浙江省名校新高考研究联盟Z20联盟2023届高三英语三模试题（Word版附解析）

Z20名校联盟(浙江省名校新高考研究联盟)2023届高三第三次联考英语试题卷考生须知：1.本试卷分第1卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)。满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。2.请用黑色签字笔将学校、班级、姓名、考号分别填写在答题卷和机读卡的相应位置上。第I卷第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节：(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?A.Parkingthecar.B.Movingsomefurniture.C.WatchingTVonthesofa.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:NowthatwehavethesofaandtheTVinhere,Ijustneedyoutohelpmewiththebed.Mycarisparkedjustoutsideonthestreet.M:Noproblem.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wherearethespeakers?A.Atarestaurant.B.Atatheater.C.Atastore.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Iamsorrytokeepyouwaiting.Willwebelateforthemovie?M:Oh,notatall.I’vebeenhereforonlyafewminutes.Wehaveenoughtimefordinner.Hereisthemenu.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howmuchdoesthetelevisionsetcosttoday?A.$100.B.$150.C.$200. 【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Whyareyousoexcited?M:Iamgoingtobuyanewtelevisionset.Theynormallycost300dollars,buttoday,theyareonsalefortwothirdsoftheregularprice.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whyaretheman’seyesred?A.Heissick.B.Hedidn’tgetmuchsleep.C.Hehasterribleeyeproblems.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Wow,Brian.Youlooklikeyouhadaterriblesleeplastnight.Youreyesareallred.M:Isleptwell,butIwokeupwithasorethroatandacough.Couldyoupassmeaglassofwater?5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whendidthewomanexpectthepackagetoarrive?A.Yesterday.B.Today.C.Tomorrow.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Wasthatthemailmanatthedoor?M:Yes,here’sapackageforyou.Hesaidhetriedtodeliverityesterday.W:Oh!Iwasn’texpectingituntiltomorrow.第二节：(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whyisn’tthegirlallowedtogoout?A.Shedidn’tdoherschoolwork.BShedidn’tdoherhousework.C.Shearguedwithherparents. 7.Howdidthegirlfeelaboutherpunishment?A.Shethoughtitwasfair.B.Shewassurprisedbyit.C.Shefeltangryaboutit.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】M:Hey,Jen,doyouwanttogooutandgetsomeicecreamtonight?W:Myparentswon’tletmegoouttonightIhavetodomychoresinstead.M:That’ssurprising.Whathappened?Ican’timagineyoumakingyourparentsangry.W:It’smyfault.Iwassupposedtocleanmybathroomandmybedroomlastweekend.WhenmyparentssawIstillhadn’tdoneit,theytoldmeIcouldn’tgoouttonight.Itotallydeservedit.M:So,whatdidyoudowhentheygaveyouthebadnews?W:Iapologizedandhandledmyresponsibilities.There’snopointarguingwhenyouknowyou’rewrong.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.HowdothespeakersknowGregParsons?A.Heusedtobetheirteacher.B.Heusedtobeafamousathlete.C.Heusedtoownabusinessintown.9.WhatwasthewomandoingwhenshesawBrianSheldontheotherday?A.Waitinginline.B.Drinkingcoffee.C.WatchingTV.10.Wherewillthespeakersgonext?A.Agrocerystore.B.Arestaurant.C.Astadium.【答案】8.C9.A10.B【解析】【原文】M:HeySherry,comeandtakealookatthis.Isn’tthatGregParsons?W:IsthattheguythatusedtosubstituteforMrs.Hayworth’smathclass?M:No.GregwastheguywhousedtoownthatItalianrestaurantweusedtogoto.W:You’reright.Andnowhe’sgothisownshowontheCookingNetwork.That’samazing.M:That’sthesecondpersonfromourtownthathasbecomefamous.RememberBrianSheldon?Iusedtoplaysoccerwithhim,andnowheplaysprofessionally.W:Iremember.IactuallysawhimtheotherdaywhenIwaswaitinginlineatStarbucks.Hestilllivesaroundhere. M:Yeah,Iknow.Hehasthatbighouseonthehillintherichneighborhood.W:Peoplelikethatalwaysdo,don’tthey?Anyway,seeingallthisfoodismakingmehungry.Shouldwegogetsomethingtoeat?M:Sure.HowaboutthatItalianplacearoundthecorner?W:That’sexactlywhatIwasthinking.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Friends.C.Auntandnephew.12.Whydidthewomanvisittheman’shouse?A.Tohaveaglassofwine.B.Topickhimupbeforedinner.C.Tocongratulatehimonhisnewhome.13.Whycan’tMarciashowuptonight?ASheisn’tfeelingwell.B.Sheneedstofinishareport.C.Shehasameetingwithherboss.【答案】11.B12.C13.A【解析】【原文】M:Hi,comeonin.CanItakeyourcoat?W:Sure,thanks.Ibroughtyouabottleofwine.M:Thanks!You’rethefirstoneofallourfriendstoarrive.I’lljustputyourcoataway.W:Thisisaveryniceplace.Congratulations!Howlonghaveyoubeenlivingherenow?M:Justoverthreeweeks.Wouldyoulikeadrink?W:Sure,whatdoyouhave?M:I’vegotwhitewine,redwine,lemonade,orangejuice,andSprite.W:I’llhaveaglassofredwineplease.M:Oneglassofredwinecomingup!W:So,howmanypeoplearecomingfordinnertonight?M:Therearejustgoingtobesixofus. W:Oh,Ithoughtthereweregoingtobeeight.M:MarciaandPaulcalledtocancelatthelastminute.Paulhastoworkverylateathisoffice.Hehastofinishareporthisbossaskedhimtodo.AndMarciahasabadheadache.W:That’stoobad.They’resuchgoodcompany.M:Oh,Ithinkthere’ssomeoneatthedoor.ExcusemewhileIgoandgetit...听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whendidthemangetthetickets?A.OnMonday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSunday.15.Howdoesthewomanfeelwhenthegamesareclose?A.Excited.B.Sad.C.Pressured.16.Whichteamarethespeakerscheeringfor?A.Spain.B.Russia.C.Switzerland.