重庆市巴蜀中学校2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试卷（Word版附解析）

高2025届高二(上)半期考试英语试卷注意事项:1.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、班级、学校在答题卡上填写清楚。2.每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。在试卷上作答无效。3.考试结束后,请将答题卡交回,试卷自行保存。满分150分,考试用时120分钟。第I卷(选择题)第一部分听力(共两节,满分20分)第一节(共5小题:每小题1分,满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.What’swrongwiththewoman’sfoot?A.It’sbroken.B.Ithasaskindisease.C.Itgotburnedbyhotoil.2.WhatwasSparkyprobablydoing?A.Tryingonahat.B.Destroyingahatoratie.C.Chewingononeofhistoys.3.Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?A.Totheoffice.B.Tothelibrary.C.Tothedininghall.4.Whydidthewomanstartherbusiness?A.Tolearnaboutdogs.B.Tohelpherneighbors.C.Tofinisharesearchprojectforschool.5.Wheremightthespeakersbe?A.Onabridge.B.Atamovietheater.C.Inacar.第二节(共15小题:每小题1分,满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6.WhatclassdidthemantakefromMrs.Kirklandlastyear?A.Music.B.History.C.Drama.7.Whatdoesthewomanwanttoavoidperforming?A.Anoldplay.B.Afunnyplay.C.Apopularplay.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.Whodresseduplikeawolflastyear?A.Peter.B.Michelle.C.Susan.9.WhatwillthespeakersdoforHalloween?AGolookingforcandy.B.Gotoafriend’shouse.C.Gotoaclub.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Familymembers.B.Salesmanandcustomer.C.Instructorandstudent.11.Whatisthewoman’sopinionofthecar?A.It’stoosmallforher.B.It’stoofastforher.C.It’sperfectforher.12.Howmuchmoneyisthewomanwillingtospend?A.$30,000.B.$50,000.C.$60,000.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Travelguides.B.Languageclasses.C.Translatingresources.14.WhyisthewomancomplainingaboutGoogle.A.It’snotveryconvenient.B.TheGermantranslationsaren’taccurate.C.Shedoesn’tliketheFrenchtranslations.15.WholikelyspeaksRussian?A.Theman.B.Thewoman.C.Thewoman’sfriend.16.Howdoesthemangethelpwithhishomeworknow?A.Helooksupwordsonadictionaryapp.B.HeusestheGoogleTranslateprogram.C.Hesendsamessagetopeopleinalanguagegroup.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。 17.Whydidthepolicegotothefactory?A.Afirebrokeoutthere.B.Stolencarswerestoredthere.C.Afamouspaintingwashiddenthere.18.Whoprobablycalledtheshopownertwohourslater?A.Thepolice.B.Thesuspect.C.Theshopowner’sfamily.19.Howdidthepolicecatchthemanwhostolethebike?A.Therewasawitness.B.Hewascaughtoncamera.C.Hiswalletwasfoundintheshop.20.Whatdoesthespeakerprobablythinkofthemaninthemainstory?A.Heiskind.B.Heissmart.C.Heissilly.第二部分阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分;满分50分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A2023iszippingalongatquiteaspeed,andLondon’salreadywitnessedsomegreatexhibitions.Butbigtreats—includingKubrick,TutankhamunandWilliamBlake—arestilltocome.VanGogh’sSunflowersandStarryNightOvertheRhoneAmajorexhibitionatTateBritain,whichexamineshowVanGoghwasinspiredbyBritishart,andhowheinturninspiredBritishartists.HisfamousSunflowersfillthegallerywithjoy,whileaworkofared-hairedmanwithsharpblueeyesstaresoutintenselyatvisitors.TheEYExhibition:VanGoghandBritainatTateBritain.Until11August2024,£22.GlassMasteratKewGardensDaleChihulycreatessculpturesoutofglassthatwewouldnormallythinkimpossible.Hisbrightcolourfulformstwistandexpandasiftheyarelivingcreatures.Giventheorganicnatureofhiswork,placing32ofthesesculpturesaroundKewGardensfeelslikeanaturalfit.ChihulyatKew:ReflectionsonNatureatKewGardens.13April-27October2024,£13.75(includesgeneraladmissiontothegardens).AIatBarbicanMachinesaregettingsmarter—inourphones,inourhomesandsoonthey’llbedrivingusaround.Whatdoesthismeanforus?Whatwillahumanbeinglooklikeinthefuture?Leadingresearchersandfamousartistswilltake onthesemassivequestionsinanexhibitionandtrytotellusinawaycombiningtechnologyandart.AI:MorethanhumanatBarbican.16May-26August2024,£15.WilliamBlakeatTateBritainThelargestWilliamBlakeexhibitionin20yearscomestoTateBritainthisautumn,celebratingtheworkofasingularartistictalent.Blake’sill-fatedexhibitionof1809heldabovehisfamily’sshopinSoho,meantthatheneverreceivedpublicpraiseinhistime.TateBritainhopestochangethis,byexhibitingover300originalwatercolors,paintingsandprints—aswellasrecreatingthetinydomesticroominwhichBlakecreatedmostofhisworks.WilliamBlake:TheArtistatTateBritain.11September2023-2February2024,£181.Howmanyexhibitionscanpeopleenjoyatmoston18August2024inLondon?AOne.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.2.Whoseworksinthelistedexhibitionsfeaturesharmonywithnature?A.VanGogh.B.DaleChihuly.C.AI.D.WilliamBlake.3Whatdothefourexhibitionshaveincommon?A.Theyarecreatedbyfamousartists.B.Theyreflecthi-techachievements.C.Theycovercertainelementsofart.D.Theyexplorehumannaturetoadegree.【答案】1.B2.B3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了伦敦即将举行的几个重要的展览。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第四个展览的举办时间“Until11August2024(到2024年8月11日)”、“13April-27October2024(2024年4月13日至10月27日)”、“16May-26August2024(2024年5月16日至8月26日)”和“11September2023-2February2024(2023年9月11日-2024年2月2日)”可知，2024年8月18日人们最多可以看2个展览。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据GlassMasteratKewGardens部分中“Hisbrightcolourfulformstwistandexpandasiftheyarelivingcreatures.Giventheorganicnatureofhiswork,placing32ofthesesculpturesaroundKewGardensfeelslikeanaturalfit.(他鲜艳的形状扭曲和扩展，好像他们是活生生的生物。考虑到他作品的有机性质，在Kew花园周围放置32个这样的雕塑感觉很自然)”可知，DaleChihuly的作品和自然界非常匹配，故选B。 【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第一个展览的介绍“AmajorexhibitionatTateBritain,whichexamineshowVanGoghwasinspiredbyBritishart,andhowheinturninspiredBritishartists.