重庆市第十八中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中英语试题（Word版附解析）

重庆市第十八中学2023—2024学年（上）中期学习能力摸底高一英语试题考试说明：1.考试时间120分钟2.试卷总分150分3.试卷页数6页第一卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthemovie?A.Frightening.B.Interesting.C.Boring.2.Wheredoesthemancomefrom?A.America.B.France.C.Australia.3.Whatsportdoesthewomanlike?A.Skating.B.Skiing.C.Swimming.4.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Fixhercar.B.Giveheralift.C.Completethework.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Interests.B.Health.C.Studies.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答小题。6.Whatisthemandoing?A.Comfortingthewoman.B.Askingforinformation.C.Findingthedamagedbike.7.Whatdoweknowaboutthedriver?A.Hedidn’tdrivefast.B.Hemanagedtosaveaboy.C.Hehadapoorviewoftheroad.听下面一段对话，回答小题。8.Whatdoesthemanhavetodothisafternoon? A.Haveameeting.B.Meetalawyer.C.Seeadoctor.9.Whatwillthewomandofortheman?A.Answerphonecalls.B.Sendsomedocuments.C.Cancelanappointment.听下面一段对话，回答小题。10.HowmanypeoplearethereinPeter’sfamily?A.3.B.4.C.5.11.Whendoesthewholefamilywalkthedog?A.OnFriday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.12.WhatkindofhouseworkdoesPeterdoathome?A.Doingthelaundry.B.Cookingfood.C.Sweepingthefloor.听下面一段对话，回答小题。13.Whatisthewoman?A.Asecretary.B.Atourguide.C.Atravelagent.14.Howlongwillthevacationlast?A.Sevendays.B.Tendays.C.Twoweeks.15.HowmuchisthetourtoAustraliaperperson?A.$300.B.$500.C.$1,000.16.Whywon’tthemangotoAustralia?A.Itisn’twarmenough.B.Thecostisabithigh.C.Hewantstogosomewherefarther.听下面一段独白，回答小题。17.WhenisthefirstmeetingoftheGardenClubthisyear?A.OnMonday.B.OnWednesday.C.OnFriday.18.What’stheaimoftheGardenClub?A.Toteachstudentstogrowfood.B.Topromotehealthyandorganicfood.C.Togrowfoodfortheschool.19.Whatwillbeservedatthefirstmeeting?A.Cabbages.B.Cucumbers.C.Tomatoes.20.Whatdoweknowaboutfirst-yearstudents?A.Theycanonlyworkintheschoolgarden.B.Theyarenotallowedtojointheclub.C.Theywillbeinchargeofcommunitygarden.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ALibrariesarethetempleforbooklovers,themainsourceofknowledgeandwisdom.Herearethebiggestlibrariesintheworld.TheLibraryofCongressTheLibraryofCongressintheUSisthebiggestlibraryintheworld,whosecollectionsarefromallaroundtheworld.Thelibraryhasacollectionof32millioncatalogedbooks.Itreceives22,000copiesperdayfromthepublicationproducedintheUS.SomeofthemajorworksstoredinthelibraryareRoughDraftoftheDeclarationofIndependence,theworld’smostfamousarchitecturaldesignsandsoon.TheBritishLibraryTheBritishLibraryisthenationallibraryoftheUnitedKingdom.Itisthesecondbiggestlibraryintheworld.Itholds150millionitemsfromdifferentcountries.Itreceives8,000copiesperdayfromthepublicationproducedintheUnitedKingdomandIreland.Itscollectionincludes14millionbooks.Everyyearover3millionitemsareaddedtothelibrary.ThemajorhighlightsofthelibrarycollectionareDiamondSutraandAlice’sAdventuresunderGround.LibraryandArchives(档案馆)Canada(LAC)Canadahasthethirdbiggestlibraryintheworld.Thelibraryholds20millionbooks,24millionphotographsandalotofdigitalworks.ItscollectionincludesTheProclamationoftheCanadianConstitutionAct,theBritishNorthAmericaActandmanymorepreciousworks.TheNewYorkPublicLibrary(NYPL)Itisthefourthlargestlibraryintheworld.Itisthepubliclibraryhaving87branches.Thelibraryhasacollectionof53millionitems.Italsohasfourresearchlibrarieswhichareopentothegeneralpublic.YoucanaskanddiscoveraboutanythingontheofficialwebsiteofNYPL.1.WhichofthefollowingworksisstoredintheLibraryofCongress?A.TheBritishNorthAmericaAct.B.Alice’sAdventuresunderGround.C.RoughDraftoftheDeclarationofIndependence.D.TheProclamationoftheCanadianConstitutionAct.2.HowmanynewitemsdoestheBritishLibraryreceiveeveryyear?A.About22,000.B.Morethan8,000. C.About14million.D.Morethan3million.3.Whichlibraryownsanofficialwebsitewhereyoucansearchforallinformation?A.LibraryandArchivesCanada.B.TheLibraryofCongress.C.TheNewYorkPublicLibrary.D.TheBritishLibrary.【答案】1.C2.D3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上四个著名图书馆的情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“SomeofthemajorworksstoredinthelibraryareRoughDraftoftheDeclarationofIndependence,theworld’smostfamousarchitecturaldesignsandsoon.