【火线100天】2022中考英语 基础语法二 冠词

（二）冠词01命题趋势考标导向化近几年中考对冠词的考查重点是不定冠词a和an的区别，定冠词及零冠词。对冠词的习惯用法的考查是主要考点之一，所以对此类用法一定要熟记在心。另外在学习中，应充分重视对最基本的冠词知识的理解、掌握，同时注意冠词活用的问题。做题时要弄清句子中的单数名词、复数名词或不可数名词及泛指、特指等概念。预计2022年命题趋势仍可能是定冠词与不定冠词的区别和冠词的习惯用法。02定义概念清晰化冠词是一种虚词，不能在句子中作独立成分，要用在名词的前面，帮助说明名词所指的人或事物。它不能离开名词而单独存在，因此，可以说冠词就是名词的一种标志。在英语中，冠词分为不定冠词(a和an)和定冠词(the)两种：不定冠词一般用于单数名词前，表示泛指；定冠词既可修饰可数名词(单复数均可)，又可修饰不可数名词，表示特指。03知识归类知识网络化❶不定冠词a(an)分类图解用法例子1.a用在辅音音素前，an用在元音音素前。Thisisausefulbook.Heisanhonestboy.2.用于第一次提到的、表示人或物的可数的单数名词前，表示“一个”，相当于one。HereisamapoftheUnitedStates.Ihaveastorybook.3.用在可数的、单数形式的普通名词前，表示价格、速度、时间、频率等度量上的“每一”等。Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.Wetakecomputerlessonsonceaweek.4.抽象名词在某些情况下可以与不定冠词连用，表示“一种、一场”等。It’sapleasuretohaveachatwithyou.5.用在单数名词前，表示一类人或物中的任何一个。Thesunisastar.Aknifeisusedforcutting.6.用在序数词前表示“又一、再一”等。Hecopiedthearticleathirdtime.7.用于固定短语中。havealook,alotof,haveagoodtime,alittle,afew特例清单1.有些单词虽然是以辅音字母开头，但使用不定冠词an。如：hour和honest以辅音字母h开头，但h并不发音，因此用an。2.有些单词虽然是以元音字母开头，但使用不定冠词a。如：useful和university以元音字母u开头，但u发/ｊｕ/音，故使用a。3.表示成套的东西时，两个并列的名词前只能用一个不定冠词。如：aknifeandfork一套刀叉atableandchair一套桌椅4.不可数名词前一般不用冠词，但如果具体化，表示一个具体的情况、动作或某一类事物时，可以用不定冠词a或an。如：—Haveasmoke?抽支烟吧？—No,thanks.Igaveupsmokinglongtimeago.不了，谢谢，我早戒了。Tomstartedatawalkbutsoonbrokeintoarun.汤姆开始时步行，但一会儿就奔跑起来了。【题组训练】()1.(2022·来宾)—Wouldyoulike____newblueT-shirt，Mary?—Sorry，Mom.Iprefer______orangeone.A.a;aB.a;anC.an;aD.an;an()2.(2022·曲靖)—HaveyouseenthefilmDad，WhereAreWeGoing?—Yes.It’s________interestingone.A.aB.anC.theD./()3.(2022·丽水)Mrs.Smithhas______8-year-olddaughterwhohaswontwonationalpaintingprizes.A.aB.anC.theD.不填()4.(2022·重庆)Ihave______Englishdictionaryandithelpsmealot.A.aB.anC.theD./()5.(2022·镇江)Wecanliveabetterlifeifwecreate________lesspollutedworld.A.theB.anC.aD.不填❷定冠词the分类图解4\n用法例子1.用于谈话双方都清楚的名词前，表示特指。Tom,cometotheblackboard,please.2.用于再次被提到的名词前。Thereisabookonthedesk.ThebookisTom’s.3.和一些名词连用，表示类别。ThelightbulbwasinventedbyEdison.4.用于被形容词、介词短语或定语从句修饰的名词前。Handmethenewbook,please.5.用于形容词的最高级或序数词前。Tomisthetallestinourclass.6.用在世界上独一无二的事物或乐器前。thesun,themoon,playthepiano7.用于姓氏的复数前表示“一家人”或“夫妇”。TheTurnersareatbreakfasttable.8.与某些形容词连用表示一类人或事物。Theyoungshouldhelptheold.9.用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前。theGreatWall,theUnitedStates10.用于一些固定短语中。bytheway,intheend【题组训练】()6.(2022·永州)Thelittlegirlbegantoplay_____violinattheageoffive.A.aB.theC.不填()7.