(在英国泰特美术馆举办的一场大型展览，探讨梵高如何受到英国艺术的启发，以及他如何反过来启发了英国艺术家)”、第二个展览的介绍“DaleChihulycreatessculpturesoutofglassthatwewouldnormallythinkimpossible.(DaleChihuly利用玻璃创作了我们通常认为不可能的雕塑)”、第三个展览的介绍“Leadingresearchersandfamousartistswilltakeonthesemassivequestionsinanexhibitionandtrytotellusinawaycombiningtechnologyandart.(顶尖的研究人员和著名的艺术家将在展览中面对这些巨大的问题，并试图以一种结合技术和艺术的方式告诉我们)”和第四个展览的介绍中“ThelargestWilliamBlakeexhibitionin20yearscomestoTateBritainthisautumn,celebratingtheworkofasingularartistictalent.(今年秋天，20年来规模最大的WilliamBlake展览将在泰特美术馆举行，庆祝这位独一无二的艺术天才的作品)”可知，四个展览都与艺术有关，体现了某种艺术元素，故选C。BItwasawarmsummerafternooninmid-JulyattheJerseyshore.Myfour-year-oldsonandIhitthesandandstartedouradventurewithbucketinhand.Irememberedthedaysnotsolongagowhenatriptothebeachwasjustunbearableformylittleboy.Hissensitivitiestosights,sounds,andtoucheswouldpreventusfromenjoyingeverydayactivities.Myson,Will,wasdiagnosedwithautismspectrumdisorder(ASD自闭症谱系障碍).However,presently,wewereabletowalkalongtheedgeofthewater,lookingforseashellstofillourredsandcastle-shapedbucket.Willbeganpickingupwhatevershellshesawlyinginthesand.Afterawhile,Ilookedintothebucketandsawnothingbutbrokenshells.“Will,”Isaidsoftly,“alloftheseshellsarebroken.Youneedtofindshellslikethis,”Icontinued,asIheldupaperfectlyshapedclamshellwithpatience.Willgavemeapuzzledlookandcontinuedonhisway,gatheringwhatevershellshecameupon.Istopped,butthistimeIaskedinasternvoice,“Will,whydoyoukeepfillingourbucketwithbrokenshells?”Helookedupatmewithhisbigblueeyesandreplied,“Mom,theseshellsarebroken,buttheyarestillbeautiful.”Hebeganpullingoutdifferentshellsandcommentingontheiruniqueness.“Thisoneisbroken,butlook,ithasthecolorpurpleonit.Mom,noneofyourshavepurpleonthem,”hesaidwithsuchpride.“And,Mom,thisonelookslikeasmilewhenyouholditthisway,”hesaidashereachedforanotherbrokenshell.“Itremindsmeofaclown.Thisoneisroundlikethesun,andtheseonesarestucktogetherlikebutterflywings...”myeyesgraduallyfilledwithtears.“You’reright,Will,”Iagreed.Wewalkedalongthebeach,collectingonlybrokenshellsinourbucketandadmiringtheirbeauty. 4.WhatkeptWillfromgoingtothebeachinthefirstplace?A.Lackofcompany.B.Timelimits.C.Personalpreference.D.Hismedicalcondition.5.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“stern”inPara4?A.ConfusedB.ProudC.SeriousD.Gentle6.WhydidWillmentionthepurplecoloronashellwithpride?A.Becausehewasintotheshellsofenormoussizes.B.Becauseheknewpurplewastherarestcolorforseashells.C.Becauseheregardedthepurpleshelluniquethoughbroken.D.Becausehewasremindedofhisfavoritetoyathome.7.Whatlessoncanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Chancefavorsthosewhoarewellprepared.B.Beautycanstillbefoundinimperfection.C.Happinessinlifeistomoveforward.D.Experienceisthefatherofwisdom.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者带着自闭症患儿儿子去海滩捡贝壳的经历。起初，儿子只捡破碎的贝壳，而作者一再告诫他捡好的贝壳，但儿子的回答让作者感动：破碎的贝壳也是美丽的，每个破碎的贝壳都有独特之处。最后，作者和儿子只捡破碎的贝壳，一起欣赏它们的美丽。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Irememberedthedaysnotsolongagowhenatriptothebeachwasjustunbearableformylittleboy.Hissensitivitiestosights,sounds,andtoucheswouldpreventusfromenjoyingeverydayactivities.Myson,Will,wasdiagnosedwithautismspectrumdisorder(ASD自闭症谱系障碍).(我记得不久以前，我的小男孩对去海滩旅行感到难以忍受。他对视觉、听觉和触觉的敏感会妨碍我们享受日常活动。我的儿子威尔被诊断患有自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)，)”可知，刚开始作者的儿子之所以不去海滩是因为他对视觉、听觉和触觉的敏感会妨碍享受日常活动即作者的儿子被诊断为自闭症谱系障碍。故选D。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段中“ “Will,”Isaidsoftly,“alloftheseshellsarebroken.Youneedtofindshellslikethis,”Icontinued,(“威尔，”我轻声说，“这些贝壳都碎了。你需要找到这样的贝壳，”我继续说，)”以及第四段中划线词后面的句子““Will,whydoyoukeepfillingourbucketwithbrokenshells?”(“威尔，你为什么总是把破贝壳装满我们的桶？”)”可知，作者一直让儿子收集的是好的贝壳，可是威尔却用破贝壳装满了水桶，因此作者很严肃地询问威尔原因是什么。因此划线词与C选项“Serious(严肃的)”为同义词。故选C。 【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Hebeganpullingoutdifferentshellsandcommentingontheiruniqueness.“Thisoneisbroken,butlook,ithasthecolorpurpleonit.Mom,noneofyourshavepurpleonthem,”hesaidwithsuchpride.(他开始拿出不同的贝壳，评论它们的独特性。“这个是坏的，但是你看，上面是紫色的。妈妈，你的衣服上没有紫色的，”他自豪地说。)”可知，威尔之所以骄傲地提到紫色的贝壳，是因为作者的衣服上没有紫色，因此威尔认为紫色是独特的。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““Itremindsmeofaclown.Thisoneisroundlikethesun,andtheseonesarestucktogetherlikebutterflywings...”myeyesgraduallyfilledwithtears.(“这让我想起了小丑。这个像太阳一样圆，这些像蝴蝶翅膀一样粘在一起……我的眼里渐渐充满了泪水。)”以及最后一段中““You’reright,Will,”Iagreed.Wewalkedalongthebeach,collectingonlybrokenshellsinourbucketandadmiringtheirbeauty.(“你说得对，威尔。”我表示同意。我们沿着海滩散步，把破碎的贝壳放进桶里，欣赏它们的美丽。)”可知，通过儿子的话，作者明白到即使有一些残缺贝壳，可是它们依旧很美。因此读者可以从文章中明白——在不完美中仍然可以发现美的道理。故选B。CCovid-19isnotthefirstdiseasetomigratefromanimalstohumans.TheBlackDeathofthe14centurywasspreadbyfleas(跳蚤).TheH1N1virusbehindtheepidemicof1918originatedinbirds.Thelistgoeson.Inthelasttwodecadesalone,we’vebeenhauntedbyzoonotic(人畜共患的)outbreaks,includingSARS,MERS,Ebola,birdflu,andmostrecently,COVID-19andmonkey-pox.SomeresearchersarebeginningtocallthiseraaPandemicene.AstudypublishedinthejournalNatureinAprilsuggeststhatclimatechangemaybetoblame.“Thestudycomesfromasimpleidea,”saysColinCarlson,aglobalchangebiologistandaleadauthorofthepaper.Climatechangeismakingmanyhabitatsinhabitable.Whenanimalsmigratetowardcoolerclimates,theyintroducevirusestonewenvironments.