山东省泰安市2022-2023学年高一英语下学期7月期末试题（Word版附解析）

高一年级考试英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Sheshouldtakemoreexercise.B.She’dbetterhaveafewdays’rest.C.Sheisbadlyill.2.OnwhichdaywillMr.Whitebefree?A.ThisSaturdayB.NextFriday.C.NextSunday.3.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Atabookstore.B.Atapostoffice.C.Atasupermarket.4.Howmanypeoplearementionedinthedialogue?A.Atleastfour.B.Onlythree.C.Morethanfive.5.Atwhichpricemaythemanbuythechairintheend?A.$15.B.$25.C.$20.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Startateamproject.B.Plananeveningout.C.Holdadinnerparty.7.Whatwillthespeakersstartplanningsoon?A.Whattheywilleat.B.Whotheywillinvite.C.Wheretheywillcelebrate.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatistheweatherlike?A.Windy.B.Rainy.C.Sunny.9.Whatdoesthewomansuggesttaking?A.Alaptop.B.Asunhat.C.Asparepairofboots.10.Whatdoesthemandecidetodointheend?A.Keeptotheplan.B.Giveupcamping.C.Plananothertrip.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutherexamresults?A.Disappointed.B.Excited.C.Shocked.12.Whatdoesthemansuggesttheydo?A.Throwaparty.B.Goforapicnic.C.Runinthepark.13.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Texthisfriends.B.Meethisparents.C.Applytoauniversity.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.WhatdoesthemanthinkhasimprovedafterlearningItalian?A.Hisreadingability.B.Hismemory.C.Hiscuriosity.15.Wheredidthewomanknowaboutthebenefitoflanguagelearning?A.Fromateacher.B.Fromanarticle.C.Fromalanguagepartner.16.Whatdoesthewomanprobablywanttodo?A.GotoGermany.B.Teachatacollege.C.TakePortugueseclasses.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.HowoldisVivi?A.6.B.11.C.17.18.WhydidVivicryattheamusementparklastsummer?A.Shewastooyoungtoplay.B.Shedidn’tfittheequipment. C.Shehadsomeimpolitefriends.19WhatisViviproudof?A.Herage.B.Hershape.C.Herstrength.20.Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A.Swimmers.B.Students.C.Teachers.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheChinatownStorytellingCentre(CSC)ishometoCanada’sfirstlastingexhibit(展览)space.ExplorethehistoryofVancouver’sChinatownthroughtheeventsfilledwithstoriesfromthepeoplewholived,workedandplayedthere.UpcomingEvents:Teacher’sTouroftheCSCVancouver’sChinatownLookingforsomenewfieldtripideasforyourstudents?Joinusforaone-hourexplorationofour“touchableteachingcollection”.LearnaboutthediverseexperiencesoftheChineseCanadiancommunityandhowwe’reusingthesestoriesinourschoolprograms.Participantshavetheopportunitytowinafreeschooltrip!APassionforMusicinChinatownJoinHenryYoungand“TheChineseSinatra”GaryLeeforadelightfulJulyafternoonofstorytellingandmusic.Heartheircharmingstories.Towardstheendoftheirtalks,HenryandGarywillalsobegivingshortliveperformances.ASpecialPreviewJoinusforalivelyeveningofstorytellingwithdanceartistsAndreaNannandSarahChase.Andreawillshareapartoftheirnewwork,FirehorseandShadow.Itcontainselementsofdance,shadowpuppetry(皮影戏),photography,andstory-tellingtoexplorefemalefigureswithafocusontheyinandyangelements.ChinatownStories(Off-site)Dr.AprilLiu,ManageratCSC,willleadastorytellingmeetingusingphotographsandartifacts(手工艺品)fromtheCSCcollection.Throughstoriesandconversation,we’llexplorehoweachobjectcarriesindicationsofmemory,music,andlanguagetoreflectChinatown’suniquehistoryandheritage.TheactivitywillbeheldinDecemberinVancouverPublicLibrary. 1.WhatcanpeopledoinAPassionforMusic?AGetafreeschooltrip.B.Hearcharmingstories.C.Enjoyperformancesonair.D.Seekinspirationoffieldtrip.2.WhichofthefollowingwillbeheldoutsideChinatown?ATeacher’sTour.B.APassionforMusic.C.ChinatownStories.D.FirehorseandShadow.3.WhatistheCSC’saimtoholdtheseevents?A.ToadvertisetourisminChina.B.ToentertainlocalswholiveinVancouver.C.Toattractteachersandstudentstohaveaschooltrip.D.ToletmorepeoplelearnthehistoryofVancouver’sChinatown.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。唐人街故事中心（CSC）是加拿大第一个持久展览空间的所在地。通过在温哥华唐人街生活、工作和玩耍的人们的故事，探索温哥华唐人街的历史。文章主要介绍了CSC所举办的一些活动。