(图书馆收藏的主要作品有《独立宣言》草稿、世界上最著名的建筑设计等)”可知，《独立宣言》草稿被保存在国会图书馆。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据TheBritishLibrary部分中“Everyyearover3millionitemsareaddedtothelibrary.(每年有300多万件图书被添加到图书馆)”可知，大英图书馆每年接收超过300万新物品。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“YoucanaskanddiscoveraboutanythingontheofficialwebsiteofNYPL.(你可以在纽约公共图书馆的官方网站上询问和发现任何事情)”可知，TheNewYorkPublicLibrary有一个官方网站，你可以在那里搜索到所有的信息。故选C。BInanera(时代)whensocialmediaplatformsarefloodedwithlessthanfive-minutevideos,ayoungvloggerwalksagainstthistoproducevideosabout20minuteslong.Thevloggercalled1900(nothisrealname)hasover1.16millionfollowersonBilibili,anonlinevideoplatform.Amongthem,morethan400,000newfollowerswereattractedbyhiselaborationon(精讲)“theredclassicscollection(红色经典系列)”duringthepastfivemonths.When1900wasachild,hewasdeeplyimpressedbythewarscenesinthemovieDecisiveEngagement(《大决战》，1991),whichisaboutChina’sWarofLiberation(1946-49).However,withoutrichknowledgeofthehistory,hedidn’tquiteunderstandthemovie.Almost20yearslater,the35-year-oldrealizedthatfilmsandTVseriessimplify(简化)historicaleventsortheirsignificance.Sohedecidedtomakevideostoelaborateonthoserevolution-themed(革命主题的)filmsandTVseries,sothatviewers,especiallyyoungpeople,canhaveabetterunderstandingofChinesehistory.SinceMayhehasmade27videoselaboratingonTheGreatTransition(《大转折》),theBirthofNew Chinaandmore.Inthesevideos,heattemptstodigupbehind-the-scenesstoriesofhistoricalfigures.Heanalyzesbattlesbyshowingbattlemapstoinformviewersoftheirintensity(激烈).Heevenanalyzespoemstoprovideadeeperhistoricalcontext.Thesedetailsrequirealotofreadingandresearch.Tomakethevideos,1900hassofarreadabout30books.HealsointerviewedhistoryprofessorsandteachersfromPartyschools.Itisatiringprocess,but“detailsmakehistorylivelyandabletobefeltforviewers,”1900said.“Mysloganis‘everythingcanbeelaboratedon’,whichmightseemlikeachallengingtasktosome.ButIguesseverypersoncanfindhisorherfriendswiththesametaste,”hesaid.4.Whatdoweknowabout1900?A.Hebecameavloggeratage20.B.Hisvideosareshortandinformative.C.Heanalyzed“theredclassicscollection”recently.D.Hehasabout400,000followersonBilibili.5.Whydid1900starttomakevideosaboutrevolution-themedfilmsandTVseries?A.HelovedthemovieDecisiveEngagement.B.HewantedtoattractmorefollowersonBilibili.C.HehadagoodcommandofChinesehistory.D.HewantedtomakepeoplebetterunderstandChinesehistory.6.Howdid1900elaborateonthoserevolution-themedfilmsandTVseries?A.Heshowedviewersbattlemaps.B.Heputscenesofhimcollectingbackgroundstoriesinthevideos.C.Hecompareddifferentwarscenesinmovies.D.Hewrotepoemstosummarizethethemesofthefilms.7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.NewRevolution-themedVideosB.AVloggerinlovewithChineseHistoryC.PopularVideosonBilibiliD.TheSignificanceoftheRedClassicsCollectionVideos【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了一位化名为1900的视频博主通过制作对《红色经典系列》的精讲视频吸引了大量粉丝。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Thevloggercalled1900(nothisrealname)hasover1.16millionfollowerson Bilibili,anonlinevideoplatform.Amongthem,morethan400,000newfollowerswereattractedbyhiselaborationon(精讲)“theredclassicscollection(红色经典系列)”duringthepastfivemonths.(这位名叫1900(化名)的视频博主在在线视频平台哔哩哔哩上拥有超过116万粉丝。其中，在过去的五个月里，他对“红色经典系列”的精讲吸引了超过40万的新粉丝。)”可知，他最近分析了“红色经典系列”。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Sohedecidedtomakevideostoelaborateonthoserevolution-themed(革命主题)filmsandTVseries,sothatviewers,especiallyyoungpeople,canhaveabetterunderstandingofChinesehistory.(因此，他决定制作视频，详细介绍那些以革命为主题的电影和电视剧，让观众，特别是年轻人，可以更好地了解中国历史。)”可知，1900开始制作以革命为主题的电影和电视剧，因为他想让人们更好地了解中国历史。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Heanalyzesbattlesbyshowingbattlemapstoinformviewersoftheirintensity(激烈).(他通过展示战斗地图来分析战斗，让观众了解战斗的激烈程度。)”可知，他通过向观众展示战争地图，详细介绍了那些以革命为主题的电影和电视剧。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Thevloggercalled1900(nothisrealname)hasover1.16millionfollowersonBilibili,anonlinevideoplatform.Amongthem,morethan400,000newfollowerswereattractedbyhiselaborationon(精讲)“theredclassicscollection(红色经典系列)”duringthepastfivemonths.(这位名叫1900(化名)的视频博主在在线视频平台哔哩哔哩上拥有超过116万粉丝。其中，在过去的五个月里，他对“红色经典系列”的精讲吸引了超过40万的新粉丝。)”和文章第三段“Sohedecidedtomakevideostoelaborateonthoserevolution-themed(革命主题的)filmsandTVseries,sothatviewers,especiallyyoungpeople,canhaveabetterunderstandingofChinesehistory.