黑龙江省大庆外国语学校高一英语 语法复习 连词时态
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黑龙江省大庆外国语学校高一英语语法复习连词时态3.1知识精练Fillintheblankswiththegivenwordsinthetext.Changetheirformifnecessary.knowcomposechangegotalentimpressmusicpopularencourageHaydn,Mozart,Beethovenwerealltheworldfamousmusicians.Haydnis________________as“thefatherofthesymphony”.He________________othercomposers’symphoniesintoalongpieceforalargeorchestra.Mozarthad________________talentfromanearlyage.Hestarted________________musicwhenhewasfive.WhenHaydnmethimfirst,hewasdeeply________________withMozart’s________________.WhenHaydnmetBeethoven,he________________BeethoventoVienna.LaterBeethovenbecamevery________________inAustriancapital.Hecomposedmanyfamouspiecesevenafterhebeganto________________deaf.答案:knownchangedmusicalcomposingimpressedtalentencouragedpopulargo3.2典例剖析A.例题分析【例1】HemovedtoAmericawithhisparents________________.A.inhisteensB.inhistens C.intheteensD.inthetens解析:在某人十几岁时,用inone’steens而不是inone’stens。中间用物主代词,不用定冠词。inthe1990s(二十世纪九十年代),表达年代用定冠词the。答案:A【例2】Smithisa________________nameinEnglish-speakingcountries.A.common B.ordinary C.usual D.formal解析:(1)common常见的,普遍的Thisiscommonsenseandeveryoneknowsit.这是常识,大家都知道。(2)ordinary普通的,平常的Mostofusareordinarypeople.我们大多数都是平常人。(3)usual通常的,经常的(多用来指行为,习惯)。asusual和平常一样Ourheadteachercametoschoolearlyasusual.我们的班主任和平时一样早早来到学校。答案:A【例3】________________theredpaintwithblue,youwillgetanotherkindofbeautifulpaintofdifferentcolor.A.MixedB.Mixing C.MixD.Tomix解析:此处主语是you,所以mix这个动作应是主动含义。所以用现在分词作状语。mix可作及物动词或不及物动词。答案:BYoucan’tmixwaterandoilbecausetheydon’tmix.你不能把水和油混合在一起,因为它们不相融合。【例4】Ilikeplaying________________,butIdon’tlikeplaying________________.A.basketball;musicalinstrumentsB.basketball;musicalinstrumentC.thebasketball;themusicalinstrumentD.abasketball;amusicalinstrument解析:打球不用冠词;弹某种乐器,乐器前用定冠词the。答案:A【例5】Thepresident’sspeechwasreally________________andmostpeoplewere________________byit.A.encouraging;encouragedB.encouraged;encouragingC.encourage;courageousD.courageous;encouraged解析:像excite,interest,please,satisfy,frighten,move,bore,tire等及物动词都可以加-ing或-ed构成形容词,有时也称为现在分词或过去分词。-ing形式表示主动含义,-ed形式表示被动含义。答案:A【例6】Theman________________bytheleaderatthemeetingismygoodfriend.A.refertoB.referringtoC.referredtoD.referabout解析:此处referredto是过去分词作定语,可以改为定语从句whowasreferredtobytheleaderatthemeeting。referto意思是“提到,谈到;参考,查阅”。答案:CB.错例分析1.误:WemadeXiaoWangthemonitorofourclass.正:WemadeXiaoWangmonitorofourclass.解析:当某些名词如captain,chairman,president,director,monitor,headmaster等作主语补足语、宾语补足语、表语补足语或同位语时,表示正式的或独一无二的头衔或职位时,前面一般不带冠词。例如:Hewaschosenheadmasterofthisschool.他被选为这个学校的校长。2.误:ChairmanMaoiswellknownforagreatleader.10正:ChairmanMaoiswellknownasagreatleader.解析:bewellknownas…意为“作为……而著名”,其后的名词多表示一个人的身份、职业等;bewellknownfor…意为“因……而著名”,其后多接表示某个人或物的特点、特长等方面的词语;bewellknownto意为“为……所知道”其后多接表示人的词语;bewellknownin意为“在某地很著名”。例如:(1)Guiliniswellknown________________itsbeautifulmountainsandrivers.A.asB.for C.toD.in答案:B(2)Don’tusewords,expressionsorphrases________________onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknown C.tobeknownD.known答案:D3.误:Discoveringawell,theymadetheircampthere.正:Havingdiscoveredawell,theymadetheircampthere.解析:-ing形式的主动语态分为一般式和完成式两种。-ing形式一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作一般同时进行,而完成式所表示的动作则在谓语动词所表示的动作之前已经完成了。