牛津上海版英语八年级第一学期Unit 1-Unit 7 语法知识点复习提纲(实用,必备!)
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牛津上海版英语八年级第一学期Unit1-Unit7语法知识点复习提纲8AUnit1知识点Words1.记号;标志(n.)/签名(v.)sign—签名(n.)signature2.叫做call—被叫做called3.拥有(v.)own—拥有者,主人(n.)owner【名词变动词时注意时态和三单】4.在...附近(prep.)near+sp.—在附近(ad.)nearby5.计算,数数(v.)count—账(n.)account—会计(n.)accountant6.在...期间(prep.)during—持续时间(n.)duration7.物理(n.)physics—物理的,身体的(a.)physical【物理变化physicalchanges;体能训练physicaltraining物理老师aphysicsteacher】8.理想,志向(n.)ambition—有理想的,雄心勃勃的(a.)ambitious9.引擎(n.)engine—工程师(n.)engineer10.关(v.)close—把...放入(信中),随函附上(v.)enclose【(p.)enclosed】11.高的(a.)high—身高,高度(n.)height12.称重(v.)weigh—体重,重量(n.)weight13.可能的(a.)possible/probable—可能(ad.)possibly/probably/maybe/perhaps14.科学(n.)science—科学家(n.)scientist15.表演(v.)act—男演员(n.)actor—女演员(n.)actress16.艺术(n.)art—艺术家(n.)artist17.德国(n.)Germany—德国人(n.)/德国的(a.)German【twoGermans;inGermany】18.欧洲(n.)Europe—欧洲的,欧洲人(a./n.)European一个欧洲女孩aEuropeangirl19.good/well—better—best;bad/badly/ill—worse—worstPhrases1.想要做wouldliketodo=wanttodo2.告诉某人关于某事tellsbsomethingaboutsth.3.下象棋/乒乓playchess/tabletennis(棋类、球类前不加冠词)4.附近的一家中国餐馆aChineserestaurantnearby第23页共25页
1.在大学工作workinacollege/university2.在读大学atcollege/atuniversity3.在假日期间duringtheholidays4.对...感兴趣,喜欢bekeenon=beinterestedin=befondof【+sth/doing】5.受到某人的来信get/receivealetterfromsb=hearfromsb6.用...做use...todo...7.思考thinkof8.母语nativelanguage9.相当小quitesmall10.学做某事learntodosth11.靠近某地closetosp.=nearsp.12.和某人分享sharesthwithsb13.上学attendschool=gotoschool14.参加会议/讲座attendameeting/lecture=gotoameeting/lecture15.毕业离校leaveschool16.在工作日onweekdays在周末atweekends/attheweekend17.有来自世界各地笔友havepenfriendsfromallovertheworld18.用英语写writeinEnglish19.给某人写/发电子邮件e-mailsb=write/sendane-mailtosb20.有某人自己的东西:havesth.ofone’sown=haveone’sownthinghavearoomofmyown=havemyownroomGrammar1、表语:在be动词或联系动词后1)doingsth(动名词)做表语:Myhobbyisplayingchess.2)todosth.(动词不定式)做表语:Myambitionistobeanarchitect.【Myjob/hopeisto...】2、也许,可能maybe(句首)=perhaps(句首)=possibly(句中)=probably(句中)3、near:(prep.)+someplace;nearby:(ad.)后无地点名词4、hope:第23页共25页
1)作名词:是可数,如ourhopes2)作动词:hopetodo…如Ihopetobeateacher.=Ihope(that)Iwillbeateacher.hope(that)+宾语从句(将来时)。如Ihope(that)youwillwritetomesoon.当主句的主语和宾语从句的主语一致时,这两种句型可以互相转换。*注意:hopesb.todo这种结构是错误的。5、特殊疑问词1)When(yesterday;tomorrow;ago;next;in2000;)什么时候(具体时间)2)Where(介词词组的地点状语)在哪里3)Who(人物)谁4)Whose(所有者)谁的5)What(事物)什么6)Why(原因/目的)为什么7)Which(选择:有选项/名词前后的限定词)哪个8)How(身体健康/外貌长相/交通方式/天气情况/处事方法)怎样9)Howfar(tenminutes’walk)多远(距离)10)Howlong(fortenminutes/)(多久)(时间段)11)Howsoon(intenminutes)还要多久12)Howoften(twiceaday)(每隔多久)13)Howmanytimes(once,twice,)(几次)14)Howmuch(价格/不可数名词的数量)多少钱/多少15)Howmany(数字或many/few/afew)多少Unit2WorkandplayWords:1.生活,生命n.life校园生活schoollife挽救生命saveone’slife/lives居住v.live2.忙碌的a.busy生意(不可数)n.business公司(可数)business(es)男商人businessman女商人businesswoman3.销售n.sale打折onsale卖v.sell-sold-sold卖得好sellwell4.经理n.manager经营,处理v.manage5.幸运n.luck(不)幸运的a.lucky-unlucky(不)幸运地ad.luckily-unluckily第23页共25页