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据APassionforMusicinChinatown部分中的“JoinHenryYoungand“TheChineseSinatra”GaryLeeforadelightfulJulyafternoonofstorytellingandmusic.Heartheircharmingstories.(七月下午，HenryYoung将与“中国的辛纳”GaryLee一起享受讲故事和音乐的乐趣。倾听他们迷人的故事)”可知，人们可以在APassionforMusic这里，听让人着迷的故事。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据ChinatownStories(Off-site)(唐人街故事（场外）)可知，ChinatownStories将在唐人街外面举行。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“TheChinatownStorytellingCentre(CSC)ishometoCanada’sfirstlastingexhibit(展览)space.ExplorethehistoryofVancouver’sChinatownthroughtheeventsfilledwithstoriesfromthepeoplewholived,workedandplayedthere.(唐人街故事中心（CSC）是加拿大第一个持久展览空间的所在地。通过在温哥华唐人街生活、工作和玩耍的人们的故事，探索温哥华唐人街的历史)”可推知，唐人街故事中心（CSC）的目的是让更多的人了解温哥华唐人街的历史。故选D。 BSchoolbusdrivershavetokeepthekidssafeontheirwaytoandfromschool.Butonedriver,PatriciaReitz,goeswayaboveandbeyond.Shehasmadeithermissiontogiveeachchildahandmadehattokeepthemwarminthewinter.MissPatty—thenamestudents,teachersandparentscallher—hasgivenawaymorethan7,000hatsinthenearlythreedecadessheworkedfortheClarenceCentralSchoolDistrictinNewYork,reportedWGRZ.“Shecaresaboutherstudents,”thirdgradeteacherDeborahBosworthtoldWGRZ.“AnystudentthathasbeenonMissPatty’sbusgetsahat,andtheyalsogetafriend.MissPattyisoneofthefavorites.”ThistraditionbeganwhenReitztookupcrocheting(针织).Shewouldworkonitemswhileshewaitedforstudentstogetonthebusafterschool.Oneboygotonthebus,andheaskedwhatshewasdoing.Hesaidwearingahatwouldbegreatgoingdownskislopes(斜坡).SoReitzaskedhimwhatcolorheliked.“Thatstartedeverything,”saidReitz.Anditsnowballedfromthere.ReitzspecializesinSantahats,butshewillmakeotherhatstoo.Thehatsaretwocolorsthatthestudentschooseandalwayshavetwotassels(流苏).ReitzbuysallneededforthehatsbutshealsoreceivesgiftcardsfromfamiliesespeciallyaroundChristmas.Thisisagiftthatcomesfromtheheart.Despitetheamountofworkinvolved,Reitzhasnointentionofstopping.Infact,shehasalreadybeganworkingonnextyear’shats.“I’mgoingtodoituntilIcan’tdoitanymore,”shesaid.Whileotherschoolbusdriverswillpurchasehatsandglovesfortheircharges,ahomemadegiftmadewithlovebringswarmthevenduringthecoldestwinterdays.4.WhatdidPatriciaReitzdoforthestudents?A.Shegivesawayhatstostudentsonherbusforfree.B.Shemadehatsforstudentsinexchangeforgifts.C.Shegivesawayhatstostudentswithlowcharges.D.Shemadecrochetingitemsonschoolbus5.WhatdostudentsgetalongwithahatfromMissPatty?A.Thewaytomakefriends.B.Thechancetohelpothers.C.Loveandwarmthincoldwinter.D.Adifferentexperienceonschoolbus.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMissPatty?A.Generousandabsent-minded.B.Addictedandenergetic.C.Calmandwarm-hearted.D.Lovinganddetermined.7.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph5? A.Studentshavenochoiceofthehats.B.Makingthehatsdemandsgreatefforts.C.Thehatsareofthesamecolorandstyle.D.Reitzhasnointentionofcontinuingthetradition.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。校车司机PatriciaReitz为坐车的每个孩子针织帽子，这种用爱制作的帽子在寒冷的冬天为孩子们带来了温暖。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“MissPatty—thenamestudents,teachersandparentscallher—hasgivenawaymorethan7,000hatsinthenearlythreedecadessheworkedfortheClarenceCentralSchoolDistrictinNewYork,reportedWGRZ.(据WGRZ报道，Patty小姐——学生、老师和家长都叫她这个名字——在纽约克拉伦斯中央学区工作的近三十年里，已经送出了7000多顶帽子)”和第三段中的“AnystudentthathasbeenonMissPatty’sbusgetsahat,andtheyalsogetafriend.MissPattyisoneofthefavorites.(任何坐过Patty小姐的校车的学生都会得到一顶帽子，他们还会得到一个朋友。帕蒂小姐是最受欢迎的朋友之一)”可知，PatriciaReitz为自己校车上的学生们免费送帽子。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Whileotherschoolbusdriverswillpurchasehatsandglovesfortheircharges,ahomemadegiftmadewithlovebringswarmthevenduringthecoldestwinterdays.(虽然其他校车司机会免费购买帽子和手套，但用爱制作的自制礼物即使在最冷的冬天也能带来温暖)”可推知，学生从Patty小姐那里得到帽子的同时，不仅能够用帽子在冬天保暖，也得到了来自Patty小姐的关爱。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“‘Shecaresaboutherstudents,’thirdgradeteacherDeborahBosworthtoldWGRZ.(‘她关心她的学生，’三年级老师DeborahBosworth告诉WGRZ。)”可知，Patty小姐关心乘坐自己校车的学生，由此可推测出，她是一个充满爱的人。