浙江省名校新高考研究联盟2023-2024学年高三英语上学期第一次联考试题（Word版附解析）

Z20名校联盟(浙江省名校新高考研究联盟)2024届高三第一次联考英语试题卷考生须知1.本试卷分第1卷(选择题)和第11卷(非选择题)。满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。2.请用黑色签字笔将学校、班级、姓名、考号分别填写在答题卷和机读卡的相应位置上。第Ⅰ卷(选择题部分)第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节：(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatarethespeakersgoingtodoonSaturday?A.Enjoyaconcert.B.Gotothecinema.C.Playcomputergames.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:WhatshallwedoonSaturday,Harry?I’mboredwithplayingcomputergamesallthetime.M:Wecouldgotothecinema.TheFlashison.W:I’vealreadyseenit.Ourfavoritebandisgivingaconcert.Let’sgoseetheirperformance.M:Greatidea.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whenwillthetrainprobablyleave?A.At10:00.B.At10:30.C.At10:45.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Didyouheartheannouncement?Itsaidourteno’clocktraintoPariswouldbedelayedfor45minutes. W:Ah,badnews!We’vebeenwaitingherefor30minutes.I’msotired.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdoesthemanprobablyfeel?A.Excited.B.Unhappy.C.Surprised.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:What’sonyourmind?Youlookupset.M:Nothingmuch.Idon’treallywanttotalkaboutit.W:Don’tkeepeverythingtoyourself.I’malwaysheretolistentoyou.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydoesthewomancongratulatetheman?A.He’sgettingmarried.B.Hebecomesadoctor.C.He’sjustbecomeafather.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:How’smywife?W:Congratulations!Yourwifegavebirthtoabeautifulbabygirl.M:ThankGod!Doctor,canIseemywifenow?W:Sure.She’sabittiredandstressed.Butdon’tworry,sheisingoodhands.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Asaying.B.Agame.C.Aheartdisease.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Doyouknowthemeaningof“crossmyheart(andhopetodie)”?M:Ofcourse,itisusedtosaythatyoupromisethatyouwilldosomething,orthatwhatyouaresayingistrue.第二节：(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inalibrary.B.Inthewoman’sstudy.C.Inasecond-handbookstore.7.Whenwillthespeakersgoonvacation?A.Inthreedays.B.Infivedays.C.Intendays.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】M:Comingherewasagreatidea.IliketojustbrowsearoundthewholeshopandseewhatI’mdrawnto.W:Metoo!Iespeciallylikesecond-handbookshopslikethis.Sometimesyoucanfindsomereallyinterestingbooks.M:Iknowwhatyoumean.Andallthebooksareatgoodprices.W:Yeah,youcangettenbooksforonlyfivedollars.That’sprettygoodvalue.M:I’llbuysomegoodbookstoreadonthebeach.We’regoingonholidayinthreedays,andIneedtofindsomegoodreadingmaterialbeforewehittheroad.W:Goodpoint.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WhatdidSarahdoalmosteverydayduringhertrip?A.Sheplayedthepiano.B.Shewentswimming.C.Shedidherhomework.9.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolmates.B.Guideandtourist.C.Teacherandstudent.【答案】8.B9.A【解析】【原文】M:HeySarah,welcomeback!Howwasthetrip?W:Fantastic.Igotahighscoreinmypianoexam.MymomwassoproudthatsheletmehaveanysouvenirIwanted.MCool,whatdidyouget?W:Iwantedsomethingtoremindmeofallthebreathtakinglandscapes,soIgotthisglassbottlefilledwithsandfromthedifferentbeacheswevisited.M:Wow,it’ssopretty.Ihearthebeachestherearefantastic.Didyoudoalotofswimming?W:Absolutely.Thewaterwassocleanandclear.Iwentforaswimalmosteveryday.M:That’ssocool.I’mtotallyjealous.Itrainedhereprettymuchwhileyouweregone. W:Atleastyoudon’thavetocatchuponhomeworklikeme.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whodoesthemanwanttotalkto?A.PeterGriffin.B.JaneSolomon.C.MariaFernandez.11.Whatdoesthemanneed?A.Aphonenumber.B.After-salesservice.C.Projectinformation.12.Whatdoesthemandointheend?A.Havelunchwiththewoman.B.Givethewomanhisemailaddress.C.Arrangeameetingwiththewoman.【答案】10.C11.C12.B【解析】【原文】W:Hello,After-salesServiceDepartment.JaneSolomonspeaking.M:Hello.CouldIspeaktoMariaFernandez,please?W:I’msorry,butshe’snotintheofficeatthemoment.She’sonherlunchbreak.M:Isee.CouldyoupleasetellherthatPeterGriffincalled?W:Sure.Howdoyouspellyourlastname,please?M:It’sG-R-I-F-F-I-N.W:OK.Igotit.M:Thanks.Pleaseaskhertocallmebackassoonaspossible,andtellherit’saboutourproject.Ireallyneedthelatestprojectfiguresfortomorrow’smeeting.W:Noproblem.I’lltellheronceshecomesbacktotheoffice.M:Thankyou.IncaseshehastosendmeanemailcanIgiveyoumyemailaddresstoo?W:Ofcourse.M:Great.It’spetergriffin@fresh.com.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whatdoesthemanprobablyteach?A.Math.B.History.C.Physics. 14.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthegirl’squestion?A.It’ssilly.B.It’sdifficult.C.It’sworthasking.15.WhatcanwelearnaboutFibonacci?A.Hewasthebestmathematicianever.B.Hehadpoorhealththroughouthislife.C.Heputforwardanewnumbersequence.16.Whatisthefifthnumberinthenumbersequence?A.2.B.3.C.5.