例如:(1)________________theirwork,theyhadarest.A.FinishingB.Finished C.BeingfinishedD.Havingfinished答案:D(2)________________suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynotbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.A.HavingsufferedB.Suffering C.TosufferD.Suffered答案:A4.误:Boblikesplayingthechess.正:Boblikesplayingchess.解析:一般而言,球类运动、棋类游戏等名称前不用冠词thea(an)。例如:playfootball;playchess(bridge);而乐器名称前用the。例如:Icanplaythepiano.5.误:Itwasintheparkwherehemetanoldfriendyesterday.正:Itwasintheparkthathemetanoldfriendyesterday.解析:这是一个强调句型,其结构是“Itis/was+被强调部分+that-clause”。例如:(1)ItwasinGreece________________thatOlympiccompetitionsstarted.(2)Itwashowtheyoungmanhadlearnedfiveforeignlanguages________________attractedtheaudience’sinterest.A.sothatB.that C.whatD.inwhich答案:B(3)Itwasforthisreason________________herunclemovedoutofNewYorkandsettleddowninasmallvillage.A.whichB.why C.thatD.how答案:C6.误:MyteacherencouragedmetospeakingEnglish.正:MyteacherencouragedmetospeakEnglish.解析:鼓励某人干某事:encouragesb.todosth.在某一方面鼓励某人:encouragesb.insth.例如:Iencouragehiminhisstudy.我鼓励他好好学习。7.误:Thesongispopularinstudents.正:Thesongispopularwithstudents.解析:popularwithsb.某人所喜爱、赞赏或欢迎的。例如:Amanwhoispopularwithhisneighbors.一位受邻居欢迎的人。8.误:Hewentalmostmadlywhenheheardthenews.正:Hewentalmostmadwhenheheardthenews.解析:go为连系动词,其后接形容词作表语。例如:gohungry挨饿gomad疯了gowrong机器坏了gocold变冷goblind变瞎gowild发狂C.知识点精析1.AfterstudyingmusicinVienna,HaydnwenttoworkatthecourtofaprinceinEasternAustria,…解析:after一词有多种意思和用法。本课中after用作介词,接动名词或名词。例如:(1)AftervisitingIndia,theBeatleschangedtheirinstruments.参观印度以后,甲壳虫乐队换了乐器。(2)Aftergraduation,heworkedthereasalecturer.毕业以后,他在那里当讲师。除此之外,after还作连词。例如:(3)AftertheBeatlesvisitedIndia,theychangedtheirinstruments.(4)Afterhegraduated,heworkedthereasalecturer.2.Hechangedthesymphonyintoalongpieceforalargeorchestra.解析:change…into/to“改变、变化、使变成……”。例如:(1)Thetrafficlightschangedfromredtogreen.交通灯从红色变成绿色。(2)Thewitchchangedtheprinceintoafrog.巫婆把王子变成了青蛙。3.HewasborninavillageinAustria,thesonofapeasant.解析:thesonofapeasant是he的同位语,是对he的进一步说明。例如:(1)AbrahamLincoln,thesonofapoorfamily,wasborninKentuckyonFebruary1012,1809.(2)LinCheng,16,asenior2middleschoolstudentfromFujing,wonagoldmedalinthecompetition.4.Whilehewasstillateenager,MozartwasalreadyabigstarandtouredEuropegivingconcerts.解析:(1)while作连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“当……时候”。例如:MywifekeptsilentwhileIwaswriting.当我写字的时候,我的夫人就默不作声。(2)引导让步状语从句,相当于although“虽然、尽管”。例如:WhileIlikethecolorofthehat,Idonotlikeitsshape.(3)连接并列结构的句子,表示对比、转折,意为“而”。例如:HeisaworkerwhileIamadoctor.5.Helearnedtoplaytheharpsichordwhenhewasfour.解析:learntodosth.意为“学会干某事”。例如:learntoswim,totalk,tofly学会游泳、说话、飞行。6.forthefirsttime“首次、第一次”。它表示有生以来或一段时间中第一次做某事,在句中作状语。解析:time意为“次、次数”forthefirst/lasttime“第一(最后一)回”。例如:Helovedherwhenhemetherforthefirsttime.HewasinvitedtoBeijingforthefirsttimethatyear.7.trytodosth.和trydoingsth.解析:trytodosth.意为“努力干……;企图干……”。例如:(1)Wetrytocatchupwiththem.我们努力赶上他们。而trydoingsth.“试着干……或尝试着干……”例如:(2)—Iusuallygotoschoolonfoot.—Whynot________________therebybikeforachange.A.managetogo B.trytogo C.tomanagegoing D.trygoing答案:D8.Aftergraduation,heworkedthereasadoctor.解析:workas意为“充当、担任”。例如:Heworksasateachernow.他现在当老师。9.Since1993,hehasworkedpartofthetimeinBeijingandpartofthetimeintheUS.解析:partof指事物的“一部分”,可能超过一半或一半以下或仅占一份。apartof指某物的“一小部分”,常指一半以下,agreatpart或greatpart意义相同,意为“一部分”,但不一定是一半以上,若表示一半以上应用thegreatpartof,apartof,partof或(a)greatpartof,作主语时,谓语动词要与of的宾语保持一致。例如:(1)ApartofvegetablesarecarriedfromtheSouth.一部分蔬菜是从南方运来的。(2)Partofrainwasstoredinthewatercellar.部分雨水被储存在水窖里。