湖北省武汉市洪山高级中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期开学考试试题（Word版附解析）

武汉市洪山高级中学2022-2023学年度第一学期高二开学考试英语试卷试题分值：150分考试时长：120分钟第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whenwillthewomandiscussherclassprojectwiththeman?A.Tomorrow.B.Aftertoday’sclass.C.Duringtheman’sclass.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,ProfessorCarson,butIwashopingtotalktoyouaboutmyclassproject.M:Ihaveaclassinafewminutes.Whydon’tyoucomeandseemeduringofficehourstomorrow?2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inagarden.B.Inakitchen.C.Inamarket.【答案】A【解析】【原文】3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdoesthewoman'ssistergotouniversity?A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Bysubway.【答案】B【解析】【原文】4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatwastheweatherlikelastSaturday?A.Itwassunny.B.Itwasrainingallday.C.Itturnedfineintheafternoon.,【答案】C【解析】【原文】5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Heknowswhat'swrongwiththewatch.B.Thewomanneedstobuyanothernewbattery.C.Theclockshopcanprobablyrepairthewoman'swatch.【答案】C【解析】【原文】第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听第6段材料，回答小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatdidthewomandolastnight?A.Shesawafilm.B.Shewentshopping.C.Shewatchedafootballmatch.7.Whycouldn'tthemankeepintouchwiththewomanlastnight?A.Thewoman'smobilephonewasstolen.B.Thewoman'smobilephonewaspoweroff.C.Themanhadsomethingimportanttodo.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】听第7段材料，回答小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatistheweatherlikethesedays?A.Hot.B.Cold.C.Rainy.9.Whereisthetyphoonexpectedtocomefrom?A.Themainland.B.ThewesternPacific.C.Theman'scity.,10.Whenisthetyphoonlikelytocometothespeakers'city?A.Tomorrowmorning.B.Today.C.Tomorrowevening.【答案】8.A9.B10.C【解析】【原文】听第8段材料，回答小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.What'stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Doctorandpatient.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Husbandandwife.12.Whatdowelearnabouttheman?A.Themanisbadlyill.B.Themanhascaughtacold.C.Themandoesn'tlikehisjobverymuch.13.Whatdidthewomandowiththeman'strouble?A.Shepreparedsomehotwaterforhim.B.Shetoldhimtogotobed.C.Shetelephonedthedoctorimmediately.【答案】11.C12.B13.A【解析】【原文】听第9段材料，回答小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?A.Togotothepark.B.TogototheEnglishLanguageInstitute.C.TogototheKingStreet.15.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inthepark.B.Inadepartmentstore.C.Atthestation.16.Whichroadshouldshetakewhenshecomestotheendofthepark?A.Theroadontheleft.B.Theroadontheright.,C.Theroadleadingtothepark.【答案】14.B15.C16.B【解析】【原文】听第10段材料，回答小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WhenwilltheBurjDubaibecompleted?A.In2010.B.In2009.C.In2008.18.Whereisthecenterofthetallestbuildingsatpresent?A.InEuropeandtheMiddleEast.B.InNorthAmericaandAsia.C.InAsiaandtheMiddleEast.19.Whydopeoplebuildsomanytallbuildings?A.Tallbuildingsarewonderfultolookat.B.Tallbuildingsavemoreresources.CPeopleliketoliveintallbuildings.20.WhatistheheightoftheEmpireStateBuilding?A.About400meters.B.About200meters.C.About300meters.【答案】17.C18.C19.B20.A【解析】【原文】第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B,C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。A,KhanAcademyallowsyoutolearnalmostanythingforfree.Itcoverssubjectssuchasmath,physics,biology,andevencomputerscience.Therealmagicofthisappisthatyoucanlearnatyourownpace.Youcanreviewsubjectsthatyouarenotgoodat,orstartlearningasubjectyoulike.TheappisinEnglish.Ifyouwanttoseeitstranslationyoucanvisithttp://open.163.com/khan.BrainPOPmixeslearningandtechnologyinafunandsimpleway.It’sfreeandteachesyousomethingneweveryday.FromthesolarsystemtoDNA,eachtopicstartswithaninterestingcartoonmovie.Afteryou’vewatchedit,youcantakeatesttoseehowmuchyou’velearned.Udemyisa“learnondemand”websiteandapp.Itisforcareer-orientedindividualstostarttheircoursepricingat$10.99.Thisappallowsyoutheflexibilitytotakeyourtimeonacourseyoupurchaseoverthecourseofseveralmonths,withoutworryingaboutrecurring(重复的)paymentsbeforeyoufinish.Thisflexiblelearningappallowsyoutotakethingsslow,fast,oranywherein-betweenwithcompletecontrolonyourend.Duolingoisthepremierleaderinlanguageeducationforlearningapps.Youcanlearntospeak29differentlanguages,allatthetouchofabutton.You’llbeinvitedtonotonlyreadnewwords,buttospeakthem.You’lllearngrammarandconversationalstrategies.Thisapphelpsyoulearntocommunicatewithanewportionofitsinhabitants!21.Accordingtothepassage,whatappsallowyoutolearnatyourspeed?A.KhanAcademyandBrainPOP.B.UdemyandDuolingo.C.KhanAcademyandUdemy.D.BrainPOPandDuolingo.22.WhatcanDuolingoofferitsusers?A.Subjectsreviewing.B.Speakingpractice.C.Technicalsupport.D.Careertraining.23.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Tohelpfindthesuitablelearningapps.BTointroducethedevelopmentoflearningtechnology.C.Toprovidevariouslearningactivities.,D.Tocomparethedifferenceofdifferentlearningmethods.【答案】21.C22.B23.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了适合学习者的四款应用程序。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据表格第一行中“Therealmagicofthisappisthatyoucanlearnatyourownpace.(这个应用程序的真正魔力在于，你可以按照自己的节奏学习)”和表格第三行中“Thisappallowsyoutheflexibilitytotakeyourtimeonacourseyoupurchaseoverthecourseofseveralmonths,withoutworryingaboutrecurring(重复的)paymentsbeforeyoufinish.Thisflexiblelearningappallowsyoutotakethingsslow,fast,oranywherein-betweenwithcompletecontrolonyourend.(这个应用程序允许你灵活运用你的时间学习你购买的课程，在你购买的课程几个月，不用担心在你完成之前的重复付款。这个灵活的学习应用程序可以让你采取事情慢，快，或任何之间的速度完全控制你的结束)”可知，KhanAcademy和Udemy应用程序可以让你按照自己的节奏学习。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据表格最后一行“You’llbeinvitedtonotonlyreadnewwords,buttospeakthem.You’lllearngrammarandconversationalstrategies.Thisapphelpsyoulearntocommunicatewithanewportionofitsinhabitants!(你不仅会被邀请读生词，而且会说。你将学习语法和会话策略。这个应用程序帮助你学会与新的用户沟通！)”可知，Duolingo这款应用程序会给用户提供英语口语练习。故选B。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章介绍了适合学习者的四款应用程序，目的是帮助找到合适的学习应用程序。故选A。BSimoneBileswasbornin1997.Soon,herparentsfoundthatshecouldn’tsitstill.Whenshewas6yearsold,herday-caregroupwentonafieldtriptoagym.Simonelovedwatchingthegymnaststrainandperformances.Shecouldn’tjustwatchthem,though—shehadtotrytheirmoves.Shewassogoodthatoneofthecoachessentaletterhomewithher,invitingSimonetotakegymnasticsclasses.Simonelovedtheclasses,andshewasexcellentatclimbing,swinging,jumping,andtumbling(翻筋斗).Thoughshehadalottolearn,thecoachescouldhardlykeepupwithSimone.Whenonegirlperformedastandingbacktuck(翻折),Simonewassureshecoulddoonetoo.Hercoachdidn’tbelieveher,soSimonetriedthetrickandmadeitonthespot.At9,Simonelearnedwhyshecouldn’tsitstill:ShehadADHD(多动症).Herbrainmovedfastandherbody,didtoo—whichmadeithardforhertoconcentrateinschoolbutwhichalsomadeheranamazinggymnast.“Thechallengeswefacehelpdefinewhoweare,”Simonewrote.“Mychallengeisalsomysuperpower.”Simone’ssuperpowerwouldhelpmakeheroneofthemostdynamicgymnastseverseen.Simoneisoneofthegreatestathletesinhistory.Atage16,shewontwogoldmedalsattheArtisticGymnasticsWorldChampionships(AGWC),includingtheall-around(thetotalscorefromcompetinginallevents).Shehasnowwon25worldmedals,19ofthemgold.That’sthemostinworldgymnasticshistory.SimonecompetedinherfirstOlympicsin2016.ShewasthefirstfemaleU.S.gymnasttowinfourgoldmedalsinanOlympicGames.Sincethen,Simonehasdebuted(首次呈现)somemovesneversuccessfullydoneinworldcompetitions,includingadouble-doubledismount(下马)fromthebalancebeam.ThemovebecameknownastheBiles.SeveralsignaturemoveshavebeennamedafterSimone.24.WhofoundSimoneBiles’gymnasticstalent?A.Herparents.B.Atourguide.C.Agymnasticscoach.D.Herkindergartenteacher.25.WhatbroughtSimonethegiftofgymnastics?A.Adisease.B.Anaccident.C.Asuperpower.D.Afamilytradition.26.WhichisoneofSimoneBiles’achievements?A.Shehasnowwon25worldgoldmedals.B.SomecompetitionsarenamedafterSimone.C.ShewontwogoldmedalsatAGWCin2013.D.ShecompetedinherfirstOlympicsat21.27.WhyaresomesignaturemovesnamedafterSimoneBiles?A.Shemadethosemoveswell-knownworldwide.B.ShehaswonthemostWorldChampionshipmedals.C.Shecreatedandownedthegymnasticsskillsbyherself.D.Sheusedtheactionsforthefirsttimeinternationally.