重庆市西南大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三英语下学期押题卷试题（Word版附解析）

西南大学附属中学2022—2023学年下期高2023届押题卷英语试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthemandolater?A.Gotoaparty.B.Dohiswork.C.Catchabus.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Willyoubejoiningusinthepartylater?M:Sorry,IneedtocatchupontheworkImissed.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatcouldMr.Hopkinsprobablybe?A.Arepairman.B.Asalesman.C.Apoliceman.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:What’swrongwiththecar?M:Thefronttireisflat,theseatneedstoberaised,andtheengineseemsnottoworkwell.W:WhynotcallMrHopkins?3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howmuchwillthewomanpayfortheglasses?A.$90.B.$150.C.$240.【答案】B 【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning,madam.WhatcanIdoforyou?W:I’dliketheseglasses.Howmucharethey?M:They’re$20apiece.Ifyoubuyadozen,youcansave$90.W:OK.I’lltakeadozen.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Havearest.B.Washthedisheslater.C.Talkabouthisday.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Jack,canyoudothedishestonight?I’mverytired.M:Can’twejustputtheminthedish-washer?I’vehadaverybadday,too.Ijustwanttorelax.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hemissedthespeech.B.Helosthiswaytothetrainstation.C.Hecouldn’tunderstandwhatthelecturersaid.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Whatdidyouthinkaboutthespeechbythevisitinglecturer?M:Iwaslost.Isimplycouldn’tfollowhistrainofthought.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whathasthemanbeendoingrecently?A.MakingTVshows.B.Actinginafilm.C.Trainingdogs.7.Whatdoesthemanthinkismainlyneededinhisjob?A.Patience.B.Skills.C.Talents. 【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Linda.W:Oh,hi,John.Haven’tseenyouforafewdays.Whatareyoudoingthesedays?M:Well,I’mdoingaveryinterestingjob.Ibegantotraindogs.Mydogsarereallyactors,youknow,thedogsyouseeinmoviesandTVshows.W:Cool!Howdoyoudoit?M:Thedogshavetolearnsignalsforcertainbasicskills,likesit,stop,andliedown.Afterthat,youteachthemthetrickythings.W:That’sreallyfantastic!Buthowdoyoumakethemlearnthings?M:Well,youmainlyneedpatience.Yourepeatandrepeatthecommands.Andtheygetarewardeverytimetheygetitright.W:MaybeIshouldconsidertrainingmyowndogtodothesetricksaswell.Itmustbealotoffun.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Howdoesthewomanfeelnow?A.Excited.B.Upset.C.Angry.9.Whatdidthewomandowell?A.Drivinguphill.B.Makingturns.C.Parking.10Whydidthewomanhitacar?A.Shefailedtousethehandbrake.B.Shedidn’tseeitatall.C.Shedrovetoofast.【答案】8.B9.C10.A【解析】【原文】M:Well,Jane.Howdidyoudoonyourdrivingtest?W:Notsowell.I’mafraid.M:Didn’tyougetyourlicense?W:No.Myscorewasonly57percent.M:Nowonderyoulooksad.Wheredidyoulosethemostpoints?W:Onethingwasnotturningmyheadbeforechangingroadsormakingturns.M:Right.Usingaturnsignalisn’tenough.Tobesafe,youhavetoglancebackoveryourshoulderinthe directionyouwanttogo.W:Butmyparkingwasgood.I’vebeenpracticingthatalot.M:Whatwasyourworstmoment?W:Waitingonanuphillplaceforthelighttochangetogreen.M:Whathappened?W:Well,Iforgothowtousethehandbrake.Sothecarrolledbackandhitthecarbehindme.M:Thataloneprobablyfailedyou.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atatravelagency.B.Atatrainstation.C.Atschool.12.WhatisthemostconvenientwaytotravelaroundEurope?A.Bycar.B.Byplane.C.Bytrain.13.Whichcountryarethetwospeakersbothgoingtovisit?A.Italy.B.Germany.C.France.【答案】11.A12.C13.C【解析】【原文】W:Itcertainlyhasbeenbusyhereatthetravelagencyrecently.M:Itmustbebecausesummervacationisnearlyhere.W:Everyoneistryingtoplanasummervacation.M:ThetravelagenciesareofferingalotofcheapairfarestoEuropenow.W:I’veheardthattravelingaroundEuropebytrainisthecheapestandmostconvenientway.M:Yes.I’veheardit’smucheasierthandriving,andmuchmorecomfortablethantakingabus.W:Areyouplanningtobuyatrainticket?M:Yes.I’mgoingtotravelbytraininFrance,Italy,Switzerland,andAustria.W:I’mgoingtoFranceandGermany.I’mgoingtotakethetrainfromParis,andtraveltoallthesmallercountrysidetowns.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Wherewasthemanborn? A.InIndia.B.InScotland.C.InAustria.15.Whatwasthepurposeoftheman’stravel?A.Tolookforhiswife.B.Tofindoutwhathewasinterestedin.C.Togetmoreinformationabouthismother.16.Whathasthemanbeendoingsincethe1970s?A.Makinglargeobjectsusedoutdoors.B.Producinguniquehome-usedobjects.C.Doingexperimentswithdifferentkindsofbowls.