【答案】13.A14.C15.C16.B【解析】【原文】M:OK,beforewecontinue,doesanybodyhavequestions?Oh,Sally?W:Mr.Cook,youtalkedabouttheFibonaccisequenceinyourlastclass.ButIwassicksoImissedit.Idon’tunderstandit.Couldyouexplainittome?M:Ofcourse.Whatdoyouwanttoknow?W:Ihopethisisn’tasillyquestion,butwhatdoesFibonacciactuallymean?M:Noquestioniseversilly.Peoplebecomelearnedbyaskingquestions.FibonacciisthenameofapersonwhoisconsideredtobeoneofthemosttalentedmathematiciansoftheMiddleAges.W:So,whatistheFibonaccisequence?M:It’sasequenceofnumbersintroducedbyFibonacci.Theyare0,1,1,2,3,5,8andsoon.Doyouseehowitworks?W:Ihavenoidea.M:Letmeshowyou.Thefirstnumberis0andthesecondnumberis1.Startingthethirdnumber,eachnumberisthesumofitsprevioustwonumbers.Sothethirdnumberis0plus1,whichis1.Thefourthnumberisthesecondnumberplusthethirdnumber:1plus1is2.Thefifthnumberisthethirdnumberplusthefourthnumber:1plus2.Sothefifthnumberinthesequenceis3.Areyouclearaboutitnow?W:Ah!IthinkIunderstandnow.Thankssomuchforyourexplanation.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatdoweknowabouttheweatherlastweek?A.Itwasdry.B.Itwasstormy.C.Itwascold.18.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestdoing? A.Drivingslowly.B.Avoidinggoingout.C.Preparingenoughfood.19.Whatcanpeopleexpectnextmonth?A.Heavyrainfall.B.Extremecold.C.Strongwinds.20.WhoisprobablyDan?A.Aweatherman.B.Asportsjournalist.C.Afinancenewshost.【答案】17.A18.C19.B20.C【解析】【原文】Goodevening.ThisisAlanRickmanherewiththisweek’sweatherreport.Afteraweekofdryweather,there’sahugestormcomingfromthewest.Weareexpectingheavysnowfallandstrongwindstomorrowmorning.ThetemperaturesmightdropsharplywithalowofminustendegreesCelsius.Iwon’tbesurprisedifschoolsgetclosed.Sobecarefulwhengoingoutside.Ifyouhavetogoout,dresswarmlyanddon’tstayoutsidefortoolong.Roadconditionsmightbepoor,soavoiddrivingifyoucan.Youshouldstoreenoughfoodandothernecessaryitemsquickly,justincaseyou’llhavetostayathomeforacoupleofdaysoncethestormhits.OnWednesday,thetemperaturevariesfromminusfivedegreesCelsiustominuseight.Itseemsthatthestormwillleaveontheweekendwithlightsnowexpected.Nextmonththedryweatherwillcomeback,butitwon’tbringbackthewarmthweenjoyedlastweek,buttheseverecoldinstead.Sorryforallthebadnewstothosewhoenjoyoutdoorsports.Andthat’syourweatherreport.Haveagreatevening!Now,backtoDanwithtonight’sbusinessnews.第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节:(共15个小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheebikehasbecomeanessentialitem,andeventheKinghasbeenspottedridingone.AccordingtothemarketresearchcompanyMintel,saleshavealmosttripledoverthepastfiveyears.Whileebikeshavebecomeincreasinglycommonplace,theyarestillundeniablyexpensive.Youcanpickupaperfectlyadequatepushbikefor£300,butmostebikescostnearly£2,000.Now,CyclingElectric,designedtohelpconsumerschooseanebike,offersthefollowingrecommendations.BestfoldingbikeCarboModelXPrice:£2799|Weight:13.3kg Range:upto34milesThisisoneofthemostconvenientbikes,fromalittle-knownlabel.ThelightweightCarboXistheperfectexampleofconveniencethankstoitscarbonframeandbeltdrive,insteadofametalbikechain.ThismakesitlighterandlesslikelytogetmessythananelectricBrompton,withitsmoretraditional,oilychain.MoststylishTempleCyclesClassicPrice:from£2,995|Weight:19kgRange:upto74milesThisBristol-basedbrandisknownforitselegantpushbikes,whicharehand-builtinthecity.Thisisitselectricversion.It’saverysleekandfunctionalcommuteroptionandnottooheavy.Templeshavefewerproprietary(品牌专卖的)partsandsoareserviceableinanybikeshop.Stylishastheymaybe,theVanMoofsandtheCowboyscanbeabitmorecomplextogetback-upandservice.Themoney-no-objectoptionRiese&MüllerNevo4GTVarioGXPrice:£5,380|Weight:28.4kgRange:upto93milesThisisaprimeexampleoftheattentiontodetaildeliveringahigh-qualityexperienceinfunctionality,comfortandpracticality—ifyoucanaffordit.Ithasthecapacitytohandle25kgofluggageinapannier,powerfulroadlightsandabeautifullysmoothmotor.21.WhatistheadvantageoftheTemplesoverotherstylishebikebrands?A.Theyaremorelightweight.B.Theyhavemorefunctions.C.Theyhaveeasieraccesstoservice.D.Theyaremorecomfortable.22.Whichebikewillaconsumerprobablychoose,whocaresmostaboutanexcellentexperience?A.CarboModelX.B.TheVanMoofsandtheCowboys.C.TempleCyclesClassic.D.Riese&MüllerNevo4GTVarioGX.23.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Anonlinepost.B.Amagazinecolumn.C.Amarketresearchreport.D.Anofficialdocument.【答案】21.C22.D23.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是CyclingElectric推荐的三款电动自行车。 【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第二款自行车介绍部分的“Templeshavefewerproprietary(品牌专卖的)partsandsoareserviceableinanybikeshop.Stylishastheymaybe,theVanMoofsandtheCowboyscanbeabitmorecomplextogetback-upandservice.(Temples的专用部件较少，因此在任何自行车商店都可以维修。尽管VanMoofs和Cowboys可能很时髦，但要获得支持和服务可能会有点复杂。)”可知，Temples比其他时尚的电动自行车品牌的优势是它们更容易获得服务。故选C。【22题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一款车的介绍部分的“Thisisaprimeexampleoftheattentiontodetaildeliveringahigh-qualityexperienceinfunctionality,comfortandpracticality—ifyoucanaffordit.(如果你能负担得起的话，这是一个注重细节，在功能、舒适和实用性方面提供高质量体验的典型例子。)”可知，最关心良好的体验的消费者会选择Riese&MüllerNevo4GTVarioGX，故选D。【23题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Now,CyclingElectric,designedtohelpconsumerschooseanebike,offersthefollowingrecommendations.(现在，旨在帮助消费者选择电动自行车的CyclingElectric提供了以下建议。)”可知，主要介绍的是CyclingElectric推荐的三款电动自行车，因此很可能是来自于一个杂志专栏。故选B。BHavingspentmorethanadecadeonthedancefloor,ROME—NiccoloFilippi,a23-year-oldItaliandanceperformer,recentlydecidedtoexploreChinesecultureanditstraditionaldanceformsandbelievesthatthisexperiencewillnotonlyboosthiscareer,butalsobroadenhishorizonsbeyondtheworldofdance.HisinterestindiversifyinghisskillsgrewafterhestumbleduponashortvideooftraditionalChinese-styleddanceonYouTube.