(因此，他决定制作视频，详细介绍那些以革命为主题的电影和电视剧，让观众，特别是年轻人，可以更好地了解中国历史。)”可知，文章主要讲述了一位化名为1900的视频博主为了让人们更好地了解中国历史，通过制作对《红色经典系列》的精讲视频吸引了大量粉丝。由此可知，B项：AVloggerinlovewithChineseHistory(一个热爱中国历史的视频博主)是最合适的标题。故选B。CAwildfireinNewMexico,astateinthesouthwesternUS,hasburnedfornearlytwomonths,consumingmorethan315,000acresofland—anareaaboutthesizeofthecityofLosAngeles.“Withclimatechange,itseemslikethemonstersarebeginningtofall,”NASAhydrologistJTReagertoldtheBBC.“Wegetwarmertemperatures,wegetlessrainandsnow.Thereservoirs(水库)startdryingup,theninaplaceliketheWest[oftheUS],wegetwildfires.” Inrecentyears,wildfireshavewreakedhavocacrosscountriesincludingtheUSandAustralia.Thesefiresdestroyhomesandbusinesses,claimlivesandalsonegativelyimpacttheenvironment.Asclimatechangeworsens,globaltemperaturesincreaseandsodoestheriskofwildfires.ArecentreportfromtheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramandGRID-Arendal,apartnerorganizationinNorway,revealsthatwildfiresarebecomingmorefrequentandsevere.Thisisharmfultopeoplearoundtheglobe.AccordingtothejointUNreport,itisestimatedthattheyearly“economicburdenfromwildfirefortheUnitedStatesisbetween$7.1billion(about48billionyuan)and$347.8billion”.AnotherarticlepublishedinNaturejournalonApril19foundthatwildfireshavecreatedseasonalpollutionpatternsinthenorthwesternUS.Between2002and2018,carbonmonoxide(一氧化碳)levelsincreasedeveryyearforthemonthofAugustinthearea.ForestfiresarecommoninChinatoo.Intherecentdecade,thetotalnumberofforestfiresinthecountryeveryyearhasincreasedtomorethan2,000cases,accordingtoThePaper.GreaterHingganMountains(大兴安岭)isoneoftheimportantforestrybasesinChina.TheNationalForestryandGrasslandAdministrationadoptedmountainwatchtowers,forestcamerasandaerialdrones(无人机)topreventforestfiresinthesummer.8.TheauthorquotesReager’swordsinthesecondparagraphto______.A.showtheseriousnessoftherecentwildfireintheUSB.listsomeenvironmentalproblemscausedbywildfiresC.explainhowclimatechangecontributestowildfiresD.providepossiblesolutionstowildfiresaroundtheglobe9.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“wreakedhavoc”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Createdpollution.B.Beenoutofcontrol.C.Causedgreatdamage.D.Drawnmuchattention.10.HowhaswildfireaffectedtheAmericanNorthwestaccordingtothetext?A.Millionsofpeoplehavebeendisplaced.B.Ithascausedseasonalpatternsofpollution.C.Ithasledtoaround$7.1billioneconomiclossannually.D.Carbonmonoxidelevelshaveincreasedyearonyear.11.WhatdoweknowaboutforestfiresinChina?A.Therehasbeenover2,000casesinthelastdecade.B.TheGreaterHingganMountainsexperiencedthelargestone. C.Theywerenotverycommonseveraldecadesago.D.Measureshavebeentakentopreventthemfromhappening.【答案】8.C9.C10.B11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是野火正在变得越来越频繁、危害越来越大。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段““Withclimatechange,itseemslikethemonstersarebeginningtofall,”NASAhydrologistJTReagertoldtheBBC.“Wegetwarmertemperatures,wegetlessrainandsnow.Thereservoirs(水库)startdryingup,theninaplaceliketheWest[oftheUS],wegetwildfires.”(“随着气候变化，这些怪物似乎开始下降，”美国宇航局水文学家JTReager告诉BBC。“气温越来越暖和，雨雪越来越少。水库开始干涸，然后在像美国西部这样的地方，我们会发生野火。”)”可知，JTReager告诉BBC说，气候发生改变，气温上升，雨雪减少，水库干涸，进而美国西部这样的地方会发生野火，由此可推断，作者引用JTReager的话是为了解释气候变化是如何引起野火的。故选C项。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线短语所在的句子后的“Thesefiresdestroyhomesandbusinesses,claimlivesandalsonegativelyimpacttheenvironment.(这些火灾摧毁了房屋和企业，夺走了生命，也对环境产生了负面影响。)”可知，这些野火摧毁房屋和企业，夺走生命而且对环境产生了负面影响，此处是对上文的解释，由此可知，近年来，野火对包括美国和澳大利亚在内的国家造成了严重破坏，由此可知，划线短语的意思与“严重破坏”意义相近。故选C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“AnotherarticlepublishedinNaturejournalonApril19foundthatwildfireshavecreatedseasonalpollutionpatternsinthenorthwesternUS.(4月19日发表在《自然》杂志上的另一篇文章发现，野火在美国西北部造成了季节性污染模式。)”可知，在《自然》杂志上的一篇文章发现，野火对美国西部造成了季节性污染模式。故选B项。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据尾段中的“TheNationalForestryandGrasslandAdministrationadoptedmountainwatchtowers,forestcamerasandaerialdrones(无人机)topreventforestfiresinthesummer.(国家林业和草原局通过山区瞭望塔、森林摄像机和空中无人机来预防夏季森林火灾。)”可知，中国国家林业局和草原局通过瞭望塔、森林摄像机以及无人机来预防森林火灾，由此可知，中国已经采取措施预防森林火灾的发生。故选D项。