(2022·十堰)—Canyouplay______guitar?—Sure.It’sapieceofcakeforme.A.aB.anC.theD./()8.(2022·嘉兴)—What’sthematterwithyou?—Ican’trememberwhereIparked_________car.A.aB.anC.theD.不填()9.(2022·淮安)Beijingisoneof_______biggestcitiesinChina.A.aB.anC.theD./()10.(2022·威海)Mom，Ilike_______greenT-shirt.Couldyoubuyitforme？A.aB.anC.theD.不填❸不用冠词的情况分类图解用法例子1.在专有名词或不可数名词前。Paperismadeofwood.2.名词前有指示代词、物主代词或不定代词作定语。Goalongthisroad.EverystudentlikesEnglishinourclass.3.复数名词表示一类人或事物时。Myparentsareteachers.4.在节日、日期、月份、季节前。TodayisChildren’sDay.It’shotinsummer.5.在一日三餐、球类运动、学科的名词前。Hewenttoschoolwithoutbreakfast.Let’splayfootballafterschool.6.在某些固定短语中。inbed,inhospital,onfoot,atschool特例清单1.如果三餐名词之前有定语修饰时，可加不定冠词。如：Wehadawonderfullunch.我们吃了一顿很好的午餐。Hegavemeagoodsupper.他请我吃了一顿丰盛的晚餐。2.如果特指某顿饭时，可加定冠词。如：Thesupperwasdifferentfromthatone.这顿饭和那顿饭不同。Howdidyoulikethedinnertheygave?你们觉得他们提供的饭怎么样？3.如果季节、月份或日期名词被一个限定词修饰时，前面可加定冠词。如：HecametoBeijinginthewinterof1999.他是1999年冬天来北京的。IboughtthebikeintheMayof2022.这辆自行车是我2022年的5月份买的。4.由festival组成的中国特有的节日前要加定冠词the。如：theSpringFestival春节；theLanternFestival元宵节。5.某些短语中有无冠词the，意义会大不相同。如：(1)gotoschool去上学；gototheschool到(所指)的学校去(2)attable用餐，在吃饭；atthetable在桌边(3)inhospital生病住院；inthehospital在医院里(并非生病住院)(4)infrontof在……前面(范围之外)；inthefrontof在……前部(范围之内)4\n(5)bysea(=byship)乘船，走水路；bythesea在海边(6)inclass在上课；intheclass在班上(7)inplaceof替代；intheplaceof在……地方【题组训练】()11.(2022·内江)—Wouldyouliketocometomypartythisafternoon?—I’dliketo，butmymotherisillin____hospital，Iwillgoto____hospitaltoseeher.A.不填;aB.a;theC.the；theD.不填;the()12.(2022·兰州)Shelikesplaying_____piano;herbrotherlikesplaying_____basketball.A.the;aB.a:theC./;theD.the;/()13.(2022·邵阳)TheyoungmaninabluecoatismyPEteacher.Heoftenplays_________basketballwithus.A.theB.aC./()14.(2022·泰州)LuJailed，14，from______HangzhouForeignLanguageSchool，won_________firstplaceintheCCTVCharacterSpellingContest(中国汉字听写大会).A./;theB.a;theC.a;aD./;a()15.(2022·广东)EricisnotgoingtoNanjingby______plane.Instead，heistaking_________train.A./;aB.a;/C.a;theD.the;a04整合集训反馈层级化()1.Davidisfrom_____Europeancountryandheis_______honestboy.A.a;aB.a;anC.an;aD.an;an()2.Beijingis_____capitalofChinaanditis_____citywithmanyplacesofinterest.A.a;aB.a;theC.the;aD.the;the()3.—Wouldyoulikesomedumplingsfor______supper?—Butwejusthaddumplingson_______Tuesday.A.a;theB.the;aC.a;aD./;/()4.—WhatwasProfessorWangdoingatthistimeyesterday?