根据第五段中的“‘I’mgoingtodoituntilIcan’tdoitanymore,’shesaid.(她说：‘我会一直做下去，直到我再也做不了为止。’)”可知，她会一直为学生制作帽子，直到自己再也做不了为止，由此可推测出，她是一个有决心的人。故选D。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Despitetheamountofworkinvolved,Reitzhasnointentionofstopping.(尽管涉及大量的工作，但Reitz并没有停止的打算)”可知，制作帽子涉及大量的工作，也就是需要付出许多努力。故选B。 CForcenturies,peoplethoughtthatfishdidnotfeelpainoremotions.Nowresearchhasshownthatfishnotonlyhavefeelingsbutcanalsosenseothers’moods.Whenahumanunderstandsandsharesthefeelingsofanotherperson,thisiscalledempathy(共情).Scientistshavefoundthatachemicalinthebraincalledoxytocin(催产素)isinvolvedinourabilitytoconnectwithothers.Ateamofresearcherstestedzebrafishwithaseriesofexperiments.First,theyplacedthefishintwoseparatecontainersandgaveonegroupamaterialthatcausedthemtoactfearful—eitherfreezingorswimmingirregularly.Eventhoughthefishinthenearbycontainerhadnottouchedthematerial,theyalsobegantofreezeinfear.“Theyrespondtootherindividualsbeingfrightened…justlikeus,”saidIbukun,aco-authorofthestudy.Thescientiststriedtheexperimentagainwiththechangedfishwhosebrainswouldnotproduceoxytocin.Thesefishweremuchlesslikelytoactanxiouswhentheysawotherfishshowingfear.Ifresearchersgavethemaninjection(注射)ofoxytocin,theirabilitytoempathizereturned.Finally,researchersplayedvideosoffearfulfishononesideofthecontainerandrelaxedfishontheotherside.Normalfishmovedclosertothesidethatshowedthefearfulfish,whichmighthavebeenanattempttocomfortthem.Thechangedfishdidnotmovetowardeitherside.Lookingatthenormalfish’sbrains,researcherssawactivityinanareasimilartotheonehumansandothermammals(哺乳动物)usewhenempathizingwithothers.Thiscouldmeanthattheabilitytohaveempathydevelopedmorethan350millionyearsago,whenfishandmammalssharedacommonancestor.8.Howmanyexperimentsdidtheresearchersdo?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.9.Howdidtheresearchersgettheresultoftheexperiments?A.Bymodeling.B.Bycomparison.C.Bydescribing.D.Byinvestigation.10.Whichofthefollowingiscorrectaccordingtothepassage?A.Fishandhumansusethesamebrainareawhenempathizing.B.Fishalwaysignoreothers’emotions.C.Itwasn’tlongbeforefishhadempathy.D.Oxytocinplaysakeyroleinempathy.11.Whatisthepurposeoftheresearch?A.Totestwhetherfishandmammalsshareacommonancestor.B.Totestwhetherfishhavetheabilitytoempathize. C.Totestwhetherfishcancomfortotherfish.D.Totestwhetherfishcanproduceoxytocin.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.B【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了现在研究表明，鱼不仅有感情，而且能感知他人的情绪。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“First,theyplacedthefishintwoseparatecontainersandgaveonegroupamaterialthatcausedthemtoactfearful—eitherfreezingorswimmingirregularly.(首先，他们把鱼放在两个不同的容器里，给一组鱼一种能让它们表现出恐惧的物质——要么冻住，要么不规律地游动。)”，“Thescientiststriedtheexperimentagainwiththechangedfishwhosebrainswouldnotproduceoxytocin.(科学家们再次对那些大脑不能产生催产素的鱼进行了实验。)”和第三段中“Finally,researchersplayedvideosoffearfulfishononesideofthecontainerandrelaxedfishontheotherside.(最后，研究人员播放了容器一侧恐惧的鱼和另一侧放松的鱼的视频。)”可知，研究者进行了三次实验，故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Lookingatthenormalfish’sbrains,researcherssawactivityinanareasimilartotheonehumansandothermammals(哺乳动物)usewhenempathizingwithothers.(通过观察正常鱼类的大脑，研究人员发现其大脑活动区域类似于人类和其他哺乳动物与他人产生同理心时所使用的区域。)”可知，研究者通过将鱼类大脑和人类以及其他哺乳动物的大脑进行比较得出实验结果，故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Scientistshavefoundthatachemicalinthebraincalledoxytocin(催产素)isinvolvedinourabilitytoconnectwithothers.(科学家发现大脑中一种叫做催产素的化学物质与我们与他人联系的能力有关。)”和第三段中“Ifresearchersgavethemaninjection(注射)ofoxytocin,theirabilitytoempathizereturned.(如果研究人员给他们注射催产素，他们的移情能力就会恢复。)”可推知，催产素在移情作用中起着关键作用。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Nowresearchhasshownthatfishnotonlyhavefeelingsbutcanalsosenseothers’moods.(现在研究表明，鱼不仅有感情，而且能感知他人的情绪。)”和第二段“Whenahumanunderstandsandsharesthefeelingsofanotherperson,thisiscalledempathy(共情).(当一个人理解并分享另一个人的感受时，这就是所谓的同理心。)”可推知，该研究的目的是为了测试鱼类是否有共情。故选B。