D Thestereotype(模式化观念)thatgirlsmostenjoythesocialsideofsportandboysthesenseofcompetitionisnottobebelieved,astudyhassuggested.Infact,boysandgirlsaremuchmoresimilarinwhattheythinkmakessportfunthanpeoplethink,accordingtoresearchersintheUS.Togathertheirfindings,ateamfromGeorgeWashingtonUniversityreviewedanearlierstudywhichlookedatwhatmadesportfunforfootballplayersagedeightto19.Theyfoundthatamongthe81‘fun’aspects,winningscoredfurtherdownthanmightbeexpectedafteritwaslistedin40thplace.However,theydidfindsomedifferencesinpriorities(重点)forwhatmakessportfundependingontheageorgender(性别)oftheyoungathletes.Youngerplayersreporteditwasmoreimportanttohaveacoachwhoallowedthemtoplaydifferentpositions(位置)thanolderplayers.Meanwhileboysconsideredcopyingthemovesofprofessionalathletesandimprovingtheirskillstothenextlevelasmoreimportantthanhavingfunonthefieldcomparedtogirls.Theteamsaidtheirfindings,publishedinWomeninSportandPhysicalActivityJournal,couldbeusedbysportorganizationstomaketheirprogramsmorefunandkeepchildrenplayingforlonger.“Whenitcomestoorganizedsports,kidsjustwanttohavefun,”saidAmandaVisek,associateprofessorofexerciseandnutritionsciencesattheMilkenInstituteSchoolofPublicHealth.“Thisresearchdoesnotsupportthecommongenderanddevelopmentalstereotypeswemakeaboutkidsinsports.”DrViseksaidtheirfindingsmadecleargirlsandboyswere“moresimilarthandifferent”whenitcametowhatmadesportfun.“Whatcountsmostforgirlsandboysarethingsliketryingyourbest,workinghard,stayingactive,andplayingwelltogetherasateam,”sheadded.“Thesefindingsarethesameforathletesofyoungerandolderagesandacrossrecreationalandmorecompetitivelevelsofplay.”12.Whatbeliefdopeopletraditionallyholdaboutboysandgirlsinsports?A.Theyhavedifferentathleticabilities.B.Theylikesportsfordifferentreasons.C.Theyshowdifferentinterestsinsports.D.Theyplaysportsatdifferenttimesoftheday.13.Howdoboysdifferfromgirlswhenplayingsportsaccordingtothenewstudy?A.Theyliketryingmoredifferentpositions.B.Theyhavebetterrelationshipswithcoaches.C.Theycaremoreaboutimprovingtheirskills.D.Theythinkit’smoreimportanttohavefunonthefield.14.Whatdidtheresearchteamsuggestsportorganizationsdo?A.Offerfunprograms.B.Maketrainingtimeshorter.C.Treatboyandgirlplayersallthesame.D.Inviteprofessionalathletestocoachkids.15.WhatcanwelearnaboutboysandgirlsinsportsfromDrVisek’swords? A.Theybothalwaysputwinningfirst.B.Theirinterestsinsportschangeastheygrow.C.Theyvaluedifferentthingswhenplayingsports.D.Theysharesimilarideasonwhatmakessportsfun.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了男生和女生在运动方面不同的看法。【12题详解】细节理解题。第一段第一句提到“Thestereotype(模式化观念)thatgirlsmostenjoythesocialsideofsportandboysthesenseofcompetitionisnottobebelieved”（一项研究表明，认为女孩最喜欢运动的社交方面，而男孩最喜欢运动的竞争意识的刻板印象是不可信的。）由此判断，刻板印象认为男女生喜欢运动的原因各不相同。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。第三段第二句提到“Meanwhileboysconsideredcopyingthemovesofprofessionalathletesandimprovingtheirskillstothenextlevelasmoreimportantthanhavingfunonthefieldcomparedtogirls.”（与此同时，与女孩相比，男孩认为模仿专业运动员的动作并将自己的技能提高到一个新的水平比在球场上玩耍更重要。）由此判断，与女孩相比，男孩在运动时会偏向于模仿专业运动员的动作，以提升自己的运动技能。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。最后一段第一句提到“Theteamsaidtheirfindings,publishedinWomeninSportandPhysicalActivityJournal,couldbeusedbysportorganizationstomaketheirprogramsmorefunandkeepchildrenplayingforlonger. ”（研究小组表示，他们发表在《体育与体育活动女性杂志》上的研究结果，可以被体育组织用来让他们的项目更有趣，让孩子们玩得更久。）由此判断，该研究小组建议体育运动要设计的更有趣些，为孩子们提供更有趣的活动。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。最后一段提到““Thisresearchdoesnotsupportthecommongenderanddevelopmentalstereotypeswemakeaboutkidsinsports.”DrViseksaidtheirfindingsmadecleargirlsandboyswere“moresimilarthandifferent”whenitcametowhatmadesportfun.“Whatcountsmostforgirlsandboysarethingsliketryingyourbest,workinghard,stayingactive,andplayingwelltogetherasateam,”sheadded. ”（“这项研究并不支持我们对体育运动中孩子的性别和发展的普遍刻板印象。”维塞克博士说，他们的研究结果清楚地表明，当涉及到体育运动的乐趣时，女孩和男孩“更多的是相似而不是不同”。）由此判断，男孩和女孩在关于体育运动的乐趣方面的观点是一致的。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余Whatshouldn’tIdoinLondon?VisittheNaturalHistoryMuseumduringtheschoolholidaysChildrenlovedinosaurs.____16____.TheNaturalHistoryMuseumisreallythebestmuseumintheworld,andfranklyIwouldliveinitifIcould.Butunfortunately,itistoopopular.Alternative:Absolutelyanythingelseyoucanthinkof.EvenvisitMadameTussauds.VisitOxfordStreet____17____.Buttherearefewerseniorcitizensgoingforajog,20millionmorepeopleactuallyvisiting,noparking,higherpricesandnoclimatecontrol.