【答案】24.C25.A26.C27.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了美国著名体操运动员西蒙·拜尔斯的经历。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“Shewassogoodthatoneofthecoachessentaletterhomewithher,,invitingSimonetotakegymnasticsclasses.”（西蒙表现十分优秀，因而一位教练寄信到她家，邀请她上体操课。）可知，是一位体操教练发现了西蒙·拜尔斯的体操天赋。故选C项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的第一、二句“At9,Simonelearnedwhyshecouldn’tsitstill:ShehadADHD(多动症).Herbrainmovedfastandherbodydidtoo—whichmadeithardforhertoconcentrateinschoolbutwhichalsomadeheranamazinggymnast.”（9岁时，西蒙知道自己为什么坐不住了：她有多动症。她的大脑和身体都在快速运转——这使她在学校很难集中注意力，但是也让她成为了一名了不起的体操运动员。）可知，是多动症这种疾病赋予了西蒙·拜尔斯的体操天赋。故选A项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段的第二句“Atage16,shewontwogoldmedalsattheArtisticGymnasticsWorldChampionships(AGWC).”（她16岁时在体操世锦赛上获得了两枚金牌。）以及第一段的第一句“SimoneBileswasbornin1997.”（西蒙·拜尔斯生于1997年。）可知，她在1997年出生，她16岁的时候是2013年，所以她在2013年夺得了体操世锦赛的两枚金牌。故选C项。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的第三、四句“Sincethen,Simonehasdebuted(首次呈现)movesneversuccessfullydoneinworldcompetition,includingadouble-doubledismount(下马)fromthebalancebeam.ThemovebecameknownastheBiles.（从那以后，西蒙首次成功完成了一些以往国际大赛中未曾成功的动作，包括双后空翻梁下马，这个动作也就是为人熟知的“拜尔斯跳”。）可知，一些体操动作以她的名字来命名是因为她在国际大赛中首创了这些动作。故选D项。CInBillings,Montana,somehealthcareexpertsareusing3Dprinterstomakereusableplasticmasks.Whatmakesthemspecialisthatthemasksarethenfittedwithpiecesofsurgical(外科的)maskswhichcanbereplacedwhenneeded.“Thesurgicalmasksarecutintosmallersquaresthatcanbefilledintotheplasticmasktoserveasafilter(过滤器),”saidDustyRichardson,asurgeonattheBillingsClinic.“Thefiltercanbeusedforadayandyoucansubstituteitthenextday,butIdowashitforthenextuse,”Richardsonadded.Theplasticmaskandfiltercanbecleanedwithsoap,bleach(achemicalthatisusedtomakesomethingbecomewhite)andothercleaningchemicals.Richardsonbelieveshealthcareworkerscangetsixtotenusesoutofasinglesurgicalmask.Richardsoncameupwithaprototype(原型)ofthemaskandworkedwithsurgeonSpencerZauggandSpencer’ssonColtontomakethedesignbecomeareality.They’reallreallyinto3DprintingandColtonhasdesignexperienceandwasabletoadaptapatternhefoundonline.,“SpencerandColtonhavefour3Dprinters,”Richardsonsaid.“Theyhavecreatedatleast15maskssofar.”PublicschoolsinBillingsareclosedbecauseofCOVID-19,butsometeacherswentbackintotheirclassroomsonMondaytostartprintingoutmasksontheirschools’3Dprinter.Ittakesafewhourstoprintasinglemask.Richardsonsaidthefilesandinstructionsarepostedonlinesoanyonecanmakethemasksontheirown3Dprinter.“IgotatextfromsomeonewhoprintedoneoutinScotlandandisevenworkingonitoverseas,”Richardsonsaid.They’vealreadymadeonehugeimprovementtotheirdesign.AcompanycalledHiTechFiltersheardabouttheprojectandsaidthattheycouldmass-producefiltersusinghospital-gradehigh-efficiencymaterialquicklywithoutwastingprecioussurgicalmasks.“We’rejusttryingtohelppeoplehere,”Richardsonsaid.“Wewanthealthcareprovidersandpatientstobesafe.”28.Whatisthebiggestfeatureofthereusableplasticmask?A.Itisintheshapeofasquare.B.Itismadeofnaturalharmlesschemicals.C.Itcontainssurgicalmaskpiecesservingasfilters.D.Itcanbecleanedwithsomechemicalsotherthansoap.29.Inparagraph2,theunderlinedword“substitute”refersto__________.A.produceB.removeC.purchaseD.replace30.Whatcanwelearnaboutthereusableplasticmaskfromthetext?A.Itreceivesnegativecommentsonline.B.Itiseasytomakeandhasattractedmuchattention.C.Itsproductioninstructionsarekeptsecret.D.Itsapplicationisconsideredimpracticalbyothers.31.WhichwordcanbestdescribeRichardson?A.responsibleB.courageousC.independentD.arrogant【答案】28.C29.D30.B31.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述在美国蒙大拿州的Billings，医生DustyRichardson和其他两名医生合作用3D打印机制作可重复使用的塑料口罩，希望保证医生和患者的安全。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Whatmakesthemspecialisthatthemasksarethenfittedwithpiecesofsurgical(外科的)maskswhichcanbereplacedwhenneeded.