【答案】14.C15.B16.B【解析】【原文】W:Now,I’mwithFrankIrvine.Frank,wereyouborninScotland?M:Actuallyno.MyfatherwasfromAustriaandIwasbornthere.W:Whendidyoustartgettinginterestedinmakingpots?M:Well,asachildIwasintoengines.ButIthinkbythetimeIwasabouttwentyIwasalreadyawarethattheremightbesomethingelseIwantedtodo.W:So,whatdidyoudo?M:Well,Istartedtraveling.Er,atfirst,tofindoutmoreaboutmyfather’sbackground,andthenIwenttotheMiddleEastandontoIndia,whereImetmywife.W:Andherfather?M:Yes.AndIwasvisitingthemquitealotandseeingherfatherworking.AndeventuallyIaskedhimifIcouldhaveago.AndthenIstartedusingvery,veryhightemperaturestoproducesomeprettyuniqueeffects.W:Andthiswasquitesometimeago?M:Oh,I’vebeenplayingaboutwiththissincethe1970s.Istartedwithquitesmallbowls,youknow,smallhome-usedobjects,thenIwantedtotrytomakelargerdesigns,butstillsomethingthatmightfinditswayintoahome,ratherthanamuseum.Thenin1981.Igotontotheideaofthembeingusedoutdoors,sotheygotbiggerandbigger.Andotherpeoplelikethemtoo.W:Theycertainlydo.Well,thankyouverymuchforyourcomingheretoday,Frank.M:You’rewelcome.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.U.S.studentsandtheirfuturejobs.B.ThelifeofstudentsintheU.S.C.HighereducationintheU.S.18.WhatjobsdoAmericangraduatestudentshopetofind?A.Thosethatareinterestingandwell-paid.B.Thosethatareverychallenging.C.Thosethatarequitespecial.19.Whatisthegraduatestudents’lifelikeinAmerica?A.Meaningful.B.Tough.C.Interesting.20.WhatdomostAmericangraduatestudentsthinkofspendingtimeontheirstudies?A.Itisunnecessary.B.Itisnotrewarding.C.Itwillpayoff.【答案】17.C18.A19.B20.C【解析】【原文】W:MostAmericanuniversitystudentsstudyfouryearsormoretogetacollegedegree.Duringthistime,theyarecalledundergraduatestudents.Whenastudentcompleteshiscourse,heearnsabachelor’sdegreethatwillhelphimfindajob.Manystudentsstayatuniversityandworkforahigherdegree.Otherstudentstakeajobforafewyears,thentheyquitworking,andtheycontinuestudyingattheuniversity.Thosestudentsworktoearnhigherdegrees.Theyarecalledgraduatestudents.Graduatestudentsspecializeinaparticularfieldofstudy.Theystudytobecomeexpertsintheirfield.Theyhopethatwhentheygettheirgraduatedegreestheywillsucceedinfindinginterestingjobswithgoodsalaries.Graduateusuallyareusuallytoobusystudying.Oftentheyhavetopayhighschoolfees.Somegiveupstudyingbeforetheygettheirdegrees.Butmostkeeponworkingattheirstudiesuntiltheygraduate.Intoday’sworld,mostgradatesdon’tregretspendingtimeonstudies.Theyarefindingthatthingsarechangingfast.Newdevelopmentareoccurringinallfields.Formany,graduatestudyhasbecomeanecessity.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15个小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATopAfter-schoolProgramsinNYC TheArtFarmAnimalloversgethands-ontimewithturtles(乌龟),rabbitsandbeardeddragonswhilelearningscienceskillssuchasclassification.Babies(andcaregivers)alsohangoutwithvariouscreaturesinRocksandAnimals,amommy-and-meclassthatcombinesanimalvisitswithmusicandstories.Ifyourkidshowsinterestincooking,considertheFarmFoodiesCookingClass.Ages14months~8years.SciTechKidsTrainedscientistsandengineersanswerstudents’questionslike“Howwouldasuperhero’sheartbedifferentfromanormalhuman’sheart?”or“Can3-Dprintersbeusedtohelpsavetheenvironment?”inSciTechKidsclasses.Offeringsinclude“SciTechExplorers”wherestudentscandiscovernaturalphenomenaand“SciTechInvestigators”forstudentswhoarecuriousaboutwhatisgoingonwithinthefield.Ages3~15.JCCManhattanEnjoyatraditionalafter-schoolprogramexperience,completewithcreativeplay,homeworkhelpandtastysnacks.Kidslookingforextraactivitiescanalsosignupforspecialcourses(atanadditionalfee),whichincludekungfuforenergetickidsandcoding(编码)classesthatuseMinecraft.There’realsocoursesthatteachswimmingtechniquestoalllevelsofswimmers.Ages4~11.MoMathMathematicsmaybeaserioussubjectinatypicalclassroom,butMoMathteachesthesubjectinafreshandexcitingway.Throughweeklycoursesthatarebrokendownbyexperiencelevel,theprogramcoversthesubject’swonderfultopics.Parentsmustfilloutanapplicationfortheirchildtobeconsidered.Gradesl~12.21.Whichprogramoffersthechancetolearncookingskills?A.MoMath.B.SciTechKids.C.TheArtFarm.D.JCCManhattan.22.WhatrequiresanextrafeeatJCCManhattan?A.Takingkungfuclasses.B.Usinga3-Dprinter.C.Eatingdelicioussnacks.D.Seekinghomeworkhelp.23.WhatmakesMoMathdifferentfromtraditionalclassesatschool?A.Itswayofteaching.B.Itswiderangeoftopics.C.Itsneedofcertainexperience.D.Itsrequirementforparents’company.【答案】21.C22.A23.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几个纽约顶尖的课后项目活动。 【21题详解】细节理解题。根据TheArtFarm中“Ifyourkidshowsinterestincooking,considertheFarmFoodiesCookingClass.Ages14months~8years.”（如果你的孩子对烹饪感兴趣，可以考虑参加农场美食家烹饪班。年龄14个月~8岁。）可知，TheArtFarm这个项目提供学习烹饪技巧的机会。故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据JCCManhattan中“Kidslookingforextraactivitiescanalsosignupforspecialcourses(atanadditionalfee),whichincludekungfuforenergetickidsandcoding(编码)classesthatuseMinecraft.”（想要参加额外活动的孩子也可以报名参加特别课程（需要额外付费），其中包括针对精力充沛的孩子的功夫课程，以及使用《我的世界》（Minecraft）的编程课程。）可知，参加功夫课程会涉及额外收费。故选A项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据MoMath中“Mathematicsmaybeaserioussubjectinatypicalclassroom,butMoMathteachesthesubjectinafreshandexcitingway.”（在一个典型的教室里，数学可能是一门严肃的学科，但莫马斯以一种新鲜而令人兴奋的方式教授这门学科。）可推知，MoMath与学校的传统课程的不同之处是它的教学方式。故选A项。BDonatellaFlickwasthewinnerofthecompetition’s17thpart.Shewantedtofindyoungconductorsatthebeginningoftheircareersandmakesuretheyhadtoolstoenablethemnottogiveupuntiltheysucceed.