10.ReadingfromyournotesinEnglishisalsohelpful.解析:of+抽象名词相当于形容词。例如:awomanofwealth相当于awealthywoman有钱的女人awomanofwisdom相当于awisewoman聪明的女人awomanoflearning相当于alearnedwoman有学识的女人3.3语法指导1.when,as,while引导时间状语从句(1)when表示某个具体时间,所引导从句的动作或是与主句的动作同时发生,或是先于主句的动作。when指一段时间,也可指时间点,既可以表示一时性动作,又可以表示持续性动作。as所表示的动作与主句的动作同时发生,具有持续的含义,一般同持续性动词连用。while只能表示持续行动的动作或状态,不能表示一时性或短暂的动作。as和while可译为“一边……一边……,正当……的时候”。例如:Heenteredtheroomwhen(while,as)themeetingwasgoingon.正当开会的时候他走进了房间。(指一段时间)Whenshecomes,Ishalltellhertowaitforyou.她来的时候,我会告诉她让她等你的。(指时间点,不能用while)While(As)Jimwasreading,Jackwaswriting.吉姆阅读的时候,杰克在写东西。(指一段时间)As(When)hefinishedthespeech,theaudienceburstintoapplause.他讲话结束的时候,听众掌声雷动。(指一点时间,不能用while)Iwaswalkingalongtheroadwhensuddenlysomeonepattedmeontheshoulderfrombehind.我正在路上走着,这时忽然有人从后面拍拍我的肩膀。(这句中的when引导的从句相当于一个由and连接的并列分句,这里只能用when,意为“在那时,然后”等)Note:while还可以作并列连词,引导并列分句,相当于whereas,表示对比,可以为“……而……,……但是……”,有时相当于although(尽管)。例如:IamfondofEnglishwhilehelikesmaths.我喜欢英语,而他却喜欢数学。(此句中不能用when或as)WhileIadmitthattheproblemisdifficult,Idon’tthinkthatitcan’tbesolved.尽管我承认这个问题很难,但我并不认为无法解决。(2)when有时表示“虽然,尽管”的含义,相当于although;有时具有“既然考虑到”的含义,相当于since;when还可作“如果”解,相当于if。例如:10Hewalkedwhenhemighttakeataxi.尽管他可以乘出租车,不过他还是步行。HowcanIhelpthemwhentheywon’tlistentome?既然他们不听我的话,我怎么帮助他们呢?注意:比较until和till 此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是“做某事直至某时”,动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是“直至某时才做某事”。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。 肯定句:Isleptuntilmidnight.我一直睡到半夜时醒了。 WaittillIcallyou.等着我叫你。 (在肯定句中可用before代替。例如:Let'sgetinthewheatbeforethesunsets.) 否定句:Shedidn'tarriveuntil6o'clock.她直到6点才到。 Don'tgetoffthebusuntilithasstopped.公共汽车停稳后再下车。 Ididn'tmanagetodoituntilyouhadexplainedhow.直到你教我后,我才会做。 区别:1)until可用于句首,而till通常不用于句首。 例如:Untilyoutoldme,Ihadheardnothingofwhathappened. 直到你告诉我以前,出了什么事我一点也不知道。 3)untilwhen疑问句中,until要放在句首。例如: ---Untilwhenareyoustaying? 你呆到什么时候? ---UntilnextMonday. 呆到下周一。 注意:否定句可用另外两种句式表示。 4)Notuntil…在句首,主句用倒装。 例如:Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcenturydidmanknowwhatheatis. 直到19世纪初,人类才知道热为何物。 NotuntilIbegantoworkdidIrealizehowmuchtimeIhadwasted. 直到工作,才认识到我已蹉跎了许多岁月。 5)Itisnotuntil…that…. 例如:ItwasnotuntilIbegantoworkthatIrealizedhowmuchtimeIhadwasted. 6)表示“一……就……”的结构 hardly/scarcely…when/before,nosooner…than 和assoonas都可以表示“一……就……”的意思。例如: Ihadhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.刚回家,就下起雨来了。 Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain. AssoonasIgothome,itbegantorain. 注意:如果hardly,scarcely或nosooner置于句首,句子必须用倒装结构。例如: Hardly/ScarcelyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain. NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.练习:在下列各句的空格中填入适当的连词1._________hecomestomorrow,Ishallaskwherehehasbeen.2._________hewasspeaking,everybodylistenedcarefully.3.Isawherjust_________shewasgettingoffthetrain.4.Haveagoodlookatthatman_________youpasshim.5.Itwasalreadyeighto'clock_________wegotthere.6.Iwasabouttogoout_________avisitorcame.7.We'llgotothecountryatthebeginningofJune,______thesummerharvestwillstart.8.HelearnedtospeakGerman_________hewasinBerlin.9.Henryisinchargeoftheoffice________Mr.Smithisaway.10.Ilistentotherecorder_________Ihavetime.11.HehadlearnedChinese_________hecametoChina.12._________theworkwasdone,wesatdowntosumupexperience.13.Ihaven'tseenhim_________hemovedtotheothersideofthetown.14.Iwaited________hecameback.15.Itwasnot________hetookoffhiseyeglassesthatIrecognizedhim.16.Shelikeseverythingtobeinplace________shestartstowork.17.Thethievesranaway_________theycaughtsightofthepolice.18.Theydecidedtogobackhome_________theirmoneyranout.19.Weplayedoutsidetillsunset,_________itbegantorain。