(它们的特别之处在于，这些口罩内置了一片片外科口,罩，在需要时可以更换)”以及第二段中“Thesurgicalmasksarecutintosmallersquaresthatcanbefilledintotheplasticmasktoserveasafilter(过滤器)(外科口罩被切成更小的正方形，可以填充到塑料口罩中作为过滤器)”可知，可重复使用的塑料口罩的最大特点是它包含了小块的外科口罩作为过滤器。故选C。【29题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段中“fittedwithpiecesofsurgical(外科的)maskswhichcanbereplacedwhenneeded(内置了一块块外科口罩，在需要时可以更换)”及划线词后“thenextday(第二天)”可知，本句意为：这种过滤器可以用一天，第二天就可以换掉，substitute意为“取代，代替”。故选D。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“Richardsonsaidthefilesandinstructionsarepostedonlinesoanyonecanmakethemasksontheirown3Dprinter.(Richardson说，这些文件和说明被发布在网上，这样任何人都可以自己用3D打印机制作口罩)”以及倒数第二段中“AcompanycalledHiTechFiltersheardabouttheprojectandsaidthattheycouldmass-producefiltersusinghospital-gradehigh-efficiencymaterialquicklywithoutwastingprecioussurgicalmasks.(一家名为HiTechFilters的公司听说了这个项目，并表示他们可以使用医院级的高效材料快速批量生产过滤器，而不会浪费宝贵的外科口罩)”可知，可重复使用的塑料口罩易于制作，并且引起了很多关注。故选B。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘We’rejusttryingtohelppeoplehere,’Richardsonsaid.‘Wewanthealthcareprovidersandpatientstobesafe.’(‘我们只是想帮助这里的人们。’Richardson说。‘我们希望医疗保健提供者和患者是安全的。’)”可知，Richardson发明3D打印的可重复使用的塑料口罩，希望保证医生和患者的安全，因此他是一名有责任心的医生。故选A。DOneofthemostpowerfulsocialdesiresexpressedbyteenagersistobethoughtofascoolandpopularbytheirpeers(同龄人),whichisquitenatural.Often,theterms“cool”and“popular”getusedinterchangeablyasiftheywerejustdifferentlabelsforthesameperception.Oncloserexamination,however,itbecomesclearthattheyarequitedifferentandhaveafairlycomplicatedrelationshipwitheachother.Let’sstartbyexaminingwhatpopularityisallabout.Atfirstglance,popularityiseasytodefineandrecognize:Apopularpersonisanindividualwhoiswell-known,well-liked,andadmiredbyothers.However,thesourcesofthesocialpowerpossessedbypopularpeoplecanbequitedifferent.Specifically,sociometricpopularity(SP)primarilyreflects“likeability”anditislinkedwithqualitiessuchasbeingkindandtrustworthy.However,peer-perceivedpopularity(PP)isbaseduponajudgmentofhowpopularothersthinkthatpersonisamonghisor,herpeers.Itreflectswhatwemightcall“status”andisoftenrelatedwithlessdesirablequalitiessuchasbeingdominant,aggressive,or“stuck-up”.So,popularityisamorecomplicatedconceptthanitmayseem.Ascomplicatedaspopularityis,coolnessisevenmoreso.Coolnessisabroadercategorythanpopularity.Onecanbecoolbyhavingcoolstuff,bydoingcoolstuff,orbyjustplain“beingcool”.Itisacombinationofselfpresentation,fashion,andattitude.It’spushbackagainstnormsandauthoritythatmaylabelitselfasnotcaringabouttraditionalroutestosuccesssuchasacademicachievementandbeing“toocoolforschool”.Hence,coolnessandpopularityrepresenttwocompletelyindependentterms.Thepursuitofbeingcoolandpopularwillprobablyalwaysbepartofthehumanexperience,especiallyamongyoungpeople.Inandofitself,thisisneithergoodnorbad.Butitmaybeusefultobeawareofthedifferencesinthesequalitiesandbeclearaboutexactlywhatitisthatwearepursuing.32.Whatisacommonunderstandingofcoolnessandpopularity?A.Theycontradicteachother.B.Theyshareacomplexconnection.C.Theyaresimplythesameconcept.D.Theycanonlybeownedbytheyoung.33.WhydoestheauthormentionSPandPPinparagraph3?A.Tomakeaproposal.B.Toillustrateaconcept.C.Toclassifypopularity.D.Tolisttypicalqualities.34.Whichcanberegardedasbeingcool?A.Followingsuit.B.Prioritizingothers.C.Observingtraditions.D.Challengingauthority.35.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthepursuitofcoolnessandpopularity?A.It’sunblamable.B.It’srewarding.C.It’sundesirable.D.It’sshameful.【答案】32.C33.B34.D35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了青少年所认为的两个概念“酷”和“受欢迎”是不是统一感知的不同标签，文章认为这两个概念是完全不同的术语，应该加以区分。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Often,theterms‘cool’and‘popular’getusedinterchangeablyasiftheywerejustdifferentlabelsforthesameperception.(通常情况下，“酷”和“流行”这两个词是可以互换使用的，就好像,它们只是同一种感知的不同标签)”可知，一般情况下，人们认为这两个词可以互换，也就是人们认为这是一个概念。故选C。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“However,thesourcesofthesocialpowerpossessedbypopularpeoplecanbequitedifferent.Specifically,sociometricpopularity(SP)primarilyreflects‘likeability’anditislinkedwithqualitiessuchasbeingkindandtrustworthy.However,peer-perceivedpopularity(PP)isbaseduponajudgmentofhowpopularothersthinkthatpersonisamonghisorherpeers.