DNASA’sIngenuityMarshelicopterhascompleteditsfirsttestflight,markingamajormilestonefortheagency’s effortstoexploretheredplanet.The4-poundhelicoptertookofffromtheMartiansurfaceonMonday,hovering(盘旋)forabout30secondsbeforelandingbackdown.Theflightwaspoweredbyfourlithium—ion(锂离子)batteries,whichwererechargedusingsolarpanelsonthehelicopter.BecauseofthedistancebetweenEarthandMars,engineershadtoprogramtheflightaheadoftimeandwaitfortheresultstocomeback,makingtheentireprocessautonomous.“ThisisaWrightbrothersmoment,”saidMiMiAung,projectmanagerforIngenuityatNASA’sJetPropulsionLaboratory.“Ican’timaginewhatittookforOrvilleandWilburWrighttodotheirfirstflight,butIsurecantellyouthatthehelicopterteampouredtheirheartandsoulintothisanddideverythingtheycouldimaginetomakethissuccessful.”ThehelicopterwastransportedtoMarsattachedtoNASA’sPerseverancerover(探月车),whicharrivedontheplanetinFebruary.Overthenextfewweeks,theteamwilltestdifferentsidesofthehelicopter’scapabilities,includingup-and-downflightsandflyinglongerdistances.ThefinalgoalofthemissionisnotonlytoshownewtechnologiesandgathermoredataonMars,butalsotopavethewayfor“searchingmissions”thatcanexploreterrainthatisinaccessibletorovers.“Thisreallysetsthestageforustointroduceanaerialdimension(空中维度)toourexplorationofplanetsinthesolarsysteminthefuture,”saidThomasZurbuchen,associateadministratorforNASA’sScienceMissionDirectorate.12.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.ThehelicopterflewfromtheEarthtoMars.B.ThehelicoptercandealwithdataonMars.C.NASAmaydrawamoreexactMarsmapinthefuture.D.Wrightbrothersdidtheirfirstflighteffortlessly.13.Howwastheflightofthehelicoptercontrolled?A.ByremotecontrolfromEarth.B.Byfourlithium-ionbatteries.CByprogrammingitinadvance.D.Bytheperseverancerover.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“Wrightbrothersmoment”meaninParagraph3?A.Ahighlightinaviation(航空)history.B.Anordinarymomentinaviationhistory.C.Amagicinaviationhistory.D.Atoughmomentinaviationhistory. 15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ADemandingMissionB.AMajorMilestoneInHistoryC.NASA’sMarsHelicopterShowsNewTechnologiesD.NASA’sMarsHelicopterCompletesFirstTestFlight【答案】12.C13.C14.A15.D【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了美国宇航局的“IngenuityMars”直升机，在火星上完成首次试飞。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“ThefinalgoalofthemissionisnotonlytoshownewtechnologiesandgathermoredataonMars,butalsotopavethewayfor“searchingmissions”thatcanexploreterrainthatisinaccessibletorovers.(这次任务的最终目标不仅是展示新技术和收集更多的火星数据，还为“搜索任务”铺平道路，这些任务可以探索火星车无法进入的地形。)”可推知，美国宇航局可能在未来绘制一张更精确的火星地图。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“BecauseofthedistancebetweenEarthandMars,engineershadtoprogramtheflightaheadoftimeandwaitfortheresultstocomeback,makingtheentireprocessautonomous.(由于地球和火星之间的距离，工程师们不得不提前编写飞行程序，等待它回来，使整个过程自动化。)”可知，通过事先编写的程序来控制直升机的飞行，故选C。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段““Thisisa“Wrightbrothersmoment,”saidMiMiAung,projectmanagerforIngenuityatNASA’sJetPropulsionLaboratory.“Ican’timaginewhatittookforOrvilleandWilburWrighttodotheirfirstflight,butIsurecantellyouthatthehelicopterteampouredtheirheartandsoulintothisanddideverythingtheycouldimaginetomakethissuccessful.”(“这是Wrightbrothersmoment，”美国国家航空航天局创新项目经理米米昂说。“我无法想象Orville和WilburWright首飞需要付出什么代价，但我可以肯定地告诉你，直升机团队为此倾注了全部心血，竭尽所能，才取得了成功。”)”可知，Wright兄弟发明了飞机，这是航空史上的重要时刻，由此可推知，此处Wrightbrothersmoment指的是直升机在火星上完成首次试飞的这一成功时刻，即航空史上的一大亮点。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“NASA’sIngenuityMarshelicopterhascompleteditsfirsttestflight, markingamajormilestonefortheagency’seffortstoexploretheredplanet.The4-poundhelicoptertookofffromtheMartiansurfaceonMonday,hovering(盘旋)forabout30secondsbeforelandingbackdown.(美国宇航局的“智慧火星”直升机已经完成了它的第一次试飞，标志着该机构探索这颗红色星球的努力的一个重要里程碑。这架4磅重的直升机周一从火星表面起飞，在降落前盘旋了大约30秒。)”可知，文章主要介绍了美国宇航局的“智慧火星”直升机，在火星上完成首次试飞，由此可知，D项“美国宇航局火星直升机完成首次试飞”适合作文章标题，故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。