【答案】14.A15.C16.A【解析】【原文】M:Ifinallygotticketstothematch!W:That’sgreat!Wecameallthewaydowntown,andwealmostmissedit.Howdidyoumanagetogetthem?M:Oh,IwasstandinginlineallMondaymorning.Igotthelasttwotickets.Thepeoplebehindmeweresosad.They’regoingtohavetolistentothematchontheradio.W:Ifeelsorryforthem.Manypeoplehavetraveledalongwayjustlikeus.Theywanttoseetheteamsthatmadeittothenextlevel.ButI’msoexcitedwe’llseeit!Whichdayisit?M:It’sonFridayafternoon.W:Whowillwebeplaying?Russia?M:We’llbeagainsttheteamthatwinsinGroupD.Ithinkit’llbeSwitzerland.W:Oh,IhopeSpainwins!ButIdon’twantittobeaclosegame,either.M:Whyisthat?W:Forfanslikeus,thereissomuchpressurewhenthegamesareclose!M:Well,thereisalotmorepressureontheplayers!Besides,therehavebeenmanyclosegamessofar.ThereweretwolikethatonSunday.W:Iknowit’scommon,butI’dstillfeelbetterifSpainwonbytwoorthreegoals!M:IsupposeIagreewithyou.Oh,thisisgoingtobesoexciting! 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WhatTVchannelisJimmyKimmelLiveon?A.NBC.B.TBS.C.ABC.18.WhendidJimmyKimmelbecomeespeciallyfamous?A.AfterhehostedtheOscars.B.AfterDonaldTrumpbecamepresident.C.Whenhecriedathisshowforthefirsttime.19.Ontalkshows,whatusuallycomesrightaftertheopeningspeech?A.Aninterview.B.Amusicalperformance.C.Acomedyperformance.20.WhatdidJimmyKimmeldobeforehostingJimmyKimmelLive?A.Hetaughtinadramaschool.B.Heworkedataradiostation.C.HewenttoschoolinLosAngeles.【答案】17.C18.B19.C20.B【解析】【原文】JimmyKimmelLiveisanAmericanlate-nighttalkshow.ItcanbeseenfivenightsaweekontheABCchannel.There’resomeothernightlytalkshowsthatareverypopularatthemoment,forexample,NBC’sTheTonightShowStarringJimmyFallonandConanontheTBSnetwork.Thehostsofthoseshowsaresomeofthemostfamousfiguresinshowbusiness.However,Kimmelhasbeenknowntostartcryingontheshowwhenhetalksaboutwhathecaresabout,andhehasbecomeespeciallyfamousafterDonaldTrumpbecamepresident.Alllate-nighttalkshowstendtofollowthesametiming:thereisanopeningspeechbythehost,followedbyaspecialcomedyperformancedonewithapartner.Thenthereisaseriesofinterviewswithotherfamouspeople,andamusicalperformancecomesattheend.KimmelhasbeensosuccessfulathisshowthathewasaskedtohosttheOscarsforthelasttwoyears.Inhisearlycareer,KimmelworkedataradiostationinLosAngeles,whichhelpedhimpracticehiscomedy.JimmyKimmelLive!isoneoftheonlyshowsinAmericathatarelovedbybothyoungpeopleandoldergenerations.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节：(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AInspiredbyhismentorLouisSullivan,aninfluentialfigureintheworldofmodernistarchitecture,Frank LloydWrightcoinedtheterm‘organicarchitecture’around1908.Ratherthanimitatingnatureororganicelementswithinthenaturalworldorganicarchitectureismoreconcernedwithre-interpretationofnatureandharmonybetweentheorganicandthebuiltenvironment.Itensuresthattheindividualelementswithinbuildingsareputtogethertoreflecttheorderwithinnature.Hereare4ofthemoststrikingexamples.CasaMilàLocation:Barcelona,SpainYearofcompletion:1910Architect:AntoniGaudiConsideredthegreatestexponentofCatalanModernism,AntoniGaudiwasdevotedtonatureandtheCatholicreligion.Whileheoriginallyintendedthisorganicbuildingtohaveareligiouspurpose,itisnowanapartmentbuilding.Truetotheorganicstyle,itfeatureshoneyshapesthatseeminglyemergefromtheearth.LearningHubatNanyangTechnologicalUniversity(NTU)Location:SingaporeYearofcompletion:2015Architect:ThomasHeatherwickEarningthenicknames‘dimsumbasketbuilding’and‘theHive’,theLearningHubconsistsof12eight-storeytowersarrangedaroundapublicatrium.Theorganicnatureofthebuildingextendstoitsinteriorwithfeatureslikegardensthatareintendedtoencouragesocialinteractionsandstudyamongstudents.FallingWaterLocation:MillRun,PennsylvaniaYearofcompletion:1939Architect:FrankLloydWrightAclassicofmodernismandorganicarchitecture,FallingWatersitsontopofawaterfall.FrankLloydWrightdesigneditfortheKaufmannfamilywho-thoughtheyhadoriginallyhopedforaviewofthewaterfall-cametolovethehome.EastBeachCaféLocation:Littlehampton,UKYearofcompletion:2007Architect:ThomasHeatherwick Locatedinaseasideareawithanindustrialhistory,EastBeachCaferesembles(像)apieceofdriftwood.Fortymeterslong,sevenmeterswideandfivemetershigh,itinitiallypolarisedlocals,buthassincebeenwell-receivedbythewholecommunity.ItwasthefirstbuildingforThomasHeatherwickwhopreviouslywasbetterknownasasculptor.21.Whichbuildinghasthelongesthistory?A.CasaMilà.B.LearningHubatNTU.C.FallingWater.D.EastBeachCafe.22.WhatcanwelearnaboutEastBeachCafé?A.Itremainsfloatingonthesea.B.Itservestoencouragesocialinteractions.C.Itwasnotacceptedbyallthelocalsinitially.D.Itwasoriginallyintendedforaparticularfamily.23.Whichofthefollowingmagazinesisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.NaturalWorldB.ArchitecturalDigestC.OrganicGardeningD.ExtraordinaryFigures【答案】21.A22.C23.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四座建筑的情况。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，CasaMilà完成于1910年；LearningHubatNanyangTechnologicalUniversity(NTU)完成于2015年；FallingWater完成于1939年；EastBeachCafé完成于2007年。故CasaMilà的历史最悠久。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据EastBeachCafé部分中“Fortymeterslong,sevenmeterswideandfivemetershigh,itinitiallypolarisedlocals,buthassincebeenwell-receivedbythewholecommunity.(它长40米，宽7米，高5米，最初引起了当地人的两极分化，但后来得到了整个社区的好评)”可知，起初并不是所有的当地人都接受EastBeachCafé。故选C。