【通用版】高考英语语法填空常考考点总结

【通用版】高考英语语法填空常考考点总结副词1、常考结构：（1）be+副词+done如：be officially（official）given…muchoftherangehasbeen poorly (poor)studied...（2）动词+名词+副词如：wetakeshortbreaks regularly（regular）....giveoutthatheat slowly (slow)…（3）连词+副词+动词如：which gradually (gradual)turnedintochopsticks.（4）名词/代词+副词+动词如：it actually (actual)caughtfire... ...crowdofstrangerssuddenly(sudden)became...itregularly(regular)arranges…（5）be+副词+ 形容词如：Itis certainly (certain)fun… Itmusthavebeen fairly (fair)unpleasant... ...storiesthatwere hugely (huge)popularwith...（6）be+副词+介词短语 Atasteformealis actually (actual)behind...第12页共12页,（7）谓语结构中间 Yearsofhardworkhave finally(final) beenacknowledged...2、考法：形变副3、考过的单词：actually ,  suddenly(sudden), slowly(slow),earlier/before,   officially (official),     regularly,gradually(gradual),certainly(certain),fairly(fair)，finally(final)Tip:熟记形容词变副词的基本规则，尤其是以able/ple/tle/ry结尾的形容词。连词（包括从句）（1）考法：并列连词 (and,or,but,so)  定语从句(which/that/when/where/whose)名词性从句（what/how/if）状语从句 (when/as/if/unless/although/until/before）（2）考过的连词：①2次考查and如 Thereweremanypeoplewaiting, and someofthemlookedveryanxious……Korea, and Vietnam…②or和but如： afewdays or evenafewmonths......notbecauseIhaveto, but becauseIwantto.第12页共12页,③考查定语从句连词如…showinthemid-1980s, when IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter……Confucius, who livedfromroughly551to479B.C.…the mountaintopsanddarkwatersof theLiRiver that/which  arepicturedby……ahabit that/which isdriving…...it’spossibletohavetoomuchofboth, which isnotgoodfor......ButSarah, who hastakenpartin......madeastudypublishedin2014,which showedamerefiveto10minutes......asoil-testingprogram which/that givesspecificfertilizer......atthepetshopinMacclesfield, which sheopendwithherhusband......bytheirmasters, who hadgreatexperience...④how+副词或形容词如…figuredoutexactly how thicktheadobewallsneededtobe…⑤as 形容词/副词 as如：…beasproductive as possiblebeforelunch."随着"或"当……时", 如As/When thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfood第12页共12页,intosmallpieces…⑥同位语从句如：thereisevidence that theyrangealltheway...⑦状语从句so...that...  如：itwasraining so hardthatwecouldn’t...Tip:重点学会判断从句类型，复习定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句基本用法。动词（1）考法：涉及主谓一致、时态、语态、非谓语动词。（2）考过的动词：其中提示词be出现7次，make 出现2次，use 出现2次。①动词原形，如…make（make）sureit’sarelief…②第三人称单数，如：Thiscycle goes (go)dayafterday.School comes (come)first.③一般过去式， 如：…whenI arrived  (arrive)inYangshuo…Later,engineers managed (manage)toconstructrailways...Aboyonabike caught (catch)myattention....whenthegovernment started asoil-testingprogram......thehugeanimalmeant(mean)menorealharm......proudIrene declared (declare)shehadnoplans......ourhost recommended (recommend)places... 第12页共12页,④现在完成时（一般有标志时间状语），如...Since2011,thecountry hasgrown (grow)morecornthanrice....inrecentyears,Inuitpeople havereported increasesin......allthefriendsI havemade (make)overtheyears...⑤单个be动词考查，如：Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow is（be）oftenacceptable....kniveswouldremindpeopleofkillingsand were (be)tooviolent…It was (be)unimaginable…Yangshuo is (be)reallybeautiful.Fastfood is (be)fulloffatandsalt.Thereviewsaysit is (be)moreeffective...Ofthenineteen...,six are (be)stable... ⑥常见的几种被动语态如：I was allowed（allow）togetupcloseto…Trulyelegantchopsticksmight be made (make)of…Sarah wastold (tell)thatshecouldbeBritain’snewmodel...Steamengines wereused (use)topullthecarriages第12页共12页,...Whenfatandsalt areremoved (remove)fromthefood......we wereinvited (invite)toattend... ⑦现在分词（作状语和定语）或动名词（介词或后接doing的动词后）如：willinclude introducing（introduce）Britishvisitors…Still,theboykept riding (ride).Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots, using (use)twigs(树枝)toremoveit....without using (use)electricequipment…worriedabout being (be)lateforschool.…forpeople living  (live)inShanghaiandHongKong....Sarahisnotspendinghalfterm resting (rest)......Thisincludeddigginguptheroad, laying (lay)thetrack......by eating (eat)morefastfood......stillreducetheriskofdying(die)early...[容易错写成death]...duckingmyheadtoavoid looking (look)directlyintohiseyes......Scientistshaverespondedby noting (note)that......while feeding itscitizens......wegotacall saying (say)......hasbeenrewarded “WomenoftheYear” for being (be)…worriedabout being (be)lateforschool第12页共12页,.