5WaysYourChildBuildsImportantLifeSkillsthroughPlayEveryparentwantstheirchildrentodevelopwell.Sometimesitseemsthatachild’sgameisemptyentertainmentand____16____.However,forachild,playisthemainwayofcommunicatingwiththeworld,masteringnewknowledgeandskills.Thegameperformsseveralfunctions.Educationanddevelopment.Throughthegame,thechildlearnsnewskillsanddevelopsspeech,thinkingandlogic(逻辑),attentionandothermentalfunctions.Outdoorgamespromotephysicaldevelopmentandstrengthenthehealthofthechild.____17____Thus,gamescontributetothecognitiveandphysicaldevelopmentofthechild.____18____Throughthegame,thechildexplorestheworldaroundhimandmakeshislittlediscoveries.Throughgamesachildlearnsthelawsofphysics,thediversityofanimals,plants,professions,etc.Wayofcommunication.____19____:joys,anxieties,fears,hopes,expectations.Often,throughthegame,thechildtellsparentssomethingimportantabouthimselfandlearnssomethingimportantabouthisparents.Developmentofsocialskillsandfamiliaritywithsocialroles.Ingames,childrenlearntofollowtherules,controltheirbehavior,developcommunicationskillswithpeersandadults.Ingames,childrenlearndifferentsocialroles:parents,friends,teachers,doctors,kingsandpresidents.Expressionoffeelingsandlearningtomanageemotions.Oftenthegamebecomesawayforthechildtodealwiththeirdifficultexperiencestoexpresstheirfeelingsoffear,anger,sadness,shame.Ifachildisafraidofthedark,hecanplayagameinwhichheputshistoysindark places,andthencomfortsthemandsaysthatitisnotscary:____20____.A.Knowledgeoftheworld.B.Discoveriesandreflection.C.inthiswaythechilddealswithhisfear.D.Also,manygamesdevelopcreativityandimagination.E.itwouldbebettertoreplaceitwithsomethingmoreuseful.F.therearemanyonlinestoresthatofferqualityeducationaltoys.G.Agameforachildisalsoawaytocommunicatetheirexperiencestoanadult.【答案】16.E17.D18.A19.G20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了孩子通过游戏培养重要生活技能的五种方式。【16题详解】and连接两个并列句，表示顺承。空前的“Sometimesitseemsthatachild’sgameisemptyentertainment(有时，孩子的游戏似乎是空洞的娱乐)”讲述了有的时候孩子的游戏似乎没有什么用处，这里应承接前面内容，讲述的应是用有用的东西代替无用的游戏，E项“最好用更有用的东西来代替它”符合题意。故选E。【17题详解】空前“Outdoorgamespromotephysicaldevelopmentandstrengthenthehealthofthechild.(户外游戏促进身体发育，增强儿童健康)”讲述了户外游戏对孩子身体上的好处。空后“Thus,gamescontributetothecognitiveandphysicaldevelopmentofthechild.(因此，游戏有助于孩子的认知和身体发展。)”总结了游戏对孩子身体和认知都有益。所以空处应是讲述游戏对孩子认知上的好处，D项“此外，许多游戏都能培养创造力和想象力”符合题意。故选D。【18题详解】空处是本段小标题，结合上下文，小标题应是名词短语的形式。本段“Throughthegame,thechildexplorestheworldaroundhimandmakeshislittlediscoveries.Throughgamesachildlearnsthelawsofphysics,thediversityofanimals,plants,professions,etc.(通过游戏，孩子探索周围的世界，并做出自己的小发现。通过游戏，孩子学习物理定律，动物、植物、职业等的多样性)”讲述了孩子通过游戏可以学到许多东西，A项“关于世界的知识”最能概括本段内容。故选A。【19题详解】根据小标题“Wayofcommunication.(沟通的方式)”和后文“Often,throughthegame,thechildtellsparentssomethingimportantabouthimselfandlearnssomethingimportantabouthisparents.(通常，通过游戏，孩子告诉 父母一些关于他自己的重要信息，并了解一些关于他父母的重要信息。)”可知，本段讲述的是游戏是父母和孩子沟通的手段。G项“儿童游戏也是向成年人传达他们体验的一种方式。”符合题意，选项中的“awaytocommunicate”照应小标题，experiences呼应冒号后的joys,anxieties,fears,hopes,expectations。故选G。【20题详解】空前“Ifachildisafraidofthedark,hecanplayagameinwhichheputshistoysindarkplaces,andthencomfortsthemandsaysthatitisnotscary(如果孩子害怕黑暗，他可以玩一个游戏，在游戏中他把玩具放在黑暗的地方，然后安慰它们，说这并不可怕)”讲述了孩子有害怕的事情时，可以通过游戏将自己的害怕表现出来并学着克服害怕，冒号后的内容应是对前面内容的进一步评价，C项“这样孩子就可以处理他的恐惧”符合题意。故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Asachild,RobinStevenslovedreadingmurdermysterystories.She____21____herselfintheworldsoffictionaldetectives(侦探)likeHerculePoirot,SherlockHolmesandMissMarple.Thesechildhoodheroesnow____22____herowndetectivestoriesandmostrecentlythefirstinhernew____23____ofbookswascalledTheMinistryofUnladylikeActivity.ThisseriesissetintheSecondWorldWar(1939—45)andtellsthestoryofMayWong,____24____,withherfriendEric,wantstobeaspy(间谍).They____25____acaseatthemysteriousElysiumHall.StevenstellsTheWeekJuniorthatallhercharactersare____26____“partsofmyself,partsoffriendsandsomehistoricalcharacterswhoI____27____.”Stevenstriestowrite2,000wordseverydaywhenshe’sfirst____28____astory.