(然而，受欢迎的人所拥有的社会权力的来源可能是完全不同的。具体来说，社交人气(SP)主要反映了“喜欢能力”，它与善良和值得信任等品质有关。然而，同伴感知的受欢迎程度(PP)是基于别人认为这个人在他或她的同伴中受欢迎程度的判断。)”可推断，作者提到SP和PP是为了阐述自己的理念。故选B。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“It’spushbackagainstnormsandauthoritythatmaylabelitselfasnotcaringabouttraditionalroutestosuccesssuchasacademicachievementandbeing“toocoolforschool”.(这是对规范和权威的反击，这样会标榜自己不关心学术成就等传统的成功途径，以及“自以为很酷”)”可知，对权威的挑战被认为是很酷的。故选D。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thepursuitofbeingcoolandpopularwillprobablyalwaysbepartofthehumanexperience,especiallyamongyoungpeople.(追求酷和流行可能永远是人类经历的一部分，尤其是在年轻人中。)”可推断，作者认为追求酷和流行是无可厚非的。选项A“It’sunblamable.(这是无可厚非的)”；选项B“It’srewarding(这是值得的)”；选项C“It’sundesirable(这是不受欢迎的)”；选项D“It’sshameful(这是可耻的)”。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Fatisanimportantpartofalllivingthingsandmostbodyfatinanimalsandpeopleiswhite.Whitefatallowspeopletoeatmorethantheyneedwhenfoodisenough.Itstoresthoseextracaloriesuntilfoodbecomesshort.____36____Hibernation(冬眠)canhelpanimalsgetthroughthecoldwinter.Theyfeedthemselvesonmuchfoodinfallinpreparationforalongandcoldwinter.Animalsdon’teatwhentheyarehibernating.____37____Tospendanentirewinter,theseanimalsenterastatecalledtorpor(不活泼),wheretheyusethewhitefatmoreslowlythantheyusuallydo.,Whenintorpor,itseemsthatanimalshavebeensleeping.Buttorporgoesmuchdeeperthanthat.Infact,animals’activitiesslowdownintorpor.____38____Ananimalmaytakeseveralbreathsandthenstopbreathingforseveralminutes.Insteadofwastingenergytokeepwarm,bodiesintorporcanremainjustabovefreezing.____39____Everyweekortwo,theywillwakeup.Theystayawakeforadayorsobeforegoingbackintotorpor.Thetimeisdifferentindifferentspecies.Whatcausesthewake-uporwhyithappensisunclear.However,alltruehibernatinganimalsgothroughthiscycle.Inordertowakeupduringthehibernation,theseanimalshavetowarmtheirbodies.____40____Thisprocessburnsupwhitefat.Andnotonlyonhibernatinganimals,thewarmingprocesshasthesameinfluencealsoonhumans,Ballingerexplains.A.Buthibernatinganimalsdon’tstayasleepallwinterlong.B.Ifso,theywillsufferfromhungerduringthewinter.C.Theirheartmaybeatonlyafewtimeseachminute.D.Instead,theyburntheirwhitefattokeeptheirbodiesrunning.E.Theymightfeelcomfortablewhentheywakeupafteralongwinter.F.Thenthebodyburnsitforenergytostayaliveuntilmorefoodshowsup.G.Thatmeansgoingfromatemperatureabovefreezingtotheirusualbodytemperature.【答案】36.F37.D38.C39.A40.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，本文主要讲述了动物冬眠。它们减少活动，在秋天准备好食物过冬，身体厚厚的脂肪维持身体所需能量。【36题详解】根据上文“Itstoresthoseextracaloriesuntilfoodbecomesshort.(它会储存这些额外的卡路里，直到食物短缺)”可知，白色脂肪储存额外的卡路里，直到食物短缺。空处应是接着说食物短缺时身体就燃烧这些卡路里。F项“然后身体将其燃烧为能量，以维持生命，直到更多的食物出现”符合语境，F项中的“it”指代上文calories。故选F。【37题详解】上文“Animalsdon’teatwhentheyarehibernating.(动物在冬眠时不吃东西)”提到动物冬眠时不吃食物，下文“Tospendanentirewinter,theseanimalsenterastatecalledtorpor(不活泼),wheretheyusethewhitefatmoreslowlythantheyusuallydo.(为了度过整个冬天，这些动物会进入一种被称为不活泼的状态，在这种状态下，它们消耗白色脂肪的速度比平常要慢)”提到动物冬眠时消耗白色脂肪，所以动物冬眠时不吃东西，而是消耗体内的白色脂肪，D项“相反，它们燃烧白色脂肪以保持身体运转”符合语境。故选D。,【38题详解】根据上文“Infact,animals’activitiesslowdownintorpor.(事实上，动物的活动在麻木状态下会减慢)”可知，动物的活动在麻木状态下会减慢，结合下文“Ananimalmaytakeseveralbreathsandthenstopbreathingforseveralminutes.(动物可能会呼吸几次，然后停止呼吸几分钟)”可知，空处应是讲述动物活动减慢的具体表现，C项“他们的心脏可能每分钟只跳几次”符合语境。故选C。【39题详解】根据下文“Everyweekortwo,theywillwakeup.Theystayawakeforadayorsobeforegoingbackintotorpor.(每一两个星期，它们就会醒来。他们保持清醒一天左右，然后重新进入麻木状态)”可知，动物冬眠时不会一直睡觉，也会醒来，A项“但是冬眠的动物不会整个冬天都在睡觉”符合语境。故选A。【40题详解】根据上文“Inordertowakeupduringthehibernation,theseanimalshavetowarmtheirbodies.(为了在冬眠期间醒来，这些动物必须让身体暖和起来)”以及下文“Thisprocessburnsupwhitefat.(这个过程消耗白色脂肪)”可知，空处应是提及动物让身体暖和起来的过程，G项“这意味着从高于冰点的温度恢复到正常体温”符合语境。故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。