“It’ssoimportanttotrainyoungtalentsandgivethemtheopportunitiestosucceed,”shesaid,reflectingonfoundingtheDonatellaFlickConductingCompetition33yearsago.Thatwaswhy,sheemphasized,theprizewentbeyondthecashaward—whichwasahealthy£15,000—andofferedthewinnertheopportunitytoassisttheLondonSymphonyOrchestra(LSO)forayear.Theycouldworkwithsomeoftheworld’sfinestconductorsandlayfoundationsforasuccessfulconductingcareer.FlickwasbornPrincessDonatellaMissikoff.Since1917,Flickhassuccessfullybuiltacareerandreputationasanartist.Shenoworganizescharitablefoundationsandprojectallovertheworld.WiththeCompetition,shewasmotivatedbyfindingmoretalentsinunexpectedplaces—beforediversityandinclusionspreadthroughdifferentindustriesasnew“buzzwords”.“Onewaytodothiswastobroadentherangeforapplications,soweopenedupentriestoconductorsfromIceland,Liechtenstein,NorwayandSwitzerlandin2018.Sincethen,I’vebeenverypleasedtoseeconductorsfromthosecountriesreachthelistofcompetitors,”shesaid.“OneofthemajorchangesthatI’vebeenveryhappytoseeisthatmorewomenareapplyingfortheCompetitionnowthanwhenwestartedin1990,andIhopethiscontinuesinfuturecompetitions.” Inviewofthefactthatonlyfourofthe20conductors—thatwas20percent—whoqualifiedforthe2023competitionwerewomen,itwasclearthatagenderimbalancepersisted.“Ithinkwehaveanewgenerationoffemaleconductorsemerging,andIwoulddeeplyencouragethemtoapplytotheCompetitionifthey’reatthestartoftheircareers,”Flicksaid,stillhopeful.24.WhydidFlickfoundtheConductingCompetition?A.Tobecomefamous.B.Tocontinueherfamilytradition.C.Totrainthefuturestarsofconducting.D.Topromotethefinestconductors’careers.25.HowdidFlickhelpyoungconductors?A.Byintroducingthemtosomeworld-classorchestras.B.Bysupportingthemfinancially.C.Byequippingthemwithconductingtools.D.Byprovidingmoreopportunitiesforthem.26.WhatmajorchangedoestheConductingCompetitionbring?A.Therangeforapplicationsisbroadenedeveryyear.B.Morefemalesintendtotakepartinitnow.C.Youthsworldwideengagethemselvesinconducting.D.Malesaccountfor80%ofthequalifiedconductors.27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeFlick?A.Kindandambitious.B.Generousandbrave.C.Sensibleandcreative.D.Energeticandproductive.【答案】24.C25.D26.B27.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了DonatellaFlick指挥大赛的创始人DonatellaFlick创办比赛的故事，包括她的初衷和想法，以及比赛提倡的理念、带来的变化等。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段““It’ssoimportanttotrainyoungtalentsandgivethemtheopportunitiestosucceed,”shesaid,reflectingonfoundingtheDonatellaFlickConductingCompetition33yearsago.(“培养年轻人才，给他们成功的机会是非常重要的，”她回忆起33年前创办DonatellaFlick指挥大赛的经历。)”可知，Flick创办指挥大赛是为了培养未来的指挥之星。故选C项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thatwaswhy,sheemphasized,theprizewentbeyondthecashaward—whichwasa healthy£15,000—andofferedthewinnertheopportunitytoassisttheLondonSymphonyOrchestra(LSO)forayear.Theycouldworkwithsomeoftheworld’sfinestconductorsandlayfoundationsforasuccessfulconductingcareer.(她强调，这就是为什么奖金不仅限于现金奖励——可观的1.5万英镑，还为获奖者提供了协助伦敦交响乐团一年的机会。他们可以与一些世界上最优秀的指挥家合作，为成功的指挥生涯奠定基础。)”可知，Flick通过为年轻指挥家提供了更多的机会去帮助他们获得成功。故选D项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“OneofthemajorchangesthatI’vebeenveryhappytoseeisthatmorewomenareapplyingfortheCompetitionnowthanwhenwestartedin1990,andIhopethiscontinuesinfuturecompetitions.(我很高兴看到的一个主要变化是，与1990年比赛开始时相比，现在有更多的女性申请参加比赛，我希望这种情况在未来的比赛中继续下去。)”可知，这项指挥比赛带来的一个主要变化是现在有更多的女性打算参与其中。故选B项。【27题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，并结合第一段中“Shewantedtofindyoungconductorsatthebeginningoftheircareersandmakesuretheyhadtoolstoenablethemnottogiveupuntiltheysucceed.(她希望在年轻指挥家的职业生涯开始时就找到他们，并确保他们有手段使他们在成功之前不会放弃。)”和第四段中“Shenoworganizescharitablefoundationsandprojectallovertheworld.(她现在在世界各地组织慈善基金会和项目。)”可知，Flick创办了指挥大赛，希望帮助年轻指挥家取得职业成功，而且她积极投身慈善活动。由此可知，她为人善良而且富有抱负。故选A项。CHowdoyoucreatelotsofaffordablehousingwithlimitedmaterials,labor,andotherresources?OnegroupofresearchersattheUniversityofMainehascomeupwithasolution:hookupa3Dprinter.TheUnitedStatesfacesrisingrentsandhousingshortages,butMainehasitsownuniquechallenges:Thestateneedsanotherestimated20,000homestomeetthecurrentdemandforlow-incomehousing.Italsohastheoldestaveragepopulationinthenation,withamedianageof44.7,anissuethatexacerbatesthestate’slaborshortage.BioHome3D,theprototype(样品房),wasthefirst3D-printedhomemadeentirelyoforganic,renewablematerials.Itis600squarefeetintotal,withamodernroofandawidefrontporch.Theinteriorcontainsanopen-conceptkitchen,living,anddiningareawithwoodenwallsandtallwindows.Thesinglebedroomdoublesasanoffice,andabathroomcompletesthespace.Thematerialsusedtomanufacturethe3D-printedhomealsohelpaddressanotherissueinMaine:theshuttingofseveralpaperfactoriesthatonceprocessedbyproductsfromlocalsawmills(锯木厂).Daghersaid,“Weaskedourselves,couldweprintahomewiththatmaterial?”Theanswer,thusfar,hasbeen yes.Theprototype,whichwasshownonNov.21attheUniversityofMaine’sOronocampus,isnowundergoingteststoseehowthebuildingfaresduringMaine’sharshwinters.ThoughDagher’slabisnotthefirstto3Dprintahouse,theyarethefirsttousea3Dprintertocreatetheentiretyofthestructure,aswellasthefirsttousereusablematerials.