高中英语2025届高考语法复习名词性从句知识讲解

高考英语语法复习名词性从句知识讲解一、名词性从句的引导词引导词意义例句连词That,if,whether,asif,because等只起连接作用，不在从句中作任何成分。That没有具体意义；whether和if意为“是否”；asif意为“好像”；because意为“因为”。Asif和because常引导表语从句Ihaveheard(that)hewillcomebacknextweek.Whethershewilljoinusdoesnotmattertoomuch.Helooksasifheisveryangry.连接代词Which,what,who,whom,whatever,whoever等在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语等。Which表示选择意义；what指物；who和whom指人；whatever和whoever表示泛指意义IwonderwhowillteachusEnglish.That’swhathewants.Whateverwassaidheremustbekeptsecret.连接副词When,why,where,how等在从句中分别作时间、原因、地点和方式状语等Hedidn’ttellmewhenhewouldleave.Howhebecamerichovernightisstillapuzzle.二、名词性从句的分类类别说明例句主语从句“主语从句+谓语+其他成分”型Thatshewillcometoourpartyiscertain.“It+be+形容词/名词/过去分词+主语从句”型Itisquiteclearthattheearoftheelephantislikeahugefan.Itiscommonknowledgethatfishcan’tlivewithoutwater.Itisreportedthatthepolicewillsoonlookintothecaseoftwomissingchildren.“It+occurs/occurred/happens/happened等+that从句”型Ithappenedthathewentbythatstore.他碰巧经过那家商店。宾语从句动词的宾语从句紧跟在及物动词后Youcantakewhateveryouthinkisuseful.可用it作形式宾语，而把宾语从句放在句末Ithinkitnecessarythatyoushouldpaymoreattentiontoyourpronunciation.介词的宾语从句that引导的宾语从句一般不限在介词后。如果需要，一般先用it作形式宾语，然后再接从句YoumaydependonitthatIshallalwayshelpyou.表语从句Thetroubleisthatweareshortoffunds.Hehasheartdisease.Thatisbecausehehas3 引导主语从句的词都可以引导表语从句，且用法基本一样。另外表语从句还可以用because,asif,asthough引导beensmokingtoomuch.同位语从句后跟同位语从句的多是一些表示抽象含义的名词，如fact,hope,idea,information,news,problem,possibility,promise,suggestion,truth等Ihavenoideawhowillbeinchargeofthecompanywhenthemanagerisaway.Ididnotreceivethenewsthatthemeetinghadbeenputoff.三、that与what的用法区别引导词区别例句that在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用，没有词汇意义Thatsheisarichwomanisknowntous.what在从句中充当句子成分，表示一定的意义Whattheteachersaidhadagoodeffectonthechildren.四、只用whether不用if的情况情况例句引导位于句首的主语从句时Whetheritistrueremainsaquestion.引导表语从句和同位语从句时Thequestioniswhetherweshouldgoonwiththework.引导为了强调而置于句首的宾语从句时WhetherhewillcomeIamnotsure.从句作介词或discuss等的宾语时Itdependsonwhetheritwillbefine.Wediscussedwhetherweshouldusethemoneytobuyanewhouse.与ornot直接连用时Idon’tknowwhetherornothearrives.句子中已有if引导的条件句时HeaskedmewhetherI’dmovetoNewYorkifIgotthejob.用if容易产生歧义时Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouneedhelp.注意：（1）用it作形式主语把主语从句后置时，whether和if都可使用，否则只能用whether。Ithasn’tbeendecidedyetwhether/ifweshallholdameeting.（2）从句为否定结构时一般用if不用whether。Idon’tknowifitwon’traintomorrow.五、doubt,sure后的从句的引导词句型从句引导词例句doubt主句是肯定句，用if或whetherIdoubtif/whetherhewillcomesoon.主句是否定句，用thatIneverdoubtedthathewouldcome.suresure后的从句用thatI’msurethathecanpasstheexam.Notsure后的从句用if或whetherI’mnotsureif/whetherhecanhelpme.六、what,who与whatever,whoever的区别3 区别例句What,who是指具体的人或物，有特指含义Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.Whomadethecallisnotimportant.Whatever,whoever表示任何一个人或事物，有泛指含义，语气比what,who强烈Idon’tbelieveinlettingchildrendowhatevertheylike.I’llmakefriendswithwhoevercansharebothmyjoysandsorrows.七、宾语从句不省略that的情况情况例句That从句与谓语被短语、词组等分隔开时Theytoldusonceagainthatthiswouldneverhappen.有多个由that引导的从句时，只有第一个从句中的that可省略Hesaid(that)hehadfinishedreadingthisnovelandthathewouldborrowanotherone.that引导的名词性从句与另一名词性从句作并列宾语时EveryonecouldseewhatwashappeningandthatTomwasreallyshocked.3