1.讨论v.discussn.discussion2.令人无趣的,乏味的a.boring=dull=notinteresting感到无趣的,乏味的bored3.成功n.successa.successfulad.successfullyv.succeed4.帮助v.assist=help助手n.assistant=helper5.通常的a.usual反义词:unusualad.usually6.热量n.heat加热v.heat热的a.hot7.身体的a.physical物理学n.physicsPhrases:1.骑摩托车rideamotorcycle2.和……相似besimilarto3.与……不同bedifferentfrom4.和……一样bethesameas5.肯定是mustbe6.可能是maybe7.不可能是can’tbe8.尖子生之一oneofthetopstudents=best9.编了成功的电脑游戏writesuccessfulcomputergames10.成功的做某事besuccessfulin(doing)sth=succeedindoingsth.11.一次巨大的成功agreatsuccess12.在她的公司里工作workinherbusiness=company13.她仍旧在学校里(学习)。Sheisstillatschool.14.穿上我的校服putonmyschooluniform15.穿着一套制服wearauniform16.和一个客户一起吃午餐(否定)havelunchwithaclient(don’thave)17.一个幸运的数字aluckynumber18.一个不幸的数字anunluckynumber19.五十多万(500,000)的游戏overhalfamilliongames=morethan20.公司的经理/经营公司themanagerofthecompany/managethecompany第23页共25页
1.负责销售beresponsibleforsales=beinchargeof2.和某人讨论某事discusssth.withsb.=talkaboutsth.withsb.3.乘我自己的汽车上学gotoschoolinmyowncar=bycar4.打电话给某人makeaphonecalltosb=phonesb=callsb5.在去上学的路上onthewaytoschool6.在回家的路上、这儿、那儿onthewayhome/here/there7.喜欢见到我学校里的朋友enjoyseeingmyschoolfriends8.得到A等achieveAgrades=get9.考试失败,未通过考试failanexam=don’tpasstheexam10.做某事失败了failtodosth.11.一周两次twiceaweek------howoften12.在一到两个小时内inanhourortwo-------howsoon13.从学校里接我collectmefromschool=pickup14.回到学校returntoschool=gobacktoschool15.参加会议attendameeting=gotohaveameeting16.上小提琴课(否定)haveviolinlessons(don’thave)17.帮助他们assistthem=helpthem18.继续做某事continuedoingsth.=goondoingsth19.需要许多睡眠(否定)needmuchsleep(don’tneedmuchsleep)20.醒来(vp,vpp)wakeup(woke,woken)21.该上课了It’stimeforlessons.=It’stimetohavelessons.Sentence:1.不够……而不能…not…enoughtodosth.=>太…以致不能too…….todosth.=>如此……以至不能……so…that+(否定句)他年纪太小以致不能上学。Heistooyoungtogotoschool.=>Heisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.=>Heissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.第23页共25页
1.ItseldomsnowsonHainanIslandinwinter,doesit?海南岛冬天几乎不下雪,是吗?Jim’sseldomlateformeeting,ishe?Jim开会几乎不迟到是吗?Language:thesimplepresenttense一般现在时1.定义:一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作的时态。2.与一般现在时常用的时间状语:1)always>usually>often>sometimes>seldom>never(频度递减)2)seldom(几乎不)never(从不)表示否定3)everymorning/night/evening/day/week,,4)onceamonth,twiceaweek3.第三人称单数后行为动词加S的规则。1)一般单词加s:walk----walks;buys2)以辅音字母加y结尾的单词去y变i加:fly---flies;studies3)以s,ch,sh或x结尾的单词加:catch---catches;teaches;washes;guesses4)部分以o结尾的单词加:go---goes;do---does8AUnit3知识点Words1.等待(v.)wait—男侍者(n.)waiter—女侍者(n.)waitress【waitforsb./sth;waitatsp.】2.突然的(adj.)sudden—(adv.)突然地suddenly3.