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Ratherthanimitatingnatureororganicelementswithinthenaturalworld,organicarchitectureismoreconcernedwithre-interpretationofnatureandharmonybetweentheorganicandthebuiltenvironment.Itensuresthattheindividualelementswithinbuildingsareputtogethertoreflecttheorderwithinnature.Hereare4ofthemoststrikingexamples.(有机建筑不是模仿自然或自然界中的有机元素，而是更关注对自然的重新诠释，以及有机环境与建筑环境之间的和谐。它确保了建筑内部的单个元素被组合在一起，以反映自然的秩序。以下是四个最引人注目的例子)”结合文章主要介绍了四座建筑的情况。可推知，“建 筑文摘”可能是本文的来源。故选B。BAsachild,Iwasproudofmysouthernorigin.Myownvoicereflectedmyfamily’spastandpresent-partnorthernMississippi,partTennessee,allsouthern.TherewasnosoundIlovedmorethanmygrandmother’saccent:thick,sweet,warm.Whilegrowingup,Ibegantorealizeoutsideofourregion,southernerswereoftendismissedasunculturedandignorant.IwasreadytoleavebehindmytinytowninWestTennessee,startinganewlifeandjumpingatbigchancesinsomefar-offcities.Inthatembarrassingspacebetween“teen”and“adult”,myaccentwasasymbolofeverythingIthoughtIhatedaboutmylifeintheruralSouth.Ifeareditwoulddisqualifymefrombeinganotedmagazinewriter.Iwouldhavetotalkless“country”.SoIkilledapieceofmyself.I’mashamedofit,butI’mmoreashamedthatItriedtokillthatpartofsomeoneelse-changeEmily’saccent.ImetEmilyincollege.Shewasdeterminedtoworkforthestudentnewspaper,whichwaswhereIspentmostofmywakinghours,andwebecamefriends.She,unlikeme,acceptedherroots.Earlyinourfriendship,hermotheraskedwhereIwasfrom,assumingitwassomewhereupnorth.ThenIfeltmyeffortspaidoffandevenwantedtoignorethemistake.Emilyistwoyearsyoungerandshecaredaboutmyopinion.IadvisedhertobemorelikemeandhidehersignatureManchesteraccent.Istressedthatthroughoutourcollegeyears,oftenbymakingfunofhervowel(元音)sounds.ItoldmyselfIwashelpingherachieveherdreamofworkingasareporter.Now,Iseethatitwasactuallyaboutjustifyingmyhidingpartofmyself.GrandmaCarolynusedtotellme,“Girl,don’tforgetwhereyoucomefrom.”NowItrulyunderstandthat.Manythingshavefadedfrommemory,butthissticksinmymindwithuncomfortableclarity.NowthatIamgrownandhavelefttheSouth,it’simportanttome.24.Whatmadetheauthorwanttoleaveherhometown?A.Appealofconvenienceincities.B.Herdreamofbecomingawriter.C.Outsideprejudiceagainstsoutherners.D.Herdesireforthenorthernaccent.25.HowdidtheauthorfeelaboutthemistakeofEmily’smother?A.Upset.B.Pleased.C.Ashamed.D.Surprised.26.WhyonearthdidtheauthortrytochangeEmily’saccent?A.Toproveherselfright.B.TohelpEmilybeareporter. C.Tomakeherselfinfluential.D.ToprotectEmily’sself-dignity.27.Whatmessagedoesthetextwanttoconvey?A.Staytruetoyourroots.B.Neverdothingsbyhalves.C.Holdontoyourdreams.D.Neverjudgeapersonbyhisaccent.【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者因为别人的偏见以及追求更好的生活改变自己的口音，但后来才意识到这样做抹杀了自己身份的一部分，也明白了要坚守本根。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Whilegrowingup,Ibegantorealizeoutsideofourregion,southernerswereoftendismissedasunculturedandignorant.IwasreadytoleavebehindmytinytowninWestTennessee,startinganewlifeandjumpingatbigchancesinsomefar-offcities.(在成长过程中，我开始意识到，在我们的地区之外，南方人经常被认为是没有文化和无知的。我准备离开我在西田纳西州的小镇，开始新的生活，并在一些遥远的城市抓住大好机会)”可知，作者决定离开南部的家乡是因为其他人认为南方人没文化、无知，即外部对南方人的偏见。故选C。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Earlyinourfriendship,hermotheraskedwhereIwasfrom,assumingitwassomewhereupnorth.ThenIfeltmyeffortspaidoffandevenwantedtoignorethemistake.(在我们的友谊之初，她妈妈问我来自哪里，以为是北方的某个地方。然后我觉得我的努力得到了回报，甚至想忽略这个错误)”推知，当被Emily的妈妈误会来自北方时，作者是非常开心的。故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Ifeareditwoulddisqualifymefrombeinganotedmagazinewriter.Iwouldhavetotalkless“country”.SoIkilledapieceofmyself.(我担心这会使我失去成为著名杂志作家的资格。我就得少说些“乡村”了。所以我抹杀了自己身份的一部分)”，第三段的“Shewasdeterminedtoworkforthestudentnewspaper,whichwaswhereIspentmostofmywakinghours(她决心为校报工作，而我醒着的大部分时间都在那里度过的)”以及倒数第二段的“IadvisedhertobemorelikemeandhidehersignatureManchesteraccent.Istressedthatthroughoutourcollegeyears,oftenbymakingfunofhervowel(元音)sounds.ItoldmyselfIwashelpingherachieveherdreamofworkingasareporter.(我建议她更像我，隐藏她标志性的曼彻斯特口音。在我们的大学生活中，我经常通过取笑她的元音来强调这一点。我告诉自己，我是在帮她实现当记者的梦想)”可知，作者通过改变自己的口音获得了在校报工作的机会。由此推知，作者努力改变Emily的口音是为了证明自己是对的，即改变南方口音就有可能获得好工作。故选A。 【27题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，并结合第二段的“I’mashamedofit,butI’mmoreashamedthatItriedtokillthatpartofsomeoneelse-changeEmily’saccent.(我很惭愧，但我更惭愧的是我试图抹杀别人的那部分——改变艾米丽的口音)”和最后一段“GrandmaCarolynusedtotellme,“Girl,don’tforgetwhereyoucomefrom.”NowItrulyunderstandthat.Manythingshavefadedfrommemory,butthissticksinmymindwithuncomfortableclarity.(卡罗琳奶奶过去常对我说：“女孩，别忘了你来自哪里。”现在我真的明白了。许多事情已经从记忆中消失了，但这件事却以令人不安的清晰印象留在了我的脑海中)”可知，文章想要传达的信息是：坚守本根。故选A。CInherbookTheLife-ChangingMagicofTidyingUp,MarieKondomakesthecasethatdecluttering(清理杂物)candramaticallytransformyourlife.Riddingyourspacesofunusedandunwantedstuffcanmakeyouhappier,moreconfidentandmaybeevenslimmer.Judgingbythepopularityofhermessageandmethod,Kondo’sphilosophysatisfiesmanypeople’sneed.Yettheevidencebackingthebenefitsofdeclutteringismixed.One2013studyfoundthatorderlyspacespromotehealthychoicesbutalsoconventionalthinking,whileworkinginamessyordisorganizedspacepromotescreativityandnewideas.Einstein,famously,hadaveryuntidydeskandhasbeenquotedassaying,“Ifacluttereddeskisasignofaclutteredmind,ofwhat,then,isanemptydeskasign?”Anotherstudylinkedphysicalclutter(杂乱)tolowerlevelsoflifesatisfaction.Butoneoftheauthorsofthatstudysaysthatclutter,ratherthanaprobleminandofitself,seemstobeasymptomofotherproblems,especiallyuncheckedconsumerism(无节制的消费).