“Isawitasanartthatcombinestraditionandmodernity,whichwasmostlythereasonwhyIlikedit,”saysFilippi.Eversince,hehasbeencloselyfollowingChinesedanceperformersandwatchingnumerousvideostolearnmoreaboutthetraditionalstylethatheadmires.“Ipreferthetraditionalstylebecauseofitslightmovements.Italsoreflectsmypersonalitywithelegance,”headds.Filippi’schancecamewhenhewasinvitedtoperformforaChineseNewYearcelebrationinthecentralItaliancityofFlorence.Hehassincefullycommittedhimselftotheartform,learningseveralpiecesandputtinghisnewfoundpassionintopractice.“ThebiggestdifferencethatIfound(comparedtootherdisciplines)isthechangeofmoodandemotionalexpressionsamongdances,”saysFilippi,addingthatheneededtoshiftfromthedynamicmovesofhip-hoptothe gracefulandfluidmovementsofChinesedance.Despitevariousobstacles,Filippi’seffortshavenotgoneunnoticed.Twoofhisfriendssharedvideosofhisperformancesonsocialmedia,andtheresponsewasoverwhelming.Onevideogarnered500,000views,whiletheotherreceived200,000views.Filippibelievesthatlearningaboutdifferentculturesispriceless,andheseesitasameansofpersonalgrowth.“Iliketothinkofapersonasabook,”hesays.“Embracingdifferenttraditionsandcultures,suchasChinesecultureandmanyothers,islikeaddingnewchapterstomybook,makingitmorediverseandwonderful.”24.WhatisthemainreasonwhyFilippifallsinlovewithtraditionalChinesedance?A.Itspotentialtoboosthiscareer.B.Itsmixoftraditionalandmodernelements.C.Itsgracefulandlightmovements.D.Itstruereflectionofhiselegantpersonality.25.HowdoestheauthorillustratethepopularityofFilippi’svideos?A.Bylistingnumbers.B.Bygivinganexample.C.Bysharingastory.D.Bymakingacomparison.26.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Filippithinkslittleoflearningfromothercultures.B.Peopleprefertowritedowntheirpastexperiences.C.Acceptingvariousculturesboostspersonalgrowth.D.Abookwithchaptersontraditionsismorewonderful.27Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Chinese-styleddancevideosgoviralonsocialmedia.B.AnItalian’sdancejourneytowardsspecializationstarts.C.Filippi’sdesireforChinesecultureextendsbeyonddance.D.AnItaliandancershowspassionforChinese-styleddance.【答案】24.B25.A26.C27.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是意大利舞蹈演员NiccoloFilippi最近决定探索中国文化及其传统舞蹈形式，并相信这段经历不仅会促进他的职业生涯，还会拓宽他在舞蹈世界之外的视野。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的““Isawitasanartthatcombinestraditionandmodernity,whichwasmostlythereasonwhyIlikedit,”saysFilippi.(Filippi说：“我认为这是一种结合了传统与现代的艺术，这也是我喜欢它的主要原因。”)”可知，Filippi爱上中国传统舞蹈的主要原因是它融合了传统和现代元素。故选B。 【25题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Twoofhisfriendssharedvideosofhisperformancesonsocialmedia,andtheresponsewasoverwhelming.Onevideogarnered500,000views,whiletheotherreceived200,000views.(他的两个朋友在社交媒体上分享了他的表演视频，反响非常热烈。其中一个视频获得了50万次观看，而另一个则获得了20万次观看)”可推知，作者通过列出数字说明Filippi的视频的受欢迎程度，故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Filippibelievesthatlearningaboutdifferentculturesispriceless,andheseesitasameansofpersonalgrowth.(Filippi认为学习不同的文化是无价的，他认为这是个人成长的一种方式)”可推知，从最后一段可以推断出接受不同的文化能促进个人成长。故选C。【27题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Havingspentmorethanadecadeonthedancefloor,ROME—NiccoloFilippi,a23-year-oldItaliandanceperformer,recentlydecidedtoexploreChinesecultureanditstraditionaldanceformsandbelievesthatthisexperiencewillnotonlyboosthiscareer,butalsobroadenhishorizonsbeyondtheworldofdance.(23岁的意大利舞蹈演员NiccoloFilippi在舞池ROME里呆了十多年，最近他决定探索中国文化及其传统舞蹈形式，并相信这段经历不仅会促进他的职业生涯，还会拓宽他在舞蹈世界之外的视野)”可知，本文主要讲的是意大利舞蹈演员NiccoloFilippi最近决定探索中国文化及其传统舞蹈形式，并相信这段经历不仅会促进他的职业生涯，还会拓宽他在舞蹈世界之外的视野。由此可知，D选项“AnItaliandancershowspassionforChinese-styleddance.(一位意大利舞者对中国风格的舞蹈表现出热情)”能够概括本文主旨。故选D。CConsiderthepossibilitythatallhumantechnologystartedwithamistake—oratleastalackofhand-eyecoordination.InanewstudypublishedonFridayinScienceAdvances,LydiaLunczandTomosProffitt,bothattheMaxPlanckInstituteforEvolutionaryAnthropologyinLeipzig,Germany,arguethatmistakenlycreatedflakes(薄片)mayhavebeenourancientancestors’orothernow-extinctearlyhumanrelatives“firststeptowardcreatingthesharp-edgedtoolsthattheyusedtobutcheranimalsandcutedibleplants.Todotheirresearch,LunczandProffitttraveledtoanabandonedoilpalmplantationnearThailand’sPhangNgaBayandcollectedmorethan1,100piecesofnut-crackingstonesusedbyatroopoflong-tailedmacaques(猕猴).Macaquescrackopenoilpalmnutsbyplacingthemonaflatstoneandstrikingtheirshellwithanotherstone.Thesemonkeysoftenmissthenutandaccidentallybreakthestones,producingsharpflakes.LunczandProffittanalyzedthesestones,whichrevealedasurprisingfact:Theflakesthatthemacaquesunintentionallyproducedlookedalotliketheoldeststonetoolsthatwereintentionallymadebyhominins(古人类). Macaquesdon’tusethesharpflakestheycreateforanything,Lunczadds,notingthatthemonkeyshavesharpteethanddon’tneedcuttingtools.Thesimilarancientstonetoolscollectedfromsomeoftheearliestknownsites,however,showevidenceofbeingusedforcuttingtasks.Forexample,inOldowan,asitedatingbetween3.3millionand1.5millionyearsago,researchersanalyzeduse-wearpatternsonthetoolsandfoundthatsomeoftheflakesshoweddamagealongtheiredges,indicatingthattheyhadbeenusedforcutting.Cutmarksonsomefossilsrevealedthathomininshadusedstonetoolsforbutcheringtheanimals,makingitclearthatthesharpstonetoolswereanythingbutunintentionalby-productsofotherpoundingactivities.Despitethefindings,torevealthemechanismfortheemergenceofflaketechnology,researchersstillneedtolearnhowhomininsmadetheleapfromaccidentallyproducingsharpflakestopickingthemupandusingthem.LunczandProffitthopetofindthemissinglinkinfurtherstudies.28.