…forpeople living  (live)inShanghaiandHongKong....Sarahisnotspendinghalfterm resting (rest)......Thisincludeddigginguptheroad, laying (lay)thetrack......by eating (eat)morefastfood......stillreducetheriskofdying(die)early...[容易错写成death]...duckingmyheadtoavoid looking (look)directlyintohiseyes......Scientistshaverespondedby noting (note)that......while feeding itscitizens......wegotacall saying (say)......hasbeenrewarded “WomenoftheYear” for being (be)......wewereinvitedtoattendaconcert..., listening (listen)tomusicians... ⑧过去分词作后置定语和表语如：IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter permitted（permit）…Astudyoftravelers conducted (conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuo…Theadobe dwellings (土坯房) built (build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmired…...sohedoesn’tfeel challenged (challenge)... 第12页共12页,⑨不定式，表目的/接在名词后作定语、用于固定结构句型（Ittookyearsofworktodo; refusetodo,be+形容词（enough）+todo,belikelytodo），如：…you’llbelesslikely to bring（bring）yourworkhome.Skilledworkersalsocombinevarioushardwoods andmetal to create (create)specialdesigns.…arenowcoldenough to cool (cool)thehouse…Ittookyearsofwork to reduce (reduce)theindustrialpollution……butherefused to stop (stop)…...wants toprove (prove)thatshehas..Theyarerequired toprocess (process)thefood......don’thavetorunfastorforlong tosee (see)thebenefits......growcorninsteadofrice toimprove (improve)waterquality......heallowedme tostay (stay)andwatch......areexpensive toperform consistently......shehadnoplans toretire (retire)......howlongitwouldtake toget (get) there... ⑩助动词用于疑问句如：“ Did anyoneloseasuitcaseatthelaststop?”第12页共12页,Tip:1. 谓语动词基本时态和语态的结构（一般现在/过去/现在完成时）2. 非谓语动词的基本用法（定语、状语以及一些固定短语和句型）3. 重视所给词为be动词的考点4.所给动词前是情态动词，优先考虑被动，如shouldbemade名词（1）名词考查结构：①冠词(the)+名词+动词(be)；②形容词性物主代词(their)/形容词(top/many/few/recent)+名词；③冠词(the)+名词+介词(of)；④介词（of）+名词：（2）考查方式及考过单词：①名词单数变复数（考过的词）changes (change), paintings (painting), studies(study),effects(effect),crowds(crowd),invitations(invitation), causes(cause)②动词变名词单数（考过的词）achievement(achieve)，development(develop),attraction(attract),education(educate),introduction(introduce)，pollution(pollute),belief(believe);competition(compete)③形容词变名词【ability(able)】4. 名词变动词【strengthen(strength)】第12页共12页,5. 名词变形容词energetic(energy), global(globe); wonderful(wonder);traditional(tradition); careful(care)6. 名词变名词【scientist(science)】Tip:注意名词单复数变化的规则/不规则变化/动词转名词，比如believe-belief需要重点强记。 形容词（1）主要考查：形容词作定语修饰名词，形容词作表语，比较级和最高级（2）形容词考查结构及考过的单词：①比较级和最高级，如：greater (great)andlessimportance.  …is cleaner (clean)thanever.  ...even worse (bad)...runnerslive3years longer (long)thannon-runners....screamed loudest ofall......are higher (high)than...2019首次出现逆向考查比较级（需填than）it’smoreeffectiveatlengtheninglife than walking...[很多错填成by！]...Cornuseslesswater than riceandcreates...②名词变形容词如：natural (nature) architectsthemost successful (success)...be careful (care)notto...Justbe patient (patience)第12页共12页,....it’salways energetic (energy)...③分词作形容词(过去分词（修饰人）作表语、现在分词（修饰物）作定语)，如：…amazing (amaze)stories……someofthemlookedveryanxious and disappointed (disappoint)…Tip:1. 掌握形容词变比较级和最高级的基本用法；2. 高度重视逆向考法，如根据比较级填than，2019首次出现；3. 部分特殊词的不规则变化（good/bad/little/much等）介词（1）主要是考查固定搭配，其中to 出现了2次to (next to,gobackto)by (bybus)at (atthesametime) on (focuson) with (eatwithhands)search for gorillasmodernmethods of/for tracking...基本用法：adegree in engineering;traveltoand from work;as amethodoffightingheartdiseaseTip:1.掌握常见介词的基本用法；2.背诵高中阶段常见的短语3.特别注意特殊的介词（like/unlike/as）冠词（1）the出现7次：the (2次后接most,1次后接other，1次overthetop,1次overthepast25years，1次atthetopof,1次ofthenineteen)第12页共12页,（2）a (for a while) ;as a model;as a result;itwas a jokeTip:1. 背诵常见的短语；2. 注意：anhonor/hour  auniversity auniqueperson ausefulbook 代词（1）its出现2次：作定语  如：its (it)mother…with its (it)chokingsmog…（2）作表语  如：“Ohdear!It’s me/mine (I).”（3）作宾语 如：...peoplewereusing it...    ..shouldallgive it atry...   ...gladtofind them (they)alive... （4）作主语 如：Idon’tknow who ismorefrightened... Tip:1.掌握代词基本用法（如：We-us-our-ours-ourselves）2. 重视代词it特殊用法（形式宾语 makeitaruletodo/makeitclearthat.../makeitadj.todosth.）（固定短语 assb.putit,makeit...）3. 所给提示词为it（注意考虑its或者itself）         第12页共12页