____18____Londonisabigcity,butitissmallerthanyouimagine.Theundergroundisagoodwayofgettingfromonesidetotheother.Butifyouareatourist,makemostofyourtripsonfoot.AskanyoneiftheyknowtheQueen“Oh,you’reAmerican,doyouknowBarackObama?”soundsabitridiculous,doesn’tit?____19____.Morethan60millionpeopleliveintheUK,andovereightmillionofthoseliveinGreaterLondonalone.Britainmaylooksmallonamap,butitdefinitelyisnotonceyougethere.MakeconversationwithstrangersontheundergroundSeetheseguyshere?Theyhavetheireyesshut,onarecycledLondonMetronewspaper,theirphones,theawfuladverts,oronthedoor.____20____.ATaketheundergroundwhenyoucouldwalkB.LivinginLondonisquiteconvenientbutexpensiveC.FortheAmericansreadingthis,OxfordStreetislikeamallD.Don’tcarryanopenshoppingbagorhandbagoveryourshoulderE.Theydonotwanttospeak,letalonemakeeyecontactwithastrangerF.That’swhateveryoneinLondonthinkswhenaskediftheyknowtheQueenG.Parentswanttofeelthattheirkidsaredoingsomethingeducationalonholiday【答案】16.G17.C18.A19.F20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是在伦敦不该做什么。【16题详解】 空前说“Childrenlovedinosaurs.(孩子们喜欢恐龙。)”，空后说“TheNaturalHistoryMuseumisreallythebestmuseumintheworld,andfranklyIwouldliveinitifIcould.Butunfortunately,itistoopopular.(自然历史博物馆真的是世界上最好的博物馆，坦白地说，如果可以的话，我愿意住在那里。但不幸的是，它太受欢迎了。)”，说明很多父母会在假期带孩子去自然历史博物馆学习一些东西，G选项“Parentswanttofeelthattheirkidsaredoingsomethingeducationalonholiday(父母希望他们的孩子在假期里做一些有教育意义的事情)”说明了父母会在假期带孩子去自然历史博物馆，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。【17题详解】本段小标题是“VisitOxfordStreet(参观牛津街)”，空格处应该说到和牛津街相关的内容，C选项“FortheAmericansreadingthis,OxfordStreetislikeamall(对于阅读本文的美国人来说，牛津街就像一个购物中心)”介绍了牛津街相关的内容，因此符合语境，故选C。【18题详解】空格处是本段小标题，根据空后的“Londonisabigcity,butitissmallerthanyouimagine.Theundergroundisagoodwayofgettingfromonesidetotheother.Butifyouareatourist,makemostofyourtripsonfoot.(伦敦是个大城市，但它比你想象的要小。地铁是从一边到另一边的好方法。但如果你是一个游客，大部分时间徒步旅行吧。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要多走路而不是坐地铁，A选项“Taketheundergroundwhenyoucouldwalk(能走路的时候坐地铁)”概括本段内容，可作为本段小标题，故选A。【19题详解】根据本段小标题可知，本段讲不要问任何人他们认不认识女王。空前“‘Oh,you’reAmerican,doyouknowBarackObama?’soundsabitridiculous,doesn’tit?(“哦，你是美国人，你认识巴拉克·奥巴马吗？”听起来有点荒谬，不是吗?)”举例说明，如果问美国人认不认识巴拉克·奥巴马是很荒谬的事情，F选项“That’swhateveryoneinLondonthinkswhenaskediftheyknowtheQueen(在伦敦，当被问及是否认识女王时，每个人都会这么想)”讲在伦敦问别人认不认识女王也是很荒谬的事情，上下文进行类比，照应本段主题，故选F。【20题详解】空前说“Theyhavetheireyesshut,onarecycledLondonMetronewspaper,theirphones,theawfuladverts,oronthedoor.(他们闭着眼睛，看一份回收的伦敦地铁报纸，看他们的手机，看糟糕的广告，或者盯着门看。)”，说明英国人不愿意和陌生人说话，E选项“Theydonotwanttospeak,letalonemakeeyecontactwithastranger(他们不想说话，更不用说和陌生人进行眼神交流了)”说明了英国人不愿意和陌生人说话，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E。第二卷第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Onenight,amarriedcouplegotintoafight.Itwascommonforthemtostayinawarof____21____aftersuchafight.Andthistimewasnot____22____.Formostofthenight,thecouplehad____23____eachotherandevenastheywerepreparingforbed,notawordwassaid.However,thehusbandstartedgetting____24____becausehewouldcatchaflightat5:00a.m.thenextmorning.Hewasaheavysleeperand____25____hiswifetowakehimup.Otherwise,therewasagood____26____hewouldsleepright____27____thealarm.Inordernottolosehisface,hedidn’tspeakwithher____28____,butwroteapieceofpaper“Please____29____mewhenit’s5:00a.m.”Heputthenoteonhiswife’spillow,_____30_____thathiswifewouldforsureseeitthere.Hethenfellasleepwith_____31_____.Thenextmorningwhenhewokeup,itwasalready7:00a.m.!Heknewhisjourneywas_____32_____.Hewasfilledwithangerandwaspreparingto_____33_____hiswifewhenhenoticedahandwrittennotebesidehispillow,saying“It’s5:00a.m.—getup.”Mostofthetime_____34_____yousaysomethingismoreimportantthanwhatyouactuallysay.Whenyouneedsomething,donotlet_____35_____getinyourwayofaskinghelptherightway!21.A.patienceB.silenceC.dangerD.secret22.A.similarB.obviousC.differentD.interesting23.A.ignoredB.comfortedC.warnedD.forgiven24.A.curiousB.regretfulC.carefulD.anxious25.A.ledtoB.pickedupC.dependedonD.heldback26.A.resultB.chanceC.excuseD.solution27.A.throughB.belowC.besideD.without28.A.thankfullyB.naturallyC.sadlyD.directly29.A.meetB.informC.supportD.watch30.A.seeingB.realizingC.believingD.promising31.A.doubtB.surpriseC.disappointmentD.content32.A.sharedB.destroyedC.changedD.discovered33.A.blameB.stopC.encourageD.trouble34.A.whenB.howC.whyD.whether35.A.experienceB.weaknessC.prideD.worry 【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.C26.B27.A28.D29.B30.C31.D32.B33.A34.B35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是一对夫妇吵架后发生的一件啼笑皆非的事情告诉读者：沟通的方式比沟通的内容更重要。