’sright.Teachhimkindly,World,butdon’tspoilhim,becauseonlythe　20　offiremakesfinesteel. 　　Thisisabigorder,World,butseewhatyoucando.Heissuchanicelittlefellow.Yours,Sally【文章大意】这是一封书信。作者爱子心切,以书信的方式希望这个世界能够教导自己深爱着的儿子,亲切地带着善意地教会他必须知道的事情。1.A.World　B.School　C.Headmaster　D.Friend【解析】选A。根据第四段第一句话“So,World,Iwishyouwouldtakehim...”可知,这封信是写给这个世界的。2.A.interestingB.amazing\nC.challengingD.concerning【解析】选C。根据上文“Itisthefirsttimeformybelovedsontostepoutofhishomewhereheishappyandsafe.”可知,作者的儿子第一次走出幸福又安全的家,这个世界对于他来说是奇怪并具有挑战性的。3.A.determinationB.kindnessC.patienceD.courage【解析】选B。根据后文的“Teachhimkindly,World,”和“Teachhim—butgently,”可知,作者希望这个世界能够带着善意,温柔地教导自己的儿子,故选B项kindness,与后文相呼应。4.A.managerB.monitorC.kingD.instructor【解析】选C。根据后面一句“He’sbeenbossofthebackyard.”可知,作者形容自己的儿子是家里后院的老板,她的儿子在自己的房间也肯定“地位很高”,故C项符合语境。5.A.exploreB.containC.expressD.comfort【解析】选D。作者一直在儿子身边帮他疗伤,抚慰他的情绪。6.A.OtherwiseB.ThereforeC.BesidesD.However【解析】选D。作者的儿子在家是王,是老板,作者一直陪伴在他身边。现在,一切都不一样了。上下文是转折关系。7.A.adventureB.experienceC.revolutionD.inspection【解析】选A。根据后文“thatwillprobablyincludewars,tragedy”可知,作者的儿子可能会遇见战争、悲剧。这两样对于他来说应该是一种冒险(adventure)。8.A.sorrowB.reliefC.fortuneD.luck【解析】选A。作者的儿子可能会遇见战争和悲剧,战争和悲剧都是不好的事情,所以A项sorrow(悲伤)符合语境。9.A.weakenB.requireC.strengthenD.increase【解析】选B。作者认为在她的儿子必须生活的世界里过上他自己的生活需要信仰、爱和勇气。\n10.A.atB.inC.onD.by【解析】选D。作者希望这个世界能拉住自己儿子的手,教会他他必须知道的事情。takesb.byhand意为“拉住某人的手”,为固定搭配。11.A.heroB.commanderC.performerD.competitor【解析】选A。根据前文世上有恶人,就有英雄。12.A.powerfulB.faithfulC.distantD.valuable【解析】选B。根据后文“thatforeveryenemy,thereisafriend.”可知,有敌人就有朋友,enemy与friend形成对比,以此类推,世上有恶人就会有英雄。有不诚实的政客就会有忠实的领导者。13.A.reserveB.replaceC.solveD.survive【解析】选C。作者希望这个世界给自己的儿子安静的时间来解开(solve)天空里的鸟、阳光下的蜜蜂和青山上的花的秘密。14.A.respondB.denyC.failD.win【解析】选C。失败(fail)比作弊光彩得多。15.A.mercyB.basisC.reasonsD.confidence【解析】选D。根据语境可知,作者想让这个世界教会她的儿子对自己的想法有信心(confidence),故选D项。16.A.asifB.evenifC.incaseD.forfear【解析】选B。根据前文可知,作者想让这个世界教会她的儿子对自己的想法有信心,即使每个人都告诉他这些想法是错的。17.A.attachB.devoteC.applyD.sell【解析】选D。句意:教会他将自己的长处和头脑卖给(sell)出价最高者,但永远不要出卖自己的心和灵魂。18.A.localB.totalC.fierceD.noisy\n【解析】选D。空处词用来形容crowd(人群),人群应该是吵闹的(noisy)。19.A.affectB.signalC.fightD.bargain【解析】选C。如果他相信自己是对的,就要去(为自己)战斗(fight)。20.A.testB.temperatureC.flameD.spread【解析】选A。根据空后面的“offiremakesfinesteel.”可推测,作者想表达的是只有经过火焰的考验(test)才能锻造出好的钢铁。Ⅲ.语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The2020NobelPeacePrize1.______(go)totheUNWorldFoodProgramme(WFP)onFriday,9October2020.Theagencywasrecognizedforitseffortstofighthungerforitscontributionto2.