“Inthissocietyofabundancewelivein,Ithinktheideathatwehavetohavemoremakesuslesssatisfiedwithlife,”saysJosephFerrari,coauthorofthestudy.“Itisn’tabundancethat’stheproblemasmuchasattachmenttoabundance.”OtherpsychologistssaytechnologymayalsobecontributingtoAmerica’skeennessfororganization.Thecomplexityanddisorderlinessoflifeonlineencouragesmanypeopletoseekorderintheirphysicalspaces,Dr.DodgenMageesays.“Butthenyoufindwhenyourroomoryourinboxisorganized,yourworldhasn’tstoppedbeingcomplex,”shesays.Atthispoint,manypeopledecideevenmoreorganizingisneeded,shesays.Butthiscanleadtocompulsive(难控制的)tidyingand,unavoidably,asenseoffailurewhenyoujustcan’tkeepthingsasneatandorderlyasyou’dlikethemtobe,sheexplains.“Themoreofamessourinternalworldbecomes,themorelikelywearetograbontosomethingthatgivesusthissenseofpeace,”shesays.Whilealittletidyingcanbeacalmingdistraction,shesays,it’satemporarybandage, notacure.28.WhatdoweknowaboutKondo’sphilosophy?A.It’sbasedonsolidevidence.B.Itinvolvesspirit-liftingmethods.C.It’spopularwithmanypeople.D.Itleadspeopletorecycleunusedstuff.29.WhatdoestheexampleofEinsteinservetoshow?A.Anemptydeskisasignofanemptymind.B.Orderlyworkspacescanbringhealthbenefits.C.Anuntidydeskcandamageworkingefficiency.D.Messyenvironmentsarelikelytoencouragecreativity.30.WhatdoesJosephFerrarisayaboutphysicalclutter?A.Itdeterminespeople’slifesatisfaction.B.Itcontributestouncheckedconsumerism.C.Itreflectspeople’sattachmenttotechnology.D.Itarisesfromthedesireformorepossessions.31.Whatcanbeinferredabouttidyingfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Itcanleadtoafeelingoffrustration.B.Itmakespeople’sworldmorecomplex.C.Itcanprovidelastingpeaceofmind.D.Itworksbetterwiththehelpoftechnology.【答案】28.C29.D30.D31.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了虽然很多人追求通过整理来改变生活，但相关研究表明整理实际上有好有坏，有序的空间能促进健康的选择，但也可能会限制创造性的思维，杂乱反映了人们对于富足的依恋的问题，但是整理不能从根本上解决人们内心世界的混乱。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Judgingbythepopularityofhermessageandmethod,Kondo’sphilosophysatisfiesmanypeople’sneed.（从她的想法和方法的受欢迎程度来看，Kondo的哲学满足了许多人的需求。）”可知，Kondo的哲学受到很多人的欢迎。故选C项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“One2013studyfoundthatorderlyspacespromotehealthychoicesbutalsoconventionalthinking,whileworkinginamessyordisorganizedspacepromotescreativityandnewideas.Einstein,famously,hadaveryuntidydeskandhasbeenquotedassaying,“Ifacluttereddeskisasignofaclutteredmind,ofwhat,then,isanemptydeskasign?”（2013 年的一项研究发现，有序的空间会促进健康的选择，但也会促进传统思维，而在凌乱或杂乱无章的空间中工作，则会促进创造力和新想法。众所周知，爱因斯坦有一张非常凌乱的桌子，有人引用他的话说：“如果凌乱的桌子是凌乱的大脑的标志，那么空桌子是什么标志呢?”）”可推知，这里用桌子凌乱但拥有巨大创造力的爱因斯坦的例子是为了佐证前面的观点：凌乱的环境有可能促进创造力。故选D项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中““Inthissocietyofabundancewelivein,Ithinktheideathatwehavetohavemoremakesuslesssatisfiedwithlife,”saysJosephFerrari,coauthorofthestudy.“Itisn’tabundancethat’stheproblemasmuchasattachmenttoabundance.”（该研究的共同作者JosephFerrari说：“在我们生活的这个富足的社会里，我认为我们必须拥有更多的想法会让我们对生活不满意。问题不在于富足，而在于对富足的依恋。”）”可知，JosephFerrari认为物理上的杂乱源于人们内心对于富足的依恋，人们渴望拥有更多东西。故选D项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后两段，尤其是倒数第二段中“Butthiscanleadtocompulsive(难控制的)tidyingand,unavoidably,asenseoffailurewhenyoujustcan’tkeepthingsasneatandorderlyasyou’dlikethemtobe,sheexplains.（但这可能会导致强迫性的整理，当你不能像你希望的那样保持东西整洁有序时，不可避免地会有一种失败感，她解释说。）”可知，科技给世界增加的复杂和无序会引起人们渴望整理，让自己的世界不再复杂，但是这种渴望太过强烈的时候反而容易引起失落，因为有时候事与愿违。由此可知，整理可能会导致挫败感。故选A项。DMorethan360millionyearsago,duringtheDevonian(泥盆纪)period,lifewasflourishinginspectacularfashion.Asfishandinvertebratespopulatedtheseas,thefirsttreesemergedonland.ButbytheendoftheDevonian,morethanhalfofallEarth’sspecieshaddisappearedinaseriesofmassextinctions.Newresearchshowshowtreeevolutioncouldhavecontributedtotheseextinctionevents.Aslandplantsdiversified,“theystartedtogrowmorecomplexrootsystemsthatwereabletoreachfartherdowntograbwater,”saysU.S.NavalAcademyoceanographerMathewSmart,leadauthorofthenewstudyintheGeologicalSocietyofAmericanBulletin.Deeptreerootsdrewcrucialmineralssuchasphosphorus(磷)outofthebedrockandtheneventuallydecayed,formingmineral-richsoil.Periodically,largequantitiesofthissoilwerewashedintotheseasandlakes-wherethesuddenphosphorusinflowcausedharmfulalgalblooms(藻华)thatpulledoxygenfromthewatersbelow.Thencameaseriesoflarge-scaleextinctions.TheresearcherstrackedthisdeadlypatterninfiveprehistoriclakebedsinScotlandandGreenland.TheymeasuredagradualphosphorusdecreaseinsedimentlayersfromthemiddletolateDevonian,accompaniedbysuddenincreaseofthemineralwithevidenceofcorrespondingoxygendepletion(耗竭). “We’vebeenworkingontheDevonianforalongtime,andwehavebeenthinkingthatthesecycleshaveoccurred,butwecouldn’treallyexplainit,”saysAnne-ChristineDaSilva,asedimentologistattheUniversityofLiègeinBelgium.“Thispapercouldbringanexplanation.”UniversityofNewMexicoplanetaryscientistMayaElrick,whowasalsonotinvolvedinthestudy,saysthatwhiletheoxygendepletionincidentscoincidedwithextinctions,itisunclearhowmuchofaroletreerootsplayed.Phosphoruslevelsdidgraduallydecreaseoverallastreesevolved,butshesaysthisreductionmayhavealreadybeenoccurring:“Ifit’satrendthatwashappeningprior,youcan’tblameitontheplants.”Next,Smart’steamplanstotestitsresultsusingcomputermodelstoseewhetherplantsonlandcouldhavecausedocean-wideoxygendepletionandcorrespondingextinction-analysisthatcouldalsohelppredictmodernalgalblooms’impact.32.What’sthemainideaofparagraph2?A.Theevolutionoflandplants.B.Theeffectofphosphorusinflow.C.Thesourceofcrucialminerals.D.Theprocessofmassextinctions.33.What’sAnne-ChristineDaSilva’sattitudetowardstheresearchfinding?A.Disapproving.B.Favorable.C.Doubtful.D.Unclear.34.WhichofthefollowingstatementsdoesMayaElrickagreewith?A.Oxygendepletionworsenedastreesevolved.B.Treeevolutioncan’tnecessarilyrevealextinctions.C.Plantextinctionresultedfromthemineralincrease.D.Phosphorusreductionoccurredbeforetreeevolution.35.