LittleJarrellwastestinghismountainbikeroadoutsideofColumbus,Georgia,whenhisridingpartner,ChrisDixon,stoppedsuddenly.Somethinginthedistance___41___amongthetreescaughtherattention.It___42___tobeasandy-coloredfive-month-oldGreatDanemix.Hewasskinny,andhadalotofroadrashanda___43___leg.Thecyclistsfedthefriendlypupand___44___theirwater.Theyweremorethansevenmilesfrom___45___andridingbikes.''Wecouldn't___46___him,"Littletoldhispartner.He___47___pickeduphisnewfriendandslippedthedog'shindlegsintothebackpocketsofhiscyclingjersey.Thenheputthedog's___48___pawsoverhisshoulders.The30-minuterideintotown"___49___atabikestore,wheretheygotmorewaterand_____50_____forthedog.ThatwaswhenAndreaShaw,awomanfromMaineintownonbusiness,_____51_____by.Thedogmadeabeelineforher,lickingher.Shawwas_____52_____and,afterlearningwhathadhappened,declaredher_____53_____:Iamkeepingthisdog.ShawcalledhimColumbo_____54_____thetownwherethey'dmetandscheduledanoperationonhisleg.Today,Columboislivingthehigh_____55_____onafarmwithahorse,apony,asix-year-oldboy,andtwocoondogstokeephimcompany.,41.A.callingB.movingC.standingD.sleeping42.A.turnedoutB.lookedC.foundoutD.figured43.A.dirtyB.brokenC.burntD.beaten44.A.sharedB.drankC.pouredD.finished45.A.schoolB.homeC.villageD.downtown46.A.takeB.carryC.leaveD.keep47.A.quicklyB.carefullyC.naturalD.finally48.A.frontB.otherC.hurtD.injured49.A.turnedB.reachedC.arrivedD.ended50.A.medicineB.careC.foodD.rest51.A.happenedB.madeC.stoppedD.moved52.A.excitedB.touchedC.shockedD.annoyed53.A.luckB.wishC.intentionD.mind54.A.atB.inC.fromD.after55.A.friendshipB.wayC.lifeD.chance【答案】41.B42.A43.B44.A45.D46.C47.B48.A49.D50.C51.A52.B53.C54.D55.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。JarrellLittle和搭档去测试山地自行车时，发现一条腿受伤的小狗。他们把它带回市中心，碰巧遇到了女士Shaw，小狗和女士很投缘，所以女士决定养它，并以这个小镇的名字给小狗取名。现在小狗在伙伴们的陪同下在农场里过着幸福的生活。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：远处某个在树丛中移动的东西引起了她的注意。A.calling打电话；B.moving移动；C.standing站；D.sleeping睡觉。根据下文的He___7___pickeduphisnewfriendandslippedthedog'shindlegsintothebackpockets可知，Little看到的是小狗，故此处用“移动”符合语境，故选B项。【42题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实证明这是一条五个月大，沙色的大丹混血狗。A.turnedout证明是；B.looked看；C.foundout查明；D.figured认为。结合上下文可知，此处是指最终发现那个在树丛中移动的东西是一条狗，故用“证明是”符合语境，故选A项。【43题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很瘦，有很多皮疹和一只受伤的腿。A.dirty脏的；B.broken受伤的；C.burnt,被烧的；D.beaten被打的。根据下文的they'dmetandscheduledanoperationonhisleg.可知，狗的腿需要做手术，故推测他的腿受伤了，故选B项。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：骑自行车的人喂这条友好的小狗，并把他们的水分享给他喝。A.shared分享；B.drank喝；C.poured倾倒；D.finished完成。结合句意可知，此处是指骑车的人把自己带的少量水分出来给这条小狗，故用“分享”符合语境，故选A项。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们离市中心超过7英里，而且还骑着车。A.school学校；B.home家；C.village村庄；D.downtown市中心。根据下文的The30-minuterideintotown"___9___atabikestore,可知，他们骑了30分钟才到市中心，故此处用“市中心”符合语境，故选D项。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Little告诉他的搭档说：“我们不能留下他。”A.take带走；B.carry携带；C.leave留下；D.keep养。根据下文的He___7___pickeduphisnewfriendandslippedthedog'shindlegsintothebackpocketsofhiscyclingjersey.可知，他们带着这条小狗，故此处用“不能留下他”符合语境，故选C项。【47题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他小心地抱起他的新朋友，把狗的后退塞进他的骑行服后兜里。A.quickly快速地；B.carefully小心地；C.natural自然的；D.finally最终。根据前文可知，狗的腿受了伤，故此处用“小心地抱起他”符合语境，故选B项。【48题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后把狗的前爪搭在他的肩膀上。A.front前面的；B.other其他的；C.hurt受伤的；D.injured受伤的。根据前文的slippedthedog'shindlegsintothebackpocketsofhiscyclingjersey.可知，此处用“前爪”符合语境和逻辑，故选A项。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：三十分钟骑行以到一家自行车店结束，在那儿他们得到了更多的水和食物来喂这条狗。A.turned转弯；B.reached到达；C.arrived到达；D.ended结束。结合上下文可知，此处是指他们骑了30分钟后到了一家自行车修理店，故用“结束”符合语境，故选D项。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.medicine药物；B.care关心，照顾；C.food食物；D.rest休息。根据上文的Thecyclistsfedthefriendlypup可知他们给这条小狗喂过吃的，故此处用“更多食物”符合语境，故选C项。【51题详解】,考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时，来自缅因州的女士AndreaShaw来这个小镇出差，她碰巧经过。A.happened碰巧；B.made使，制作；C.stopped停止；D.moved经过。结合句意可知，这位女士的经过是一个偶然，故用“碰巧经过”符合语境，故选A项。【52题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在得知发生了生什么之后，Shaw被感动了，并且宣布她的计划：我准备养这条小狗。A.excited使兴奋；B.touched感动；C.shocked震惊；D.annoyed使生气。根据下文的Iamkeepingthisdog.可知，此处用“感动”符合语境，故选B项。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.luck幸运；B.wish愿望；C.intention打算，计划；D.mind思维。根据下文Iamkeepingthisdog可知，这是Shaw的打算，故选C项。