“There’salotofpotential,notonlytosolveacrisisinMaine,buttoassistinasolutiontothehousingcrisisnationallyaswell,”hesaid.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exacerbates”inparagraph2mean?A.Suffers.B.Solves.C.Worsens.D.Eases.29.WhatcanbelearntaboutBioHome3D?A.Itisthefirst3D-printedhouse.B.Itisenvironmentallyfriendly.C.Itispoorlyequipped.D.Itismass-produced.30.Whichaspectofthe3D-printedhomedoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Itsstructure.B.Itsconstruction.C.Itsapplication.D.Itscontribution.31.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.3D-printedHouses—KillTwoBirdsWithOneStoneB.3D-printedHouses—NoSweetIsWithoutSweatC.3D-printedHouses—WellBegunIsHalfDoneD.3D-printedHouses—EasierSaidThanDone【答案】28.C29.B30.D31.A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了3D打印房屋利用有限的材料、劳动力和其他资源创造大量的社会福利住房，而且还有助于解决缅因州的另一个问题：关闭几家曾经加工当地锯木厂副产品的造纸厂。【28题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句子“Italsohastheoldestaveragepopulationinthenation,withamedianageof44.7,anissuethatexacerbatesthestate’slaborshortage.(该州还拥有全美最老的平均年龄，中位数为44.7岁，这一问题加剧了该州的劳动力短缺。)”可知，该州拥有全美国最老的平均年龄，即老龄化问题严重，这会导致劳动力短缺，即加剧劳动力短缺的问题，由此可推知，划线单词exacerbates，意为“加剧”，与C项“Worsens.(加剧；使变得更糟)”意思一样，故选C。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“BioHome3D,theprototype(样品房),wasthefirst3D-printedhomemadeentirelyoforganic,renewablematerials.(BioHome3D的原型是第一个完全用有机可再生材料制作的3D打印家 居。)”可知，BioHome3D是环保的，故选B。【30题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Thematerialsusedtomanufacturethe3D-printedhomealsohelpaddressanotherissueinMaine:theshuttingofseveralpaperfactoriesthatonceprocessedbyproductsfromlocalsawmills(锯木厂).(用于制造3D打印房屋的材料也有助于解决缅因州的另一个问题：关闭几家曾经加工当地锯木厂副产品的造纸厂。)”可知，第四段主要讨论了3D打印房屋的好处，即对解决缅因州所做的贡献，故选D。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Howdoyoucreatelotsofaffordablehousingwithlimitedmaterials,labor,andotherresources?OnegroupofresearchersattheUniversityofMainehascomeupwithasolution:hookupa3Dprinter.(何用有限的材料、劳动力和其他资源创造大量的社会福利住房？缅因大学的一组研究人员想出了一个解决方案：连接一台3D打印机。)”，第三段中“BioHome3D,theprototype(样品房),wasthefirst3D-printedhomemadeentirelyoforganic,renewablematerials.(BioHome3D的原型是第一个完全用有机可再生材料制作的3D打印家居。)”和第四段“Thematerialsusedtomanufacturethe3D-printedhomealsohelpaddressanotherissueinMaine:theshuttingofseveralpaperfactoriesthatonceprocessedbyproductsfromlocalsawmills(锯木厂).(用于制造3D打印房屋的材料也有助于解决缅因州的另一个问题：关闭几家曾经加工当地锯木厂副产品的造纸厂。)”可知，文章主要介绍了3D打印房屋利用有限的材料、劳动力和其他资源创造大量的社会福利住房，而且还有助于解决缅因州的另一个问题：关闭几家曾经加工当地锯木厂副产品的造纸厂。所以说3D打印房屋是一石二鸟之计，A项“3D打印房屋——一石二鸟”适合做文章标题，故选A。DAnowl(猫头鹰)namedFlacoescapedNewYork’sCentralParkZoolastweekafterhiscagewasbroken.Thissetoffabird-huntofpoliceofficersandparkrangers(护林员).ZooofficialsworriedthatFlaco,whohadbeenkeptinhiszoocagefor13years,mayhavelostthesurvivalabilitiesheneededinthewild.Theyplacedsomeofhisfavoritetreatsintheopenairtoattempttotraphim.Flacowasnotfooled.Instead,hewassightedflyingover5thAvenue,andCentralPark’sskatingrink.AnumberofNewYorkersstampedintoCentralParktotrytocatchaglimpseofFlaco,takingphotoswithexcitement.Butthisweek,zooofficialsannouncedtheyacceptedthatFlacoremainedinCentralParkbecausehehadbeenseenbringingupbonesandfurfromthepark’sabundantcommunityofrats.“Hehasbeenverysuccessfulathuntingandconsumingtheabundantratsinthepark.”zooofficialstoldtheNewYorkPost.“Andthat’samazing.He’shuntingonhisown.He’sflyingbetter.Flacoreallyseemstobeenjoyinghimselfoutthere.” Thereisacautionattachedtothisstoryofanowlwhoismakingitonhisowninthecitythatneversleeps.Owlsarenocturnal.Theygoaroundsearchingforfoodatnight.Theysleepduringtheday,ortryto,likelotsofpeoplewhoworktheovernightshift.YetsomeNewYorkerswhodon’tknowproperbird-watchingbehaviorreportedlyseeFlacosleepinatreeduringtheday,andbegintoshoutathim.Itinterruptshissleep.Flacocan’ttrytosay“shh,shh”withthetraditionalNewYorkreply.Afterall,abirdcan’tgivesomeonethebird.32.WhywerezooofficialsconcernedaboutFlaco’sabilitytosurvive?A.Becausehisfavouritefoodwastoolittle.B.Becausehemightbeattackedbypolice.C.Becausehiscagewasseverelydamaged.D.Becausehewaskeptinhiscageforlong.33.WhatcanweinferaboutFlacofromthethirdparagraph?A.Hehasadaptedtothewild.B.Hehasfoundhisprevioushome.C.Hestillfacesgreatchallenges.D.Hedislikestheratsinthepark.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nocturnal”inparagraph4mean?A.Scary-looking.B.Shyandquiet.C.Activeatnight.D.Badly-behaved.35.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetotheinterruptiontoFlaco’ssleep?A.Cautious.B.Favorable.C.Ambiguous.D.Disapproving.【答案】32.D33.A34.C35.D【解析】【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章报道了猫头鹰弗拉科从纽约中央公园动物园的围栏中逃了出来。在躲过了各种救援尝试后，弗拉科已经很好地适应了他宽敞的新家——他可能会一直呆在那里。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“ZooofficialsworriedthatFlaco,whohadbeenkeptinhiszoocagefor13years,mayhavelostthesurvivalabilitiesheneededinthewild.（动物园官员担心，在动物园笼子里被关了13年的弗拉科可能已经失去了在野外生存所需的能力。）”可知，因为他被关在笼子里太久了所以动物园官员担心弗拉科的生存能力。故选D。