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这样的战斗之后，他们保持沉默是很常见的。A.patience耐心；B.silence沉默；C.danger危险；D.secret秘密。根据下文中的“notawordwassaid”可知他们习惯吵架后保持“沉默”符合语境。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一次也没有什么不同。A.similar相似的；B.obvious显而易见的；C.different不同的；D.interesting有趣的。根据上文中的“Itwascommonforthemtostayinawarof____1____aftersuchafight.”可知，他们打架后保持沉默是常见的，结合下文中的“Formostofthenight,thecouplehad____3____eachotherandevenastheywerepreparingforbed,notawordwassaid.”可知，这次打架后，晚上大部分时间，甚至是准备睡觉的时候都不说话，由此可知，此处指的这次也没有什么“不同”符合语境。是故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：整个晚上，这对夫妇都不理对方，甚至在他们准备睡觉的时候，也没有说一句话。A.ignored不理睬；B.comforted安慰；C.warned警告；D.forgiven宽恕。根据下文中的“andevenastheywerepreparingforbed,notawordwassaid.”可知，甚至他们准备睡觉的时候都没说一句话，所以此处应为“不理睬”彼此，符合语境。故选A项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，丈夫开始焦急起来，因为他要赶第二天早上5点的航班。A.curious好奇的；B.regretful后悔的；C.careful仔细的，认真的；D.anxious焦急的。根据下文中的“becausehewouldcatchaflightat5:00a.m.thenextmorning.”可知，因为丈夫要第二天要赶飞机，结合“Hewasaheavysleeperand____5____hiswifetowakehimup.”可知，他睡得很沉，需要妻子叫醒他，而此时他们谁也不理睬谁，所以此处应是“焦急的”符合语境。故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他睡得很沉，要靠他妻子把他叫醒。A.ledto导致；B.pickedup拾起；C.dependedon依靠；D.heldback阻止。根据上文中的“Hewasaheavysleeper”可知，他是一个睡得很沉的人，结合下文中的“hiswifetowakehimup.”可知，此处指的是他“依靠”妻子叫醒他，符合语境。故选C项。 【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：否则，他很有可能会一直睡过闹钟。A.result结果；B.chance机会，可能性；C.excuse借口；D.solution解决方法。根据常识和上文中的otherwise以及下文中的“hewouldsleepright____7____thealarm.”可知，他依靠妻子叫醒他，要不然，他有可能睡过了时间，所以此处指的是“可能性”符合语境。故选B项。【27题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：否则，他很有可能会一直睡过闹钟。A.through贯穿，穿过；B.below在……之下；C.beside在……旁边；D.without没有。根据语境和上文中的“hewouldsleepright”可知，他妻子要是不叫醒他的话，他就会直接睡过闹钟时间，所以此处指的是“贯穿”符合语境。故选A项。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：为了不丢脸，他没有直接和她说话，而是在一张纸上写了“请在早上5点时通知我。”。A.thankfully感激地；B.naturally自然地；C.sadly伤心地；D.directly直接地。根据下文中的“butwroteonapieceofpaper”可知，丈夫是写在了纸上告诉妻子叫醒他，所以此处指的是没有“直接”和妻子交代要叫醒自己。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了不丢脸，他没有直接和她说话，而是在一张纸上写了“请在早上5点时通知我。”。A.meet遇见；B.inform告知；C.support支持；D.watch观看。根据语境和上文中的“Hewasaheavysleeperand____5____hiswifetowakehimup.”可知，他需要妻子叫醒他，由此可推断，此处指的是丈夫让妻子在5点钟“告知”他，符合语境。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把纸条放在妻子的枕头上，相信她一定会在那里看到它。A.seeing看见；B.realizing实现，意识到；C.believing相信；D.promising承诺。根据上文中的“Heputthenoteonhiswife’spillow”可知，他把纸条放在妻子的枕头上，由此可知，此处指的是他“相信”妻子一定能看到。故选C项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他心满意足地睡着了。A.doubt怀疑；B.surprise惊讶；C.disappointment失望；D.content满足，内容。根据语境和上文中的“Heputthenoteonhiswife’spillow,____10____thathiswifewouldforsureseeitthere.”可知，丈夫把纸条放在妻子的枕头上，确定妻子能看到纸条后，应该是“满足地”睡觉了。故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他知道他的旅程被毁了。A.shared分享；B.destroyed毁坏；C.changed改变；D.discovered发现。根据上文中的“Thenextmorningwhenhewokeup,itwasalready7:00a.m.!” 可知，丈夫醒来发现已经是7点钟了，所以肯定错过了五点的航班，所以他的行程被“毁”了。故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他充满了愤怒，正准备责怪妻子时，他注意到枕边有一张手写的便条，上面写着：“早上5点了——起床。”A.blame责怪；B.stop停止；C.encourage鼓励；D.trouble麻烦。根据语境和上文中的“Hewasfilledwithanger”可知，丈夫告诉妻子让他5点钟叫醒他，结果妻子没有喊她，所以他很生气，由此可知，此处应是正要“责怪”妻子。故选A项。【34题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：大多数时候，你如何说话比你说的内容更重要。A.when什么时候；B.how如何；C.why为什么；D.whether是否。根据语境和下文中的“yousaysomethingismoreimportantthanwhatyouactuallysay.”可知，丈夫要妻子叫醒他，而为了不丢脸面，没有直接去跟妻子说，用纸条的方式告诉妻子，结合“whenhenoticedahandwrittennotebesidehispillow,saying“It’s5:00a.m.—getup.””可知，妻子也用纸条的方式叫醒他，由此可知，此处应指的是“如何”说话，即说话的方式比说什么更重要。故选B项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你需要帮助的时候，不要让骄傲妨碍你以正确的方式寻求帮助!A.experience经历；B.weakness缺点；C.pride傲慢；D.worry担忧。根据上文“Inordernottolosehisface”可知，丈夫为了不丢面子而不直接和妻子沟通导致错过了航班，由此可知，此处指的是不要让“傲慢”妨碍你以正确的方式寻求帮助。故选C项。