“It’scomplicated(复杂的)andIthink,‘Thisis____29____,Ican’twrite’,”shesays,butthenshegoesback,checksand_____30_____afewpagesatatimeand_____31_____thestorycomestogether.Shesayshersnackofchoiceisjellybeans,tokeepherbrain_____32_____.“Ifyouwanttowrite,youhaveto_____33_____,”shesays,oratleast,_____34_____storiesfrombooks,TVorfilms.Althoughwritingcanbehardand_____35_____,ifyougiveafewminutestoiteveryday,weekormonth,youwillimprove.Remembertohavefunwithastory,Stevenssays,“andifyou’renothavingfun,writesomethingelse.”21.A.forcedB.limitedC.permittedD.absorbed22.A.ensureB.inspireC.reflectD.describe23.A.pileB.planC.seriesD.album 24.A.whoB.thatC.whenD.which25.A.defendB.uncoverC.identifyD.investigate26.A.joinedtoB.providedwithC.separatedintoD.madeupof27.A.defineB.admireC.ignoreD.memorize28.A.workingonB.handingonC.impactingonD.lookingon29.A.horribleB.puzzlingC.embarrassingD.fascinating30.A.clicksB.replansC.rewritesD.illustrates31.A.absolutelyB.immediatelyC.graduallyD.unusually32.A.alarmedB.energeticC.effectiveD.depressed33.A.tryB.readC.checkD.copy34.A.stirupB.takeoutC.figureoutD.takein35.A.annoyingB.flexibleC.fictionalD.risky【答案】21.D22.B23.C24.A25.D26.D27.B28.A29.B30.C31.C32.B33.D34.D35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了RobinStevens的小说系列的灵感来源，以及她写小说的过程和建议。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她沉浸在虚构侦探的世界里，比如赫尔克里·波洛、夏洛克·福尔摩斯和马普尔小姐。A.forced强迫；B.limited限制；C.permitted允许；D.absorbed使全神贯注。根据前一句“Asachild,RobinStevenslovedreadingmurdermysterystories.(从小RobinStevens就喜欢读谋杀悬疑小说)”可知，RobinStevens喜欢读谋杀悬疑小说，所以她沉浸在虚构侦探的世界中。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些儿时的英雄现在给她自己的侦探故事提供灵感，最近她的新书系列中的第一本名叫TheMinistryofUnladylikeActivity。A.ensure确保；B.inspire赋予灵感；C.reflect反映；D.describe描写。根据“Thesechildhoodheroesnow____2____herowndetectivestories”并结合她喜欢读侦探小说可知，儿时她读过的小说人物为她写自己的侦探故事提供了灵感。故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.pile摞，堆；B.plan计划；C.series系列；D.album唱片。根据第二段中的“Thisseries”可知，这里是series的原词复现。故选C。【24题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：本系列以第二次世界大战（1939—45）为背景，讲述了MayWong的故事，她和朋友Eric想成为一名间谍。A.who关系代词，先行词是人；B.that关系代词，先行词是人或物；C.when关系副词；D.which关系代词，先行词是事物。分析句子结构，空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词MayWong，指人，且在从句中作主语，所以应用who引导。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在神秘的爱丽舍宫大厅调查一起案件。A.defend捍卫，为……辩护；B.uncover发现，揭露；C.identify确认，认出；D.investigate调查。根据空后的“acaseatthemysteriousElysiumHall”并结合有关侦探的工作常识可知，他们是在调查一起案件。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Stevens告诉《少年周刊》，她所有的人物都是由“我的一部分、朋友的一部分和我钦佩的一些历史人物”组成的。A.(be)joinedto与……连接；B.(be)providedwith被提供；C.(be)separatedinto被分成；D.(be)madeupof由……组成。根据空后的“partsofmyself,partsoffriendsandsomehistoricalcharacters”可知，这里是说Stevens故事中的人物是由自己的一部分、朋友的一部分和一些历史人物组成的。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.define定义；B.admire钦佩；C.ignore忽视；D.memorize记忆。根据空前的“somehistoricalcharacters”可知，她选用了一些自己钦佩的历史人物。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Stevens第一次写故事时，每天都要写2000字。A.workingon致力于，从事；B.handingon把某事物交给或留给（某人）使用（或处理）；C.impactingon对……有影响；D.lookingon旁观。根据空后的“astory”可知，这里是说她第一次写一个故事，即从事写这个故事的工作。故选A。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这很复杂，于是我想，‘这太令人费解了，我不会写’，”她说，但随后她返回去、检查和每次重写几页，于是故事逐渐地融合在一起。A.horrible恐怖的；B.puzzling令人费解的；C.embarrassing令人尴尬的；D.fascinating迷人的。根据前面的“It’scomplicated(复杂的)”可知，她觉得故事非常复杂，令人费解，所以认为自己写不下去了。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.clicks点击；B.replans重新计划；C.rewrites重写；D.illustrates加插图于。根据空前的“goesback,checks”可知，她返回故事前面检查，遇到不合适的地方就一次重写几页。故选C。【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意参考第9题解析。A.absolutely绝对地；B.immediately立即；C.gradually逐渐地；D.unusually不寻常地。根据前面的“afewpagesatatime”可知，她每次重写几页，慢慢地故事就融合在一起了。故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说她选择的零食是果冻豆，以保持大脑活力。A.alarmed害怕；B.energetic精力充沛的，充满活力的；C.effective有效的；D.depressed抑郁的。根据空前的“hersnackofchoiceisjellybeans,tokeepherbrain”结合她写侦探小说的事实可知，她吃果冻豆零食以让自己的头脑保持活力。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“如果你想写作，你必须模仿，”她说，或者至少要吸收书、电视或电影中的故事。A.try尝试；B.read阅读；C.check检查；D.copy仿写，模仿。根据后面的“atleast,____14____storiesfrombooks,TVorfilms”可知，这里是说要写作就得会模仿。