20.__________Igettotheairport,Iwillphoneyoutopickmeup.21.Theywereabouttoleave______itbegantorain.22.Healwaysstayinbed______lunchtime.23.Ilikeplayingtennis_________myyoungersisterpreferswatchingballgames.24._________Iunderstandyourviewpoint,Idon’tagreewithyou.25._______shegrewolder,shebecamemoreresponsible.Key:一、1.When2.While/When3.as4.when/as 5.when6.when7.when 8.while 9.while 10.whenever 11.before 12.After13.since 14.till/until 15.until16.before 17.assoonas 18.before19.when 20.Assoonas 21.when 22.until 23.while 24.While25.As2.过去完成时10(1)表示在过去某个动作或某个具体时间之前已经发生、完成的动作或情况。例如:TheyhadgoteverythingreadybeforeIcame.在我来之前,他们已经把一切准备好了。Icouldseefromherfacethatshehadreceivedsomegoodnews.从她的脸上我可以看出她有什么高兴事儿。(2)过去完成时常用在有“hardly(scarcely)…when…,nosooner…than…”等的句子中。例如:Shehadhardly(scarcely)gonetobedwhenthebellrang.她刚刚睡下铃就响了。Nosooner________________theyleftthebuilding________________abombexploded.A.have;thanB.had;whenC.did;asD.had;than(D项正确。他们刚刚离开那座大楼,炸弹就爆炸了。)(3)intend,mean,hope,want,plan,suppose,expect,think等动词的过去完成时可以用来表示本来打算做而没有做的事。这种用法也可表示过去未曾实现的设想,意图或希望等,含有某种惋惜。例如:Ihadintendedtocallonyouyesterday,butsomeonecametoseemejustwhenIwasabouttoleave.我本来昨天要去看你的,但是刚要出门就有人来访。Wehadmeanttotellherthenewsbutfoundthatshewasn’tin.我们本想把这消息告诉她的,但是发现她不在家。Latersheexplained:“Ihadthoughtthathehaddiedtenyearsago,butnowIknowthatheisstillliving.”(我本以为……)Ihadwantedtoinvitehertotheparty.(我本来要……)下面两句意思相同:Hehadwantedtohelpyoubuthehadnotimethen.Hewantedtohavehelpedyoubuthehadnotimethen.他本想帮助你的,但当时没有时间。Note:①after从句表示过去时间的动作先后关系时,可用一般过去时或过去完成时。例如:Junewentouttotheparkaftershehadread(或read)thepaper.②when从句表示过去时间时,有时一般过去时和过去完成时可换用。例如:Whentheteacherhadarrived(或arrived),theystoppedtalking.③before从句表示过去时间时,主语中上述两种时态可换用。例如:Beforehecame,hehaddiscussed(或discussed)itwiththemanager.表示“过去的将来”某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。例如:Shemadeuphermindtogoontryinguntilshehadsucceeded.Theplanewouldtakeoffassoonasithadstoppedraining.一、过去完成时与现在完成时的区别 现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去,以现在的时间为基点,但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响,与现在有关,其结构为“助动词have(has)+过去分词”;过去完成时则是一个相对的时态,已过去时间为基点,它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去,更强调“过去的过去”,只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时,才用到它。 比较:Ihavelearned1000Englishwordssofar.到目前为止我已经学会了1000个英语单词。Ihadlearned1000Englishwordstillthen.到那时为止我已经学会了1000个英语单词。 —I'msorrytokeepyouwaiting.对不起,让你久等了。 —Oh,notatall.Ihavebeenhereonlyafewminutes.没什么,我只等了几分钟。(“等”的动作从过去某一时间点持续到现在)二、过去完成时与一般过去时的区别 虽然这两种时态都表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,但在使用时应注意以下几点: 1.时间状语不同:过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去”;而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间。比较:Theyhadarrivedatthestationbytenyesterday./Theyarrivedatthestationattenyesterday. 2.在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时,谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断:先发生的用过去完成时,后发生的则用一般过去时。Shewasveryhappy.Herwholefamilywerepleasedwithher,too.Shehadjustwonthefirstinthecompositioncompetition. 3.当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用and或but连接时,按时间顺序,只需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时;另外,在before,after,assoonas引导的从句中,由于这些连词本身已经表示出时间的先后,因此也可以用过去时来代替过去完成时。 