【54题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：Shaw以这个小镇的名字给他取名为Columbo。A.at在；B.in在……里；C.from来自；D.after在什么之后。结合句意可知，此处考查短语call…after…“以……的名义来命名”，故选D项。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在Columbo在一个农场和一匹小马，一个6岁的孩子以及两条狗过着快乐的生活，他们陪着他。A.friendship友谊；B.way方式，方法；C.life生活；D.chance机会。结合上下文可知，此处是指小狗在女士的照顾和同伴的陪同下生活得很快乐，故选C项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。FormanypeopleofAsiandescent(血统)livingoverseas,aFacebookgroupcalledSubtleAsianTraitshasbecomeoneofthepopularcultural____56____(phenomenon).Itsjokesandmemes—aboutlifeasafirst-generationmigrant—havemadethepage____57____(wild)popular.Almostamillionpeople____58____(join)thegroupsinceitbegan.Theposts,____59____canbemadebyanyone,havehadconversationsaboutculturalidentity.ItwasfoundedbynineChinese-AustralianhighschoolstudentslivinginMelbourne.AnneGu,18,oneofthe____60____(found),saidtheyweredelightedwhenthegrouphit1,000membersbutnowit’sgonecrazily.“Wedidn’tthinkatallthatitwouldgetthisbig,orsoserious,”shesaid,____61____(refer)toitsgrowthinto____62____onlinecommunityforpeopleofAsiandescent.Thepostsspanarangeoftopics,buttheyoftenfocusonAsianculture____63____(experience)bythechildrenofmigrants.That’s____64____mostmembersareyoungpeoplefromAustralia,theUS,CanadaandtheUK,ratherthanthoselivinginAsia.,AnneGubelievesthatthepageissopopularbecauseitidentifiesjustlittlethingsinourlives____65____noonetalkedaboutbefore.【答案】56.phenomena57.wildly58.havejoined59.which60.founders61.referring62.an63.experienced64.why65.that【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了对于许多生活在海外的亚裔来说，Facebook上一个名为“微妙的亚洲特质”的群组已经成为一种流行的文化现象。文章主要介绍了这个群组的一些情况，这些帖子涉及一系列的话题，它们往往聚焦于移民子女所体验到的亚洲文化。【56题详解】考查名词复数。句意：对于许多生活在海外的亚裔来说，一个名为“微妙的亚洲特质”的Facebook群组已经成为一种流行的文化现象。oneof后接可数名词复数，表示“……之一”，phenomenon的复数形式为phenomena。故填phenomena。【57题详解】考查副词。句意：它的笑话和表情包——关于第一代移民的生活——让这个页面广受欢迎。空处应填副词形式修饰形容词popular。故填wildly。【58题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自该它出现以来，已有近100万人加入。根据时间状语从句“sinceitbegan”可知，句子用现在完成时，主语people表示复数意义，助动词用have。故填havejoined。【59题详解】考查定语从句。句意：任何人都可以发布这些帖子，讨论关于文化认同。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是posts，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。【60题详解】考查名词。句意：18岁的AnneGu是该团体的创立者之一，她说当这个团体的成员达到1000人时，他们都很高兴，但现在它已经变得疯狂了。根据“AnneGu”可知，空处应填表示人的名词，founder创立者，可数名词，oneof后接名词复数，故填founders。【61题详解】考查现在分词。句意：“我们完全没有想到它会发展得这么大，这么严肃，”,她说，提到它已经发展成为一个面向亚裔的在线社区。动词refer和逻辑主语she之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填referring。【62题详解】考查不定冠词。句意同上。community是可数名词，此处泛指“一个在线社区”，应用不定冠词，且online发音是以元音音素开头，故填an。【63题详解】考查过去分词。句意：这些帖子涵盖了一系列话题，但它们通常聚焦于移民子女所经历的亚洲文化。动词experience和culture之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填experienced。【64题详解】考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么大多数会员是来自澳大利亚、美国、加拿大和英国的年轻人，而不是生活在亚洲的人。空处引导表语从句，结合句意可知，此处表示原因，应用why引导。故填why。【65题详解】考查定语从句。句意：AnneGu认为，这个主页之所以如此受欢迎，是因为它发现了我们生活中以前没有人谈论的小事情。空处引导定语从句，先行词是things，其前有little修饰，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用that引导。故填that。第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)66.假定你是某国际学校的学生会主席，为了发现身边的美，你校计划开展主题为“寻找最美武汉人”的摄影展(photographicexhibition)，请你为此写一则英文通知以鼓励大家踊跃参与。内容包括：1.摄影展的目的和主题。2.展出的时间及地点。3.具体要求。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】possibleversion,NoticeToencourageustofindthebeautyaroundus,ourschoolisgoingtoholdaphotographicexhibitionwhosethemeis“LookingforthemostbeautifulpersoninWuhan”.Theexhibitionwilltakeplaceinthelibraryfrom10:00amto5:00pmonSeptember10.Anyonewhoisinterestedinphotographiswelcometotakepartinit,buteachoneisallowedtosubmitonlyonephoto.Besides,thetopfivewinnerswillgetprizes.Lookforwardtoyourparticipation.TheStudents’Union【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一则英文通知以鼓励大家踊跃参与学校计划开展的主题为“寻找最美武汉人”的摄影展。【详解】1.词汇积累发现：discover→find主题：subject→theme寻找：searchfor→lookfor发生：happen→takeplace2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Besides,thetopfivewinnerswillgetprizes.拓展句：Besides,thetopfivewinnerswillgetprizeswhichareverybeautiful.【点睛】【高分句型1】Toencourageustofindthebeautyaroundus,ourschoolisgoingtoholdaphotographicexhibitionwhosethemeis“LookingforthemostbeautifulpersoninWuhan”.(运用了非谓语动词不定式作目的状语以及whose引导的限制性定语从句)【高分句型2】Anyonewhoisinterestedinphotographiswelcometotakepartinit,buteachoneisallowedtosubmitonlyonephoto.(运用了who引导的限制性定语从句)第二节(满分25分)67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Asayoungboy,Iwascarefree.EveryvacationIlookedforwardtotwothings—seeingmygrandpaandhearinghiswonderfulstories.Mygrandpawasaverygoodstoryteller.Hehadworkedvariousoddjobswhenhewasyoungandwovehisadventuresandmisadventuresintofantastictales.Thesewonderfultalescoloredmychildhood.,AsIgrewup,IhadtoadmitthatGrandpa’sstorieswentonalittlelong,evenalittleboringandgraduallylosttheirmagic.However,notwantingtoupsethim,mybrotherandIwouldsometimestaketurnssittinginthelivingroom,listeningtograndpatellhisstories.Whenmygrandpawasapproaching91,hesufferedfromseriousmemory-loss.Itwaskindofwhatdoctorscalleddementia(痴呆),probablytheearlieststageofAlzheimer’sdisease.Followingthedoctor’sdirections,wemovedhimintoaSunriseAssistedLivingCommunity,wherehecouldgetabettercare.Afterthat,grandpahardlycametoourhouse.Oneweekendbeforemygrandpa’sbirthday,Icametovisithim.Seeinggrandpasittinginhisarmchair,dull-looking,Iwasconsumedwithmixedfeelings.Iwheeledgrandpatothesunshineinthecourtyard,talkingtohim.Hecouldn’texpresshimselfclearlyandspokeinshortbursts,butIlistenedtohimpatientlyandcarefullyjustasIusedtobealittleboy.ItwasthenthatInoticedashadowboxwithsomeoldandyellowishphotosinit.Ipickedoneup,inwhichmybrother,severalboysinourneighborhood,andIwereplayingbasketballwithgrandpacheeringusontwentyyearsbefore.Mymindflashedbacktothosebeautifulmemories.Backthen,Grandpawasingoodphysicalconditionandwewereallwearingbasketballjerseys,playingandlaughingwithabandon.Ipresentedthephototomygrandpa,pointingateachmemberandremindinghimoftheirnames.Incredibly,grandpacouldspeakoutthenameofeveryplayer.Ievencaughtasoftlightingrandpa’seyesandasmileonhislips.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。Abrightideaforgrandpa’sbirthdaycametomymind.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Seeing“thesameplayers”playingthere,grandpaseemedtohavethoughtofsomething.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Abrightideaforgrandpa’sbirthdaycametomymind.“Whynotgivegrandpaasurprise?”Isaidtomyself.Iimmediatelygotdowntocarryingoutmyplan.Luckily,Icontactedalltheplayersinthephoto.Tomygreatdelight,theyweregreatlytouchedbytheplanandallagreedtojoinin.Tomakethescenereal,Ievenmanagedtofindall,thebasketballjerseys,equipmentandarrangeforasimilar-lookingbasketballcourt.Thebigdayfinallycame.Afterwheelingmygrandpatothecourt,webeganthespecialgame.Whileplaying,Ikeptaneyeongrandpa,waitingforsomethingdeepdown.Seeing“thesameplayers”playingthere,grandpaseemedtohavethoughtofsomething.Glancingatgrandpaagain,Ifoundhimcheeringusonjustlike20yearsbefore.Sittinginthewarmsunlight,hecheeredandclapped,withabiggersmile.Forawhile,mymindseemedtoflashbacktothosebeautifuldays.Indeed,myplansomewhatworked.IwasoverjoyedthatIcoulddosomethingtodelightGrandpa,animportantpersoninmy1ife.Iwasnotsurewhetherthisbirthdaywouldstickinhismind,butonethingwascertain:it’ddefinitelystickinmine.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的爷爷在作者小的时候经常给作者讲故事，现在爷爷老了，得了失忆症，住进了老人院。作者在爷爷生日前为爷爷策划了一个生日惊喜。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“我想到了一个给爷爷过生日的好主意。”以及第二段首句“看到‘同一批打球的人’在那里玩，爷爷似乎想到了什么。”可知，第一段讲述的是作者为爷爷准备的惊喜就是把当年一起打球的人都聚集了起来。②由第二段首句内容“看到‘同一批打球的人’在那里玩，爷爷似乎想到了什么。”可知，第二段可叙述爷爷的反应和作者的感触。2.续写线索：作者小时候爷爷的陪伴——爷爷患病住进老人院——爷爷状态不好——作者想为爷爷准备惊喜——作者联系当年打球的人——爷爷似乎想到了以往的时光3.词汇激活行为类①着手做……：getdownto/setaboutdoing②成功做……：managetodo/succeedindoing/beabletodo情绪类①开心：withabigsmileonhisface/wearingabigsmileonhisface/smilinghappily②感动：betouched/bemoved【点睛】【高分句型1】IwasoverjoyedthatIcoulddosomethingtodelightGrandpa,animportantpersoninmy1ife.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）【高分句型2】Iwasnotsurewhetherthisbirthdaywouldstickinhismind,butonethingwascertain:it’ddefinitelystickinmine.（运用了whether引导的宾语从句）,