“Thatleadstointerestingproblemsfromaviralstandpoint,”saysCarlson.Topredictdisplacementpatterns,Carlsonandhiscolleaguestaughtmachine-learningmodelsthekindsofhabitatsusedbydifferentmammals.Themodelingsoftwarethenpredicted,underarangeofpossibleclimatefutures,wheresuchconditionsmightbefoundin2070,heexplains.Manyanimalswillheadtocoolermountains,ortocoastalregionswithmildclimates;Indonesia,thePhilippines,India’sRiftValley,andSahelregionareallexpectedtohavesky-highhumanpopulationdensitiesandbiodiversitylevelsbytheyear2070,makingthemeasytobeaffectedbyoutbreaksofzoonoticdisease.Carlsonandhiscolleaguespairedthesepredictionswithamodelthatanalyzeswhydifferentanimalsshareviruses.Thesameflightcapabilitiesthatmakebatsexcellentmosquito-huntersandseed-spreaders,forexample, alsomakethemmorelikelytotransmitdiseases.Andwhileit’seasierforvirusestospreadbetweencloselyrelatedspecies,evenvirusesforourdistantrelativescanfindpurchaseinus,givenenoughopportunitiesforinfection.Carlsonandhiscolleaguesestimatethatby2070,therewillbeatleast3,000instancesofnovelcross-speciesinfection.Notallwillbecomepandemics,butsomewill.8.Whyisthiseracalled“Pandemicene”byresearchersinparagraph2?A.Manyspeciesaredisappearingfromtheearth.B.Theclimatechangehasbecomeunpredictable.C.Habitatsforwildlifearedestroyedbyhumanactivity.D.Diseasetransmittedfromanimalsaretroublinghumans.9.WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldColinCalsonprobablyagree?A.Infectiousdiseasesarerarelyrelatedtoanimals.B.Migrationofanimalscanleadtoviraloutbreaks.C.Livableplacesforwildanimalsshouldbeprotected.D.Globalpopulationanddensitywillreachthepeakin2070.10.WhatcanbeinferredfromCarlson’sresearchinParagraph5?A.Virusescanbespreadbetweendistantlyrelatedspecies.B.Bats’flightcapabilitiesmakethemimmunetodiseases.C.Wildcreaturesaregivenmanyopportunitiestospreaddisease.D.Humansmaybeinfectedwithdifferentvirusesatthesametime.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?.A.ColinCarlson,aGlobalChange.BiologistB.ClimateChange,aReasonforAnimalMigrationC.HabitatProtection,anEffectiveWaytoBiodiversityD.Cross-speciesInfection,aBigThreattoHumanBeings【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了研究表明人畜共患病爆发可能归咎于气候变化。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Inthelasttwodecadesalone,we’vebeenhauntedbyzoonotic(人畜共患的)outbreaks,includingSARS,MERS,Ebola,birdflu,andmostrecently,COVID-19andmonkey-pox.SomeresearchersarebeginningtocallthiseraaPandemicene( 仅在过去的二十年里，我们就被人畜共患疾病爆发困扰，包括SARS、MERS、埃博拉、禽流感，以及最近的新冠肺炎和猴痘。一些研究人员开始将这个时代称为疫情时代。)”可知，在过去了二十年里，人类深受各种人畜共患病爆发带来的困扰，所以这个时代被称为疫情时代。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Whenanimalsmigratetowardcoolerclimates,theyintroducevirusestonewenvironments.‘Thatleadstointerestingproblemsfromaviralstandpoint,’saysCarlson.(当动物向凉爽的气候迁移时，它们会将病毒引入新的环境。Carlson说：‘从病毒的角度来看，这导致了一些有趣的问题。’)”可知，动物迁徙时会将病毒引入新的环境，Calson认为从病毒的角度来看这会导致一些有趣的问题。由此可推测出，ColinCalson可能同意动物的迁徙可能导致病毒爆发这一观点。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Andwhileit’seasierforvirusestospreadbetweencloselyrelatedspecies,evenvirusesforourdistantrelativescanfindpurchaseinus,givenenoughopportunitiesforinfection.(虽然病毒更容易在亲缘关系密切的物种之间传播，但如果有足够的感染机会，即使是我们远亲的病毒也可以在我们身上找到支点。)”可推测出，在合适的条件下，亲缘关系远的物种之间也能传染病毒。故选A。【11题详解】标题归纳题。通读全文可知，第二段“Inthelasttwodecadesalone,we’vebeenhauntedbyzoonotic(人畜共患的)outbreaks,includingSARS,MERS,Ebola,birdflu,andmostrecently,COVID-19andmonkey-pox.SomeresearchersarebeginningtocallthiseraaPandemicene.AstudypublishedinthejournalNatureinAprilsuggeststhatclimatechangemaybetoblame.(仅在过去的二十年里，我们就被人畜共患疾病爆发困扰，包括SARS、MERS、埃博拉、禽流感，以及最近的新冠肺炎和猴痘。一些研究人员开始将这个时代称为疫情时代。4月份发表在《自然》杂志上的一项研究表明，气候变化可能是罪魁祸首。)”引出本文主题，气候变化可能是当今人畜共患病爆发的罪魁祸首，再结合最后一段“Carlsonandhiscolleaguesestimatethatby2070,therewillbeatleast3,000instancesofnovelcross-speciesinfection.Notallwillbecomepandemics,butsomewill.(Carlson和他的同事估计，到2070年，将至少有3000例新的跨物种感染病例。不是所有的都会成为流行病，但有些会。)”可知，人畜共患病将变得越来越严重。全文围绕“人畜共患病”展开，人畜共患病对人类造成了巨大威胁，所以D项“跨物种感染，人类的一大威胁”最适合作本文标题。故选D。DFormorethanhalfacentury,scientistshavesoughttounderstandX-raysfromspaceandwhattheyrevealaboutourgalaxyandtheuniversebeyondit.Asitturnsout,lobsterscanhelpastronomersdojustthat.Lobsters(龙虾)havedevelopedspecializedeyestoseeintheirdarkhabitatslocateduptoaround2,300feetbelowtheoceansurface.Unlikehumans,whoseeyesconsistofroundedlensesthatbendlight,lobsters’eyes dependonreflection.Eachoftheirtwoeyesispackedwithupto10,000square-shapedtubes.Eachtubeislinedwithaflat,reflectivesurfacethatactslikeamirrortodirectincominglightdowntotheretina(视网膜).Thissetupaffordslobstersafull180-degreeview,comparedwithhumans’120-degreevision.Thebreakthroughideaconnectinglobstereyestoastronomycamein1978whenRogerAngel,anastronomerattheUniversityofArizona,drewinspirationfromanarticleonanimalvision.AngelenvisionedcreatinginstrumentsimitatinglobstereyestoenhancethecaptureofcosmicX-raysduringmissionsbeyondEarth’sorbit.In1992,researchersfromColumbiaUniversityranthefirstsuccessfulX-raymeasurementsusinglobster-eyeinstruments.Ittookanother15yearsbeforethetechwasadaptedforspacecraftmissions.“Thisisatechnologythat’sbeenaroundalongtimeinastrophysics,”saysScottPorter,anastrophysicistattheNASAGoddardSpaceFlightCenter.Today,Porter’steamhasdevelopedspecializedinstrumentstobetterunderstandhowsolarwindinteractwithEarth’smagnetic(磁的)field.ResearcherspackthousandsoftinyglasstubesandthenheatandcurvethemtocreateaballshapethatcanconcentratetheX-raysintoasingularpoint.Plus,manyofthesetoolsaremuchlighterandsmallerthantraditionalX-rayinstruments,andthereforeeasiertoincorporateintomulti-instrumentmissions.Portersaysthatthenumberofapplicationsforlobster-basedinstrumentshaveincreasedinrecentyears.Asprojectsreceivefunding,lobstereyeinstrumentsmaybecomeakeytoolinourquesttobetterunderstandthevast,mysteriousuniverse.12.Howdoesthestructureoflobstereyescontributetotheirvisioncapabilities?A.Thesquare-shapedlenseshelptheeyesfocusbetter.B.Tubesintheeyescanrefractlightinmultipledirections.C.Theshapeoftheeyescanprovideaclearerfieldofvision.D.Reflectivesurfacesoftubesintheeyesdirectlighttotheretina.13.