Heenteredtheroom,turnedonthelightandreadaneveningpaper.Fillintheblanksaccordingtothemeaningsofthesentencesbyusingtensesoftheverbs. 1.HowmanyEnglishsongs___________she__________(learn)bytheendoflastmonth? 2.Hardly_______I______(get)onthebuswhenitstartedtomove 3.He__________________(read)thebookbeforehewastenyearsold. 4.Shesaidshe___________________(see)thefilmbefore.10 5.OurEnglishteacher_________________(teach)EnglishinGuangxifortenyearsbeforehecametoNo.113MiddleSchool. 6.Bytheendoflastmonth,they_________________(complete)thebridge. 7.Nosooner________I_______(go)outthanhecametoseeme. 9.Theclassroom_______________(clean)beforewe___________(get)thereyesterday. 10.________theboy___________(finish)hishomeworkbeforeyousawhim? 11.Whenwegottothestation,thetrain_____________already_____________.(leave) 12.Thebook__________bytheendoflastmonth.(finish) 13.WhenIgotbacktotheshop,mybag_________________(take)awaybysomeoneelse. 14.WhenIarrivedatthecinema,thefilm_________________(be)onfortenminutes. 15.---What’sthatterriblenoise? ---Theneighbors______(prepare)foraparty. 16.ThemayorofBeijingsaysthatallconstructionworkfortheBeijingOlympics______(complete)by2022. 17.Theteacher,with6girlsand8boysofherclass,______(visit)amuseumwhentheearthquakestruck. 18.---Mr.Johnsondidn’tturnupatthemeetingyesterdaymorning,didhe? ---No.We__________(wait)tilltwelveo’clock.Awholemorningwaswasted. 19.---Whyhaven’tyouaskedhertocomehere?---She_______(do)animportantexperimentwhenIfoundherandshe________(not,finish)it. Keys:1.hadlearnt2.hadgot3.hadread4.hadseen5.hadtaught6.hadcompleted7.hadgone9.hadbeencleaned,got10.Hadfinished11.hadleft12.hadbeenfinished13.hadbeentaken14.hadbeenon15.arepreparing16.willhavebeencompleted17.wasvisiting18.werewaiting19.wasdoing,hasn’tfinished周测试题I从A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。1.Itwasquiet________thosebigtrucksstartedcomingthroughthetown.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.unless 2.Itseemedonlyseconds________theboyfinishedwashinghisface.A.whenB.beforeC.afterD.evenif3.Hardlyhadhereachedtheschoolgate________thebellrang.A.whileB.whenC.asD.assoonas 4.________youbegin,Ithinkyoumustcontinue.A.WhenB.WheneverC.Once D.Evenif5.Irecognizedyou________Isawyouattheairport.A.themomentB.whileC.afterD.once 6.Hewasabouttogotobed________thedoorbellrang.A.whileB.asC.beforeD.when7.________Ilistentoyouradvice,Igetintotrouble.A.EverytimeB.WhenC.WhileD.Until8._____JohnwaswatchingTV,hiswifewascooking.A.AsB.AssoonasC.WhileD.Till9.Thechildrenranawayfromtheorchard(果园)______theysawtheguard.A.themomentB.afterC.beforeD.as10.NosoonerhadIarrivedhome_____itbegantorain.A.whenB.whileC.asD.than1.C2.B3.B4.C5.A6.D7.A8.C9.A10.DII.MultipleChoices. 1.IlostthedictionaryI________. A.haveboughtB.boughtC.hadboughtD.hadbeenbought 2.Thetrainhadgonewhenmybrother_______atthestation. A.havearrivedB.arrivedC.hadarrivedD.amarriving 3.Mary_______ofvisitinghergrandmother,butthebadweathermadeherchangehermind.A.hasthoughtB.thoughtC.hadthoughtD.hadbeenthought 4.------DidyoumeetTomattheairport?------No,he_______bythetimeI______there. A.hasleft;gotB.hadleft;arrivedC.left;arrivedD.left;hadgot 5.-------Whydidn’tTomattendthemeetingyesterday?-------He__________Beijing. A.hasgonetoB.hadgonetoC.wenttoD.hadbeento 6.-------I_______tocometohelpyou.