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheRiseandFalloftheDevonianPeriodB.TheRoleofPhosphorusinTrees’EvolutionC.AlgalBloomsContributetoOxygenDepletionD.TreeRootsMayHaveSetOffMassExtinctions【答案】32.D33.B34.B35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍最近一项研究发现泥盆纪树木根的进化可能导致了大规模的物种灭绝。【32题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Aslandplantsdiversified,“theystartedtogrowmorecomplexrootsystemsthatwere abletoreachfartherdowntograbwater,”saysU.S.NavalAcademyoceanographerMathewSmart,leadauthorofthenewstudyintheGeologicalSocietyofAmericanBulletin.Deeptreerootsdrewcrucialmineralssuchasphosphorus(磷)outofthebedrockandtheneventuallydecayed,formingmineral-richsoil.Periodically,largequantitiesofthissoilwerewashedintotheseasandlakes-wherethesuddenphosphorusinflowcausedharmfulalgalblooms(藻华)thatpulledoxygenfromthewatersbelow.Thencameaseriesoflarge-scaleextinctions.(美国海军学院海洋学家MathewSmart是《美国地质学会公报》上这项新研究的主要作者，他说，随着陆地植物的多样化，“它们开始生长更复杂的根系，能够延伸到更远的地方取水”。深深的树根吸收了磷等重要矿物质然后最终腐烂，形成富含矿物质的土壤。周期性地，大量的这种土壤被冲入海洋和湖泊，在那里，磷的突然流入导致了有害的藻华从下面的水中抽取氧气。随后发生了一系列大规模的物种灭绝)”可知，本段主要介绍了一系列大规模的物种灭绝的过程。故选D。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段““We’vebeenworkingontheDevonianforalongtime,andwehavebeenthinkingthatthesecycleshaveoccurred,butwecouldn’treallyexplainit,”saysAnne-ChristineDaSilva,asedimentologistattheUniversityofLiègeinBelgium.“Thispapercouldbringanexplanation.”(“我们研究泥盆纪已经很长时间了，我们一直认为这些循环已经发生，但我们无法真正解释它，”比利时列日大学的沉积学家AnneChristineDaSilva说。“这篇论文可能会给出一个解释。”)”推知，Anne-ChristineDaSilva对研究发现持支持态度。故选B。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“UniversityofNewMexicoplanetaryscientistMayaElrick,whowasalsonotinvolvedinthestudy,saysthatwhiletheoxygendepletionincidentscoincidedwithextinctions,itisunclearhowmuchofaroletreerootsplayed.Phosphoruslevelsdidgraduallydecreaseoverallastreesevolved,butshesaysthisreductionmayhavealreadybeenoccurring:“Ifit’satrendthatwashappeningprior,youcan’tblameitontheplants.”(新墨西哥大学行星科学家MayaElrick也没有参与这项研究，她说，虽然氧气耗尽事件与物种灭绝同时发生，但目前尚不清楚树根在多大程度上发挥了作用。随着树木的进化，磷水平确实总体上逐渐下降，但她说这种下降可能已经发生了：“如果这是以前发生的趋势，你不能把它归咎于植物。”)”可知，MayaElrick认为树木进化不一定能揭示物种灭绝，因为磷的下降可能之前就已经存在了，不能完全归结于植物。故选B。【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段的“Newresearchshowshowtreeevolutioncouldhavecontributedtotheseextinctionevents.(新的研究表明，树木的进化可能导致了这些灭绝事件)”和第二段“Aslandplantsdiversified,“theystartedtogrowmorecomplexrootsystemsthatwereabletoreachfartherdowntograb water,”saysU.S.NavalAcademyoceanographerMathewSmart,leadauthorofthenewstudyintheGeologicalSocietyofAmericanBulletin.Deeptreerootsdrewcrucialmineralssuchasphosphorus(磷)outofthebedrockandtheneventuallydecayed,formingmineral-richsoil.Periodically,largequantitiesofthissoilwerewashedintotheseasandlakes-wherethesuddenphosphorusinflowcausedharmfulalgalblooms(藻华)thatpulledoxygenfromthewatersbelow.Thencameaseriesoflarge-scaleextinctions.(美国海军学院海洋学家MathewSmart是《美国地质学会公报》上这项新研究的主要作者，他说，随着陆地植物的多样化，“它们开始生长更复杂的根系，能够延伸到更远的地方取水”。深深的树根吸收了磷等重要矿物质然后最终腐烂，形成富含矿物质的土壤。周期性地，大量的这种土壤被冲入海洋和湖泊，在那里，磷的突然流入导致了有害的藻华从下面的水中抽取氧气。随后发生了一系列大规模的物种灭绝)”可知，本文介绍树木的进化导致它们的根可以伸到很远地方取水，树根腐烂后形成富含磷的土壤，这些土壤被冲进海洋和湖泊后导致有害的藻华的大量繁殖，进而大量消耗氧气，最终导致海洋中大量物种灭绝。故D项“树根可能引发大规模灭绝”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。第二节：(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两处为多余选项。Petsshouldnotbeleftalonefortoolongduringtheday.Butourbusylifestyleswillsometimestearusaway.____36____Herearesometipstokeepyourpetscontent.Catsdon’tsimplycurlupandsleepwhenyouleave.____37____Iftheyhaveafriendorsiblingtheywillcreategamesandcomfortoneanotherbutiftheyarealonetheywillneedmorestimuli(刺激物).LeavingtheTVorradiooncanhelp,andwhileyouworkouttheirfavoritechannel,youcan’tgofarwrongwithclassicalmusic.____38____Theywillkeepyourcatphysicallyandmentallybusy,whichwilllessentheseparationanxiety.Someofthetoysarealsopracticalforyourhome,suchasscratchingpoststopreventthefurniturefrombeingscratched.It’snotjustcatsthatsufferfromseparationanxiety.Dogsalsodislikebeingleftaloneandunfortunatelytheycan’ttellwhetherit’sbeentenminutesortenhours:thedispleasurefeltisverysimilar.____39____BackgroundnoisefromtheTVorradiocanhelpthemtofeellessalone.ThereisevenadogTVchanneldesignedtocreatehappyandcalmthoughtsindogs,showingidyllicscenesoffields,beachesandotherdogs.Youcanalsograduallylengthenthedistanceandtimeofyourseparationuntilyourdogscanbeleftalonefor20minuteswithoutshowingtheirusualsymptomsofsadnessandstress.____40____A.Anumberofcattoysarealsohelpful. B.Scheduledailyplaysessionswithyourcats.C.Butyoucanhelpeasethenegativefeelingatleast.D.Thatcreatesalotofguiltandworryfortheirwell-being.E.Inthisway,theycandisassociateyourabsencewithnegativity.F.Theyneedstimulationfortheperiodwhentheywillbeleftalone.G.Overtime,theywilllookforwardtotheirseparationtogetareward.【答案】36.D37.F38.A39.C40.