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph3aboutlobster-eyeinstruments?A.TheywerefirstinventedbyRogerAngel.B.Theyaredevelopedfordeep-seaexploration.C.Theywerefirstintroducedinspacemissionsin2007.D.TheyhelpedresearcherscapturecosmicX-raysin1992.14.WhatisPorter’sattitudetowardslobster-basedinstruments?A.SkepticalB.Positive.C.Indifferent.D.Confused.15.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Theapplicationoflobster-eyeinstrumentsinvariousfields. B.Theuniquesetupoflobstereyesadaptedfordeep-seavision.C.Thedevelopmentoflobster-eyeinstrumentsforspaceX-rays.D.Thedifferencebetweenlobster-eyeinstrumentsandtraditionalones.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍科学家们发现龙虾的眼睛可以帮助他们观测太空中的X射线，指导探索更远的宇宙。近年来，龙虾眼睛仪器得到了越来越广泛的应用。未来，它可能成为帮助科学家更好地了解神秘宇宙的关键工具。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Unlikehumans,whoseeyesconsistofroundedlensesthatbendlight,lobsters’eyesdependonreflection.Eachoftheirtwoeyesispackedwithupto10,000square-shapedtubes.Eachtubeislinedwithaflat,reflectivesurfacethatactslikeamirrortodirectincominglightdowntotheretina(视网膜).Thissetupaffordslobstersafull180-degreeview,comparedwithhumans’120-degreevision.(人类的眼睛是由能弯曲光线的圆形晶状体组成的，而龙虾的眼睛不同于人类，它们的眼睛依靠反射。它们的每只眼睛都布满了多达一万个方形的管子。每个试管都有一个平坦的反射表面，像镜子一样将入射光引导到视网膜上。这种设置为龙虾提供了一个完整的180度视野，而人类的视野只有120度)”可知，龙虾眼睛的结构对它们的视觉能力的影响在于眼睛里的反射管将光线直射到视网膜。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“In1992,researchersfromColumbiaUniversityranthefirstsuccessfulX-raymeasurementsusinglobster-eyeinstruments.Ittookanother15yearsbeforethetechwasadaptedforspacecraftmissions.(1992年，哥伦比亚大学的研究人员使用龙虾眼仪器进行了第一次成功的X射线测量。15年后，这项技术才被应用于航天器任务)”可知，1992年研究人员使用龙虾眼仪器进行了第一次成功的X射线测量，15年后即2017年，这项技术才被应用于航天器任务。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中““Thisisatechnologythat’sbeenaroundalongtimeinastrophysics,”saysScottPorter,anastrophysicistattheNASAGoddardSpaceFlightCenter.(美国宇航局戈达德太空飞行中心的天体物理学家斯科特·波特说：“这项技术在天体物理学领域已经存在很长时间了。”)”以及最后一段中“Portersaysthatthenumberofapplicationsforlobster-basedinstrumentshaveincreasedinrecentyears.Asprojectsreceivefunding,lobstereyeinstrumentsmaybecomeakeytoolinourquesttobetterunderstandthevast,mysteriousuniverse.(波特说，近年来，基于龙虾的仪器的应用数量有所增加。随着项目获得资金，龙虾眼仪器可能成为我们更好地了解浩瀚、神秘宇宙的关键工具) ”可知，波特认为这项技术在天体物理学领域已经存在很长时间了，并且在近年来基于龙虾的仪器的应用数量有所增加而且在未来这种仪器可能成为我们了解和探索宇宙的关键，因此波特对龙虾眼仪器的态度是积极的。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Formorethanhalfacentury,scientistshavesoughttounderstandX-raysfromspaceandwhattheyrevealaboutourgalaxyandtheuniversebeyondit.Asitturnsout,lobsterscanhelpastronomersdojustthat.(半个多世纪以来，科学家们一直试图了解来自太空的X射线，以及它们揭示了我们的星系和宇宙之外的什么。事实证明，龙虾可以帮助天文学家做到这一点)”以及通读全文可知，文章介绍的是科学家们发现龙虾的眼睛可以帮助他们观测太空中的X射线，指导探索更远的宇宙。近年来，龙虾眼睛仪器得到了越来越广泛的应用。未来，它可能成为帮助科学家更好地了解神秘宇宙的关键工具。C选项“Thedevelopmentoflobster-eyeinstrumentsforspaceX-rays.(用于空间X射线的龙虾眼仪器的发展过程)”符合文章主旨。故选C。第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Beingresponsiblecanseemhardatfirst,butifyoukeepatit,itwillbecomesecondnaturetoyou.___16___Buttoshowthatyoucancareforyourselfandothers,youneedtodothingsbeforeyou’reasked.Thatshowsyouareresponsibleenoughtoseewhatneedstobedoneandtakecareofit.Placeothers’needsbeforeyourown.Whenyouhaveafamily,friends,orpets,beingresponsiblemaymeanplacingtheirneedsaboveyourown.___17___Whatitmeansisthatyoumayneedtotakecareofyourselflaterifsomeoneyoulovehasaneedrightnow.___18___Ifyouwanttoberesponsible,thenyouhavetofindaroutinethatworksforyouandsticktoit.Forinstance,don’tjuststudyfortenhoursinarowandthengiveuponstudyingforthreeweeks;instead,spendonehoureverydaylookingoverthecoursematerial.Findsolutionsforissuesinsteadofcastingblame.Problemscomeupinanyrelationship.___19___Aresponsiblepersonlooksforsolutionsinsteadoftryingtodecidewhosefaultitis.Peoplewhoarenotresponsiblewiththeirwordswillshoutoutthefirstthingthatcomesintotheirheads,includingcallinganotherpersonnames.Instead,taketimetothinkyourwordsthrough.___20___Ifyoufindyourselftooangrytocontrolwhatyou’resaying,trycountingtoteninyourheadasyoutakedeep,calmingbreaths.Youcaneventelltheotherperson,“Ineedamomenttocalmdown.”A.Don’tletyourangergetthebetterofyou.B.Youneedtotakecareofyourselfandothers. C.Thatdoesn’tmeanyoudon’ttakecareofyourself.D.Doingjustthethingsyouareaskedtodoisresponsible.E.Yourresponsibilitywon’tmeanmuchifitishitormiss.F.Ifyouarenotsure,considerhowitwouldmakeyourselffeel.G.Insteadofblamingtheotherperson,trytofindawaytosolvethem.【答案】16.D17.C18.E19.G20.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文对于如何做一个有责任心的人提出了建议。【16题详解】空后“Buttoshowthatyoucancareforyourselfandothers,youneedtodothingsbeforeyou’reasked.(但为了表明你能关心自己和他人，你需要在被要求之前先做一些事情)”强调被要求前要主动做一些事情，D选项“Doingjustthethingsyouareaskedtodoisresponsible.(只做你被要求做的事情是负责任的)”和空后形成转折，做被要求做的事情是负责的，但可以在被要求之前做一些事情更能体现对自己和他人的关心。故选D。【17题详解】空前“Whenyouhaveafamily,friends,orpets,beingresponsiblemaymeanplacingtheirneedsaboveyourown.(当你有家人、朋友或宠物时，负责任可能意味着把他们的需求放在你自己的需求之上)”建议将他人需求置于自己需求之前，C选项“Thatdoesn’tmeanyoudon’ttakecareofyourself.(这并不意味着你不照顾好自己)”中的代词That指代前文所说的建议，同时承接后文“Whatitmeansisthatyoumayneedtotakecareofyourselflaterifsomeoneyoulovehasaneedrightnow.