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Butthisweek,zooofficialsannouncedtheyacceptedthatFlacoremainedinCentralParkbecausehehadbeenseenbringingupbonesandfurfromthepark’sabundantcommunityofrats.‘Hehasbeenverysuccessfulathuntingandconsumingtheabundantratsinthepark.’zooofficialstoldtheNewYorkPost. ‘Andthat’samazing.He’shuntingonhisown.He’sflyingbetter.Flacoreallyseemstobeenjoyinghimselfoutthere.’（但本周，动物园官员宣布，他们接受Flaco留在中央公园，因为有人看到它从公园里大量的老鼠群落中叼来骨头和皮毛。“他在猎捕和吃掉公园里大量的老鼠方面非常成功。动物园官员告诉《纽约邮报》。“这太神奇了。他在独自打猎。他飞得好多了。弗拉科似乎在那里玩得很开心。”）”可知，从第三段可以推断弗拉科已经适应了野外环境。故选A。【34题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段划线词后“Theygoaroundsearchingforfoodatnight.Theysleepduringtheday,ortryto,likelotsofpeoplewhoworktheovernightshift.（它们在夜间四处寻找食物。他们白天睡觉，或者试着睡觉，就像很多上夜班的人一样。）”可知，猫头鹰是夜行动物，划线词是在夜晚活跃的。故选C。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“YetsomeNewYorkerswhodon’tknowproperbird-watchingbehaviorreportedlyseeFlacosleepinatreeduringtheday,andbegintoshoutathim.Itinterruptshissleep.Flacocan’ttrytosay“shh,shh”withthetraditionalNewYorkreply.Afterall,abirdcan’tgivesomeonethebird.（然而，据报道，一些不知道正确观鸟行为的纽约人看到Flaco白天在树上睡觉，就开始对它大喊大叫。它打断了他的睡眠。弗拉科不能用传统的纽约人的回答说“嘘，嘘”。）”可知，作者对弗拉科睡眠被打断的态度是不同意的。故选D。第二节(共5个小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Timetomakelemonadeoutoflife’slemonsWhenyouhaveanunexpectedlockdownstaringatyou,takeitonedayatatime.Insteadofgettingboggeddownbythethought,takeeachofthosedaysasanopportunitytobuildnewskills,explorehobbiesanddothingsyou’vealwayswantedto.____36____.1.Giveyourhouseamakeover____37____?Withalockdowninfullprogress,thismaybeagoodtimetogiveyourhomeafreshnewlook.Changethecurtains,moveyourtables,chairsandsofasaroundthehousetotryoutnewcombinations.Besidesburninggoodcalories,thisactivitycouldhelpyouhittheresetbuttonandletyouescapetheboredomofsame-old.2____38____Thereareatleasthalfadozenpeople,atanygivenpointoftimethatyouneedtocallback.Anelderlyaunt,thatslightlytouchyfriend,oryourformercolleague—youreallymeanttocallthemback,but...youknowhowitis.Thisisagoodtimetofindouthowyourfriendsandfamilyaredoing.Spreadthewarmthandstaybonded.3.Findthebookworminyou Thisisano-brainertobehonest.Besidesbeingagreatentertainer,thiscanbeagreatuseofyourme-time,simplybecauseyouwillenhanceyourknowledgeofpeople,society,historyandculture.____39____.4.TrydigitalhousekeepingYourhomemaybetidyandinorder,butyourdigitallifeisamess:photosalloutofplace,themusicfromgod-knows-when,oldtextfilesthatneedtobecleanedup.____40____.Mostimportantly,youneedtochangeyourpasswordsandkeepthemsafe.A.Beasocialbutterfly—onthephoneB.HereisalistofideasforyoutoexploreC.Also,researchsuggeststhatreadingkeepsyousmarterD.UsedtothecommonsettingofyourroutineworkplaceE.Therefore,youaresupposedtofinishthefollowingthingsF.NottomentionasystembackupandanupdateofyouroperatingsystemG.Tiredofseeingthesameoldseating/diningarrangements,dayin,dayout【答案】36.B37.G38.A39.C40.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要向读者推荐一些疫情期间被封在家里时可以做的事情。【36题详解】根据上文“Whenyouhaveanunexpectedlockdownstaringatyou,takeitonedayatatime.Insteadofgettingboggeddownbythethought,takeeachofthosedaysasanopportunitytobuildnewskills,explorehobbiesanddothingsyou’vealwayswantedto.”（当你被一种意想不到的封锁盯着时，慢慢来。不要被这些想法所困，把每一天都当作一个机会，去学习新技能，探索爱好，做你一直想做的事情。）提到了当你被封锁的时候，可以利用这个封锁的机会，学习新技能，探索爱好，做你一直想做的事情。同时结合下文提到的具体的方法，可知，空处应承上启下，引出下文的建议。选项B.“以下是一个想法列表供你探索。”符合题意，故选B。【37题详解】根据下文“Withalockdowninfullprogress,thismaybeagoodtimetogiveyourhomeafreshnewlook.”（在全面封锁的情况下，这可能是一个让你的家焕然一新的好时机。）可知，封锁会提供给你一个改善家里陈设的机会，让其面目一新。因此可推知，空处提到的问题应是对家里的陈设是否已经厌倦了。选项G.“厌倦了日复一日地看到同样的座位/用餐安排”，讲述了厌倦了日复一日不变的家庭陈设，符合题意，故选G。【38题详解】 根据下文“Thisisagoodtimetofindouthowyourfriendsandfamilyaredoing.Spreadthewarmthandstaybonded.”（这是了解你的朋友和家人过得怎么样的好时机。传递温暖，保持联系。）可知，本段主要讲述要和朋友、家人保持联系，进而利用这种联系向他们传递温暖。因此，标题应提及联系的方式。选项A.“做一个交际花——在电话上”，提到了通过电话可以和朋友、家人获得联系，符合题意，故选A。【39题详解】根据上文“Thisisano-brainertobehonest.Besidesbeingagreatentertainer,thiscanbeagreatuseofyourme-time,simplybecauseyouwillenhanceyourknowledgeofpeople,society,historyandculture.”（老实说，这是显而易见的。除了成为一个伟大的艺人，这也可以很好地利用你的自我时间，因为你可以增强你对人、社会、历史和文化的知识。）和本段标题，可知本段主要讲述阅读的好处，所以空处应承接上文，讲述阅读带来的好处。选项C.“此外，研究表明阅读能让你更聪明。”表明了阅读会让你更聪明。符合题意，故选C。【40题详解】本段标题“Trydigitalhousekeeping”（尝试数字化家政服务）同时根据上文“Yourhomemaybetidyandinorder,butyourdigitallifeisamess:photosalloutofplace,themusicfromgod-knows-when,oldtextfilesthatneedtobecleanedup.”（你的家可能整洁有序，但你的数字生活却是一团糟：照片到处乱放，音乐不知从何时开始，旧文本文件需要清理。）讲述了家庭中缺少数字化存在的问题，所以空处应承接前文，讲述问题的其它情形。选项F.“更不用说系统备份和操作系统更新了。”可知，数据上要进行整理和更新，承上启下，符合题意，故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15个小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Wehavenoideawhatthejobmarketwilllooklikein2050.Itisgenerallyagreedthatmachinelearningandroboticswill____41____almosteverylineofwork—fromproducingyoghurttoteachingyoga.