—Shewasgivingherstudents____lessonon____history.A.a;/B.a;anC.the;theD.the;a()5._____WhiteswerewatchingTVwhen_____telephonerang.A.A;aB.A;theC.The;theD./;a()6.—Whydidyoulaughjustnow?—Dadwantedtotellme____veryfunnystory,butheforgot____endhimself.A.a;anB.an;theC.the;aD.a;the()7.—Howwas______dinneratMike’shouse?—Itwasgreat.Mike’smumis______wonderfulcook.A.a;theB.the;aC.the;theD.a;an()8.Hehastriedtwice,andheisaskedtohave______thirdtry.A.theB.aC.anD./()9.—Excuseme.Doyouhaveanybooksabout_____moon?—Yes,theyareon______shelfoverthere.A.a;aB.a;theC.the;/D.the;the()10.Ilikeplaying____chess,whilemybrotherisinterestedinlisteningto_____music.A./;/B.the;theC.the;/D.a;the()11.Thereis_____airportinourcity,anditis_____firstoneinourprovince.A.a;theB.an;/C.a;/D.an;the()12.—There’s_____ballontheground.Wouldyoupleasepass______balltome?—Withpleasure.A.the;theB.the;aC.a;aD.a;the()13.Wehaveraisedalotofmoneyfor_____poorinourcountry.A.anB./C.aD.the()14.Weusuallygoto____schoolonweekdays,andsometimesgoto_____cinemaatweekends.A./;theB.the;theC.the;/D./;/()15.—Howlongdoesittakeustogotoyourhometownfromhere?—Ittakesyou______hourormoretogotomyhometownby_______train.A.an;aB.a;aC.an;/D.a;/()16.—Wherearemyshoes,Mum?—I’vewashedthemforyou.Youhavetowear_____differentpair.A.theB.aC.anD./4\n()17.—Look!Thereis____usefulbookonthedesk.—_____bookmustbeLucy’s.Shelefttherejustnow.A.a;TheB.the;TheC.an;TheD.an;A()18.—CanXieXiaojunplay_____piano?—Yes.Shecanplayalittle.Shehasmade_____decisiontolearntoplaymoremusic.A.the;theB.a;aC.a;anD.the;a()19.—Ihavegot_____AformyEnglishMummy.—Oh,boy,youhavereallygivenme_______pleasantsurprise.A.an;/B.an;aC.a;theD.a;/()20.—Manyyoungpeopleareinterestedin_____secretsbehindLiuQian’smagic.—Me,too.Ithinkhehas______creativemind.A./;aB./;theC.the;aD.the;the()21.—What______badweatheritistoday!—Yes,_______weathermakesmesosad.A.a;aB./;theC.an;theD.the;a()22.—Youknow,YaoMingusedtobe____NBAplayer,butnowheis______boss.—Nomatterwhathedoes,Ilikehimverymuch.A.a;anB.an;aC.a;aD.an;an()23.—HowdoyouknowMr.Blackis______officer,Mary?—Fromhisclothes.He’swearing_____uniformtoday.A.an;anB.an;aC.a;anD.a;a()24.Stopshoutingintheclassroom,littleMichael.Don’tbe______impoliteboy!A.aB.anC.theD./()25.—HaveyoueverbeentoTaiwan?—Yes.Itis_____largestislandinChina.It’s____wonderfulplacetotravel.A.a;aB.the;aC.a;theD.the;the4参考答案：(二)冠词题组训练1—5BBBBC6—10BCCCC11—15DDCAA整合集训1—5BCDAC6—10DBBDA11—15DDDAC16—20BADBC21—25BBBBB4