______(improve)conditionforpeaceinconflict-affectedareasandforactingasadrivingforcetopreventtheuseofhunger3._____aweaponofwarandconflict.TheeffortsofWFPfocusonemergencyassistance,developmentaidandspecialoperations,twothirdsof4.______aremadeinconflict-affectedcountries.Inthosecountries,peoplearethreetimesmorelikelytosufferpoornutrition5.______thoselivingincountrieswithoutconflictdo.DavidBeasley,WFPExecutiveDirector,saidthe6.______(announce)madebytheNorwegianNobelCommitteeturnedtheglobalspotlightonthe690millionpeople7._______(expose)toseverelevelsoffoodinsecurity.“Everyoneofthemhastherighttolivepeacefullyandwithouthunger.”MrBeasleyalsonotedthattheNobelPeacePrizewasnot8._______(simple)WFP’s.Hesaid,“WFPworkscloselywithgovernments,organizationsandindividualswhoseloveforhelpinghungrypeopleequals9.______(we).Wecouldnotpossiblyhelpanyonewithoutthem.Andthedailyworkofourmembers10._______(drive)byourcorevaluesofintegrity(真诚)andhumanity.”【文章大意】本文主要介绍了2020年诺贝尔和平奖颁发给联合国世界粮食计划署的事情。1.【解析】went。考查时态。根据句中的时间状语“onFriday,9October2020”可知,此处描述发生在过去的动作,应用一般过去时。\n2.【解析】improving。考查非谓语动词。contributeto中的to是介词,其后应用动名词。3.【解析】as。考查介词。此处指防止饥饿被用作战争和冲突的武器。根据句意可知,应填as,意为“作为,当作”。4.【解析】which。考查定语从句。此处是“数词+介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,修饰先行词Theefforts,关系代词指物,故用which。5.【解析】than。考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导比较状语从句,故用连词than。6.【解析】announcement。考查词性转换。根据句意及空前的the可知,此处应用名词作宾语从句的主语。7.【解析】exposed。考查非谓语动词。expose和其逻辑主语the690millionpeople之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。8.【解析】simply。考查词性转换。修饰动词was应用副词。9.【解析】ours。考查词性转换。空处在句中作宾语,指ourloveforhelpinghungrypeople,应用名词性物主代词。10.【解析】isdriven。考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观情况,应用一般现在时;drive和主语thedailywork之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;句子主语thedailywork是不可数名词,应用单数。Ⅰ.阅读理解(2021·广州模拟)WhenEdgarAllanPoe,the19thcenturyAmericanwriterbestknowntodayforhishorrorstories,firstintroducedtheworldtohisfictionaldetectiveC.AugusteDupin,hehitonawinningformula.DupinwasSherlockHolmesbeforeSherlockHolmes,ageniusdetectivewhofirstappearedinthestoryof“TheMurdersintheRueMorgue”.ThoughtherootsofthedetectivestorygoasfarbackasShakespeare,Poe’stalesofrationalcrime-solvingcreatedauniquetype.Hisstoriesmixcrimewithadetectivenarrative,invitingreaderstotrytosolvethepuzzletoo.Thekeyfigureinsuchastory,then,isthedetective.Poe’sdetective,Dupinisagentlemanofleisurewhokeepshimselfoccupiedbyusing“analysis”tohelptherealpolicesolvecrimes.Therealpoliceare,ofcourse,absolutely\nincompetent,likeInspectorLestradeandScotlandYardaretoHolmes.LikeHolmes,hesmokesapipeandisunnaturallysmartandrational,akindofsuperherowhousespowersofthinkingtoaccomplishgreattasksofcrime-solving.