(这意味着，如果你爱的人现在有需要，你以后可能需要照顾好自己)”，将他人需求置于自己需求之前并不意味着舍弃对自己的照顾，而是要优先考虑他人需求。故选C。【18题详解】该空置于句首，是本段的主旨句。空后“Ifyouwanttoberesponsible,thenyouhavetofindaroutinethatworksforyouandsticktoit.(如果你想要负责任，那么你必须找到一个对你有用的习惯，并坚持下去)”强调要坚持某个有用的习惯，E选项“Yourresponsibilitywon’tmeanmuchifitishitormiss.(如果你的责任是偶然的，那就没有多大意义了)”中的“itishitormiss”和“sticktoit”形成对比，如果责任是偶然的没有什么意义，所以强调要坚持下去。故选E。【19题详解】空后“Aresponsiblepersonlooksforsolutionsinsteadoftryingtodecidewhosefaultitis.(一个负责任的人会寻找解决方案，而不是试图决定是谁的错)”建议要寻找解决办法而不是追责，G选项“Insteadofblamingthe otherperson,trytofindawaytosolvethem.(与其责怪对方，不如试着找到解决问题的方法)”也在强调要寻找解决办法，后文的“looksforsolutions”和选项中的“trytofindawaytosolvethem”同义。故选G。【20题详解】空后“Ifyoufindyourselftooangrytocontrolwhatyou’resaying,trycountingtoteninyourheadasyoutakedeep,calmingbreaths.(如果你发现自己太生气了，无法控制自己说的话，试着在你深呼吸的时候在脑子里数到十)”是自己生气时的解决办法，A选项“Don’tletyourangergetthebetterofyou.(不要让你的愤怒战胜你)”承接后文，也在描述生气的话题。故选A。第三部分英语知识运用(共三节,满分40分)第一节完形填空(共15小题:每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IdaKeelingwas67,weakandsick,whenherdaughterCherylsuggestedaruntoher.Cherylthoughtthatmaybewhatwouldpullhermotheroutfromdarkcloudwassomethingthatwouldgether___21___again.Keelinglivedahardlifewhenyoung,growingup___22___inHarlem,anddoinghardworkinfactoriesduringtheGreatDepression.Shehad___23___herhusbandearly,andtwoofherfourchildrendiedindrug-relatedincidentsin1978and1981.Keelinghadsunkintoadeep___24___,herhealthhadbegunto___25___,andherdaughtersbeganto___26___thattheysoonmightbelosingtheirmotheraswell.IthadbeendecadessinceKeelinghaddoneany___27___,andshewouldlaterrecallthatfirst“mini-run”feelingasifitwouldneverend.Butwhenitdid,“Ijustthrewoffallmybad___28___.”Shehasn’tstoppedrunningsince,andit’snolongeras___29___asitwasduringthatfirstmeet.“Iwasjustexercisingthen,”shesays____30____regardingthatfirstrun,“andnowI’mallovertheworld.”Whenshe’snotrunning,shemustbe____31____.She’sinthegymthreetofourdaysaweekona____32____basis.Partofherhealthydietisoccasionalconsumptionofalcoholmixedwithhercoffeeorwaterto____33____bloodcirculation.She’swrittenabookabouther____34____,titledCan’tNothingBringMeDown:ChasingMyselfintheRaceAgainstTime.Her____35____isalsosuitableforeveryone:“Everydayisanotherdayforward.”21.A.workingB.startingC.exercisingD.winning22.A.poorB.happyC.out-goingD.depressed23.A.metB.leftC.marriedD.lost24.A.dreamB.depressionC.regretD.relaxation 25.A.recoverB.slideC.improveD.disappear26.A.believeB.announceC.worryD.realize27.A.runningB.decisionC.changingD.preparation28.A.mistakesB.memoriesC.analysesD.habits29.A.difficultB.coolC.boringD.unsafe30.A.anxiouslyB.cheerfullyC.unwillinglyD.secretly31.A.wanderingaboutB.doinghouseworkC.makingfriendsD.workingout32.A.regularB.solidC.dailyD.voluntary33.A.aidB.feelC.slowD.resist34.A.achievementsB.puzzlesC.reflectionsD.experiences35.A.prospectB.philosophyC.potentialD.prediction【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.B26.C27.A28.B29.A30.B31.D32.A33.A34.D35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了67岁的IdaKeeling（艾达基林），因家庭遭遇严重的打击而陷入了沮丧和身体上的困境。但是她的女儿建议她去跑步，这让她重新找回了生活的乐趣和意义。自那以后，她一直坚持运动，走遍了世界各地，并在她的经历上写了一本书，激励人们能够面对各种困难和挑战。她的经历告诉我们，每天都是前进的一天，需要坚持和积极面对生活。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：谢丽尔认为，也许能让她母亲从黑暗中走出来的是能让她再次锻炼的东西。A.working工作；B.starting开始；C.exercising锻炼；D.winning获胜。根据后文“shewouldlaterrecallthatfirst“mini-run”feelingasifitwouldneverend.”可知，女儿为了让母亲从黑暗中走出来，再次让母亲跑步，故女儿认为是再次锻炼让母亲从黑暗中走出来。故选C。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：基林年轻时过着艰苦的生活，在哈莱姆区的贫困中长大，在大萧条时期在工厂里做着艰苦的工作。A.poor贫穷的；B.happy开心的；C.outgoing外向的；D.depressed沮丧的。根据“doinghardworkinfactoriesduringtheGreatDepression”可知，母亲基林是过着艰苦生活，在经济大萧条时期，因此成长与贫困之中。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她很早就失去了丈夫，四个孩子中的两个分别于1978年和1981年死于与毒品有关的事件。A.met遇见；B.left离开；C.married结婚；D.lost失去。根据“twoofherfourchildren died”可知，此处表示失去四个孩子，此处应该和早期失去丈夫并列。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：基林陷入了深深的抑郁（沮丧），她的健康状况开始下滑，她的女儿们开始担心她们很快就会失去母亲。A.dream梦想；B.depression沮丧；C.regret后悔；D.relaxation放松。根据前文“Shehad___3___herhusbandearly,andtwoofherfourchildrendiedindrug-relatedincidentsin1978and1981”以及“theysoonmightbelosingtheirmotheraswell.”可知，母亲早期失去了丈夫和死了四个孩子，并且长大后的女儿们担心会失去母亲，因为母亲陷入了深深的抑郁和沮丧中。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.recover恢复；B.slide滑动；C.improve改进；D.disappear消失。根据前文“Keelinghadsunkintoadeep___4___,”可知，因为母亲陷入了抑郁和沮丧中年，所以健康状况不断下滑即健康状况愈发糟糕。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.believe相信；B.announce宣布；C.worry担心；D.realize意识到。根据“Keelinghadsunkintoadeep___4___,herhealthhadbegunto___5___,”可知，因为母亲身体情况愈发糟糕，陷入深深的抑郁中，因此女儿们担心她们可能会失去妈妈。故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：基林已经有几十年没有跑步了，她后来回忆起第一次“迷你跑步”的感觉，好像永远不会结束。A.running跑步；B.decision决定；C.changing改变；D.preparation准备。根据后文“mini-run”可知，基林已经有几十年没有跑步了，第一次“迷你跑步”的感觉，好像永远不会结束。故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当它来的时候（当开始跑步的时候），“我只是摆脱了所有不好的记忆。”A.mistakes错误；B.memories记忆；C.analyses分析；D.habits习惯。根据前文“Shehad___3___herhusbandearly,andtwoofherfourchildrendiedindrug-relatedincidentsin1978and1981.”可知，早期失去了丈夫和死了四个孩子给母亲留下了糟糕的回忆。故选B。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，她再也没有停止过跑步，也不再像第一次比赛时那么困难了。A.difficult困难的；B.cool酷的；C.boring无聊的；D.unsafe不安全的。根据前文“IthadbeendecadessinceKeelinghaddoneany___7___,andshewouldlaterrecallthatfirst“mini-run”feeling”可知，母亲许久未跑步，因此第一次跑步对母亲来说很难。故选A。【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“那时我只是在锻炼，”谈到第一次跑步，她高兴地说，“现在我已经跑遍了世界各地。”