____42____,thereareconflictingviewsaboutthenatureofthechangeanditsurgency.Somebelievethatwithinonlyadecadeortwo,billionsofpeoplewillbecome____43____redundant(多余的).Othersthinkthat,eveninthelongrun____44____willkeepcreatingnewjobsandwillprovidegreaterfutureforall.So,arewereallyfacingaterrifyingsuddenchange,oraresuch____45____meanttoattractpeople’sattention?Itishardtosay.Fearsthatautomationwillcreateconsiderable____46____gobacktothe19’century,andsofartheyhavenevercometrue.SincethebeginningoftheIndustrialRevolution,foreveryjoblosttoamachineatleastonenewjobwas____47____,andtheaveragestandardoflivinghasincreasedgreatly. Yet,therearegoodreasonstothinkthatthistimeisdifferent,andthatmachinelearningwillbeareal____48____.Humanshavetwotypesofabilities—physicalandcognitive(认知的).Inthepast,machinescompetedwithhumansmainlyin____49____abilities,whilehumansstillhadagreatadvantageovermachinesincognitive._____50_____,asphysicaljobsinagricultureandindustrywereautomated,newservicejobsappearedthatrequiredthekindofcognitiveskillsonlyhumanspossess.Theyincludelearning,_____51_____,communicatingand,aboveallelse,understandinghumanemotions.However,AIisnowbeginningto_____52_____humansinmoreandmoreoftheseskills,includingtheunderstandingofhumanemotions.Wedon’tknowofanythirdfieldofactivity—beyondthephysicalandthecognitive—wherehumanswillalwayshaveasecure_____53_____.ItisimportanttorealizethatAIrevolutionisnotjustaboutcomputersgettingfasterandsmarter.Itisalsoonethatisbeing_____54_____byourbreakthroughsinthelifesciencesandthesocialsciencesaswell.Thebetterweunderstandthebiochemicalmechanisms(机制)thatsupporthumandesiresandchoices,thebettercomputerscanbecomeatanalyzinghumanemotions,predictinghumandecisions,and_____55_____humandrivers,bankersandlawyers.41.A.carveB.changeC.replaceD.threaten42.A.BesidesB.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Likewise43.A.economicallyB.psychologicallyC.environmentallyD.socially44.A.urbanizationB.cooperationC.competitionD.automation45.A.outcomesB.forecastsC.excusesD.reflections46.A.damageB.emergencyC.productionD.unemployment47.A.dumpedB.shelvedC.createdD.testified48.A.trouble-makerB.time-saverC.game-changerD.truth-seeker49.A.physicalB.mentalC.socialD.mathematical50.A.BycontrastB.ForexampleC.AsaresultD.Inaddition51.A.analyzingB.copyingC.walkingD.measuring52.A.goinforB.makedowithC.turnawayfromD.catchupwith53.A.environmentB.connectionC.estimationD.advantage54.A.dampenedB.definedC.fueledD.doubted55.A.appealingB.replacingC.standardizingD.diversifying【答案】41.B42.B43.A44.D45.B46.D47.C48.C49.A50.C51.A52.D53.D54.C55.B【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了科技发展人工智能对于就业带来的影响。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们普遍认为，机器学习和机器人技术将改变几乎每一项工作——从生产酸奶到教授瑜伽。A.carve雕刻；B.change改变；C.replace取代；D.threaten威胁。根据下文“thereareconflictingviewsaboutthenatureofthechangeanditsurgency(关于变革的性质及其紧迫性，存在着相互矛盾的观点)”可知，这里说的是机器人给每项工作带来的改变，故选B项。【42题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，关于变革的性质及其紧迫性，存在着相互矛盾的观点。A.Besides此外；B.However然而；C.Therefore因此；D.Likewise同样地。根据下文“thereareconflictingviewsaboutthenatureofthechangeanditsurgency(关于变革的性质及其紧迫性，存在着相互矛盾的观点)”可知，这里使用However表转折符合句意，故选B项。【43题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：有人认为，只要再过10年或20年，数十亿人将在经济上变得多余。A.economically经济上；B.psychologically心理上地；C.environmentally与环境有关地；D.socially社会上。根据下文“Fearsthatautomationwillcreateconsiderable____6____gobacktothe19’century(自动化将造成大量失业的担忧可以追溯到19世纪)”可知，这里说的是，自动化会造成大量失业，所以是经济上的多余，故选A项。【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他人认为，即使从长远来看，自动化也将继续创造新的就业机会，并为所有人提供更好的未来。A.urbanization城市化；B.cooperation合作；C.competition竞争；D.automation自动化。根据上文“Fearsthatautomationwillcreateconsiderable____6____gobacktothe19’century,andsofartheyhavenevercometrue(对自动化将造成大量失业的担忧可以追溯到19世纪，但到目前为止，这些担忧从未实现。)”可知，这里要说的是机器自动化会创造新的就业就会，故选D项。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那么，我们真面临着可怕的突然变化吗？还是这样的预测是为了吸引人们的注意力？A.outcomes结果；B.forecasts预测；C.excuses借口；D.reflections反映。根据上文“Somebelievethatwithinonlyadecadeortwo,billionsofpeoplewillbecome____3____redundant(多余的).Othersthinkthat,eveninthelongrun____4____willkeepcreatingnewjobsandwillprovidegreaterfutureforall.（一些人认为，在短短的一二十年内，数十亿人将在社会上变得多余。其他人认为，即使从长远来看，自动化也将继续创造新的就业机会，并为所有人提供更好的未来。）”可知，这里说的是上文中的这些预测是真的吗？故选B项。 【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对自动化将造成大量失业的担忧可以追溯到19世纪，但到目前为止，这些担忧从未实现。A.damage损害；B.emergency紧急情况；C.production生产；D.unemployment失业。根据上文“Somebelievethatwithinonlyadecadeortwo,billionsofpeoplewillbecome____3____redundant(多余的).(一些人认为，在短短的一二十年内，数十亿人将在社会上变得多余。)”可知，这里说的是自动化会造成失业，故选D项。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自工业革命开始以来，机器每失去一个工作岗位，就至少创造了一个新的工作岗位，平均生活水平大大提高。A.dumped倾倒；B.shelved搁置；C.created创造；D.testified证明。根据上文“Othersthinkthat,eveninthelongrun____4____willkeepcreatingnewjobsandwillprovidegreaterfutureforall.(其他人认为，即使从长远来看，自动化也将继续创造新的就业机会，并为所有人提供更好的未来。)”可知，这里说的是失去一个工作岗位的同时就会创造一个新的工作岗位，故选C项。【48题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，有充分的理由认为，这一次不同了，机器学习将真正改变游戏规则。A.trouble-maker麻烦制造者；B.time-saver节省时间者；C.game-changer力挽狂澜者；D.truth-seeker寻求真相者。根据上文“Yet,therearegoodreasonstothinkthatthistimeisdifferent”可知，这里要说的是改变游戏规则，人工智能在很多方面开始赶上人类，故选C项。