“TheelementsPoeinvented,suchasthesocially-awkwardgeniusdetective,his‘ordinary’helper,theimpossiblecrime,theincompetentpoliceforce,thelockedroommystery,etc.,havebecomefirmlyfixedinmostmysterynovelsoftoday,”saysEnglishprofessorKaren’Tan.Poe’sformulaappealedinthe19thcenturybecausedetectivestoriespromisedthatreasoningcouldholdtheanswertoeveryquestion.Atthesametime,withmysteriousovertones,theyappealedto19th-centuryreaders’addictiontothemystical.Thedetectivestory,writesbookcriticWilliamMullins,wasparticularlyappealingbecauseitpromisedthat“intellectwillwinout,thecriminalwillbecaughtbytherationaldetective,sciencewilltrackdowntheevil-doerandallowhonestpeopletosleepatnight.”Atthesametime,MacIntyrewrites.19th-centuryanxietiesabouttheIndustrialRevolutionandnewwaysoflivingsupportedtheideathatevilwaseverywhere.Thesetwoinstincts—“people’sincreasingfaithinreasonandmistrustofappearance”arewhat-made19thcenturyreaderslovedetectivestories,alovethatendurestoday.【文章大意】本文主要介绍了以恐怖小说闻名于世的19世纪美国作家EdgarAllanPoe所创作的侦探故事的特色,将其笔下的侦探Dupin与Holmes相对比,以及分析了其小说流行的原因和人们对其侦探小说的看法。1.WhatdowelearnaboutPoe’sfictionaldetectivestories?A.Theycreatedanewstyleofdetectivestorytelling.B.TheyeventuallybecamePoe’smostfamousstories.C.ThemaincharacterwasinspiredbytheSherlockHolmes.D.Dupinwasthefirstdetectivetoappearinafictionalstory.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段ThoughtherootsofthedetectivestorygoasfarbackasShakespeare,Poe’stalesofrationalcrime-solvingcreatedauniquetype.可知,尽管侦探故事的根源可以追溯到莎士比亚,\nPoe的理性破案故事却创造了一种新的侦探故事讲述方式。故选A。2.WhatisDupin’smajorstrengthasadetective?A.Hisexperience.　　　　B.Hisdetermination.C.Hisfearlessness.D.Hisintelligence.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段LikeHolmes,hesmokesapipeandisunnaturallysmartandrational,akindofsuperherowhousespowersofthinkingtoaccomplishgreattasksofcrime-solving.可知,和福尔摩斯一样,他也抽烟斗,非同寻常的聪明和理性,他是一个超级英雄,利用自己的思维能力,完成破案的伟大任务。由此可知,Dupin作为一名侦探的主要优势是他的智慧。故选D。3.WhatcanweinferabouttheDupinandSherlockHolmesstories?A.TheyarebothsetinEngland.B.Theygetreaderstothinkandfind.C.Bothoftheassistantsareincompetent.D.Bothoftheirdetectivesareverysociable.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段Poe’sdetective,Dupinisagentlemanofleisurewhokeepshimselfoccupiedbyusing“analysis”tohelptherealpolicesolvecrimes.可知,Poe笔下的侦探Dupin是一位休闲的绅士,他通过运用“分析”来帮助真正的警察破案。以及后文LikeHolmes,hesmokesapipeandisunnaturallysmartandrational,akindofsuperherowhousespowersofthinkingtoaccomplishgreattasksofcrime-solving.可知,和福尔摩斯一样,他利用思维能力完成了大量的犯罪解决任务。