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A.ThetworesearcherswenttoThailandandcollected1,100flakes.B.Long-tailedmacaquesusedtheflakestocrackopenoilpalmnuts.C.Macaquesdeliberatelyproducedflakesforcuttingbybreakingstones.D.Theflakesproducedbymacaquesweresimilartohominins’stonetools.29.WhydoestheauthormentiontheOldowansiteinparagraph3?A.Toprovidespecificproof.B.Toclarifyacomplexconcept.C.Topresentaninterestingfact.D.Tomakeadetailedcomparison.30.WhatwillLunczandProffittprobablyfocusonintheirfuturestudy?A.Whymacaquescreateflakes.B.Whyhomininsusedstonetools.C.Howmacaquescutfoodwithflakes.D.Howhomininsbeganusingflakes.31.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Amistake:theoriginofhumantechnology.B.Flaketechnology:frommacaquestohominins.C.Poundingactivities:onhumanevolutionarycourse.D.Amissinglink:long-tailedmacaquescreateflakes.【答案】28.D29.A30.D31.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过一项动物研究，介绍了我们早期人类因为意外情况使用工具的情况。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“LunczandProffittanalyzedthesestones,whichrevealedasurprisingfact:The flakesthatthemacaquesunintentionallyproducedlookedalotliketheoldeststonetoolsthatwereintentionallymadebyhominins(古人类).(Luncz和Proffitt分析了这些石头，发现了一个令人惊讶的事实：猕猴无意中产生的薄片看起来很像人类故意制造的最古老的石器。)”可知，猕猴制作的薄片与人类的石器相似。故选D。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Thesimilarancientstonetoolscollectedfromsomeoftheearliestknownsites,however,showevidenceofbeingusedforcuttingtasks.Forexample,inOldowan,asitedatingbetween3.3millionand1.5millionyearsago,researchersanalyzeduse-wearpatternsonthetoolsandfoundthatsomeoftheflakesshoweddamagealongtheiredges,indicatingthattheyhadbeenusedforcutting.(然而，从一些已知最早的遗址中收集到的类似的古代石器显示出用于切割任务的证据。例如，在奥尔德万，一个可以追溯到大约330万到150万年前的遗址。研究人员分析了这些工具的使用磨损模式，发现一些薄片的边缘有损伤，表明它们曾被用来切割。)”可推断，作者提到奥尔德万遗址是为了提供具体的证据来说明古代石器用于切割任务。故选A。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Despitethefindings,torevealthemechanismfortheemergenceofflaketechnology,researchersstillneedtolearnhowhomininsmadetheleapfromaccidentallyproducingsharpflakestopickingthemupandusingthem.LunczandProffitthopetofindthemissinglinkinfurtherstudies.(尽管有了这些发现，为了揭示薄片技术出现的机制，研究人员仍然需要了解人类是如何从偶然产生尖锐的薄片到捡起并使用它们的。Luncz和Proffitt希望在进一步的研究中找到缺失的环节。)”可知，为了揭示薄片技术背后的机制，研究者们仍然需要了解古人类是如何从意外产生锋利的薄片，到捡起并使用它们的。伦茨和普罗菲特希望在接下来的研究中可以找到缺失的这一环（即原始人是如何开始使用薄片的），故选D。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本篇是一篇科研报告类文章，第一段的“InanewstudypublishedonFridayinScienceAdvances,LydiaLunczandTomosProffitt,bothattheMaxPlanckInstituteforEvolutionaryAnthropologyinLeipzig,Germany,arguethatmistakenlycreatedflakes(薄片)mayhavebeenourancientancestors’orothernow-extinctearlyhumanrelatives“firststeptowardcreatingthesharp-edgedtoolsthattheyusedtobutcheranimalsandcutedibleplants.(在周五发表在《科学进展》上的一项新研究中，德国莱比锡马克斯普朗克进化人类学研究所的LydiaLuncz和TomosProffitt认为，错误地制造出的薄片可能是我们的古代祖先或其他现已灭绝的早期人类亲戚制造出锋利的工具的第一步，他们用来屠宰动物和切割可食用的植物。)”点明了新研究的结果，后文详细描述了研究过程和局限性及等未来研究前景，因此推断B项“薄片技术：从猕猴到人类。”为最佳标题。故选B项。 DMICROSOFTsaysithasusedthenaturallanguageAIChatGPT,createdbythecompanyOpenAI,tocontrolarangeofrobotswithsimpletextcommands.Thechatbotwastrainedonavastamountofdataincludingsourcecode.Ithaspreviouslydemonstratedtheabilitytowritesoftwarebasedontextandeventofixerrorsinexistingcode.MicrosofthasnowusedtheAItotaketextcommandsfromhumansandinterpretthemintocodethatcancontrolrobotsdirectly.Inonetest,ChatGPTwrotecodetoinstructaroboticarmtocreateaMicrosoftlogofromwoodenblocks.Inanother,itsteeredadronetoreachapointwhileavoidingobstacles.Theresearchwasintended”toseeifChatGPTcanthinkbeyondtext,andreasonaboutthephysicalworldtohelpwithroboticstasks“.ChatGPTisn’tindirect,real-timecontroloftherobot,butsimplycreatesthecodethatcontrolsit.MicrosoftsaidinitsblogpostthatChatGPToutputshouldn’tbeapplieddirectlytoarobotwithout”carefulanalysis“,butexpertswarnthatitisriskytoevenbeginthinkingaboutplacingAIincontrolofphysicalmachines.MarkCoeckelberghattheUniversityofVienna,Austria,saysthatregulationsmaybeneededinordertosetoutwhereAIcanbeusedandwhoisresponsibleshouldthingsgowrong.”It’saverydangerousthingtojustsay“let’sgivecontrolofthesecomputerstoAI’,”saysCoeckelbergh.“Theproblemwithcontemporaryartificialintelligenceisthatit’snottransparenttotheuser.That’sahugeproblem.”Otherswerescepticalabouttheabilityoflanguagemodelstoprogramrobotsforcomplextasks.KathleenRichardsonatDeMontfortUniversityLeicester,UK,saysthatAIlanguagemodelsareconvincingmimics(模仿者),butthattheirrealability-includingtheiradaptabilitytocontrolrobots-isoftenexaggerated.“IthinkMicrosoft,andmostpeoplewhodesignrobots,havetoomuchconfidenceinwhattheycando,”shesays.32.Whichfunctiondoesn’tbelongtoChatGPTaccordingtoMICROSOFT?A.Createcode.B.Correctcodeerrors.C.Writesoftware.D.Controlrobotsdirectly.33.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3?A.ExpertsagreethatwecanapplyAItocodeanalysis.B.ExpertswarnagainsttheideaofusingAItocontrolrobots.C.MicrosoftbelievesChatGPToutputshouldbeusedindirectly.D.ChatGPToutputhasbeenwidelyappliedaftercarefulanalysis.34Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exaggerated”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Neglected.B.Simplified.C.Overestimated.D.Praised. 