【49题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：过去，机器主要在身体能力上与人类竞争，而人类在认知能力上仍比机器有很大优势。A.physical身体的；B.mental心理的；C.social社交的；D.mathematical数学的。根据下文“whilehumansstillhadagreatadvantageovermachinesincognitive(而人类在认知能力上仍比机器有很大优势)”可知，这里说的是机器主要在身体能力上与人类竞争，故选A项。【50题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：因此，随着农业和工业中的体力工作实现自动化，出现了新的服务性工作，这些工作需要只有人类才能拥有的那种认知技能。A.Bycontrast相比较而言；B.Forexample例如；C.Asaresult因此；D.Inaddition另外。结合上下句的句意可知，此处使用Asaresult“因此”来构成因果关系，符合句意，故选C项。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们包括学习、分析、交流，最重要的是理解人类的情感。A.analyzing分析；B.copying复制；C.walking散步；D.measuring测量。根据上文“whilehumansstillhadagreatadvantageovermachinesincognitive(而人类在认知能力上仍比机器有很大优势)”可知，这里要说的是一种认知能 力，analyzing“分析”符合句意，故选A项。【52题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然而，人工智能现在开始在越来越多的这些技能上赶上人类，包括对人类情绪的理解。A.goinfor对……感兴趣；B.makedowith凑合着用；C.turnawayfrom厌恶；D.catchupwith赶上。根据上文“Inthepast,machinescompetedwithhumansmainlyin____9____abilities,whilehumansstillhadagreatadvantageovermachinesincognitive.(过去，机器主要在身体能力上与人类竞争，而人类在认知能力上仍比机器有很大优势。)”可知，现在人工智能在这些认知能力上也开始赶上人类，故选D项。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们不知道除了身体和认知之外，还有任何第三个活动领域会让人类始终拥有安全的优势。A.environment环境；B.connection连接；C.estimation评价；D.advantage优势。根据上文“Humanshavetwotypesofabilities—physicalandcognitive(认知的).Inthepast,machinescompetedwithhumansmainlyin____9____abilities,whilehumansstillhadagreatadvantageovermachinesincognitive.(人类拥有两种能力——身体的和认知的。过去，机器主要在身体能力上与人类竞争，而人类在认知能力上仍比机器有很大优势。)”可知，这里说的是没有第三种优势，故选D项。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这也是由我们在生命科学和社会科学方面的突破所推动的。A.dampened依靠；B.defined下定义；C.fueled加强；D.doubted怀疑。根据下文“Thebetterweunderstandthebiochemicalmechanisms(机制)thatsupporthumandesiresandchoices,thebettercomputerscanbecomeatanalyzinghumanemotions,predictinghumandecisions,and____15____humandrivers,bankersandlawyers.(我们越是了解支持人类欲望和选择的生化机制，计算机就越能更好地分析人类情绪，预测人类决策，并取代人类司机、银行家和律师。)”可知，这里说的是生命科学和社会科学的突破推动了计算机的发展，故选C项。【55题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们越是了解支持人类欲望和选择的生化机制，计算机就越能更好地分析人类情绪，预测人类决策，并取代人类司机、银行家和律师。A.appealing呼吁；B.replacing取代；C.standardizing使标准化；D.diversifying多样化。根据上文“Thebetterweunderstandthebiochemicalmechanisms(机制)thatsupporthumandesiresandchoices,thebettercomputerscanbecomeatanalyzinghumanemotions,predictinghumandecisions(我们越是了解支持人类欲望和选择的生化机制，计算机就越能更好地分析人类情绪，预测人类决策)”可知，计算机能够分析人类情绪，预测人类决策进而会取代这些岗位，故选B项。第二节(共10个小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ithasbeenestimatedthatrapidlygrowingmodernizationisleadingtoignorancetowardstheenvironment.Humanshavecreatedasituationin____56____ordinaryeventsbecomeincreasinglyraisedtothelevelofnaturaldisasters,____57____(cause)heavylossesintermsofhumanlifeaswellasproperty.Overtheyears,scientistsresearchingonthistopic____58____(find)thatthemainproblemisglobalwarming.Butbecause____59____humangreed,nooneisreallycaringabouttheenvironmentalrisksandeveryoneisbusymakingmoney.Itisknownthattherapidindustrialgrowthhasledto____60____largenumberofairandwaterpollutionproblems.Thoughthereareenvironmentallawsthatthese____61____(industry)needtofollowtotreatthewastebutmostofthetimetheindustryownersignoretheselawsfortheirpersonalgain.Rapidconstructionhasledtolargelandareasbeingcoveredwithcement(水泥),meaningtheflowofwaterbecomessostrong____62____waterrunoffcan’tgetabsorbedbythesoil,eventuallyleadingtogreaterflooding.____63____(fortunate),therearestillalotofpeoplewhoreallycareabouttheenvironmentandare____64____(will)toworkonenvironmentalissues.Manysocietiesandgroupsareworkingdayandnight_____65_____(make)peopleawareoftheharmfuleffectsofthepollutionandotherpracticesthatareharmfultoourenvironment.【答案】56.which57.causing58.havefound59.of60.a61.industries62.that63.Fortunately64.willing65.tomake【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。快速发展的现代化正在导致对环境的破坏。本文主要分析了环境问题产生的原因。【56题详解】考查定语从句。句意：人类已经造成了一种情况，在这种情况下，普通事件越来越多地上升到自然灾害的程度，造成了人类生命和财产的重大损失。分析句子可知，空格处应填入定语从句的引导词。先行词是situation，表示抽象地点，定语从句用“in+关系代词which”引导，相当于where。故填which。【57题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作状语。根据句意，此处作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词。故填causing。【58题详解】考查动词的时态。句意：多年来，研究这一主题的科学家们发现，主要问题是全球变暖。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。根据句中时间状语Overtheyears可知，此处应用现在完成时态，主语scientists为复数。故填havefound。59题详解】考查介词。句意：但由于人类的贪婪，没有人真正关心环境风险，每个人都忙于赚钱。becauseof是固定搭配，意为“由于；因为”。故填of。【60题详解】考查冠词。句意：众所周知，工业的快速增长导致了大量的空气和水污染问题。alargenumberof是固定短语，意为“大量的”，故用不定冠词a。故填a。【61题详解】考查名词的数。句意：尽管这些行业需要遵守环境法来处理废物，但大多数时候，行业所有者为了个人利益而无视这些法律。根据空格前的these可知，此处应填名词复数形式。故填industries。【62题详解】考查状语从句。句意：快速的建设导致大片土地被水泥覆盖，这意味着水流变得如此强劲，以至于径流无法被土壤吸收，最终导致更大的洪水。分析句子可知，此处为“so+形容词+that引导的结果状语从句”句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填that。【63题详解】考查副词。句意：幸运的是，仍然有很多人真正关心环境，并愿意致力于环境问题。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词作状语。根据句意，此处指“幸运地”，应用fortunately，置于句首首字母应大写。故填Fortunately。【64题详解】考查形容词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作表语。bewillingtodosth.