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些满足宠物独自呆着需要陪伴的方法。【36题详解】根据上文“Petsshouldnotbeleftalonefortoolongduringtheday.Butourbusylifestyleswillsometimestearusaway.(宠物不应该在白天独自呆太久。但我们忙碌的生活方式有时会让我们分心)”可知，本句应当说明宠物独自待太久的不良影响：产生内疚以及给它们的健康带来担忧。故D选项“这会产生内疚以及给它们的健康带来担忧”符合语境，故选D。【37题详解】根据上文“Catsdon’tsimplycurlupandsleepwhenyouleave.(猫不会在你离开的时候蜷缩起来睡觉)”以及后文“Iftheyhaveafriendorsiblingtheywillcreategamesandcomfortoneanotherbutiftheyarealonetheywillneedmorestimuli(刺激物).LeavingtheTVorradiooncanhelp,andwhileyouworkouttheirfavoritechannel,youcan’tgofarwrongwithclassicalmusic.(如果它们有朋友或兄弟姐妹，它们会创造游戏，互相安慰，但如果它们独自呆着，他们会需要更多的刺激。让电视或收音机开着会有帮助，当你找出他们最喜欢的频道时，古典音乐不会出错)”可知，后文提到了猫独自呆着的时候，需要更多刺激，故F选项“他们在独处的时候需要刺激”符合语境，故选F。【38题详解】根据后文“Theywillkeepyourcatphysicallyandmentallybusy,whichwilllessentheseparationanxiety.Someofthetoysarealsopracticalforyourhome,suchasscratchingpoststopreventthefurniturefrombeingscratched.(它们会让你的猫在身体上和精神上都很忙，这将减轻分离的焦虑。有些玩具对你的家也很实用，比如抓木桩，防止家具被抓伤)”可知，本句是在说明猫玩具可以帮助猫缓解分离焦虑，A选项Anumberofcattoys对应后文They。故A选项“一些猫玩具也很有帮助”符合语境，故选A。【39题详解】根据上一段“It’snotjustcatsthatsufferfromseparationanxiety.Dogsalsodislikebeingleftaloneandunfortunatelytheycan’ttellwhetherit’sbeentenminutesortenhours:thedispleasurefeltisverysimilar.(患有分 离焦虑的不仅仅是猫。狗也不喜欢一个人呆着，不幸的是，它们分不清是呆了十分钟还是十小时：它们感受到的不快是非常相似的)”后文“BackgroundnoisefromtheTVorradiocanhelpthemtofeellessalone.ThereisevenadogTVchanneldesignedtocreatehappyandcalmthoughtsindogs,showingidyllicscenesoffields,beachesandotherdogs.(电视或收音机的背景噪音可以帮助他们减少孤独感。甚至还有一个狗狗电视频道，旨在让狗狗产生快乐和平静的想法，展示田野、海滩和其他狗狗的田园诗般的场景)”可知，本段与上文构成转折，指出缓解猫狗宠物分离焦虑情绪的办法，故C选项“但至少你可以帮助缓解这种负面情绪”符合语境，故选C。【40题详解】根据上文“Youcanalsograduallylengthenthedistanceandtimeofyourseparationuntilyourdogscanbeleftalonefor20minuteswithoutshowingtheirusualsymptomsofsadnessandstress.(你也可以逐渐延长你的距离和时间，直到你的狗可以单独呆20分钟，而不会表现出他们通常的悲伤和压力症状)”可知，上文提到了“延长你的距离和时间”这种方法，本句为本段最后一句，应说明这种方法的作用：它们可以把你的缺席和消极联系起来。故E选项“通过这种方式，它们可以把你的缺席和消极联系起来”符合语境，故选E。第三部分：语言知识应用(共两节，满分30分)第一节：(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。RecentsnowstormsinSouthernCalifornialeftseveralpeopledeadandotherstrappedintheirhomesintheSanBernardinoMountains.Duringthesevereweather,membersofthecommunity____41____tohelpa79-year-oldmangettohiswife,whowasexperiencingamedical____42____milesaway.Theman,RobertRice,wasconfidenthecould____43____thestormswiththesupplieshehadstocked.Butthingstookanunexpectedturnwhenhelearnedthathiswife,AnnRice,wasstrugglingto____44____.Shehada(n)____45____ofchronic(慢性的)lungdiseaseandhadbeenonaventilatorfor3years.Thenursingfacilitywhereshelivedwas27milesfromRobert,anddoctorsbelievedshecoulddieascarbondioxide____46____inherlungs.Robertwas____47____thathewouldbeunabletobebyhersidebecauseofthestorm,whichhadcoveredmostoftheareawithsnowandleftmanyfamilies____48____.Hisdaughter____49____thefactthathewasn’tgoingtobethere,andwastryingtopreparehimforthat,buthewasin_____50_____.Hekeptthinkinghe’dfigureoutawaytogethimselfdownthere.Doctorswereableto_____51_____hermoretime,butherworseningconditionurgedhimtodoallhecould togettoher.Hetriedtoclearsomeofthedrivewayhimself,butcouldnot_____52_____thefallingsnow.That’swhenhepostedaplea(请求)onFacebook.Soon，alotofneighbors_____53_____helpedtoshovelhisdriveway.Withtheirjointeffort,Roberteventually_____54_____Annandspenttimewithherinthehospital.“I’msogratefulfortheir_____55_____,”hetoldtheTimes.“Ibelievetherewereotherpeoplewhoprobablyneededthehelpmorethanme.”41.A.unitedB.expectedC.failedD.promised42A.treatmentB.researchC.emergencyD.training43.A.predictB.surviveC.avoidD.measure44.A.moveB.concentrateC.breatheD.communicate45.A.conditionB.memoryC.experienceD.history46.A.accumulatedB.formedC.circulatedD.melted47.A.angryB.afraidC.shockedD.guilty48.A.speechlessB.aimlessC.powerlessD.jobless49.A.provedB.doubtedC.ignoredD.accepted50.A.denialB.favourC.needD.trouble51.A.lendB.buyC.oweD.assign52.A.makeuseofB.keeptrackofC.putupwithD.keepupwith53.A.casuallyB.hesitantlyC.voluntarilyD.accidentally54.A.followedB.reachedC.contactedD.protected55.A.kindnessB.acceptanceC.encouragementD.tolerance【答案】41.A42.C43.B44.C45.D46.A47.B48.C49.D50.A51.B52.D53.C54.B55.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述一位老人在社区成员的帮助下在雪暴天赶到妻子所在的疗养院陪她度过生命的最后时光。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在恶劣的天气里，社区成员团结起来，帮助一名79岁的男子找到他的妻子，他在几英里外遭遇了医疗紧急情况。A.united团结，统一；B.expected期待；C.failed失败；D.promised承诺。根据“membersofthecommunity”推知，社区成员团结起来帮助老人。故选A。【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在恶劣的天气里，社区成员团结起来，帮助一名79岁的男子找到他的妻子，他在几英里外遭遇了医疗紧急情况。A.treatment治疗；B.research研究；C.emergency紧急情况；D.training训练。根据下文“Thenursingfacilitywhereshelivedwas27milesfromRobert,anddoctorsbelievedshecoulddieascarbondioxide____6____inherlungs.”可知，老人的妻子正在经历医疗紧急情况。故选C。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这名男子名叫RobertRLice，他有信心用储备的物资在风暴中幸存下来。A.predict预测；B.survive幸存；C.avoid避免，避开；D.measure测量。根据“withthesupplieshehadstocked”可知，老人有信心可以幸存下来，因为他有足够的物资。故选B。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当他得知妻子AnnRice呼吸困难时，情况发生了意想不到的转变。A.move感动，移动，搬动；B.concentrate集中；C.breathe呼吸；D.communicate交流。根据下文“ofchronic(慢性的)lungdisease”可知，老人的妻子患有慢性肺病，由此推知他得知妻子呼吸困难。故选C。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她有慢性肺病病史，已经使用呼吸机3年了。A.condition条件；B.memory记忆；C.experience经历，经验；D.history历史。根据“andhadbeenonaventilatorfor3years”可知，老人的妻子有慢性肺病史。故选D。