35.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheabilityofChatGPTtocontrolrobots?A.Objective.B.Favorable.C.Critical.D.Indifferent.【答案】32.D33.B34.C35.A【解析】【导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了不同群体对于ChatGPT应用的不同态度及观点。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“Ithaspreviouslydemonstratedtheabilitytowritesoftwarebasedontextandeventofixerrorsinexistingcode.MicrosofthasnowusedtheAItotaketextcommandsfromhumansandinterpretthemintocodethatcancontrolrobotsdirectly(它之前已经展示了基于文本编写软件的能力，甚至可以修复现有代码中的错误。微软现在已经使用人工智能从人类那里获取文本命令，并将其翻译成可以直接控制机器人的代码)”可知，ChatGPT展示了基于文本提示编写软件的能力，可以修复现有代码中的错误，微软现在已经使用人工智能从人类那里获取文本命令，并将其翻译成可以直接控制机器人的代码，说明ChatGPT可以编写代码；也说明ChatGPT是通过代码间接控制机器人，而不是直接控制机器人，故选D项。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段的“MicrosoftsaidinitsblogpostthatChatGPToutputshouldn’tbeapplieddirectlytoarobotwithout“carefulanalysis”,butexpertswarnthatitisriskytoevenbeginthinkingaboutplacingAIincontrolofphysicalmachines.(微软在其博客文章中表示，在没有“仔细分析”的情况下，ChatGPT的输出不应该直接应用于机器人，但专家警告说，甚至开始考虑将人工智能应用于物理机器的控制都是有风险的)”可知，专家反对使用人工智能来控制机器人的想法，故选B项。【34题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段的“AIlanguagemodelsareconvincingmimics(人工智能语言模型是令人信服的模仿者)”及but可知，划线词与前面convincing相反意思，再根据划线词后面IthinkMicrosoft,andmostpeoplewhodesignrobots,havetoomuchconfidenceinwhattheycando（我认为微软和大多数设计机器人的人，都过于相信这些机器人能做的事情）可推断，划线句句意是：它们的真正能力——包括控制机器人的适应性——经常被夸大。故选C项。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“MicrosoftsaidinitsblogpostthatChatGPToutputshouldn’tbeapplieddirectlytoarobotwithout”carefulanalysis“,butexpertswarnthatitisriskytoevenbeginthinkingaboutplacingAIincontrolofphysicalmachines.(微软在其博客文章中表示，在没有“仔细分析”的情况下，ChatGPT 的输出不应该直接应用于机器人，但专家警告说，甚至开始考虑将人工智能应用于物理机器的控制都是有风险的)”，第四段的“MarkCoeckelberghattheUniversityofVienna,Austria,saysthatregulationsmaybeneededinordertosetoutwhereAIcanbeusedandwhoisresponsibleshouldthingsgowrong.(奥地利维也纳大学的MarkCoeckelbergh表示，可能需要制定法规，以便确定人工智能可以在哪里使用，以及如果出现问题谁应该负责)”，最后一段的“KathleenRichardsonatDeMontfortUniversityLeicester,UK,saysthatAIlanguagemodelsareconvincingmimics(模仿者),butthattheirrealability-includingtheiradaptabilitytocontrolrobots-isoftenexaggerated.(英国莱斯特德蒙福特大学的凯瑟琳·理查森说，人工智能语言模型是令人信服的模仿者，但它们的真正能力——包括控制机器人的适应性——往往被夸大了)”可推断作者介绍了微软官方对于ChatGPT操控机器人的言论，客观引用了各界观点，并未发表个人想法，故选A项。第二节:(共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Mostofusassumethosehyper-achieverswhoarealwaysabletosqueezeintheirworkout,eathealthyfoodsandpicktheirkidsupontimemusthavesuperhumanself-control.Butsciencepointstoadifferentanswer:____36____Theonlycatchisthatbuildinggoodhabitstakeseffortandinsight.Thankfully,hereareafewresearch-backedstepsthatcansetyouonthepathtowhereyouwanttobe.1.SetaspecificgoalThewayyoudefinethegoalyouhopetoturnintoahabitdoesmatter.Goalslike“meditateregularly”aretooabstract,researchhasshown.____37____Don’tsay“I’llmeditateregularly.“Say,“I’llmeditatefor15minuteseachday.“Thisisactuallykeytohabitformation,makingthetaskeasytocarryout,butit’softenoverlooked.2.Createadetailed,cue-basedplan____38____Scientistshaveproventhatyou’llmakemoreprogresstowardyourgoalifyoudecidenotjustwhatyou’lldo,butwhenandwhereyou’llbecuedtodoit.Makingthiskindofplanreducesthechancesyou’llforgettofollowthroughbecausethewhenandwhereinyourplanwillserveascuestoaction.Aplanlike“I’llstudySpanishfor30minuteseveryweekday”isOK.Butadetailed,cue-basedplanlike“Everyworkdayaftermylastmeeting,I’llspend30minutesstudyingSpanishinmyoffice”ismorelikelytostickasahabit.3.____39____We’restronglyinfluencedbythebehaviorsofthepeoplearoundus,evidenceshows.Wanttostartrunningregularly?You’reprobablybetteroffjoininganestablishedrunningclubthanaskingafewfriendswhoaren’tyetinthehabitofjoggingtogetinshapewithyou.However,it’simportantnottogettoocrazy-ifyoutrytotrainwithmarathonerswhenyou’rejusthopingtoworkuptoa5K,itcanbediscouraging. 4.MakeitfuntorepeatResearchhasshownyou’llpersistlongerandultimatelyachievemoreifyoufocusonfindingwaystomakegoalpursuitfun.Oneexcellentwayistotry“temptationbundling”.Researchshowsthattemptationbundlingimprovesfollow-through;ittransformsgoalpursuitintoasourceofpleasure,notpain.____40____A.Findtherightkindofsocialsupport.B.Tellyourfriendsandfamilyaboutyourgoals.C.Whatwemistakeforwillpowerisoftenanaturaloutcomeofhabit.D.You’llbenefitfrombeingmorespecificaboutwhatexactlyyouaimtodoandhowoften.E.Havingabite-sizeobjectivemakesitlessdauntingtogetstartedandeasiertoseeyourprogress.F.Nowyouhaveestablishedaspecificgoal,it’stimetothinkaboutwhatwillcueyoutofollowthrough.G.Forexample,watchyourfavoriteshowwhileatthegymorenjoyabelovedpodcastwhilecookinghealthymeals.【答案】36.C37.D38.F39.A40.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了建立好习惯的四个步骤：设定具体目标、制定详细计划、找到合适的团队、让重复变得有趣。【36题详解】根据前文“Mostofusassumethosehyper-achieverswhoarealwaysabletosqueezeintheirworkout,eathealthyfoodsandpicktheirkidsupontimemusthavesuperhumanself-control.(我们大多数人都认为，那些总能挤出时间锻炼、吃健康食品、按时接孩子的超级成功者一定有超人的自制力。)”可知，前文介绍了大多数人的想法——超级成功者有超人的自制力，But表示转折，说明下文与上文观点是不一样的，C项“我们误认为意志力的东西往往是习惯的自然结果。”符合语境，说明科学给出了不同的答案，意志力是习惯养成的结果。故选C。【37题详解】根据本段段旨“Setaspecificgoal.