争论(v.)argue【arguewithsb./argueaboutsth(类同于talk)—争论(n.)argument4.一群人(n.)crowd—拥挤的(adj.)crowded【abigcrowdofpeople一大群人;becrowdedwith...挤满了...】5.安静的(adj.)quiet—安静地(adv.)quietly6.走(v.)go—不见了(adj.)gone7.跟着(v.)follow【followsb.tosp.跟某人来到某地】—下列的(adj.)following8.赶快,匆忙(v./n.)hurry—匆忙地(adv.)hurriedly【hurrytosp.=gotosp.Hurriedly/inahurry】9.奇怪的,陌生的(adj.)strange【=unusual】—陌生人(n.)stranger10.不寻常的(adj.)unusual—通常的(adj.)usual—通常(adv.)usually第23页共25页
11.快的(adj.)quick—快地(adv.)quickly12.报告(v./n.)report—记者(n.)reporter13.小偷(n.)thief—复数thieves—盗窃案(n.)theft14.旅游(n./v.)tour—游客(n.)tourist15.警察总称(n.)police—男警察(n.)policeman—女警察(n.)policewoman16.担心(v.)worry—担心的(adj.)worried—【worryaboutsb./sth.=beworriedabout】17.圆的/围绕(adj./prep.)round-围绕(prep.)around18.真的true(adj.)—真地truly(adv.)—真相truth(n.)19.抢劫(v.)rob—抢劫犯(n.)robber—抢劫案(n.)robbery20.go—went—gone21.hold—held—held22.know—knew—known23.hear—heard—heard24.steal—stole—stolen25.say—said—said26.run—ran—run27.leave—left—left28.put—put—put29.give—gave—given30.get—got—gotPhrases词组1.两个女游客twowomentourists2.对谁喊叫shoutatsb/相互喊叫shoutateachother3.瞪着某人stareatsb.4.没人noone=nobody【用作主语时是三单】5.发生happen=goon6.开始做startdoingsth7.和谁谈话talkto/withsb8.逃跑runaway9.害怕beafraidof10.捡起某物pickupsth11.放下某物putsthdown12.给某人打电话phonesb.=callsb.=makeaphonecalltosb.第23页共25页
13.拨110dial110(后+电话号码)-dialled14.拦截轮渡meettheferry15.在机场接某人meetsb.attheairport16.看见某人正在做seesb.doingsth.17.从旁边走过walkby18.处理麻烦dealwithtrouble19.听见大声的争吵hearabigargument20.从人群中穿过去movethroughthecrowd21.匆忙上船hurryaboard22.报告一个盗窃案reportatheft23.给出更多的信息givesomemoredetails24.下车/船getoff25.干得好welldone26.发生takeplace=happen28.抢劫某人或某地某物robsb./sp.ofsth29.从某人或某地那里偷某物stealsth.fromsb./sp.Grammar语法1.sth.happentosb.某事发生在某人身上Unluckily,anaccidenthappenedtohim.sb.happentodosth.某人碰巧做某事Ihappenedtomeetafriendofmineinthestreet.2.through(内部穿过);across(表面横穿)3.nextSunday当next用于时间前不加the(宾语从句除外)thenextferry当next用于某物前表示指定要加the4.Aswegotoff,wesaw...=Whenwegotoff,wesaw…5.一般过去时A)一般过去时表示过去的状态或过去发生的事情。B)一般过去时的结构:a)肯定句1)主语+行为动词的过去式+其他2)主语+be动词的过去式(was/were)/+其他第23页共25页
b)否定句1)主语+didn’t/didnot+行为动词的原形+其他2)主语+was/werenot(wasn’t/weren’t)+其他c)一般疑问句1)Did+主语+行为动词的原形+其他?2)Was/Were+主语+其他?d)特殊疑问句1)特殊疑问词+did+主语+行为动词的原形+其他?2)特殊疑问词+was/Were+主语+其他?C)动词的过去式的构成形式a)一般在动词后面加ed,如showed,looked。b)以e结尾的,在后面加d,如stared,moved。c)以辅音字母加y结尾的,改y为i,加ed,如carried,hurried。(注意:以元音字母加y结尾的,直接加ed.。)d)以重读闭音节结尾的,双写最后字母然后加ed。如planned,stopped,dropped。e)不规则的动词变化形式需要记忆。D)一般过去时的常见时间短语yesterday/yesterdaymorning/afternoon/evening/lastMonday/lastweek/month/year/lastnight/afewminutesago/amomentago/twoweeksago/fiveyearsago/justnow/in2009/thismorning6.后面接时间短语时介词in/on/at的用法A)in+年份,in+季节,in+月份,in+themorning/afternoon/eveningB)on+日期,on+星期几,on+具体某天的早中晚(如onSundaymorning,onthemorningofSeptember14,onacloudymorning)C)at+具体时刻,atnoon/night,atChristmas,atweekends,atlunch,atbreak7.含有every/last/next/this/that/these/those/today/yesterday/tomorrow的时间短语前不用介词。第23页共25页