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她住的护理机构距离罗伯特27英里，医生认为她可能会因为肺部积聚二氧化碳而死亡。A.accumulated积累；B.formed形成；C.circulated循环，传播；D.melted融化。结合常识可以，呼吸困难会使二氧化碳积累在肺部，最终导致死亡。故选A。【47题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：罗伯特担心，由于这场风暴，他将无法陪伴在她身边，这场风暴覆盖了大部分地区，使许多家庭无能为力。A.angry生气的；B.afraid害怕的，担心的；C.shocked震惊的；D.guilty罪恶的，内疚的。根据“hewouldbeunabletobebyhersidebecauseofthestorm”可知，老人担心自己不能陪在老伴的身边。故选B。【48题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.speechless无话可说的；B.aimless漫无目的的；C.powerless无权的，无能为力的；D.Jobless没有工作的。根据第一段“RecentsnowstormsinSouthernCalifornialeftseveralpeopledeadandotherstrappedintheirhomesintheSanBernardinoMountains.”可知，雪暴让很多家庭束手无策。故选C。【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的女儿接受了他不会去那里的事实，并试图让他做好准备，但他否认了。A.proved证明；B.doubted怀疑；C.ignored忽视；D.accepted接受。根据第一段“RecentsnowstormsinSouthernCalifornialeftseveralpeopledeadandotherstrappedintheirhomesintheSanBernardinoMountains.”可知，情况非常糟糕，且老人年岁已高，因此女儿接受了他不会去妻子身边的事实。故选D。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.denial否决；B.favour恩惠，帮助；C.need需要；D.trouble麻烦。根据下文“Hekeptthinkinghe’dfigureoutawaytogethimselfdownthere.”可知，老人想办法去妻子身边，因此他否决了女儿的想法。故选A。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生为她争取了更多的时间，但她日益恶化的病情促使他尽一切努力找到她。A.lend借出；B.buy付出极大代价而获得；C.owe欠，归功（罪）于；D.assign布置，分配。根据“butherworseningconditionurgedhimtodoallhecouldtogettoher”推知，虽然医生为她争取了更多时间，但她的情况不容乐观。故选B。【52题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他试图自己清理一些车道，但跟不上下起的雪。A.makeuseof利用；B.keeptrackof追踪；C.putupwith忍受；D.keepupwith跟上。根据上文“RecentsnowstormsinSouthernCalifornia”可知，此处指老人刚清理出车道，又被下落的大雪覆盖了，即他的速度更不上下起的雪。故选D。【53题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：很快，许多邻居自愿帮助铲他的车道。A.casually随意地；B.hesitantly迟疑地；C.voluntarily自愿地；D.accidentally偶然地。根据“That’swhenhepostedaplea(请求)onFacebook”和上文“membersofthecommunity____1____tohelpa79-year-oldmangettohiswife,”可知，人们自愿帮助清理车道。故选C。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他们的共同努力下，罗伯特最终到了安所在的医院，并在医院与她共度时光。A.followed跟随；B.reached到达；C.contacted联系；D.protected保护。根据“andspenttimewithherinthehospital.”可知，老人最终成功到达妻子所在的医院。故选B。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我非常感谢他们的好意，”他告诉《泰晤士报》。A.kindness善良；B.acceptance接受；C.encouragement鼓励；D.tolerance容忍。根据上文“Duringthesevereweather,membersofthecommunity____1____tohelpa79-year-oldmangettohiswife”可知，人们帮助老人。因此此处是指老人感谢人们的善良。故选A。 第II卷第二节：(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词括号内单词的正确形式。AnewbranchofthePalaceMuseumisexpectedtoriseonBeijingoutskirtsoverthenextfewyearstobettershowcasethe____56____(museum)culturalrelics.Afternearlyadecadeofpreparation,constructionofthenewbranch____57____(begin)lastDecember.LocatedinXiyehe,avillageinHaidianDistrict,thenewbranchwillcovermorethan100,000squaremeters,including____58____exhibitionspaceofover60,000squaremetersforculturalrelicsandmorethan35,000squaremetersforrelic____59____(restore).Atpresent,over1.86millionculturalrelics____60____(house)inthemuseum.However,onlyabout10,000piecesareabletobedisplayedeveryyearduetolimitedexhibitionspaces____61____outdatedoffices.DuHaijiang,deputydirectorofthePalaceMuseum,briefedthepublicontheprojectinaninterviewwithCCTVonJanuary26th,____62____(explain)thatcalligraphyworksandpaintingscouldn’tbeputondisplayduringrainyseasons,inwinterorsummer,becauseofstricttemperatureandhumidityrequirements.Somesilkandcottonartworks____63____(current)cannotbeexhibitedatallforlackofthenecessaryenvironment.Oncompletionofthenewbranch,itwillbepossible____64____(display)between20,000and30,000individualrelicseachyear.Thenewvenuewillbeamodernexhibitionspace____65____multiplefunctionstoproviderelicpreservation,repairwork,andvisitorservices.【答案】56.museum’s57.began58.an59.restoration60.arehoused61.and62.explaining63.currently64.todisplay65.with【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了几年后建成的故宫博物院的一个新分馆将更好的展出文物和提供服务。【56题详解】考查名词所有格。句意：故宫博物院的一个新分馆预计将在未来几年内在北京郊区拔地而起，以更好地展 示故宫的文物。修饰名词词组culturalrelics应用名词所有格museum’s表示“博物馆的”。故填museum’s。【57题详解】考查时态。句意：经过近十年的准备，新分馆于去年12月开始建设。空处为句子谓语动词，根据时间状lastDecember可知，陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填began。【58题详解】考查冠词。句意：位于海淀区西冶河村的新分馆占地面积将超过10万平方米，其中文物展览面积超过6万平方米、文物修复展览面积超过3.5万平方米。a/an...spaceof“一个……的空间”是固定表达，修饰词exhibition的发音是元音音素开头，故填an。【59题详解】考查名词。句意同上。空处应填名词作宾语，restoration“修复”符合题意，抽象概念，不可数。故填restoration。【60题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：目前，该博物馆收藏了186多万件文物。空处为句子谓语动词，根据时间状语atpresent判断为一般现在时，主语relics和house之间为被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填arehoused。【61题详解】考查连词。句意：然而，由于展览空间有限和办公室陈旧，每年只能展出约1万件作品。“有限的展览空间”和“办公室陈旧”是并列关系，都是每年只能展出约1万件作品的原因，应用and连接。故填and。【62题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：1月26日，故宫博物院副馆长DuHaijiang在接受中央电视台采访时向公众介绍了该项目，他解释说，由于严格的温度和湿度要求，书法作品和绘画作品不能在雨季、冬季或夏季展出。分析可知，此处作伴随状语，应用非谓语动词，explain和逻辑主语DuHaijiang之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填explaining。【63题详解】考查副词。句意：由于缺乏必要的环境，一些丝绸和棉花艺术品目前根本无法展出。修饰谓语动词cannotbeexhibited应用所给词的副词形式。故填currently。【64题详解】考查不定式。句意：新分馆建成后，每年可以展出2万至3万件文物。此处为固定句型：itbe+adj.+todosth.“做某事是……的”，it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故填todisplay。【65题详解】 考查介词。句意：新场馆将是一个现代化的展览空间，具有多供文物保护、修复和游客服务等多种功能。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处用介词with表示“有，具有”。故填with。第四部分：写作第一节：应用文写作(满分15分)66.假如你是校英语社团负责人李华，近期你组织了“经典英文阅读”手抄报大赛(EnglishClassicsReadingPosterCompetition)，你想邀请外教Josh帮忙评审已收到的作品。