A.anxiously焦急地；B.cheerfully愉快地；C.unwillingly不情愿地；D.secretly秘密地。根据前文“Shehasn’tstoppedrunningsince,”可知，自从母亲开始跑步，就停不下来了，由此表示提到跑步母亲感觉到很高兴。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她不跑步的时候，一定是在锻炼。A.wanderingabout徘徊；B.doinghousework做家务；C.makingfriends交朋友；D.workingout运动。根据后文“She’sinthegymthreetofourdaysaweekona___12___basis.”可知，母亲每周有规律地去健身房三到四天，母亲不跑步的时候就在运动。故选D。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她每周有规律地去健身房三到四天。A.regular规律的；B.solid坚实的；C.daily每日的；D.voluntary自愿的。根据“fourdaysaweek”可知，母亲每周三到四天去健身，因此是有规律地锻炼。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她健康饮食的一部分是偶尔喝点酒精和咖啡或水，以帮助血液循环。A.aid帮助；B.feel感觉；C.slow减缓；D.resist抵制。根据前文“occasionalconsumptionofalcoholmixedwithhercoffeeorwater”以及“bloodcirculation”可知，母亲偶尔喝点酒精和咖啡或水，以帮助血液循环。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她将自己的经历写成了一本书，名为《没有什么能让我失望:在与时间的赛跑中追逐自己》。A.achievements成就；B.puzzles谜题；C.reflections反思；D.experiences经历。根据后文“titledCan’tNothingBringMeDown:ChasingMyselfintheRaceAgainstTime.”可知，母亲将自己的经历写成了一本书。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的哲学也适用于每个人：“每一天都是新的一天。”A.prospect前景；B.philosophy哲学；C.potential潜力；D.prediction预测。根据“Everydayisanotherdayforward.”可知，通过跑步母亲重塑人生，即每一天都是新的一天这是母亲的生活哲学。故选B。第二节单项选择(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)请从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。36.Theearthquake-strickenareawasinaccessible________byhelicopter,andtheheavyrainaddedtotherescue’sdifficulty. A.morethanB.ratherthanC.otherthanD.lessthan【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：地震灾区只有直升机才能进入，而大雨又增加了救援的难度。A.morethan超过，不仅仅；B.ratherthan而不是；C.otherthan除了；D.lessthan少于。句中表示“除了直升机，没有其它方式进入”，用介词短语otherthan，符合语境。故选C项。37.Allthestudentshavebeeninformedthatundernocircumstances________theequipmentinthesciencelabsforpersonalaffairs.A.wecoulduseB.mayweuseC.wemayuseD.didweuse【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查倒装句。句意：所有学生都被告知，在任何情况下，我们都不得将科学实验室的设备用于个人事务。句中undernocircumstances意为“绝不”,否定词放句首时句子要进行部分倒装。又根据句意“所有学生被告知绝不能使用科学实验室的设备”，所以选择情态动词may，表示“（征求同意或表示允许）可以”。故选B。38.________isoftenthecase,itisnottheplace,northecondition,butthemindalone________canmakeanyonehappyormiserable.A.As;whatB.Which;thatC.Which;whatD.As;that【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句和强调句。句意：通常情况下，决定一个人快乐或痛苦的不是地点，也不是条件，而是心灵。分析句子结构，空1考查非限制性定语从句，asisoftenthecase表示“情况往往是这样”,as指代后面整个主句内容并在非限制性定语从句中作主语；空2考查强调句Itis…that…，被强调部分是“nottheplace,northecondition,butthemindalone”。故答案选D。39.Thefiercewind________likeahungrywolf,theywerecrowdedtogetherintheircampanddesperatelywaitedfortherescue.A.roaringB.wasroaringC.havingbeenroaredD.toroar【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：狂风像饥饿的狼一样咆哮着，他们挤在营地里，绝望地等待着救援。分析句子可知，此处为独立主格结构，所以此处动词应为非谓语形式，roar(咆哮)与其逻辑主语thefiercewind 之间是主动关系，因此用现在分词表主动。故选A项。40.Aftersingingtheirnationalanthem(国歌)thefootballplayersdancedontothegreenfield,wavingtheirarmsintheairasifthey________eagles.A.hadbeenB.wouldhavebeenC.wereD.wouldbe【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：在唱完国歌后，足球运动员们在绿色的场地上跳舞，在空中挥舞着他们的手臂，好像他们是老鹰。分析句子可知，此处为asif引导方式状语从句，从句是对现在事实的虚拟，所以此处动词应为过去时。故选C项。41.Frank,apromisingyoungmanwithambition,will________hispositionaschairmanoftheStudentAssociationattheendofnextsemester.A.takeinB.takeoffC.takeoverD.takeup【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：弗兰克是一个有抱负、有前途的年轻人，下学期末他将出任学生会主席。A.takein理解；B.takeoff起飞；C.takeover接管；D.takeup开始从事，占据。根据后文“hispositionaschairmanoftheStudentAssociation”指从事主席工作。故选D。42.Although________intenselybymanyfishermen,thebanonfishingwasenforcedbylocalgovernmenteventually.A.opposedB.havingopposedC.tobeopposedD.opposing【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查状语从句的省略和非谓语动词。句意：尽管遭到许多渔民的强烈反对，但这项禁令最终还是被当地政府强制执行了。although引导的让步状语从句，当其后的主语和主句主语一致且有be时，可以省略从句主语和be，此处主语theban与oppose构成被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。完整从句为althoughthebanwasopposedintenselybymanyfishermen，省略了主语theban和was。故选A项。43.—CanyoutakeamessageforMr.Paul?—Ofcourse.I________thecasewithhimthisafternoon,soit________anybother.A.willdiscuss;isB.maydiscuss;isn’tC.willbediscussing;won’tbeD.discuss;willbe【答案】C【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：——你能给Paul先生捎个口信吗？——当然。今天下午我要和他讨论这个案件，所以这不麻烦。根据“thisafternoon”及句意可知，两空都表示将来的事情；第一空表示预计要发生的动作，应用将来进行时；第二空表示“不麻烦”，应用否定句，符合题意。故选C。44.Theveteranremainedina________conditionaftersufferingheartfailure,whichmadehischildrenfeelnervousanduneasyoutsideICU.A.criminalB.conventionalC.criticalD.conscious【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位老兵在心力衰竭后处于危急状态，这让他孩子们在危急监护病房外感到紧张和不安。A.criminal犯罪的；B.conventional传统的；C.critical危急的；D.conscious神志清醒的。根据“whichmadehischildrenfeelnervousanduneasyoutsideICU”可知，老兵的孩子们感到紧张和不安。由此推知，他处于危急状态。故选C。45.Thereislittlechancethatwewillsucceedinchangingthelaw.________,itisvitalthatwestrivefortheequality.A.MoreoverB.NeverthelessC.DespiteD.Additionally【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查副词和介词辨析。句意：我们成功改变法律可能性很小。然而，争取平等是至关重要的。A.Moreover此外（副词），表示递进关系；B.Nevertheless然而（副词），表示转折关系；C.Despite尽管（介词），表示让步关系；D.Additionally此外（副词），表示递进关系。空后有逗号和句子分开，空处应用副词，空前表示成功改变法律的可能性很小，空后表示仍应争取平等，前后是转折的关系，应用Nevertheless来衔接。故选B。第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)第三节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(1-3词)。TraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)hasevolvedoverthousandsofyears.Itisacomprehensivehealthcaresystem___46___(root)inancienttheoryandwisdom.TCMcameintobeingintheprimitive(原始的)society,anditstheory___47___(form)duringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod.DuringtheMingandQingDynasty,doctorstendedtoimproveitdespitepressureanddifficulties.