(设定一个明确的目标。)”可知，本段建议设定具体的目标，前文“Goalslike“exerciseregularly”aretooabstract.(像“定期锻炼”这样的目标太抽象了。)”说明目标不要太抽象，而要设定一些具体的目标，因此推断D项“更具体地说明你的目标是什么以及多久做一次，你会从中受益。)符合语境，符合本段主旨：设定具体目标。与前文是转折关系。specific是关键词。故选D。【38题详解】根据本段段旨“Createadetailed,cue-basedplan(创建一个详细的、基于线索的计划)”以及前一段的主旨“Setaspecificgoal.(设定一个明确的目标。)” 可知，本段讲述了在确定目标后，接下来应该如何做。因此推断F项“既然你已经设定了一个具体的目标，那么是时候考虑如何帮助你坚持到底了。”符合语境。故选F。【39题详解】空处为段落标题。根据下文“We’restronglyinfluencedbythebehaviorsofthepeoplearoundus,evidenceshows.Wanttostartrunningregularly?You’reprobablybetteroffjoininganestablishedrunningclubthanaskingafewfriendswhoaren’tyetinthehabitofjoggingtogetinshapewithyou.(有证据表明，我们受到周围人行为的强烈影响。想开始定期跑步吗?你最好加入一个成熟的跑步俱乐部，而不是邀请一些还没有养成慢跑习惯的朋友和你一起健身。)”可推断，本段建议寻求合适的社会支持。A项“寻找适当种类的社会支持”符合题意。故选A。【40题详解】根据段落标题“Makeitfuntorepeat(让重复变得有趣。)”可知，本段讲述重复是可以成为有趣的，前文“Researchhasshownyou’llpersistlongerandultimatelyachievemoreifyoufocusonfindingwaystomakegoalpursuitfun.Oneexcellentwayistotry“temptationbundling”.Researchshowsthattemptationbundlingimprovesfollow-through;ittransformsgoalpursuitintoasourceofpleasure,notpain.(研究表明，如果你专注于寻找让追求目标变得有趣的方法，你会坚持得更久，最终取得更多成就。一个很好的方法是尝试“诱惑捆绑”。研究表明，诱惑捆绑可以提高后续行动；它把追求目标变成了快乐的源泉，而不是痛苦的源泉。)”说明如果把目标变得有趣，就会坚持的更久，目标就会成为快乐地源泉，并提出了“诱惑捆绑”的办法，因此推断G项“例如，在健身房看你最喜欢的节目，或者在做健康的饭菜时享受你喜欢的播客。”符合语境，举例介绍“诱惑捆绑”方法的使用。故选G。第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节:完形填空(共15个小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Tidyingyourdesk,wateringyourplants,foldingclothes-thesehouseholdchoresarehardlytheheightofpleasure.YetIoftenfindmyself____41____theselittletasks.IfI’mstuckinwriter’sblockwithadeadline____42____,I’llhavetoclearupthepapersplacedaroundmyoffice—andit’ssometimesthemost____43____Ifeelallday.I’mnot____44____inthis.Aswefacedthestressesofthepandemic,manypeoplereportedfindingrenewedinterestin____45____theirhomesasawayofcopingwithuncertainty.Psychologistssuggesttherearemanypotentialmechanisms(机制)thatcanexplainthepleasurefromthesetasksandtheirbenefits-thesemaywellencourageyouto____46____theseoddjobsmoreoften. Littlechoresmaybeusefulbecausethey____47____themind,leadingustodevotefewerresourcestothethingsthat____48____us.Evenifwestrugglewithactivitiesthataremeanttohelpusrelax,wemayfindhouseholdtaskscanhelpusappreciatethehereandnow.Butthisdependsonwhereweplaceour____49____.Inoneofthefewstudiestoexaminethementalhealthbenefitsofwashingthedishes,researchersatFloridaStateUniversitydivided51____50____intotwogroups.Halfreadatextthatencouragedthemto____51____focustheirthoughtsontheactivity.“Whilewashingthedishes,oneshouldbecompletely____52____ofthefactthatoneiswashingthedishes,”theyweretold.Therestreadfactualinstructionsonhowtodowashingupwithoutbeingencouragedtofocustheirawarenessontheactivity.Afterwards,theparticipantswereaskedtotakeaquestionnaireabouttheir____53____.Thosewhohadfullyengagedwiththeexperiencereportedasignificantlybettermood.Thisincluded____54____nervousnessandevenasenseof“inspiration”,asifthesimpleactivityhad____55____theirminds.41.A.ignoringB.enjoyingC.avoidingD.simplifying42.A.agreedB.establishedC.passingD.approaching43.A.relaxedB.boredC.worriedD.annoyed44.A.confidentB.fitC.aloneD.stuck45.A.openingupB.settingupC.returningtoD.lookingafter46.A.dealwithB.giveupC.learnaboutD.engagein47.A.occupyB.broadenC.motivateD.challenge48.A.interestB.botherC.delightD.surprise49.A.focusB.hopeC.emphasisD.happiness50.A.dishesB.householdsC.participantsD.tasks51.A.entirelyB.quicklyC.mainlyD.initially52.A.sureB.proudC.gladD.aware53.A.interestsB.abilitiesC.feelingsD.habits54.A.continuedB.increasedC.unexplainedD.reduced55.A.slippedB.refreshedC.developedD.exhausted【答案】41.B42.D43.A44.C45.D46.D47.A48.B49.A50.C51.A52.D53.C54.D55.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是整理办公桌、浇花、叠衣服这些家务事对改善人的情绪有益。【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我经常发现自己很享受这些小任务。A.ignoring忽视；B.enjoying享受；C.avoiding避免；D.simplifying简化。根据上文“thesehouseholdchoresarehardlytheheightofpleasure”和yet表转折可知，作者自己是很享受家务的。故选B。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果截稿日期临近，我陷入了写作的瓶颈，我就不得不清理办公室周围的文件——有时这是我一天中最放松的时候。A.agreed同意；B.established建立；C.passing经过；D.approaching临近。根据上文“stuckinwriter’sblockwithadeadline”可知，此处表示截稿日期临近。故选D。【43题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果截稿日期临近，我陷入了写作的瓶颈，我就不得不清理办公室周围的文件——有时这是我一天中最放松的时候。A.relaxed放松的；B.bored感到无聊的；C.worried担心的；D.annoyed生气的。根据上文“YetIoftenfindmyself____1____theselittletasks.”可知，当截稿日期临近时，作者觉得清理办公室周围的文件可以让作者放松，所以作者是喜欢做些这种清理东西的小任务的，故选A。【44题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我并不是一个人。A.confident自信的；B.fit适合的；C.alone独自一人的；D.stuck卡住的。根据下文“Aswefacedthestressesofthepandemic,manypeoplereportedfindingrenewedinterestin____5____theirhomesasawayofcopingwithuncertainty”可知，作者并不是靠做些小任务来放松的唯一的人，也就是作者并不是一个人。故选C。【45题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我们面临大流行的压力时，许多人报告说，他们对照顾自己的家重新产生了兴趣，以此作为应对不确定性的一种方式。A.openingup打开；B.settingup建立；C.returningto回到；D.lookingafter照顾。根据第一段的“Tidyingyourdesk,wateringyourplants,foldingclothes-thesehouseholdchores”和空后的“theirhomes”可知，此处是指人们通过做些家务来照顾自己的家。故选D。【46题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：心理学家认为，有许多潜在的机制可以解释从这些任务中获得的乐趣和好处——这些机制很可能会鼓励你更频繁地从事这些零散的工作。A.dealwith处理；B.giveup放弃；C.learnabout了解；D.engagein参与。