第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Formanyyears,peoplehavebeenworriedthatoneday,robotscouldtaketheirjobs.Now,it___36___(seem)thatitmaystarthappening.ChatGPTis___37___AIchatbot,whichisthefastest-growingappbasedona___38___(power)languageprocessingmodel.Ithad100millionactiveusersjusttwomonthsafter___39___(it)start.Expertsstartedtoworrythatthelatestchatbotscouldharmthecareers(事业)ofanyonewhoworkswithinformation,doesresearchorwritesreports.Chatbotsareverycreative,andcandothingsthatwethoughtonlyhumanscoulddo.Soanincreasingnumber___40___usersseethisasabusinesschance.Theywillstartusingachatbotasastaffmemberthatmay___41___(compare)toanewlyemployedgraduateintermsofitsabilitytothink.Chatbotsworkveryfast,without___42___(request)abreakorpay,andforbusinesspeople,that’s___43___(extreme)important.SomeUKlawcompanieshavealreadyrealizedit___44___startedusingchatbotstowritelegal(法律的)lettersorprovideideasforlegalmatters.However,oneofthebiggest____45____(problem)withChatGPTisthatitdoesn’tknowtheactualtruth abouttheworld—itsimplylearnsinformationfromvariousresources(资源)butcannotdecideonitsownwhatistrueorfalse.【答案】36.seems37.an38.powerful39.its40.of41.becompared42.requesting43.extremely44.and45.problems【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了聊天机器人的发展与应用以及存在的问题。【36题详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：现在，这种情况似乎开始发生了。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为it，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填seems。【37题详解】考查冠词。句意：ChatGPT是一个人工智能聊天机器人，它是基于强大的语言处理模型的增长最快的应用程序。chatbot为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且AI发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。38题详解】考查形容词。句意同上。修饰名词model需用形容词powerful，作定语。故填powerful。【39题详解】考查代词。句意：在它开始两个月以后，它就拥有了1亿活跃用户。修饰名词start需用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。【40题详解】考查介词。句意：因此，越来越多的用户认为这是一个商机。anincreasingnumberof为固定搭配，意为“越来越多的”。故填of。【41题详解】考查被动语态。句意：他们将开始使用聊天机器人作为员工，就其思考能力而言，可以将其与新就业的毕业生进行比较。空处作定语从句的谓语，主语that，指代achatbot，和compare为被动关系，需用被动语态，情态动词may后面使用动词原形。故填becompared。【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：聊天机器人工作非常快，不需要休息或支付报酬，这对商务人士来说非常重要。介词without后面接动名词requesting作宾语。故填requesting。【43题详解】考查副词。句意同上。修饰形容词important需用副词extremely作状语。故填extremely。【44题详解】考查连词。句意：一些英国律师事务所已经意识到这一点，并开始使用聊天机器人撰写法律信函或为法律事务提供意见。realized和started为并列的谓语，需用连词and连接。故填and。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：然而，ChatGPT最大的问题之一是它不知道世界的真实情况——它只是从各种资源中学习信息，但不能自己决定什么是真，什么是假。oneof后面接可数名词复数形式。故填problems。第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）单词填空：根据所提供的单词或汉语意思，用单词的正确形式填空，使句意通顺合理。46.Asaseniorhighstudent,wefinditquiteimportant______(concentrate)ontheteachersinclass,whichcanimproveourunderstandingofthecontents.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】toconcentrate【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名高中生，我们发现在课堂上专注于老师是非常重要的，这可以提高我们对内容的理解。finditadj.+todo...为固定句型，it为形式宾语，动词不定式为真正的宾语。故填toconcentrate。47.Intheeyesoftheexchangestudent,Jack,TiananmenSquareisthe______(impress)buildinginBeijing.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】mostimpressive【解析】【详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：在交换生杰克的眼中，天安门广场是北京最令人印象深刻的建筑。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词building，定冠词the修饰形容词最高级。故填mostimpressive。48.Thelittleboyopenedtheblackboxsecretlyoutof______(curious)lastnight.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】curiosity【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：昨晚那个小男孩出于好奇，偷偷地打开了那个黑盒子。空处需填名词作宾语，curious的名词形式是curiosity，outofcuriosity为固定搭配，意为“出于好奇”。故填curiosity。49.I’mfondofdifferentkindsofmusic,butIhavea______(prefer)forfolkmusic,whichmakesmefeel peaceful.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】preference【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：我喜欢各种各样的音乐，但我更喜欢民间音乐，这让我感到平静。空处应填名词作宾语，a后跟名词的单数形式，prefer的名词是preference，意为“偏爱，偏好”。故填preference。50.Withhiseyes______(focus)onthecartoonbook,Peterdidn’thearthenoiseoutside.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】focused【解析】【详解】考查过去分词。句意：彼得全神贯注地看漫画书，没有听到外面的噪音。分析句子结构可知，此处为“with+宾语+宾补”结构，focus与宾语eyes之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。故填focused。51.Itissaidthathewas______(narrow)killedinatrafficaccidenttheotherday.