___48___makesChinesemedicinedistinctisitsemphasisonthebalanceofvitalenergywithinthebodyandtherecognitionofthebodyas___49___whole.InTCM,individualsoftenencounterauniquediagnostic(诊断的)approach,___50___involvesconsideringnotjustsymptomsbutalsothelifestyleoftheperson.Chinesemedicine hasawiderangeoftreatments,___51___(include)herbalmedicine,acupuncture(针灸),anddietarytherapy,toaddressboththesymptomsandpotentialimbalances.Infact,TCMdoesn’tonlytreatdiseases;itpromotesoverallwell-beingbyharmonizingthebody,mind,andspirit.Medical___52___(professional)advocatethateachindividualisdifferent,andtheirhealthconditionsmayoriginatefroma___53___(combine)offactors.AncientwisdomandmodernresearchhaveenabledChinesemedicinetofinditsplacealongsideWesternmedicine,___54___anincreasingnumberofpeopleseekingacomprehensiveapproachtohealthcare.AsChinesemedicinebecomesmore___55___(wide)recognized,itnotonlycontributestoindividualhealthbutalsoenrichestheglobalhealthcarelandscape.【答案】46.rooted47.wasformed48.What49.a50.which51.including52.professionals53.combination54.with55.widely【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了中医的来源及其治疗理论。随着中医得到广泛认可，它不仅有助于个人健康，也丰富了全球医疗保健领域。【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一个植根于古老理论和智慧的综合医疗体系。分析句子可知，空处修饰system，system与root为被动关系，此处用过去分词作定语。故填rooted。2.考查动词时态和语态。句意：中医产生于原始社会，其理论形成于春秋时期。分析句子可知，空处缺少动词作谓语，theory与form构成逻辑上的被动关系，根据duringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod可知，句子描述过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为单数。故填wasformed。3.考查名词性从句。句意：中医的独特之处在于它强调身体内生命能量的平衡，并将身体视为一个整体。分析句子可知，is前面的部分为句子的主语从句，从句部分缺少主语，表示物，用连接代词what，放在句首，首字母大写。故填What。4.考查冠词。句意：中医的独特之处在于它强调身体内生命能量的平衡，并将身体视为一个整体。空处缺少冠词，asawhole意思为：作为一个整体。故填a。5.考查定语从句。句意：在中医中，个体通常会遇到一种独特的诊断方法，不仅要考虑症状，还要考虑人的生活方式。分析句子可知，空处缺少关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为approach，作从句的主语，表示物，用which引导。故填which。 6.考查介词。句意：中医有广泛的治疗方法，包括草药、针灸和饮食疗法，以解决症状和潜在的不平衡。分析句子可知，空处后面为并列的名词或者名词短语表列举，空处应为介词including（包括）。故填including。7.考查名词。句意：医学专业人士认为，每个人都是不同的，他们的健康状况可能是由多种因素共同造成的。空处为名词作主语，结合advocate为动词原形可知，主语为复数，表示“专业人士”用professionals。故填professionals。8.考查名词。句意：医学专业人士认为，每个人都是不同的，他们的健康状况可能是由多种因素共同造成的。空处放在介词from后，且前面有a，空处用名词单数。combine对应的名词为combination。故填combination。9.考查with复合结构。句意：随着越来越多的人寻求一种综合的医疗保健方法，古老的智慧和现代的研究使中医与西医一起找到了自己的位置。分析句子可知，空处和后面的成分一起作状语，且anincreasingnumberofpeople为名词性短语，seekingacomprehensiveapproachtohealthcare为现在分词短语，空处表示“随着”，用with构成with复合结构。故填with。10.考查副词。句意：随着中医得到越来越广泛的认可，它不仅有助于个人健康，也丰富了全球医疗保健领域。空处修饰谓语，用副词作状语，表示“广泛地”，用widely。故填widely。第四部分写作(共三节,满分40分)第一节单词拼写(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)请根据首字母或汉语提示,使用选择性必修一unit1和unit2两个单元中的单词填空。空白处只能填入1个单词。56.Despitehisadvancedage,YuanLongpingwasc________toincreasingtheyieldofrice,whichmadehimgainmorerespectfromthewholeworld.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】committed##ommitted【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：尽管年事已高，袁隆平仍致力于提高水稻产量，这使他赢得了全世界的尊重。分析句子可知，空处放在was后，为形容词作表语，结合首字母提示c和句意可知，袁隆平致力于提高水稻产量，committed意思为：尽心尽力的，坚定的，becommittedto意思为：致力于。故填committed。57.Inc________,walkingisacheap,safe,enjoyableandreadilyavailableformofexercise.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】conclusion##onclusion【解析】【详解】 考查名词。句意：总之，散步是一种便宜、安全、愉快、容易获得的锻炼方式。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填名词conclusion，作宾语，短语inconclusion表示“总之”。故填conclusion。58.Dissatisfiedwiththecamera’spoorquality,Ii________onarefundofthefullamount.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】insisted##nsisted【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：我对相机的质量不满意，坚持要求全额退款。分析句子可知，空处为动词作谓语，结合句意可知，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，此处表示“坚持”，构成insiston短语，动词用过去式。故填insisted。59.Itisp________thatdriverlesscarswillbeeverywhereontheroadsinthefuture.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】predicted##redicted【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：据预测，无人驾驶汽车将在未来的道路上随处可见。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填动词predict，此处为句型itispredictedthat...表示“据预测”。故填predicted。60.I’dliketoa________allthehelpIhavereceivedfrommyteam,withoutwhich,Iwouldn’thavemadegreatachievements.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】acknowledge##cknowledge【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：我要感谢我的团队给予我的所有帮助，没有他们的帮助，我不会取得这么大的成就。分析句子，设空处使用动词与空前的to构成不定式结构。根据句意和首字母提示，表示“承认，答谢”用acknowledge。故填acknowledge。61.IndirectbroadcastingroomonTikTok,manycustomersareunconsciouslyp________intobuyingsomethingtheydon’tneed.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】persuaded##ersuaded【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：在抖音的直播间里，很多顾客在不知不觉中被说服买了自己不需要的东西。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填动词persuade，与主语构成被动关系，结合are可知为一般现在时的被动语态。故填persuaded。62.P________willbegiventoapplicantswithsomefluencyinFrench.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】Preference##reference【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：法语流利者优先考虑。分析句子可知，空处用名词作主语，结合willbegiven toapplicantswithsomefluencyinFrench可知，此处表示“优先考虑法语流利者”，preference意思为：偏爱，优先权，为不可数名词，符合题意。放在句首，首字母大写。故填Preference。63.Asaparent,Ihatedseeingmydaughterplayingherbestinthecontest,butstilld________.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】defeated##efeated【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：作为一个家长，我讨厌看到我的女儿在比赛中虽然发挥出了最好的水平，但仍然失败。