由此可推知,我们能从Dupin和SherlockHolmes的故事中推断出他们让读者去思考和发现。故选B。4.WhatmadedetectivestoriespopularaccordingtoWilliamMullins?A.Readers’growinginterestinthemysteriousplot.B.People’sconcernabouttheincreasinglevelofcrime.C.Thepublic’sconfidenceinthepowerofrationalthought.D.EconomicinsecurityresultingfromtheIndustrialRevolution.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段Thesetwoinstincts—“people’sincreasingfaithinreasonandmistrustofappearance”arewhat-made19thcenturyreaderslovedetectivestories,alovethatendurestoday.可知,这两种本能——“人们越来越相信理性和不信任外表”——让19世纪的读者爱上了侦探小说,\n这种爱一直延续到今天。由此可知,WilliamMullins认为是公众对理性思维力量的信心让侦探小说流行起来的。故选C。【知识拓展】词汇积累1.rational　　　　adj.推理的2.leisuren.休闲3.appealto吸引4.trackdown跟踪5.endurevt.忍受,忍耐Ⅱ.语法填空阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AJapanesemanwhobelieves1._____smilinghasbecometheworld’soldestmale,GuinnessWorldRecordsreports.ChitetsuWatanabewasborninNiigatainnorthernJapanin1907.Hereceivedacertificate2.______(recognize)himastheworld’soldestmanonWednesdayatahealthcarecenterinthecity.Itconfirmedhewas112yearsand344daysold.Theformerrecordholder3.______(be)MasazoNonaka,anotherJapanese,4._______diedlastmonth.Theoldestlivingwoman,KaneTanaka,isalsoJapanese.Sheis117yearsold.Untilabout10yearsago,Watanabedidbonsai,theJapanese5.______(tradition)artofgrowingsmallsculpted(雕刻的)trees.Hisworksappearedatshows6.______(regular).Thesedays,heloveseatingdifferent7.______(dessert),suchassweetcustards,Guinnesssaid.Watanabeattended8.______agriculturalschool,andcompletedastudyprogramthere.HethenmovedtoTaiwantoworkatDai-NipponMeijiSugar.HelivedinTaiwanfor18years.HeandhiswifeMitsuehadfivechildren,Guinnessalsoreported.AftertheendofWorldWarⅡ,WatanabereturnedtoNiigata,Japan.Heworkedforthelocalgovernmentuntilhis9._______(retire).Healsogrewfruitandvegetablesonthefamilyfarm.10.________(ask)aboutthesecrettohislonglife,Watanabesays:Don’tgetangryandkeepsmiling.【文章大意】本文主要介绍了世界上最年长的日本人ChitetsuWatanabe以及他的长寿秘诀。1.【解析】in。考查介词。believein译为“信仰,信任”是固定短语。2.【解析】recognizing。考查非谓语动词。分析句子,简单句中已有动词received,故提示词需用非谓语动词。recognize和逻辑主语之间表示主动伴随关系,应用现在分词。\n3.【解析】was。考查时态。分析句意,此处表示“之前的长寿者”,故此处应用过去时态,且主语为单数。4.【解析】who。考查定语从句。句意:前世界纪录保持者是另一位日本人MasazoNonaka,他于上月去世。分析句子,定语从句部分缺主语,引导词应用关系代词。从句的先行词指人,应填who。5.【解析】traditional。考查词性转换。修饰名词art应用形容词。6.【解析】regularly。考查词性转换。修饰动词appeared,应用副词。7.【解析】desserts。考查名词复数。分析句子,提示词dessert译为“甜品”是可数名词,此处被different修饰,需表示复数。8.【解析】an。考查冠词。泛指一家农业学校,应用不定冠词,又因为agricultural以元音音素开头,应用an。9.【解析】retirement。考查词性转换。形容词性物主代词his修饰名词。10.【解析】Asked。考查非谓语动词。分析句子,提示词所处的分句无主语,故此处需用非谓语动词作状语。同时ask和逻辑主语之间表示被动关系,所以此处需用过去分词作状语。