------Butyoudidn’tcome. A.havemeantB.hadmeantC.meantD.willmean 7.Finallyoneofmyfriends_______byBeijingUniversity,forwhichshe___fivetimesA.wereadmitted;hadtriedB.wasadmitted;hadtriedC.wereadmitted;hastriedD.wasadmitted;tried8.------Ihaveboughtyouthebooksyouwant.10------Oh,good,I_______afraidyouhadforgotten. A.wasB.amC.hadbeenD.havebeen 9.We_________fourthousandnewwordsbytheendoflastyear. A.hadlearnedB.havelearnedC.learnedD.willhavelearned 10.Helen_______herkeysintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband______home. A.hasleft;comesB.left;hadcomeC.hadleft;cameD.hadleft;wouldcome 11.Myfather_________tothehospitalwhenIhurriedhome. A.hadgoneB.wentC.hadbeentakenD.hadbeensent 12.-----Jim,________you_________yourhomework? -----Yes,ofcourse,butI________itlatebedtime. A.dodo;finishedB.diddo;hadfinishedC.havedone;hadfinishedD.havedone;finished 13.You____footballafterschool.Whynotgohomeanddoyourhomeworkfirst? A.alwaysplayedB.arealwaysplayingC.havealwaysplayedD.havealwaysbeenplaying14.EversincePicasso’spaintingwentonexhibit,there____largecrowdsatthemuseumeveryday.A.isB.hasbeenC.havebeenD.hadbeen15.---Whatdoyouthinkofmysuggestion?---Sorry.What’sthat?I_____aboutsomethingelse.A.wasthinkingB.thoughtC.amthinkingD.hadthoughtⅠ.1-5CBCBB6-10BBAAC11-15.DDBCAIII时态易混题1.(2022北京卷)—_____DavidandVicky______married?—Foraboutthreeyears.AHowlongwere;beingBHowlonghave;got CHowlonghave;been DHowlongdid;get2.(2022福建卷)Shehassetanewrecord,thatis,salesofherlatestbook_______50million.A.havereachedB.hasreachedC.arereachingD.hadreached3.(2022北京卷)Scientiststhinkthatthecontinents________alwayswherethey______today.A.aren’t;areB.aren’t;wereC.weren’t;areD.weren’t;were4.(2022江苏卷)They________ontheprogramforalmostoneweekbeforeIjoinedthem,andnowwe________itasnogoodresultshavecomeoutsofar.A.hadbeenworking;arestillworkingB.hadworked;werestillworkingC.haveworked;werestillworkingD.haveworked;arestillworking5.(2022山东卷)Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodearth________eachyear.A.iswashingawayB.isbeingwashedawayC.arewashingawayD.arebeingwashedaway6.(2022湖北卷)Whentheoldman________towalkbacktohishouse,thesun________itselfbehindthemountain.A.started;hadalreadyhidden B.hadstarted;hadalreadyhiddenC.hadstarted;washiding D.wasstarting;hid7.(2022全国I卷)---Whatwouldyoudoifit________tomorrow?---Wehavetocarryiton,sincewe’vegoteverythingready.A.rainB.rains C.willrainD.israining8.(2022湖南卷)Iwasgivingatalktoalargegroupofpeople,thesametalkI______tohalfadozenothergroups.A.wasgivingB.amgiving C.hadgivenD.havegiving9.(2022湖北卷)Iwon’ttellthestudentstheanswertothemathproblemuntilhe______onitformorethananhour.A.hasbeenworking B.willhaveworked C.willhavebeenworking D.hadworked10.(2022上海卷)Withthehelpofhightechnology,moreandmorenewsubstances______inthepastyears.A.discoveredB.havediscovered C.hadbeendiscovered D.havebeendiscovered11.(2022全国卷I)Theflowersweresolovelythatthey__________innotime.A.soldB.hadbeensold C.weresoldD.wouldsell12.(2022安徽卷)—DidPeterfixthecomputerhimself?—He________,becausehedoesn'tknowmuchaboutcomputers.A.hasitfixedB.hadfixedit C.haditfixedD.fixedit14.(2022重庆卷)LeonardodaVinci(1452—1519)_______birdskeptincagesinordertohavethepleasureofsettingthemfree.A.issaidtobebuyingB.issaidtohaveboughtC.hadsaidtobuyD.hassaidtohavebought15.(2022全国I卷)—HaveyouknownDr.Jacksonforalongtime?—Yes,sinceshe______theChineseSociety.A.hasjoinedB.joins C.hadjoinedD.joined16.(2022上海)Everyfewyears,thecoalworkers______theirlungsX-rayedtoensuretheirhealth.A.arehavingB.haveC.havehadD.hadhad1017.