根据“mydaughterplayingherbestinthecontest”以及转折词“but”可知，此处指“仍然失败了”，defeat“击败，使失败”，动词，和“mydaughter”之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作补足语。故填defeated。64.Ifyoudidn’tachievesuccess________(学术/学业上),youcouldn’thaveachancetobeadmittedintomedicalschool.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】academically【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：如果你在学业上不成功，你就没有机会被医学院录取。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用副词academically，修饰动词achieve，作状语。故填academically。65.Whenourbrains________(转换)betweenbeingfocusedandunfocusedonatask,theytendtobemoreefficient.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】switch【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：当我们的大脑在专注和不专注之间切换时，它们往往会更有效率。分析句子可知，空处为动词作when引导的状语从句的谓语，根据主句的tend可知，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语brains为复数，谓语动词用原形。“转换”译为switch。故填switch。66.Iknewtherewasnoreasontopanic,asmyfuturewas________(安全的)evenifinflationincreased.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】secure【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：我知道没有理由恐慌，因为即使通货膨胀加剧，我的未来也是有保障的。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处为形容词secure，作表语。故填secure。67.Thedecisionofreleasingnuclearwastewaterhashadserious________(后果)forthefishingindustryinJapan.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】consequences【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：排放核废水的决定对日本的渔业造成了严重后果。分析句子可知，空处为名词作宾语，表示“后果”用consequence，此处表示后果有很多种，用名词复数。故填consequences。68.Tomanypeople,technologymeanscomputers,hand-helddevices,orvehiclesthattravelto________(遥远的)planets.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】distant【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：对许多人来说，科技意味着电脑、手持设备或前往遥远星球的交通工具。根据汉语提示可知应填形容词distant，作定语修饰名词planets。故填distant。69.FoodfromdevelopedcountriespouredintoAfrica,butowingtothe________(缺乏)ofefficientdistributionsystem,thehungryremainedempty-stomach.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】absence【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：发达国家的粮食源源不断地流入非洲，但由于缺乏有效的分配系统，饥民们一直是空着肚子。根据汉语提示可知，absence“缺乏”，不可数名词，在句中作介词to的宾语，故填absence。70.Thereisnodenyingthatit’sdifficulttoget________(客观的)scientificresultsfromasubjectivequestionnairewherepeoplereportonthemselves.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】objective【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：不可否认，很难从人们对自己的主观调查问卷中得到客观的科学结果。“客观的”作定语，修饰名词results，用形容词objective。故填objective。第二节读后续写(满分25分)71.ItwasabeautifuldayforsightseeingarounddowntownPortland.Wewereabunchofadvisersonourdayoff,awayfromthecampers,justoutforsomefun.Theweatherwasperfectforapicnic,sowhenlunchtimecame,wesetoursightsonasmallparkintown.Sinceweallhaddifferentdesires,wedecidedtosplitup(分组),getwhateachofuswanted,andmeetbackonthegrassinafewminutes.WhenmyfriendRobbyheadedforahotdogstand,Idecidedtokeephercompany.Wewatchedthevendor(小贩)puttogethertheperfecthotdog,justthewayRobbywantedit.Butwhenshetookouthermoneytopayhim,themansurprisedus.“Itlooksalittleflatononeside,”hesaid,“sonevermindpayingme.Thiswillbefreeof charge.”Wesaidourthanks,joinedourfriendsinthepark,anddugintoourfood.Butaswetalkedandate,Iwasdistractedbyamansittingalonenearby,lookingatus.Icouldtellthathehadn’tshoweredfordays.Anotherhomelessperson,Ithought,likealltheothersyouseeincities.Ididn’tpaymuchmoreattentionthanthat.Wefinishedeatinganddecidedtoheadoffformoresightseeing.ButwhenRobbyandIwenttothegarbagecantothrowawaymylunchbag,Iheardastrongvoiceask,“Thereisn’tanyfoodinthatbag,isthere?”Itwasthemanwhohadbeenwatchingus.Ididn’tknowwhattosay.“No,Iateitalready.”“Oh,”washisonlyanswer,withnoshameinhisvoiceatall.Hewasobviouslyhungry,couldn’tbeartoseeanythingthrownaway,andwasusedtoaskingthisquestion.Ifeltsorryfortheman,butIdidn’tknowwhatIcoulddo.注意:1.所续词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Atthesightofthis,Robbyranoffandwentacrosstothehotdogstand._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Withthehotdoginhishand,thehomelesspeoplewastoochokedtospeak._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Atthesightofthis,Robbyranoffandwentacrosstothehotdogstand.Shequicklyreturnedwithafresh,steaminghotdog.“Hereyouare,”shesaidwarmly,handingittotheman.Hiseyeslitupwithsurpriseandgratitudeasheacceptedtheunexpectedgift.Wecouldseehowmuchitmeanttohim,anditmadeusrealizethepowerofasmallactofkindness.Withthehotdoginhishand,thehomelessmanwastoochokedtospeak.“Thankyousomuch,”hemanagedtosay,hisvoicetrembling.Wesatwithhimforawhile,sharingstoriesandlaughter.Atthatmoment,oursimplepicnicturnedintoameaningfulconnectionwithsomeonewhooftengoesunnoticed.Itwasareminderthatcompassionandgenerositycanmakeadifference,eveninthebriefestencounters.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。作者在一个好天气的休息日出去野餐，在作者和Robby收到热狗摊主的免费馈赠后，作者遇到了一个流浪汉在垃圾桶里找吃的，Robby 也将善意给予了他。这个经历让作者感悟到：赠人玫瑰，手留余香。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“看到这些，罗比跑开了，向热狗摊走去。”可知，第一段可描写Robby买了热狗赠予流浪汉及流浪汉的反应。②由第二段首句内容“那个无家可归的人手里拿着热狗，哽得说不出话来。”可知，第二段可描写作者，Robby和流浪汉聊天及作者的感悟。2.续写线索：Robby赠送热狗——流浪汉感激——陪伴分享——作者感悟3.词汇激活行为类①.递送：hand/pass/deliver②.变成：turninto/changeinto情绪类①.惊讶：surprise/amazement②.感激：gratitude/thankfulness/appreciation【点睛】[高分句型1].“Thankyousomuch,”hemanagedtosay,hisvoicetrembling.（运用独立主格结构）[高分句型2].Atthatmoment,oursimplepicnicturnedintoameaningfulconnectionwithsomeonewhooftengoesunnoticed.（由who引导的限制性定语从句）1-5CBCAB6-10ABABB11-15AACCA16-20CABCC