根据上文“Psychologistssuggesttherearemanypotentialmechanisms(机制)thatcanexplainthepleasurefromthesetasksandtheirbenefits”，空前的“encourage”和空后的“theseoddjobsmoreoften”可知，做这样的任务很可能会鼓励你更频繁地从事这些零散的工作。故选D。【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：小杂务可能是有用的，因为它们占据了我们的思想，使我们把更少的资源投入到困扰我们的事情上。A.occupy占据；B.broaden加宽；C.motivate激励；D.challenge挑战。根据下文“leadingustodevotefewerresourcestothethingsthat____8____us”可知，一些小杂务会占据我们的思想。故选A。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：小杂务可能是有用的，因为它们占据了我们的思想，使我们把更少的资源投入到困扰我们的事情上。A.interest使感兴趣；B.bother打扰，烦扰；C.delight使高兴；D.surprise使惊讶。根据上文“leadingustodevotefewerresourcestothethings”可知，当我们做一些占据我们思想的小杂务时，我们会把更少的资源投入到困扰我们的事情上，空格处意为“打扰，烦扰”。故选B。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这取决于我们把重点放在哪里。A.focus重点；B.hope希望；C.emphasis重要性；D.happiness高兴。根据下文“Halfreadatextthatencouragedthemto____11____focustheirthoughtsontheactivity”可知，接下来的实验要说明人们把重点摆放的地方和杂务对他们的影响的关系，因此此处表示“这取决于我们把重点放在哪里”。故选A。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在为数不多的几项调查洗碗对心理健康益处的研究中，佛罗里达州立大学的研究人员将51名参与者分为两组。A.dishes菜；B.households家庭；C.participants参与者；D.tasks任务。根据下文“Halfreadatext”和“Therestreadfactualinstructions”可知，在研究中，研究人员把51名参与者分为两组。故选C。【51题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：其中一半人读了一篇鼓励他们把注意力完全集中在活动上的文章。A.entirely完全地；B.quickly快速地；C.mainly主要地；D.initially最初。根据下文“oneshouldbecompletely____12____ofthefactthatoneiswashingthedishes”可知，此处表示“其中一半人读了一篇鼓励他们把注意力完全集中在活动上的文章”。故选A。【52题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们被告知：“在洗碗的时候，人们应该完全意识到自己在洗碗。”A.sure肯定的；B.proud骄傲的；C.glad高兴的；D.aware意识到的。根据上文“Halfreadatextthatencouragedthemto____11____focustheirthoughtsontheactivity”可知，此处表示人们要完全意识到自己在洗碗。故选D。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：之后，参与者被要求填写一份关于他们感受的问卷。A.interests兴趣；B. abilities能力；C.feelings感觉；D.habits习惯。根据下文“Thosewhohadfullyengagedwiththeexperiencereportedasignificantlybettermood.Thisincluded____14____nervousnessandevenasenseof“inspiration””可知，参与者被要求填写一份关于他们感受的问卷。故选C。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这包括减少紧张，甚至有一种“灵感”的感觉，就好像这个简单的活动让他们的头脑焕然一新。A.continued持续的；B.increased增强的；C.unexplained未解释的；D.reduced减少的。根据上文“bettermood”可知，参与者的情绪更好了，所以是紧张减少了。故选D。【55题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这包括减少紧张，甚至有一种“灵感”的感觉，就好像这个简单的活动让他们的头脑焕然一新。A.slipped滑倒；B.refreshed刷新；C.developed发展；D.exhausted使精疲力尽。根据上文“evenasenseof“inspiration””可知，他们好像觉得获得了灵感，也就是说好像这些活动使他们头脑焕然一新，因此空格处是refreshed。故选B。第Ⅱ卷(非选择题部分)第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第二节:(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。TheConfucianAnalectsorTheAnalects(论语)isacollectionofthesayingsandteachingsofConfuciusandhisdisciples(门徒).It____56____(compile)intheearlyWarringStatesPeriod,over70yearsafterthedeathofConfucius,fromthenotesthathisdisciplestookaccordingtotheanswers____57____theirquestions.Thepresent-dayAnalectsisbasedontheLuversioncompiledduringtheHanDynastyandembodies,____58____Confucianconceptofrenorhumanityorbenevolence.Renisrichincontent,andvariedinform.Thecoreoftheconceptis“Thebenevolentloveofothers”oruniversallove,____59____isthebasicvirtueofagentlemanofnoblecharacter.Confuciusbelievesthatbeingbenevolentdoesnotmean____60____(be)withoutprinciples.Oneshouldbeclearaboutwhat____61____(love)orhate.Rencomesfromlearningandself-cultivation:itcanbeseenfromaperson’sappearance.Tobesure,liorritesandyueormusicareimportant.____62____,renistheNo.1principleofbeingadecentman.Itisactuallytheessenceofliandyue.Withoutren,lioryuewouldbe____63____(meaning).Apartfromren,Confuciusputforwardanotherconcept,whichisyiorrighteousness.Yiisthecodesofconductunderthe____64____(guide)ofren.“Thevirtuousmancherishesarespectforthelaw,_____65_____thevile(邪恶的)mancherishesgeneroustreatment.” 【答案】56.wascompiled57.to58.the59.which60.being61.tolove62.However/Yet63.meaningless64.guidance65.while【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了《论语》的核心理念。【56题详解】考查时态语态。句意：它是在战国早期，孔子死后70多年，他的弟子根据他们的问题的答案所做的笔记汇编而成的。It指代上文提到的“TheAnalects”，与谓语动词compile是被动关系，讲述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，且主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故填wascompiled。【57题详解】考查介词。句意同上。answerto…“……的答案”是固定用法，故填to。【58题详解】考查冠词。句意：今天的《论语》是根据汉代编纂的鲁本改编而成，体现了儒家的仁或人性或仁慈的概念。此处特指“儒家的“仁”或“人性”或“仁慈”的概念”，用定冠词修饰，故填the。【59题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这一理念的核心是“仁者见仁”或“博爱”，这是高尚君子的基本美德。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句，从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句，故填which。【60题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：孔子认为，仁不等于无原则。meandoingsth.“意味着做某事”，用动名词作宾语，故填being。being。【61题详解】考查不定式。句意：一个人应该清楚地知道爱什么或恨什么。分析句子可知此处为“疑问词+不定式”作介词about的宾语，故填tolove。【62题详解】 考查副词。句意：当然礼和乐是很重要的。然而，仁是做人的第一原则。前后文是转折关系，有逗号和主句隔开用副词however或者yet。故填However/Yet。【63题详解】考查形容词。句意：没有“仁”，“礼”或“乐”就没有意义了。Be动词后接形容词作表语，根据句意，故填meaningless。【64题详解】考查名词。句意：“礼”是“仁”指导下的行为准则。空处填名词作介词under的宾语，guidance“行为准则”，不可数名词，故填guidance。【65题详解】考查连词。句意：有德的人看重律法，然而恶人看重厚待。分析句子可知，空处需填连词while，表示对比，故填while。第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节:应用文写作(满分15分)66.假定你是校学生会主席李华,你校将于下周开展以“LaboristheMostBeautiful”为主题的劳动周活动，请你以学生会的名义发起倡议，内容包括：1.学生目前对劳动的态度;2.劳动的意义：3.呼吁参加。注意:1.