8AUnit4words1.invent(v.发明)----inventor(n.发明者)--invention(n.发明物)2.develop(v.,发展)----development(n.,发展)3.calculate(v.计算)----calculation(n.计算)----calculator(n.计算器)---calculating(adj.计算的)第23页共25页
4.power(n.力量)—powerful(adj.强大的)5.electrical(adj.与电有关的)--electric(adj.用电的)---electricity(n.电)6.follow(v.)----following(adj.)7.live(v.)---living(adj.活的,有生命的)---alive(adj.活的,有活力的)8.amaze(v.使…惊讶)---amazing(adj.令人惊讶的)----amazed(adj.惊讶的)9.solve(v.解决,解答)----solution(n.解答)10.especial(adj.特别的,特殊的)---especially(adv.特别,尤其)11.light(n.光;灯;火adj.明亮的)---lightning(n.闪电)12.complete(v.使完整adj.完整的;完全的)---completely(adv.完全地,彻底)13.accurate(adj.正确无误的,精确的)----accurately(adv.正确无误地,精确地)Phrases1.一个小数adecimalnumber2.一组奇数词apairofoddnumbers3.一组偶数apairevennumbers4.一个分数afraction5.一个百分率apencentage6.一个表明度数的数字anumbershowingdegrees7.一个非常重要的数字anespeciallyimportantnumber8.一个重要的部分animportantpart9.某人自己的语言one’sownlanguage10.在古代inancienttimes11.用许多不同的方法inmanydifferentways12.用同样的方法inthesameway13.用十进制intens14.数字系统thesystemofnumbers15.写从最大到最小的任何一个数writeanynumberfromthebiggesttothesmallest16.发明并发展从一到九的数字系统inventanddevelopthe1to9systemofnumbers17.发明“零”inventthezero第23页共25页
1.一项非常重要的发明averyimportantinvention2.最早的计算器之一oneofthefirstcalculatingmachines3.一个算盘anabacus4.一个现代化的电子计算器amodernelectroniccalculator5.加、减、乘和除add,substract,multiplyanddivide6.计算百分比和平方根calculatepercentagesandsquareroots7.转瞬间;立即inaflash8.做一项计算doacalculation9.在你的整个一生中inyourlifetime10.一个活的电脑alivingcomputer11.一个人脑ahumanbrain12.一个强有力的计算器amorepowerfulcalculator13.下列的故事thefollowingstory14.一个来自印度的有着神奇大脑的妇女aladyfromIndiawithanamazingbrain15.解决一个问题solveaproblem16.闪电般地、飞快地likelightning17.用指令为电脑编写程序programthecomputerwithinstructionsGrammar1.“makeit+adj.(+forsb.)+todo”表示“使(某人)做……变得……”;其中make意为“使”,it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是句末的动词不定式。例如:Mobilephonesmakeitpossibleforustotalktoanyonefromanywhere.1.inmanydifferentways意思是“用许多不同的方法/方式”。例如:Peoplearoundtheworldgreeteachotherinmanydifferentways.其中way作“方法;方式”解时,前面常加介词in(用)。如inthisway,inmanyways等。2.so...that...意为“如此……以致……”,so后跟形容词或副词,that后面是一个结果状语从句。So+形容词/副词+that从句a.如果that从句是肯定句的时候,此结构可以和以下句型互换:第23页共25页
形容词/副词+enough(forsb.)+todosth.b.如果that从句是否定句的时候,此结构可以和以下句型互换:too+形容词/副词+(forsb.)+todosth或not+形容词/副词的反义词+enough(forsb.)+todosth4.time表示“时代、时期”时,常用复数形式。inancienttimes意为“在古代”;inmoderntimes意为“在现代”。5.Somepeoplecallthebrainalivingcomputer.一些人把大脑称为“活电脑”。call作“称呼;叫”讲时,接复合宾语。“callsb./sth.+名称”,表示“把某人/某物称为……”即call+宾语+(补语)。如:6.学会“加减乘除”等式的表达:a、加法的表示:“加”用plus或add表示;“等于”用is,equal等词表示。如3+4=7可以表示为:Threeplusfour(is)equalsseven.b、减法的表示:“减”用minus表示;“等于”用is,equal等词表示。