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意参考上题。A.stirup激励，鼓动；B.takeout去除，获得；C.figureout弄清楚；D.takein吸收，理解。根据空后的“storiesfrombooks,TVorfilms”可知，这里是说要吸收书、电视或电影中的故事。故选D。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管写作可能很难也很烦人，但如果你每天、每周或每月都花几分钟，你就会进步。A.annoying令人烦恼的；B.flexible灵活的；C.fictional虚构的；D.risky有危险（或风险）的。这里应和and前的hard表达的感情色彩一致，指的是写作既困难又令人烦恼。故选A。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheownerofasmallstoreinChangchunisZhangJindong,athird-generationinheritoroftheartofmaking____36____(tradition)Chinesemudmen.Zhangfirst____37____(get)toknowaboutcreatingmudmenwhenhewasinprimaryschool.Atthattime,heusedtoimitatehis____38____(parent)mudfiguresandlearnedsomedrawingskillsaswell.HedevotedhimselftocreatingmudmenwithlocalfeaturesinNEChinaafterhis____39____(retire).Hebasesthemonhistorybooksandhasdrawnmanyotherstomakingvividmudfigures.Zhanghasalsomadesomeinterestingmudpiecesillustratingyoungpeople’slivesinmoderntimes,suchasgirls____40____(take)selfies.NocolorisusedinZhang’smudmen.“Mymudfiguresaremadewithroughmudwhichshows____41____ideaofprotectingtheecology(生态),”Zhangsaid. Zhanghastwodaughters,bothofwhomaremastersinmakingmudfigures,____42____theirworkisevenbetterthanZhang’s.MudfigurineZhang(泥人张)referstoamud-menmaker____43____familynamewas“Zhang”about180yearsago.Zhang____44____(inspire)bymanyartforms—operas,paintingsandwoodblockdrawings—andhisstrikingmudmenwerepopularamongpeople.Later,allsuchcraftsmanshipwasnamed_____45_____MasterZhang.【答案】36.traditional37.got38.parents’39.retirement40.taking41.the42.and43.whose44.wasinspired45.after【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了中国传统泥人制作技艺的第三代传承人张金东对传统手艺的弘扬和传承。【36题详解】考查形容词。句意：长春一家小店的老板是中国传统泥人制作技艺的第三代传承人张金东。空处应用形容词，作定语修饰Chinesemudmen。traditional意为“传统的”。故填traditional。【37题详解】考查动词的时态。句意：张在小学时第一次了解泥人的创作。空处作主句的谓语。根据从句中的was，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填got。【38题详解】考查名词的数和所有格。句意：那时，他经常模仿父母的泥人，还学会了一些绘画技巧。根据句意，这里表示“他的父母”，应用parent的复数形式parents。空处作定语修饰mudfigures，应用名词所有格。故填parents’。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：退休后，他致力于在东北地区创作具有地方特色的泥人。根据空前的his，空处应用名词。retirement意为“退休”。故填retirement。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：张还制作了一些有趣的泥件来描绘现代年轻人的生活，比如自拍的女孩们。suchas“例如”后跟名词、动名词，所以空处应用动名词taking。girls作动名词taking的逻辑主语。故填 taking。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：张说：“我的泥塑是用粗糙的泥做成的，这表明了保护生态的理念。”idea后有of介词短语修饰，这里表示特指，应加定冠词the。故填the。【42题详解】考查连词。句意：张有两个女儿，都是制作泥塑的大师，而且她们的作品比张还要好。分析句子结构，空处应用并列连词，连接两个分句。根据句意，“张有两个泥塑大师的女儿”和“她们俩的作品比张的作品还要好”之间是并列关系，应用and连接。故填and。【43题详解】考查定语从句。句意：泥人张是指大约180年前，一位姓“张”的泥人制作者。分析句子结构，空处引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词amud-menmaker，指人，并和空后的familyname之间是所属关系，所以应用whose引导。故填whose。【44题详解】考查主谓一致、时态和语态。句意：张受戏曲、绘画、木版画等多种艺术形式的启发，其引人注目的泥人形象深受人们欢迎。空处作谓语。根据句中的were，这里表示过去，应用一般过去时。根据句意和空后的“bymanyartforms”，Zhang和inspire之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，且主语为单数，be动词应用单数形式was。故填wasinspired。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：后来，所有这些工艺都以张大师的名字命名。name...after...意为“以……命名……”。故填after。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假如你是班长李华。本周六你校将组织国际班浏览岱庙，请你写一则通知，内容包括：1.集合时间、地点(8:00a.m.，校门口)；2.浏览安排及要求。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion：NOTICEInordertomakestudentsbetterlearnaboutChineseculture,ourschoolwillorganizeatriptoDaiTemplethisSaturday.Everyoneistotakepartinthisactivity.Wewillgatherattheschoolgateat8:00a.m.thatdayandgotogetherbybus.Atabout9:30a.m.,wewillarriveatthedestination.Thenaguidewillleadusaround,givingusdetailedintroductionsabouteachspot.Thevisitbeoverat12:00,andthenwewillreturnhomebybus.Pleasetakesomewaterandanumbrellawithyou,andkeepquietduringthevisit.LiHua,Monitoroftheinternationalclass【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达为应用文写作，要求考生写一则通知，告诉国际班浏览岱庙的集合时间、地点，以及浏览安排、要求。【详解】1.词汇积累了解：learnabout→understand/haveanunderstandingof安排：organize→arrange参加：takepartin→beinvolvedin/participatein给……详细介绍……：give…detailedintroductionsabout…→introduce…indetailto…2.