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】narrowly【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：据说他几天前在一次交通事故中险些丧命。修饰谓语动词waskilled应用所给词的副词形式。故填narrowly。52.TheUNisoneoftheinternational______(organise)thathelpcountriestosolvetheproblemspeacefully.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】organizations【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：联合国是帮助各国和平解决问题的国际组织之一。international是形容词，修饰名词，由“thathelpcountriestosolvetheproblemspeacefully”可知，句子表示“联合国是帮助各国和平解决问题的国际组织之一”，空格处意为“组织”，是organization，空前有oneof，空格处用复数。故填organizations。53.We______(debate)whethertolowertheageofclubmembershipto18now.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】aredebating【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。句意：我们正在讨论是否要把加入俱乐部的年龄降低到18岁。提示词是句中谓语动词，与主语We之间是主动关系，结合时间状语now 可知，描述当前正在发生的事情，用现在时行时态，主语是复数代词，系动词用are。故填aredebating。54.______(obvious),theyhavehadsponsorshipfromsomebigcompanies.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】Obviously【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：显然，他们得到了一些大公司的赞助。空格处用副词obviously作状语，意为“显然”，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Obviously。55.Thenewtechnology______(apply)tofarminganditbenefittedthelocals.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】wasapplied【解析】【详解】考查被动语态。句意：新技术应用于农业，使当地人受益。根据benefitted可知为一般过去时态，Thenewtechnology为单数，与apply之间为被动关系，故填wasapplied。56.Eachofushasourown______(强项)andweaknesses.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】strengths【解析】【详解】考查名词的数。句意：我们中的每个人都有自己的优势和劣势。根据汉语提示“强项”，空处填名词strength，由and后的weaknesses可知此处用其复数形式，即strengths，strengthsandweaknesses表示“优缺点”，在句中作宾语。故填strengths。57.Sincetheoutbreakoftheflood,foodsupplies______(运输)totheflood-strickenareas.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】havebeentransported【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：自洪水爆发以来，食品供应已被运往受灾地区。根据汉语提示“运输”可知，此处为动词transport，由“Sincetheoutbreakofflood”可知，此处为现在完成时，主语foodsupplies为复数名词，与transport为被动关系，需用被动语态，助动词用have。故填havebeentransported。58.Idobelievesheissuitableforthis______(自愿的)work,becausesheisactiveandhelpfulaswell.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】voluntary【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：我相信她很适合这个志愿工作，因为她很积极，也很乐于助人。根据汉语提示“自愿的”可知，此处为形容词voluntary，作定语。故填voluntary。 59.ThemomentIansweredthephone,I___________(认出)hisvoice.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】recognized【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：我一接电话就听出是他的声音。根据汉语意思“认出”可知，应填动词recognize，作谓语，且根据上文answered可知，应用一般过去时。故填recognized。60.PeoplewithhighEQsusuallyhave________(积极的)attitudestowardslife.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】positive【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：高情商的人通常对生活都抱有积极的态度。空处填形容词作定语形容attitudes“态度”；表示“积极的”为positive，符合题干。故填positive。第二节书面表达（共25分）61.某学校下周将举办一年一度的体育运动节，要面向全校学生招募参赛者和志愿者。假设你是学生会主席李华，请你根据下列要点写一则书面通知，内容包括：1.告知运动节信息；2.呼吁学生参与；3.提供报名方式。注意：1.词数100词左右。2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Notice___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Students’Union【答案】NoticeTheAnnualSportsFestivalisscheduledfornextweekontheschoolplayground.StartingfromWednesday,thetwo-dayfestivalservesasagoodplatformwherestudentscanshowtalentsaswellascultivateteamspirit.Everybodyiswelcometoparticipate.Ifyouareathletic,signupfortrackandfieldeventstowingloryforyourclass.Ifyouare notgiftedinsportsbutstillkeenonparticipating,jointhevolunteergrouptohelpmakethisimportantactivityagreatsuccess.Ifinterested,visittheschoolwebsiteandregisterbeforethisFriday.Lookingforwardtoyourenthusiasticparticipation.Students’Union【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文，要求考生写一则书面通知，为学校下周将举办一年一度的体育运动节面向全校学生招募参赛者和志愿者。【详解】1.词汇积累开始：start→begin对……感兴趣：bekeenon→beinterestedin帮助：help→assist重要的：important→significant2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：TheAnnualSportsFestivalisscheduledfornextweekontheschoolplayground.拓展句：TheAnnualSportsFestival,whosethemeis“TheBuild-upofPhysicalStrength”,isscheduledfornextweekontheschoolplayground.【点睛】[高分句型1]StartingfromWednesday,thetwo-dayfestivalservesasagoodplatformwherestudentscanshowtalentsaswellascultivateteamspirit.(运用了现在分词作状语和where引导定语从句)[高分句型2]