如9-4=5可以表示为:Nineminusfour(is)equalsfive.c乘法的表示:“乘”用time(动词)或multiply表示;“等于”用is,equal等词表示。如3×5=15可以表示为:Threemultipliedbyfive(is)equalsfifteen.d、除法的表示:“除”用divide的过去分词形式表示;“等于”用is,equal等词表示。如24÷4=6可以表示为:Twenty-fourdividedbyfour(is)equalssix.当我们提问16÷4=?/2+3=?...时,用Howmuch提问7.加减乘除”算式的表达:(用祈使句,注意搭配的介词)3+4Addthreeandfour9–4Substractfourfromnine3×5Multiplythreebyfive24÷4Dividetwenty-fourbyfour8.分数的表达:分子基数词,分母序数词,当分子大于1时,分母要变复数加-s:例如:2/3--------two-thirds第23页共25页
9.小数的表达:小数点左侧的数字按基数词的方式读,小数点的右侧数字每位单独读例如:0.56-----zeropointfivesix10.livingadj.活的,有生命的,通常放在名词前修饰名词,做定语aliveadj.活的,有活力的,通常用作系动词后做表语11.花费的用法:①cost用于花费金钱、时间、精力或劳力等,主语通常是事物,后接宾语是人,不用于被动语态。②spend用于花费金钱、时间、代价等,主语通常是人,后接介词on/in,spend...onsth.或spend...(in)doingsth.。③pay用于花费金钱,主语通常是人,后接介词for。④take用于花费时间,主语通常是事物,用it作形式主语,用动词不定式(短语)作真正主语。例如:Ipaidtwentyyuanforthedictionary.=Ispenttwentyyuanonthedictionary.=Thedictionarycostmetwentyyuan.12.祈使句:祈使句是用来表达说话人的意愿、命令、请求或者建议的句子。它的主语you通常省略,并且谓语动词用原形。句尾常用感叹号或句号,读的时候用降调。下面我们来认识一下以行为动词开头的祈使句。基本结构:(1)肯定形式:行为动词+宾语+其他。如:Openthedoor,please.请打开门。(2)否定形式:Don’t+动词原形+其他。如:Don’ttalkaloudinclass.不要在课堂上大声喧哗。祈使句特点:(1)通常省略主语。如:Closethedoor.关上门。(2)为了表示客气,可以在句首或句末用please。如:Pleaseclosethewindow./Closethewindow,please.请关上窗户。(3)有时为了明确向某人提出请求或命令,也可用主语。如:LiuYing,handinyourhomework.刘英,交上你的作业。第23页共25页
8AUnit5Phrases1.—伤害,损害(v.)/(n.)harm无害的(adj.)harmless—(反)有害的harmful对...有害【beharmfulto=bebadfor】2.温和的(adj.)gentle—温柔地(adv.)gently3.凶猛的(adj.)fierce—猛烈地(adv.)fiercely4.喜欢(v.)like—不喜欢(v.)dislike5.死(v.)die(died,died)—死的(adj.)dead—死亡(n.)death—奄奄一息的(adj.)dying6.突然的(adj.)sudden—突然地(adv.)suddenly7.查阅lookup在这本字典中查找它lookitupinthedictionary朝……看lookat寻找lookfor看起来像looklike盼望;期待lookforwardto环视lookaround当心lookout8.给她买了一本百科全书buyheranencyclopaedia给某人买某物buysomebodysomething=buysomethingforsomebody9.六千多万年以前oversixtymillionyearsago10.在……之前还有很长时间alongtimebefore11.住在地球上/住在每个地方liveontheEarth;liveeverywhere12.和绵羊一样温和asgentleassheep13.比老虎更凶猛befiercerthantigers14.了解恐龙的生活knowaboutthelivesofdinosaurs听说过某人knowaboutsb.认识某人knowsb.15.恐龙都突然之间全部灭绝了。Dinosaursalldiedoutsuddenly.他死于2004年。.Hediedin2004.他死了已有两年了。Hehasbeendeadforfouryears.他的死使我很伤心。Hisdeathmademesad.他快死了。Heisdying.第23页共25页
1.没有人知道为什么。Nobodyknowswhy.2.as+adj.(原级)+as=thesame+n.+asTomisasoldasMary.=>TomisthesameageasMary.和...一样大asbigas=thesamesizeas和...年纪一样大asoldas=thesameageas和...一样高.astallas=thesameheightas和...一样重asheavyas=thesameweightas和...一样快.asfastas=thesamespeedas3.Anotas/so+原级+asB不如……=>B…比较级thanA=>A…反义词的比较级thanB1)MaryisnotastallasTom.Mary不如Tom高。=>TomistallerthanMary.=>MaryisshorterthanTom.2)Trainsdon’tgoasfastasplanes.=>Planesgofasterthantrains.=>Trainsgomoreslowlythanplane19.although和though意思都是“尽管”,引导让步状语从句。although和though不能和but连用。although引导的从句通常放在句首,主从句用逗号隔开。though引导的从句可以放在主句前,也可以放在主句后。Grammar1.想think(thought,thought)(v.)——思想家(n.)thinker——思想thought(n.)2.希腊(n.)Greece—希腊人,希腊语(n.),希腊的,希腊人的(adj.)Greek3.拥有(v.)own;—自己的(adj.)own—所有者,业主(n.)owner4.可能的(adj.)possible—可能地(adv.)possibly—不可能(adj.)impossible5.一个著名的思想家afamousthinker6.生活与约两千年前希腊livedinGreeceabouttwothousandyearsago7.快乐的方法thewaytobehappy放松的方法thewaytoberelaxing8.拥有尽可能少的东西ownasfewthingsaspossible.9.看见某人在做某事seesbdoingsth.看到某人做某事了seesbdosth第23页共25页