句式拓展并列句改为主从复合句原句：Thevisitbeoverat12:00,andthenwewillreturnhomebybus.拓展句：Thevisitbeoverat12:00,afterwhichwewillreturnhomebybus.【点睛】【高分句型1】InordertomakestudentsbetterlearnaboutChineseculture,ourschoolwillorganizeatriptoDaiTemplethisSaturday.(使用了inordertodo…结构作目的状语和“make+宾语+宾补”结构)【高分句型2】Thenaguidewillleadusaround,givingusdetailedintroductionsabouteachspot.(使用了现在分词短语作伴随状语)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。MichelleandIhadbeenbestfriendssincethefourthgrade.Shewasabeautifulgirlinsideandout,oneofthekindestI’devermet.Wewerelikepaperandglue—completelyinseparable.ItwasintheeighthgradethatthingsslowlystartedtochangebetweenMichelleandme.Ibecameasocial butterfly,flyingaroundtodifferentgroupsoffriends,discussingthehottestgossip(八卦).AlthoughImademanynewfriendsthatyear,IstilllovedMichelleandwantedhertohangoutwithmynew,fairlylargesocialgroup.Itriedtodragheralongtomysocialgatherings,.butIsoonnoticedthedisapproving(不赞成的)looksandwhispersaboutMichelle—aclearmessagethatshewasnotcoolenoughtohangoutwithus.Onenight,oneofmynewfriends,Jamie,cameoverafterschool.Iwasexcitedthatshewantedtocomeovertomyhouseandspendtimewithme.Afteracoupleofhoursoflaughingandhavingagreattime,Michelle’snamecameupinourconversation.Slowly,amischievous(恶意的)smileformedonJamie’sface.JamieorderedthatItellMichellethatJamiewasmybestfriendthen.AfraidthatmynewfriendswoulddislikemeifIrefused,justliketheydidtoMichelle,Ipickedupthephone,dialedMichelle’snumberandsaiditouttoherwithouthesitation.Shewasmoresad,heartbrokenandangrythanI’dexpected,andasIlistenedtohercryoverthephone,Irememberedhowcloseweusedtobe.Atthatmoment,IrealizedhowmuchItreasuredherfriendship,andhowcruelmyactionswere.NeedingtothinkaboutwhatIhadjustdone,Igotoffthephone.IsooncalledMichellebackandtoldherthetruthandIwasdeeplysorrythatIeverdecidedtobetray(背叛)her.IwassorryfornotbeingthereforherinthelastfewmonthsandIwassorryforlettingmyfriendspressuremeintosituationslikethese.Iwantedtobeherbestfriendagain.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。ButshewasnotasforgivingasIhadhoped.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Aweeklater,Michelleaskedforleavebecauseshewasill.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】ButshewasnotasforgivingasIhadhoped.Thenextday,Ifoundherandsaidsorrytoherinperson.“IshouldnothavesaidthesewordsasJamietoldme.Iamreallysorry.Canwebegoodfriendsagain?”Iaskedsincerely.“No,youarenotmyfriendagain.ItisJamiewhoisyourbestfriend.Gotoplaywithher,yourbestfriend!!”Shesaidangrilyandthenleft,leavingmethereallalone.IknewIreallyhurtherthistime.WhatshouldIdotomakeherforgiveme?Inthenextfewdays,shedidn’ttalktomeanymore.Ifeltsosad.Aweeklater,Michelleaskedforleavebecauseshewasill.Knowingthat,Iwasveryworried.ShouldIgotoseeher?Butwhatifshedidn’tseeme?Iwastroubledbythesequestionsanddidn’tknowwhattodo.ButIknewIwasveryworriedabouther.Soaftertheinnerstruggle,Ifinallygatheredmycouragetoseeher.WhenIarrivedherhome,shewassurprisedtoseeme.Nervously,Icamenearherandasked,“Areyouallright?”“Fine,”shesaidsoftly,“Iamsorryfortreatingyoulikethat.Canwebegoodfriendsagain!”“Ofcourse,itisIwhoshouldsaysorry.Youarealwaysmybestfriend.”Isaid.Then,webothsmiled.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了米歇尔和作者从四年级开始就是最好的朋友。从八年级开始，作者和米歇尔之间的关系开始慢慢发生变化，作者交了很多朋友，但是这些朋友不愿意和米歇尔玩。一天晚上，作者的一个新朋友，杰米，放学后来作者家玩。杰米命令作者打电话告诉米歇尔，杰米是作者最好的朋友。作者照做了。听了作者的话，米歇尔很伤心也很生气，这时作者意识到米歇尔和自己的友谊是多么珍贵。很快作者又给米歇尔回了电话，告诉了她真相，作者为自己背叛她而深感抱歉，并想再次成为她最好的朋友。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“但她并不像我希望的那样宽容。”可知，第一段可描写作者向米歇尔道歉，但是米歇尔很生气，没有原谅作者。②由第二段首句内容“一周后，米歇尔因病请假。”可知，第二段可描写作者很担心米歇尔，于是去她家看她。最终作者和米歇尔和好。2.续写线索：道歉——生气没有原谅——作者伤心——请假——担心——去看她——和好3.词汇激活行为类①困扰：trouble/beset②到达：arrive/getto③走近：comenear/walkupto情绪类①真诚地：sincerely/withsincerity ②生气地：angrily/inahuff【点睛】[高分句型1]IshouldnothavesaidthesewordsasJamietoldme.（运用了as引导的方式状语从句）[高分句型2]ItisJamiewhoisyourbestfriend.（运用了强调句）[高分句型3]WhenIarrivedherhome,shewassurprisedtoseeme.（运用了when引导的状语从句）