(2022上海)Thechurchtowerwhich_____willbeopentotouristssoon.Theworkisalmostfinished.A.hasrestoredB.hasbeenrestored C.isrestoringD.isbeingrestored18.(2022福建)EveryyearafloodoffarmersarriveinShenzhenforthemoney-makingjobsthey____beforeleavingtheirhometowns.A.promisedB.werepromised C.havepromisedD.havebeenpromised19.(2022福建)–Guesswhat,we’vegotourvisasforashort-termvisittotheUKthissummer.--Hownice!You______adifferentculturethen.A.willbeexperiencingB.haveexperiencedC.havebeenexperiencingD.willhaveexperienced20.(2022安徽)----Wereyousurprisedbytheendingofthefilm?----No,I_______thebook,soIalreadyknewthestory?A.wasreadingB.hadreadC.amreadingD.haveread21.(2022安徽)——We’vespenttoomuchmoneyrecently.——well,itisn’tsurprising.Ourfriendandrelatives_______aroundallthetimeA.arecomingB.hadcome C.werecomingD.havebeencoming22.(2022湖南)Thiscoastalarea______anationalwildlifereservelastyear.A.wasnamedB.named C.isnamedD.names23.(2022湖南)Iwasjustgoingtocutmyrosebushesbutsomeone______it.Wasityou?A.hasdoneB.haddone C.woulddoD.willdo24.(2022江西)Motherwantedtobeagoodprovider,aroleshe______sincehermarriagetoFather.AshouldersBshouldered CisshoulderingDhasbeenshouldering25.(2022山东)Thelivingroomiscleanandtidy,withadiningtablealready______foramealtobecooked.A.laidB.layingC.tolayD.beinglaidIV【预测】1.Thenumberofpeople,whohaveaccesstotheirowncars,sharplyinthepastdecade.A.roseB.isrising C.haverisenD.hasrisen2.一IlikeBritishcultureverymuch,andIoncewenttoLondon.一Howlongthere?A.didyoustayB.haveyoustayed C.wereyoustayingD.hadyoustayed3.Iftheweatherhadbeenbetter,wecouldhavehadapicnic.Butitallday.A.rainedB.rains C.hasrainedD.israining4.Thiskindofcloth_______well.Ithinkitisworthy________.A.washes;buyingB.iswashed;buying C.washes;tobeboughtD.iswashed;tobebought5.Iwouldhavecomeearlier,butI________thatyouwerewaiting.A.didn’tknowB.hadn’tknown C.wouldn’tknowD.haven’tknow6.—JohnandLuciagotmarriedlastweek.Didyougototheirwedding?—No,Ialectureinanothercity.A.gaveB.havegiven C.hadgivenD.wasgiving7.Theprofessor,aswellashiswife,_______seeafilmtonight.A.istoB.isgoingto C.aregoingtoD.havegoneto8.—Howdangerousitwas!—Yes,butforthepasser-by’squickaction,thegirl____.A.wasdrownedB.wouldhavebeendrownedC.haddrownedD.shouldbedrowned9.Everydaytheboy,togetherwithhisclassmates,______togototheplaygroundand_____football,____themselves.A.arenoticed;play;enjoying B.isnoticed;plays;enjoyingC.arenoticed;plays;enjoys D.isnoticed;play;enjoying10.Nexttimeyou____here,let’shavelunchtogether.A.willbeB.are C.havebeenD.were11.Itseemswater______fromthistapforsometime.We’llhavetotakeitaparttoputitright. A.hadleaked B.isleaking C.leaked D.hasbeenleaking12.—Don’tyoufeelsurprisedtoseeBruceatthemeeting?—Yes.Ireallydidn’tthinkshe________here. A.hasbeen B.hadbeen C.wouldbe D.wouldhavebeen13.―Why?Whereisthekeytothesoundlab?―Dearme!You_______itinthetaxi!A.haveneverleft B.neverleft C.haven’t10left D.didn’tleave14.—Look!Howlong________likethis?—Threeweeks!It’susualherethatrain_______withoutstoppingthesedaysoftheyear.A.hasitrained;pours B.hasitbeenraining;poursC.isitraining;ispouring D.doesitrain;pours15.—CanIhelpyou,Madam?—No,thanks.I_______.A.havejustlookedaround B.justlookaroundC.justlookedaround D.amjustlookingaround答案解析:1.【答案】C【解析】从答语Foraboutthreeyears判断,该题问的是动作持续了多久,用现在完成时,排除A、D选项。getmarried强调的是结婚这一动作,不能延续,排除B。bemarried表示已婚的状态,可以延续。2.【答案】A【解析】句意:她创造了新纪录,即她写的新书的销售量达到了五万册。本题考查动词时态和主谓一致。此题的前半部分使用现在完成时,中间使用thayis作为插入语,连接前后两句话,因此前后时态要保持一致,后半句的主语是thesales,而不是latestbook,因此选项A为正确答案。