1.在喷泉旁byafountain=besideafountain2.扔掉throwaway(throw-threw-thrown)3.变得更开心了becomeevenhappier(become-became-become)even修饰比较级:更;还要4.尽可能地as…aspossible=as…assb.can/could1)Iwillwriteasmanyarticlesaspossible.=>IwillwriteasmanyarticlesasIcan.2)Tomranasfastaspossibleattheschoolsportmeeting.=>Tomranasfastashecouldattheschoolsportmeeting5.Thewaytobehappy(不定式作定语)wastoownasfewthingsaspossible.(不定式作表语)快乐的方法是拥有尽可能少的东西。6.Hetaughtthatthewaytobehappywastoownasfewthingsaspossible.(宾语从句)他教导人们变得快乐的办法是拥有尽可能少的东西。teach的用法a)teach+thatclause(that引导的宾语从句)b)teachsb(宾格)sthteachusEnglishc)teachsbtodosthMymothertaughtmetodrive.16.可修饰比较级的词:1)….的多much,far,alot2)…一点abit,alittle3)更;even,还要still,快得多muchmorequickly=farmorequickly他的个子够高了,可是他兄弟还要高。Heistallenough,buthisbrotherisstilltaller.今天比昨天更冷。It'sevencolderthanyesterday.17.娱乐(n.)amusement—逗乐,使消遣(v.)amuse—令人愉快的(adj.)amusing—感到愉快的(adj.)amused18.创造create(v.)—创造者,创建者creator(n.)—有创造力的,有创意的creative(adj.)19.有名的(adj.)famous=well-known—名誉,名声(n.)fame20.欧洲(n.)Europe—欧洲人(n.),欧洲的(adj.)European在欧洲inEurope;一个欧洲人aEuropean第23页共25页
17.老鼠mouse—mice18.真实的real(adj.)—实际上;真正really(adv.)19.一个著名的游乐园afamousamusementpark20.因他的卡通人物而闻名befamousforhiscartooncharacters21.生于美国bebornintheUSA/beborninAmerica22.卖报和送信sellnewspapersanddelivermail(sell-sold-sold;deliver-delivered-delivered)23.离开学校以后afterleavingschool24.同时atthesametime25.得到一份他真正喜欢的工作getajobthathereallylikes(job可数work不可数)26.为电影画漫画drawcartoonsforfilms27.一只真的老鼠arealmouse28.成为明星becomeastar29.变得富有且出名becamerichandfamous30.由WaltDisney创立wascreatedbyWaltDisney被动语态31.被动语态的基本结构:be+过去分词,通常使用介词by(表示“被”)。a)一般现在时的被动语态:is/am/are+过去分词b)一般过去时的被动语态was/were+过去分词c)一般将来时的被动语态:willbe+过去分词32.afterdoing=>after+时间状语从句(before也有同样地用法)a)Afterleavingschool,hesoldnewspapers.=>Afterheleftschool,hesoldnewspapers.b)Hewenttobedsoonafterhehaddinner.=>Hewenttobedafterhavingdinner.33.while与when的区别:a)它们都可以解释为:“当……时候,正当…时候”;while还有“然而”的意思;你爱打网球,但我爱看书。Youliketennis,whileI'dratherread.b)while后用进行时(现在进行时或过去进行时);when后用多种时态第23页共25页
