适用于老高考旧教材2024版高考英语二轮复习挑战外刊题组练阅读理解1（附解析）

阅读理解（1）(限时:25分钟)Passage1ABooklistbyNPRStaffandTrustedCriticsWhereButterfliesFilltheSkyZahraMarwanWhathappenswhenyouhavetoleaveyourhomewherethedesertreachesallthewaytotheseaand100butterfliesalwaysfillthesky?Thispicturebookaboutimmigrationdealswithitsserioussubjectmatterwhilekeepingheart,humorandfamilycloseathand.Ittellsthetruestoryofhowthegirlandherfamilymovedfromonelandtoanother.ICanExplainShinsukeYoshitakeHasyourmomevercaughtyoupickingyournoseorbitingyournails?Inthisbook,badhabitsyieldcomplexexplanationsthatjustifytheirveryexistence.Andreally,howhardisittobelievethatnosepickersareactuallypushinghiddennosebuttonsthatrelease“cheerfulbeams”thatmakeeveryonehappy?Alaugh-out-loudJapaneseimportfromamasteroftheridiculous.FarmhouseSophieBlackallOurlivesareourstories.InthisoneSophieBlackallmanagestospinasinglesentencecapturingtheimaginedlivesofahousefulofchildrenonafarm.Theimagesandstorywereinspiredbythedetritus(废弃物)shediscoveredinanoldfarmhouse.Theresultingimagesaresuretodelightchildrenandadultsalike,whilethestoryisareminderofwhatweleavebehind. MyBrotherIsAwaySaraGreenwoodIt’snevereasytoexplainthatafamilymemberisimprisoned,anditcanbeespeciallyhardforchildren.Thissimplepicturebookdrawsontheauthor’sownchildhoodtotellthestoryofayounggirlwhosebrotherisinprison.Agentleandhopefulstoryforkidsaboutveryadultsituationsandcomplexfeelings.1.Whodoyouthinkthebooksarewrittenfor?A.Students.　　B.Kids.C.Adults.D.Foreigners.2.WhatisWhereButterfliesFilltheSkyabout?A.Astoryof100butterfliesalwaysfillingthesky.B.Astoryofseriousmattersofawifeandhusband.C.Astoryofimmigration,family,andfindinghome.D.Astoryaboutveryadultsituationsandcomplexfeelings.3.Whichbookwillleavethereaderwithaheavyheart?A.WhereButterfliesFilltheSky.B.ICanExplain.C.Farmhouse.D.MyBrotherIsAway.Passage2Afterspendingalmostayear-and-a-halfinnear-totalisolation(隔离)some230feetunderground,BeatrizFlamini,50,ofMadrid,emergedfromacaveinsouthernSpainandasked:Who’sbuyingthebeer?TheclimberandmountaineerhadenteredthecaveonNov.21,2021,determinedtospend500daysalone—monitoredbyagroupofscientists—toexploretheeffectsofisolationonthehumanbodyandmind. Afterresurfacing,Flaminiembracedsupporters,metwithherdoctorsandspentnearlyanhourtalkingtothereporters.Shetoldthemshewasreadyforadrinkandashower—butcouldhavestayedinthecavelonger.“Iwassleepingwhentheycamedowntogetme,”Flaminisaid,accordingtoTheGuardian.“Ithoughtsomethinghadhappened.Isaid:‘Already?Noway.’Ihadn’tfinishedmybook.”Bythatpoint,she’dalreadymadeitthrough60books.Flamini’steamsaysshespentherdaysreading,drawing,exercising,knittingandrecordingherselfwithtwoGoPros.Flaminisaidshe’dlosttrackoftimeafterabouttwomonthsinthecave,andthoughtshehadonlybeeninthereforsome160or170days.Shedescribedtheexperienceas“excellent,unbeatable”,tellingreportersthatsheneverevenconsideredhittingthepanicbutton.