是固定短语，意为“乐意做某事”。故填willing。【65题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：许多社会和团体夜以继日地工作，让人们意识到污染和其他对环境有害的做法的有害影响。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作状语。根据句意，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填tomake。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节：应用文写作(满分15分)66.假定你是李华，在生日来临之际你收到了美国网友Nancy寄来的礼物。请你用英语给她回一封电子邮件，要点如下：1.礼物已收到；2.表示谢意；3.回赠礼物注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头与结尾已给，不计入总词数。DearNancy,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearNancy,Iamsohappytoreceiveyourgift.ThankyousomuchforsuchagreatcamerawithwhichIcantakemanyinterestingphotostorecordmycolorfullife.IknowyouareinterestedinChineseculture,soIhavechosenacollectionoftraditionalChinesemusicrecordsforyou.NowyoucanenjoyalotoffamousmusicplayedbydifferentuniqueinstrumentsofChinasuchasthepipa,erhuandguzheng.ThankyouagainandIhopeyouwillcometoChinaandexperiencewonderfultraditionalChinesemusicinpersonwithme.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。假定你是李华，在生日来临之际你收到了美国网友Nancy寄来的礼物。请你用英语给她回一封电子邮件，要点如下：1.礼物已收到；2.表示谢意；3.回赠礼物。 【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的：happy→pleased对……感兴趣：beinterestedin→haveaninterestin选择：choose→select亲自：inperson→personally2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：NowyoucanenjoyalotoffamousmusicplayedbydifferentuniqueinstrumentsofChinasuchasthepipa,erhuandguzheng.拓展句：NowyoucanenjoyalotoffamousmusicwhichisplayedbydifferentuniqueinstrumentsofChinasuchasthepipa,erhuandguzheng.【点睛】【高分句型1】ThankyousomuchforsuchagreatcamerawithwhichIcantakemanyinterestingphotostorecordmycolorfullife.(运用了介词+which引导的限制性定语从句)【高分句型2】ThankyouagainandIhopeyouwillcometoChinaandexperiencewonderfultraditionalChinesemusicinpersonwithme.(运用了省略that引导的宾语从句)第二节：读后续写(满分25分)67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Itwasaverycoldmorningasithadbeenrainingveryheavilythepreviousnight.Asmymotherwasfeelingalittleuncomfortable,mysistervolunteeredtodrivemetoschool.Ioversleptandasaresult,wasabitlateforschool.Wegotintothecarhurriedly.Theroadswerealreadyjammedwithtraffic.Itappearedthateveryonewaslateaswell.MysisterwasacarefuldriveranddespitethefactthatIwaslate,sherefusedtodrivefastontheslipperyroad.Iwasluckyshewassuchadeterminedandcarefulpersonbecauseafewhundredmetersawayfromtheschool,wewitnessedanaccident.Itallhappenedinaninstant,asmostaccidentsdo.Acartookaleftturningwithoutsignalingandaschoolbuscrashedintoitheavily.Afewcarsbehindtheschoolbushitthebusastheycouldnotstopintimeandsoonitbecameapile-up.Thecarwasdamagedbadlywhiletheschoolbusalsohadsomedamage.Andthealreadycrowdedroadbecamemorejammedwithvehicles,whichcametoamess.Wewantedtohelpthevictims.Mysisterdrovetoastopattheroadsidenottoofarfromtheaccidentspot.Thescenethatgreeteduswasterrible.Ifirstrushedtothecar.Thedriver,alady,laytrappedbehindthewheel,unabletomove.Threeschoolchildrenwereinthebackseat,theirfaceswhitewithfear.Twoofthemwere seriouslyhurtandbleedingfromtheheadandhands.Theywereconsciousalthoughtooweakandfrightenedtorealizewhathadhappened.Wecalledanambulanceandwhilewaiting,wetriedasmuchaspossibletohelpthevictims.Asaresultofourjointefforts,thedriverandthechildrenweremovedtosafetyandtakencareof.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Then,Irushedtothebusfilledwithchildren’scries._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Aftertheambulancehadleft,twopolicemenaskedmeabouttheaccident._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】范文ThenIrushedtotheschoolbusfilledwithchildren’scries.Insidewerethefrightenedschoolchildren.Manyofthemappearedtosufferfromminorcutsandbruisesontheirarmsandbodiesinthecrash.Thechildrenwerecryingandscreamingfortheirparents.Itwasreallyfortunatethatnobodywasbadlyhurt.Bythenafewadultsenteredthebusandtogetherweinstructedthechildrentocomeoutofthebusslowly.Wemanagedtocalmthemdown.Soon,thedoctorsinanambulancecametothescene.Aftertheambulancehadleft,twopolicemenaskedmeabouttheaccident.Theyweretakingstatementsfromeyewitnesses.MysisterandIgaveafullaccounttothepoliceofwhathadhappened.Asamatteroffact,itcouldhavebeenpreventedifthedrivershadbeenmorecareful.OfcourseIwaslateforschool,butIknewwhatIshoulddotoavoidthatwassetoffearlier.Theaccidentalsotaughtusanimportantlessonweshouldalwaysobeythetrafficrulesandkeepsafetyinmind.【解析】【导语】 本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和姐姐去学校的路上目睹了一起交通事故，一辆小汽车没有打信号就左转了，一辆校车重重地撞上了它。尽可能地帮助受害者，在他们的共同努力下，司机和孩子们被转移到安全的地方并得到照顾。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“然后我冲到充满了孩子们哭声的校车上。”可知，第一段可描写现场孩子的受伤情况，作者和其他好心人的善举。②由第二段首句内容“救护车离开后，两个警察问我事故的情况。”可知，第二段可描写作者他们向警察诉说事故的经过以及作者的感悟。2.续写线索：查看校车——查看学生情况——疏散学生——救护车到达——描述事故经过——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①叫喊：scream/yell②指示：instruct/guide③知道：know/realize情绪类①害怕的：frightenedscared②冷静：calmdown/cooldown【点睛】[高分句型1]Itwasreallyfortunatethatnobodywasbadlyhurt.(运用了it作形式主语句型，that引导主语从句)[高分句型2]MysisterandIgaveafullaccounttothepoliceofwhathadhappened.(运用了what引导宾语从句)