词数80左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dearfellowstudents,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TheStudentUnion【答案】Onepossibleversion:Dearfellowstudents,Currently,laboreducationhasbeenincreasinglyattachedgreatimportanceto,butsomestudentsjustburythemselvesinbooks,believingthatlaborisawasteoftime.However,itisnecessaryforustodoit.Actually,timespentlaboringisrewarding.Itcanpromoteourpracticalskills,strongwill,unityandcooperation.Meanwhile,wewillalsobegiventhepreciouschancestocontributeourshareandrewardedwithaspiritualfulfillment. Therefore,activelyengageinlaborandtakeourobligationbothathomeandatschool.Itwillturnouttobeverybeneficialandessential.TheStudentUnion【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是校学生会主席李华，你校将于下周开展以“LaboristheMostBeautiful”为主题的劳动周活动，请你以学生会的名义发起倡议，内容包括：1.学生目前对劳动的态度；2.劳动的意义；3.呼吁参加。【详解】1.词汇积累重要性：importance→significance然而：however→nevertheless实际上：Actually→Infact机会：chance→opportunity2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：Actually,timespentlaboringisrewarding.Itcanpromoteourpracticalskills,strongwill,unityandcooperation.拓展句：Actually,timespentlaboringisrewarding,whichcanpromoteourpracticalskills,strongwill,unityandcooperation.【点睛】【高分句型1】Currently,laboreducationhasbeenincreasinglyattachedgreatimportanceto,butsomestudentsjustburythemselvesinbooks,believingthatlaborisawasteoftime.（运用了but连接并列句和现在分词作状语）【高分句型2】Meanwhile,wewillalsobegiventhepreciouschancestocontributeourshareandrewardedwithaspiritualfulfillment.（运用了不定式作定语）第二节：读后续写(满分25分)67.阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。AFour-leggedGuardianAngelSnowhadjustmeltedoffthegroundthatAprildayatourhouseinReginaBeach,Saskatchewan.Ihadjustcleanedupthepoolinpreparationforsellingthehouse.Theyearbefore,Ihadlostmyjobwiththeprovincialgovernment,andnowourfinancialsituationwasgrim.Indespair,Ihadfinallyputthehomeonthemarket,andarealestateagentwasduetoshowuplaterthatday.Evenworse,IwouldhavetogiveupmybelovedGreatDane(大丹犬),Brigitte,becauseIcouldnolongeraffordthecostoffeedingit.Thethoughtoflosingthedogandour beautifulhomewasalmostmorethanIcouldbear.Deepindespair,Isattypingupresumesandcoverletters.OutofthecornerofmyeyeIcouldseemythirteen-month-oldson,Forrest,ashelayonthecarpet,playingnearourbig,gentlenanny-dog,Brigitte.ItseemedasifBrigittewasalwaysmeanttobeinthisfamilyandsheturnedouttobeaperfectcompanion.BrigittecametoourhouseonChristmasevewhenthedoorbellrangandIwassuresomeofmyChristmaspackageshadarrived.Irantothedoorandswungitopen,butnoonewasthere.Isensedsomethingandlookeddown,onlytofindabeautifulGreatDanesittingthere,lookingupatmewithbig,intelligenteyes.Therewasnowaythatshecouldhaverungthedoorbellbyherself,wasthere?Perhaps,someonehadfoundthepuppysomewhereandleftherthere,andthenrangthedoorbellandranaway.TheyaccuratelyguessedIwouldwelcomeanadditionalfamilymemberandtakecareofher.Thinkingofthese,Icouldn’thelpheavingasighandwentstraightbacktowork.However,Ihadn’ttypedmorethantwosentenceswhenBrigittebeganbarkingfuriouslyandrunningbackandforthtotheslidingglassdooroverlookingourpool.Iracedtoseewhatwashappeningandnoticedthattheslidingdoorwasslightlyopen.Suddenly,IrealizedForrestwasnowheretobeseen.Inpanic,Iopenedthedoorandranoutside.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。ThereIwassurprisedtoseeBrigitte,whowasterrifiedofwater,diveintothepool._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Finally,thedoctorsaidForrestwasallrightandcouldbereleasedfromhospital._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:ThereIwassurprisedtoseeBrigitte,whowasterrifiedofwater,diveintothepool.Thentomyhorror,I caughtsightofForrest’syellowsleeper.Brigittewasbravelydoingherbesttokeephimafloatbyholdingontohissleeperwithhermouth.Atthesametime,shewasdesperatelytryingtoswimtotheshallowend.OnlythendidIrealizethatForresthadsomehowopenedthedoor,wanderedoutandfallenintothepool.Inasplitsecond,Idovein,liftedmypreciousbabyoutandcarriedhiminside.Handsshaking,Icalled911andwewererushedtothehospitalimmediately,wherethedoctorkepthimforobservationforonenight.Finally,thedoctorsaidForrestwasallrightandcouldbereleasedfromhospital.Backhome,onceBrigittesawhim,shebarkedwithapparentjoyandwouldn’tletForrestoutofhersight.Intimeshesettleddown,butremaineddedicatedtoForrestandfollowedhimeverywhere,concernedabouthissafety.EvenwhenForrestwasasleep,Brigittecrammedherselfunderthecrib,keepingavigil.Ourdogwasindeedanangel,erasinganydespairImighthavehadaboutlosingourhome.Ahousecouldalwaysbereplaced,butknowingwehadeachotheraroundwasthegreatestblessingofall.Iwasgratefulshewaspartofourlives,whoIwouldnevergiveup.【解析】【导语】本文以故事为线索展开，讲述了作者失业后经济紧张，不得不卖掉房子并放弃爱犬，绝望之中作者一边打简历和求职信一边从眼角余光看着13个月大的儿子和温柔的大狗布丽吉特玩耍，后来孩子不慎掉进了水里，爱犬把孩子救了的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“在那里，我惊讶地看到害怕水的布丽吉特跳进了游泳池。”可知，第一段可描写Forrest掉进水里，布丽吉特跳进水里救起了他，以及作者的感受并赶紧把儿子送去了医院。②由第二段首句内容“最后，医生说福雷斯特没事，可以出院了。”可知，第二段可描写回家后狗和作者的儿子友好相处的场景以及作者的感受并决定不会放弃布丽吉特。2.续写线索：儿子掉进水里—狗救了孩子—送去医院—狗和孩子友好相处—决定不放弃狗3.词汇激活行为类看见：catchsightof/clapeyeson竭尽全力：doone’sbest/tryone’sbest意识到：realize/beaware情绪类恐惧的：toone’shorror/toone’sfright感激：begrateful/bethankful/beappreciative【点睛】【高分句型1】OnlythendidIrealizethatForresthadsomehowopenedthedoor,wanderedoutandfallenintothepool.（运用了了倒装句和that引导宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Handsshaking,Icalled911andwewererushedtothehospitalimmediately,wherethedoctorkepthimforobservationforonenight.（运用了独立主格结构，where引导定语从句）