3.【答案】C【解析】本题考查时态。由第二个空后的时间状语today可知第二个空应使用现在时态,故淘汰B、D两项,又因为句子内容是在不同时期的continents的位置进行对比,因此,应选择C项。4.【答案】A【解析】此题考查的是时态问题。从before引导的从句中的过去时态可知主句的时态应为过去完成时。故排除C、D。now一词提示用现在进行时,表示“他们一直工作了一周”,强调动作的连续。故答案为A。5.【答案】D【解析】句意为“随着更多森林被毁,每年有许多良田被冲”。本题考查主谓一致及被动语态问题。alargequantityof/largequantitiesof后既可以加不可数名词也可以加复数名词,其谓语动词与quantity的数保持一致。6.【答案】A【解析】此题考查的是时态问题。此题句意为“当老人开始往家走时,太阳已经下山了”。太阳落山的动作发生在开始往家走之前,即从句用一般过去时,主句用过去完成时。故选A。7.【答案】C【解析】在条件状语从句(if,aslongas,evenif)、时间状语从句(when,until,before,themoment…)中往往用一般现在时表示将来。8.【答案】C【解析】句意:我正在给一群人作报告,这个报告我已经给另外的六个组做过了。根据句子中的wasgiving表示过去的时间,而句后的give又发生在”过去的过去”,应用过去完成时,正确答案是C9.【答案】A【解析】句意:直到这位学生计算此数学题超过一小时我才会告诉他答案。主句为一般将来时,时间、条件、让步状语从句的谓语动词要用现在时表示将来,因此A项正确。10.【答案】D【解析】inthepastyears通常和完成时连用.根据句意应使用被动语态.答案D11.【答案】C【解析】they指flowers,所以用被动的形式.选项B,过去完成时的基本用法是通过上下文可以找到动作发生的时间是过去的过去.答案C.12.【答案】C【解析】从hedoesn'tknowmuchaboutcomputers可知,并非是他自己修理,所以BD排除.通过上下文可知,fix发生的时间是过去.答案C13.【答案】D【解析】第一空表示刚才,不是现在,BC排除.第二空,当时我正在...答案D14【答案】B【解析】besaidto...据说,例如:Heissaidtoberich.注意的是这里的动词不定式指的是现在或者是没有发生的运作.如果指过去的事情,务用完成形式.答案B15.【答案】D句意:—你认识Dr.Jackson好久时间了吗?—是的,自从她加入汉语协会我就认识她。Since自从......以来,引导时间状语从句,强调过去认识时的时间,第一句话所用的现在完成时是判断该句子时态的重要依据。16.【答案】B本题考查时态。根据时间状语everyfewyears,可判断本句应为一般现在时,因此答案选B。17.【答案】D本题考查被动语态。Restore意思为修复,而最后一句表明工程还未完成,因此为正在修复中。18.【答案】D现在完成时的被动语态19.【答案】A考查将来进行时—猜猜看,我们已经得到了今年夏天去香港的短期签证—太棒了,你到时候将会感受到不同的文化20【答案】B.10本题考查时态用法。句意为“我看过书了,已知道这个故事”。在“knew”前已看过,故用过去完成时。21【答案】D.本题考查时态用法。句意为“近来我们花了太多钱了。----并不惊奇,近来朋友和亲戚总是来访。”用havebeencoming表示从过去到现在一直所发生的动作。22【答案】A考查动词时态和语态。根据主语“Thiscoastalarea”与name之间的被动关系排除B、D两项。根据句中的lastyear判断用一般过去时,故选A项。23.【答案】B考查动词时态。该空动作发生在wasjustgoingtocut之前,即表示过去的过去,故用过去完成时态。句意为:“我正要剪切我的蔷薇丛但(发现)有人已经将它剪切了。是你干的吗?”24【答案】D考查时态。在本句since表示自从过去到现在,所以用现在完成时,现在完成进行时为现在完成时的一种。25.【答案】A本题考查with复合结构的用法/被动语态。with复合结构的构成是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”,由于table与lay(搁放)之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以空格处用过去分词表示被动。【明年高考早预测】1.【解析】inthepastyears通常和完成时连用,排除A和B;由Thenumberofpeople可知应用单数形式,因此排除C。【答案】D2.【解析】又”andIoncewenttoLondon”可知是对过去事情的陈述,因此应用一般过去时,意思是:你那时在那呆了多长时间?【答案】A3.【解析】Iftheweatherhadbeenbetter,wecouldhavehadapicnic.此句是对过去事情的假设,但事实上下了一天雨,根据句意,最后一句应用一般过去时,表示对过去事实的陈述。【答案】A4.【解析】动词wash一般用主动形式表示被动意义,排除B和D两项;beworthytodosth值得做某事,固定搭配,因此选C。【答案】C5.【解析】Iwouldhavecomeearlier这句是对过去事情的假设,后半句是对过去事情的陈述,强调刚才我不知道你们在等待,事实上现在已经知道了,因此应用一般过去时。【答案】A6.【解析】lastweek可知事情发生在过去,Didyougototheirwedding?是对过去事情的提问,回答也应用过去时,排除选项B。根据题意,强调上周John和Lucia结婚时我正在另外一个城市演讲,应用过去进行时,因此选D。【答案】D7.【解析】由tonight这个时间状语可知应用一般将来时态,排除AD两项;根据主谓一致,这个句子的主语是Theprofessor,谓语动词应用单数形式,因此答案为B。【答案】B8.【解析】句意:要不是过路者的迅速行动,那个女孩有可能会溺水。这是对过去事情的假设,应用虚拟语气,主句部分吧时态应用情态动词+havedone这种形式,根据据以,应用被动语态,因此选B【答案】B9.【解析】这句话的主语是theboy,因此第一个空应用单数形式,排除选项A和C;playfootball和gototheplayground为并列短语,跟在不定式to的后面,因此排除B。【答案】D10.【解析】本题考查时态的用法。在时间、条件状语从句中,从句应用现在时表将来。Nexttime引导的是一个表示将来的时间状语从句,应用一般现在时的形式;havelunchtogether是一个表示一般将来的事情。【答案】B11.【解析】根据句中时间状语forsometime以及后一分句的动词时态可知,选项动词动作强调到现在为止并仍在继续,故应排除选项A、C。由于选项B现在进行时不可与一段时间状语连用,所以排除选项B,选D现在完成进行时。【答案】D12.【解析】根据上下文语境可知,选项动作已在过去发生或完成。但根据Ireallydidn’tthink可以判断出从句中的动作是从过去某时间看将来要发生的事,故应选过去将来时。【答案】C13.【解析】考查语境。答语“你千万别把它忘在出租车里!”表示吃惊。而“忘”这一动作应用一般过去时,但否定口气应用never。因为句子用的是感叹号,不应用D项。又如:Youneverleftthekeyinthelock!(你总不会把钥匙留在锁孔里吧!)【答案】B14.【解析】问某种状态持续多长时间,应用现在完成进行时,而第二个空是指一般状态,故用一般现在时,选B。【答案】B15.【解析】此处用Iamjustlookingaround表示我只是正在随便看看,just可以和现在进行时连用,表示只是怎么怎么样。【答案】D10
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