内容包括：1．比赛介绍；2．评审安排；3．发出邀请。注意：1．词数80左右;2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearJosh,I’mLiHua,inchargeof“EnglishClassicsReadingPosterCompetition”.IamwritingtocordiallyinviteyoutogradetheposterentriesonMay25thinthelecturehall.ToencourageEnglishclassicsreading,thecompetitionrequiresstudentstocreatehand-drawnposterstoillustratetheirunderstandingofclassicworksthroughvisualpresentation.Tillnowwe’vereceiveduptofortysubmissions,whichwillbeevaluatedagainstratingcriteria,includingcontentrichness,layoutcreativityandartisticexpressiveness.Accordingly,toptenworkswillbeawarded.Withyourexpertiseinliteratureandart,webelieveyouwillbeavaluableadditiontothejudgingpanel.Lookingforwardtoyourpositivereply!Yourssincerely,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你是校英语社团负责人李华，近期你组织了“经典英文阅读”手抄报大赛(EnglishClassicsReadingPosterCompetition)，你想邀请外教Josh帮忙评审已收到的作品。【详解】1.词汇积累相信：believe→holdthebeliefthat 比赛：competition→contest到目前为止：tillnow→sofar宝贵的：valuable→precious2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：Withyourexpertiseinliteratureandart,webelieveyouwillbeavaluableadditiontothejudgingpanel.拓展句：Sinceyouareexpertinliteratureandart,webelieveyouwillbeavaluableadditiontothejudgingpanel.【点睛】[高分句型1]ToencourageEnglishclassicsreading,thecompetitionrequiresstudentstocreatehand-drawnposterstoillustratetheirunderstandingofclassicworksthroughvisualpresentation.(运用了不定式作目的状语)[高分句型2]Withyourexpertiseinliteratureandart,webelieveyouwillbeavaluableadditiontothejudgingpanel.(运用了省略that的宾语从句)第二节：读后续写(满分25分)67.阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。“SAIBABA!SaiBaba!SaiBaba!Hahahaha!”“TodayisShimla’sbigday!Wehaveacelebrityvisitingourcity!Hahahaha!”Rani’scheekcsburnedwithembarrassmentandtearsstunghereyesassheelbowedherwaytotheexitthroughthecrowdofteasingboysinthepackedschoolbus.Itwasn’tthefirsttimeshe’dbeencalledSaiBaba,afterthefamousHinduholyman(印度圣人)she’dseenonTVwithhistrademarkafro(爆炸式卷发)toweringoverhishead.Butthistimehadtobetheworst.Ranijumpedofftheschoolbus,angrythoughtshoveringinsideRani’sheadasshemarchedhomeinthedrizzlingrain.Whydidherhairhavetocurllikeagiantcottoncandyballoonjustwhenshewantedittobehave?Why,why.why,fumedRaniassheturnedthebackdoorkey.“Rani,isthatyou?”Mamacalledfromthefamilyroom.SuddenlyRani’scousins,AmitandSumit,camechargingtowardher.“HowmanyeggsdoesRanihaveinthatnestonherhead?”screamedAmit.“Letmegetthatwig(假发)offRani’shead!”shoutedSumit.Beforeshecouldthink,Ranihadfledoutthedoorandwentbackuptheroadshe’dwalkeddownminutesbefore.Halfwayup,sheslidunseenbehindagreencurtainofbamboo.Tearingthroughthewildgrowth,shemadeherwaydownanarrowmudpathintoaclearing(空地).Shethrewherschoolbagonthegroundandbreathedhard.“Ihatemyhair!”shecried.Collapsingonherschoolbag,shebitterlyrememberedthetimeshe’dspenttryingtosmoothherhairinvain.Beforelong,shefellintoafitfulsleep.“RANI!RAA-AANI!” RaniwokeuptoMama’scalls.Shesoundedanxious.“I’llnevergohome,”shepromisedherselfdarkly.MamaletAmitandSumitmakefunofme.Papawouldneverhavedonethat.Hewouldlistentomeandstandbymyside.Theminutesworeon.Aloneinhersecrethideout,RaniwatchedtheshadowofMamnagetlongerandbegintodisappearasduskfell.注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph1:Suddenly,leavesrustling,someoneorsomethingwasmakingitswayintotheclearing._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:ThenextmomentPapawassittingbesideher._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:Suddenly,leavesrustling,someoneorsomethingwasmakingitswayintotheclearing.Ranifroze.Sheknewaboutthedangerousanimals—thefoxesandsnakesandevenman-eaterleopards—thatlurkedinthelushjungles.Ashiverwentdownherspine.Huggingherselfclose,shecrouchedlower,notdaringtomoveamuscle.Tinynightbugsbitintohersoftfleshandhungerpangswrackedherbelly.Raniwastorturedbysuchadisastrousday!Sheheldherbreathastherustlinggrewlouder,hereyesscanningthebushesfrantically.Suddenly,thethickleavesparted,andadarkformsteppedintotheclearing.Rani’sheartleapingwithfear,sheopenedhermouthtoscream.ThenextmomentPapawassittingbesideher.ReliefandjoyfloodedthroughRani.SheflungherarmsaroundPapaandclungtohim.“Rani!What’swrong?”avisiblyrelievedPapaasked.Ranihesitatedatfirst,butthenbrokedownintears,“Ihatemyhair!”Shepouredouteverythingaboutteasing.“Andthat’snotall,”Rani sobbed.“MamaevenletAmitandSumitgetawaywithit.”Papasighed,strokedherdisheveledhairandplantedasoftkissonherforehead.“Iknowit’stoughbeingteasedbythosekids,butyoucan’tletitgettoyou.Look,youarebeautifuljustthewayyouare!”Papasaidsoothingly.Together,theysatinsilenceforawhile,untilRani’stearsdriedupandshefeltreadytofacetheworldagain.【解析】【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了Rani因发型奇怪经常被同学取笑。今天更严重，车上的孩子们都大声喊着“SAIBABA”。回到家后Rani又被表兄弟取笑，因此生气的Rani跑出家门，并发誓不再回家，独自在空地上躺着。【详解】1.段落续写：①根据第一段首句“突然，树叶沙沙作响，有人或什么东西进入了空地”可知，下文可描写Rani当时的心理活动，反应和恐惧。②根据第二段首句“下一刻爸爸就坐在她旁边”可知，下文可描写Rani把大家取笑她的事情告诉爸爸，以及爸爸对她的安慰和开导。2.续写线索：似乎有东西进入空地——想象着各种可能的动物——非常害怕——黑影走进空地——爸爸坐到身边——Rani诉苦——爸爸安慰和开导——感悟3.词类激活行为类①尖叫：scream/shrill②哭泣：sob/cry/weep情绪类①感到宽慰的，放松的：relieved/relaxed②讨厌：hate/bedisgustedwith【点睛】[高分句型1]Huggingherselfclose,shecrouchedlower,notdaringtomoveamuscle.（运用了现在分词作状语）[高分句型2]Together,theysatinsilenceforawhile,untilRani’stearsdriedupandshefeltreadytofacetheworldagain.（运用了until引导的时间状语从句）