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Unit6Words:1.丢失v.lose-lost-lost迷路的;迷失的a.lost迷路loseone’sway=belost2.指引航向v.navigate领航员n.navigator3.探索,勘探v.explore无人涉足的a.unexplored探索者n.explorer4.复数:valley-valleyscliff-cliffsstorey-storeysstory-storieskangaroo-kangaroos5.清晰的a.clearad.clearly光滑的a.smoothad.smoothly6.部分n.partad.partly7.和平n.peace和平的,平静的a.peacefulad.peacefully=inpeace8.恩惠n.favour帮我domeafavour=givemeahand=helpme最喜欢的a.favourite9.害怕n.fright使…害怕v.frightena.人+frightened物+frightening10.安排v.arrangen.arrangement11.温和的a.gentlead.gently12.关心,照顾n./v.carea.careful反:carelessad.carefully反:carelessly13.进入v.enter=comeinto/gointo入口n.entrance14.死v.dien.death(hisdeath)a.dead(bedead)15.真的a.truead.trulyn.truth告诉我真相tellmethetruth16.抓住catch-caught-caught带来bring-brought-brought摇晃shake-shook-shaken17.跳跃hop-hopped-hopped想think-thought-thought知道know-knew-known18.弹跳spring-sprang-sprung回答reply-replied-replied说speak-spoke-spokenPhrases:1.给某人讲一个故事tellsb.astory=tellastorytosb.2.撒谎tellalie3.讲出A和B的区别tellthedifferencebetweenAandB4.用尽,没有runoutofsth.=useup=haveno第23页共25页
5.在一个未知的星球上着陆landonanunexploredplanet起飞takeoff6.把我们轻轻地往下带到了山谷里bringusdowngentlyinavalley7.靠近一个巨大的悬崖closetoagreatcliff=near8.一个八岁的男孩=aboyofeight=aneight-year-oldboy9.小心地接近门approachthedoorscarefully=cometowards/gotowards10.一扇门被打开了一点点。Onedoorwasopenedalittle.11.穿过门gothroughthedoor12.过马路=walkacrossthestreet=crossthestreet游过河swimacrosstheriver13.一件家具apieceoffurniture一些家具somefurniture14.和地球上的类型相似besimilartothetypeontheEarth15.也许它是一个友善的怪兽。Itmaybeafriendlymonster.16.他们看上去象巨大的袋鼠。Theylookedlikegiantkangaroos.17.他们看上去怎样?=Whatdidtheylooklike?=Howdidtheylook?18.发出了一声使我们毛骨悚然的大吼givearoarthatturnedourbloodtoice19.我知道你们是谁。Iknowwhoyouare.20.我们像老鼠一样被抓住了。Wewerecaughtlikerats.21.笼子上方一个强有力的磁铁apowerfulmagnetabovethecage22.河上有座桥。There’sabridgeovertheriver.23.相信我believeme=trustme.24.我们是和平地来的。Wecomeinpeace=peacefully.25.明天你们会成为碎片的。Tomorrowyouwillbeinpieces.26.最后一个死bethelastonetodie27.转向我=turntowardsme=turntome28.处于困境中/处于危险中introuble/indanger29.负责=beinchargeof=beresponsiblefor30.最好做某事/最好不做某事hadbetterdosth/hadbetternotdosth31.醒来wakeup(wake-woke-woken)32.直到…才not…untilGrammar:第23页共25页
1.Thesimplefuturetense(一般将来时)A)结构:(1)will+do,否定句改为willnot/won't+do(2)be(am/is/are)goingto+do,否定句改为be(am/is/are)notgoingto+do(3)shall+do(主语是第一人称I/we),否定句改为shallnot/shan't+do(第一人称的一般将来时也可以用will,在疑问句用表示建议或提议常用shallI/shallwe)B)一般将来时的时间状语:tomorrow(morning/afternoon/evening);thedayaftertomorrow;tonight→提问用whenthiscomingSaturday→提问用whennextweek/Sunday→提问用whensoon→提问用Howsoonin+时间段;→提问用Howsoon2.Tagquestions(反意疑问句)A)结构:陈述句,+be/情态动词/助动词+人称代词(需与前面陈述句的主语一致)everyone----he;baby/figure(人影)----itthis/that-----itthese/those----theyB)前肯后否,前否后肯C)否定词:not,never,hardly,seldom,rarelyno,few,little,nobody,none,neither,nothingD)Therebe句型的反意疑问:…,be(n’t)there?E)祈使句的反义疑问:Let's...,shallwe?其他,willyou?(包括:Letus/me...,willyou?)F)反意疑问句的回答:先把反意疑问句改为一般疑问句,再根据事实进行yes/no的回答。3.建议:You'dbetter=Youhadbetterdosth./Youhadbetternotdosth.→应答用OK./Allright.I'lltakeyouradvice.Let'sdosth.→应答用That'sagoodidea./Allright./Yes,let's.8AUnit7Words1.吸引v.attract--吸引人的,有魅力的adj. attractive:--吸引力,魅力(n.)attraction第23页共25页