“Infact,Ididn’twanttocomeout,”shesaid.Flaminisaysshestillfeelslikeit’s2021.Eventhingslikebeinginthesunlightandtalkingtoothersweregoingtotakesomegettingusedto,FlaminisaidonFridaymorning,wearingdarksunglassesandabigsmile.“Howwouldyoufeelifyouhadadreamandyoufulfilledit?”shesaidwhenaskedthereason.“Wouldyoucomeoutcrying?”Notingthatpeopleatthenewsconferenceworefacemasks,apparentlytoprotectherfrominfections,Flaminijokeditmadeherfeellikeitstillwastheheightofthepandemic.Flaminisaidshewillcontinuetoletdoctorsstudythephysicalandmentalimpactofhertimeinthecave—beforeplanninghernextmountaineeringandcavingprojects.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutBeatrizFlamini?A.Shestayedinthecavewithagroupofscientists.B.Atnopointdidshefeellikegivingupinthecave. C.Shehadanacutesenseoftimeandlocationunder.D.Shedescribedtheexperienceofbeingcutoffunbearable.2.WhatcanweinferfromFlamini’swordsinparagraph4?A.Therewasnowayshecouldcontinue.B.Sheneverthoughtanaccidenthappened.C.Sheenjoyedreadingbooksinthecave.D.Shedidn’texpectittobetimetogoout.3.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeBeatrizFlamini?A.Inspiringandgenerous.B.HumorousandOptimistic.C.Reliableandhonest.D.Humbleandpatient.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.ASpanishmountainclimberfinishedher500-dayisolation.B.Scientistsexploredtheeffectsofisolationonhumanbeings.C.ForscienceaSpanishathletespent500daysaloneinacave.D.Anathlete’experienceinthecave230feetunderground.Passage3Askthenewartificialintelligence(AI)toolChatGPTtowriteaboutthecauseoftheAmericanCivilWarandyoucanwatchitproduceaschoolreportinjustafewseconds.Thetechnologyissogoodthatitcanwritesentenceslikeoneswrittenbyahuman.Anditisalsofree.ThetoolhasbeeninusesinceNovember.ButitisalreadyraisingtoughquestionsaboutthefutureofAIineducation,thetechindustry,andanumberofprofessions.NewYorkCityschoolofficialsrecentlystartedblockingthewritingtoolonschooldevicesandnetworks.Teachersarenowtryingtofindouthowtoprevent studentsusingtheAItoolforcheating.AndthecreatorsofChatGPTalsosaytheyarelookingforwaystodetectmisuse.ChatGPTlaunchedlastNovemberanditispartofanewgenerationofAIsystemsthatcanhaveadiscussionandcreatewrittenwork.Itcanevenproducenewimagesandvideosbasedonwhatithaslearnedfromalargedatabaseofdigitalbooks,onlinewritingsandothermedia.ChatGPTisalsodesignedtobemoreuser-friendly.ItworkslikeawrittenconversationbetweentheAIsystemandthepersonaskingitquestions.Likesimilarsystems,ChatGPTcanproducestrongwriting.Butthatdoesnotmeanwhatitsaysisfactualormakessense.Itslaunchcamewithlittleguidanceforhowtouseit.Buttheprogramwilladmitwhenitiswrong.Itwillalsoquestion“incorrectpremises”andrejectrequestsmeanttobringaboutoffensive(冒犯的)answers.ManyschoolsystemsintheU.S.arestilldecidinghowtosetpoliciesontheuseofAIprogramsandhowtheycanbeused.TheNewYorkCityeducationdepartmentsaiditisrestrictinguseofChatGPTbecauseitisworriedaboutnegativeimpactsonstudentlearning,aswellas“concernsregardingthesafetyandaccuracyofcontent”.ButthereisnostoppingastudentfromusingChatGPTfromhomeoronapersonaldevice.1.WhyisChatGPTpreventedbeingusedonschooldevicesandnetworks?A.Studentsmaymisuseit.B.Itcanproducestrongwriting.C.Nopoliciesaresetontheuseofit.D.Studentsdon’tknowhowtouseit.2.Whatareparagraphs4-5mainlyabout? A.HowtouseChatGPT.B.WhatChatGPTis.C.AnewgenerationofAIsystems.D.Aspecialwrittenconversation.3.Whatdoes“premises”underlinedinparagraph7referto?A.Dialogues.B.Answers.C.Assumptions.D.Sentences.4.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhatChatGPTIsIntendedforinU.S.Schools?B.WhyChatGPTIsSoPopularinU.S.Schools?C.HowChatGPTIsPreventedinU.S.inSchools?D.WhyU.S.SchoolsAreBlockingChatGPT?答案：Passage1[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了NPR的工作人员和值得信赖的评论家们推荐的四本图书。1.B　细节理解题。从第一本书的“Ittellsthetruestoryofhowthegirlandherfamilymovedfromonelandtoanother.”;第二本书的“Hasyourmomevercaughtyoupickingyournoseorbitingyournails?”;第三本书的“Theresultingimagesaresuretodelightchildrenandadultsalike”;以及第四本书的“Agentleandhopefulstoryforkidsaboutveryadultsituationsandcomplexfeelings.”可以推测出,这四本书是写给孩子们的。2.C　细节理解题。根据WhereButterfliesFilltheSky中的“ Thispicturebookaboutimmigrationdealswithitsserioussubjectmatterwhilekeepingheart,humorandfamilycloseathand.”以及“Ittellsthetruestoryofhowthegirlandherfamilymovedfromonelandtoanother.”可知,C项正确。3.D　细节理解题。从最后一段的“Thissimplepicturebookdrawsontheauthor’sownchildhoodtotellthestoryofayounggirlwhosebrotherisinprison.”可知,小女孩的哥哥在狱中服刑,因此D项正确。Passage2[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。西班牙50岁的登山运动员BeatrizFlamini在2021年11月21日进入洞穴,在一组科学家的监视下独自度过了500天,以便科学家们探索隔离对人体和精神的影响。1.B　细节理解题。从第二段的“monitoredbyagroupofscientists”可知,科学家们没有和她待在一起,因此A项错误;根据第四段以及第六段的“Infact,Ididn’twanttocomeout,”可知B项正确;根据第六段的“Flaminisaidshe’dlosttrackoftimeafterabouttwomonthsinthecave,andthoughtshehadonlybeeninthereforsome160or170days.”可知C项错误;根据第六段的“Shedescribedtheexperienceas‘excellent,unbeatable’”可知,她感觉这次经历是“极好的,无与伦比的”,而不是“难以忍受的”,故D项错误。2.D　推理判断题。第四段说,当人们下去带Flamini出去的时候,她正在睡觉,还以为发生了什么事,说她还有书没读完。由此可以推知,她没有预料到已经在洞里待了500天了。3.B　推理判断题。根据第一段的“Who’sbuyingthebeer?”以及倒数第二段的“Flaminijokeditmadeherfeellikeitstillwastheheightofthepandemic.”可知,Flamini是一个幽默的人;从全文可知,一个人待在地下500天而从未消极害怕,由此可知她是一个乐观的人,一个内心强大的人,故B项正确。4.C　主旨大意题。全文讲述了西班牙50岁的登山运动员BeatrizFlamini在将近一年半的时间里,待在地下230英尺的地方几乎完全与世隔绝,以便科学家们研究隔离对人体和精神的影响。Passage3[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新的人工智能工具ChatGPT强大的写作功能,以及美国的一些学校在学校设备和网络上屏蔽它的原因。 1.A　细节理解题。根据第三段的“NewYorkCityschoolofficialsrecentlystartedblockingthewritingtoolonschooldevicesandnetworks.TeachersarenowtryingtofindouthowtopreventstudentsusingtheAItoolforcheating.”可知,校方和老师担心学生在学校设备和网络上使用ChatGPT来作弊,因此A项正确。2.B　主旨大意题。第四段说ChatGPT是新一代人工智能系统的一部分,并介绍了它推出的时间和用途;第五段介绍了ChatGPT的设计特点,对用户更加友好。因此B项正确。3.C　词义猜测题。前一句说,ChatGPT的发布几乎没有关于如何使用它的指导。但是程序会承认它的错误。这里说,它还将质疑“不正确的　　　”;后一句说,它还拒绝旨在带来冒犯性答案的请求。因此,引号里面的意思应该是指不正确的前提、假设或者条件等,因此C项正确。 4.D　主旨大意题。全文首先举例说明了人工智能工具ChatGPT强大的写作功能,然后整体介绍了ChatGPT的用途和特点,这也是美国的一些学校在设备和网络上屏蔽它的原因。