1.自由的;免费的(adj)free-自由自在地(adv.)freely--自由(n.)freedom2.挽救,节省(v.)save--安全的(adj)safe--安全地(adv.)safely--安全(的地方)(n.)safety3.寂静的,沉默的(adj)silent;.默默地,静静地(adv.)silently--寂静,沉默(n.)silence4.写(v.)write--作家(n.)writer--书写、字迹(n.)writing(不可数)5.囚犯n.prisoner--监狱prison--坐牢inprison6.德语,德国人German(pl.Germans)--德国Germany7.睡着地asleep(入睡fallasleep)困倦的sleepy(感到困倦feelsleepy)8.响亮的adj.loud响亮地adv.loudly第23页共25页9.带来bring-brought-brought10.躺lie–lay-lain-lying11.孵,下蛋,放置lay-laid-laid12.落下fall-fell-fallen13.感到feel-felt-felt14.藏hide-hid-hidden15.站stand–stood-stood16.熔化melt-melted-melted17.跳hop-hopped-hopped18.醒wake-woke–waken19.击中,撞hit--hit—hit20.摇晃shake-shook-shaken21.惊慌panic-panicked-panicked(-panicking-panics)第23页共25页第23页共25页Phrases1.一个也没有(用于三者以上)noneofthemNoneofthemhave/hasacar. 2.二者都不neitherof(谓语动词用单数) Neitherofthemisadoctor.3.躺下liedown躺lie-lay-lain;说谎lie-lied-lied;孵,放置lay-laid-laid4.睡着,入睡gotosleepfallasleep;感到困的feelsleepy:第23页共25页
1.过了一会儿momentslater;afterawhile;2.打断某人interruptsb.=stopsb.3.几乎马上==almostimmediately=atonce=rightaway4.从……中逃跑escapefrom5.苏醒,唤醒wakeup6.将……对准aimat=pointat7.做恶梦haveabaddream8.用手摸某人的背feelone’sbackwithhishands9.确信makesure10.从门中逃离获得自由escapethroughthedoortofreedom11.回到安全地bebacktothesafety12.完蛋bedonefor=befinished13.用某物做某事usesthtodo ;usesthfordoing14.被用来做……beusedtodosth 15.过去常常做某事 usedtodosth=oftendidsth16.习惯于做某事be/getusedtosth/doingsth17.回去睡觉gobacktobed18.返回家gobackhome 19.变得自由getfree20.高克发生了什么?WhathappenedtoGork?21.在某地搜查某物/某人searchsp.forsth./sb.Grammar1.方位介词在….之上(接触面)on;在…..之垂直上方over在….上方above在…..旁边beside;在…隔壁nextto在…..后面behind;在….对面opposite在…..前面infrontof…在某物的前端inthefrontof在两者之间between;在(三者及以上)之间among2.some用于肯定句,any用于否定句和疑问句。第25页共25页
some和any都可以用来修饰可数名词的复数形式以及不可数名词。注意:在询问对方是否需要类似食物、饮料及帮助,或希望对方给予肯定回答的时候,用some,不用any.(Wouldyoulikesometea?MayIhavesometea?)3.不定代词:something,someone/somebody.;anything,anyone/anybody.nothing,noone=nobody1)(形容词放在不定代词后面)somethingstrange;nothingimportant;anyoneelse2)nobody=notanybodynothing=notanythingThereissomebodyinthecabin.(改否定句)=》Thereisnobodyinthecabin.=Thereisn’tanybodyinthecabin.3)不定代词后谓语动词用单数Someonecomeshereeveryday.4)不定代词后跟不定式的形式Thereisnobodytohelpme.没有人帮我。Ihavesomethingtodotoday.我今天有事要做。Shedoesn’thaveanywheretogotomorrow.她明天没地方可去。4.none和noone的区别(1)none既可指人也可指物,通常与表范围的of短语连用;noone(=nobody)只能指人,不能与of短语连用。(2)none与数量有关,可回答howmany,表示“一个也没有”;而noone可回答who表示“什么人也没有”,5.感叹句(6种)1)How+adj.+subject+verbHowclevertheboyis!2)How+adv.+subject+verbHowfasttheboyruns!3)What+noun+subject+verbWhatfunitistoplaywithsnow!4)What+a/an+adj.+可数单数+subject+verbWhatacleverboyheis!5)What+adj.+可数复数+subject+verbWhatcleverboystheyare!6)What+adj.+不可数+subject+verbWhatexpensivefurnitureitis!第25页共25页
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