2023中考英语真题分类汇编26短文填空考点2选词填空(第01期)(全国通用)(原卷版)

2023年中考真题英语分项汇编专题12短文填空考点2选词填空（第01期）（2023·湖南郴州·统考中考真题）从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空、使短文完整、通顺（每空一词，每词限用一次）。none  silent  stand  we  courage  question  fast  protect  but  withoutOnceinaphysicsclass,theteacheraskedstudents,“Whydowehavebrakes(刹车)inourcars?”Soon,studentsgavedifferentanswers.Astudent1upandreplied,“Sir,tostopthecar.”Anotheronesaid,“Toreduceandcontrolthespeedofthecar.”However,2oftheanswerswasthesameastheteacher’s.Thenhesaid,“Allofyouranswersareright.Butinmyopinion,thebrakesinthecarmakeusabletodrivemuch3.”“Ifthecarhasnobrakes,howfastarewereadytodrive?Itisthebrakesinthecarthatgiveus4todrivefastandsafely.”Listeningtothis,thewholeclasswas5becausenoonehadimaginedthisanswer.Similarly,therearemanysuch“brakes”inourlife,whichseemtostopus.Forexample,ourparentsmayask6aboutprogressordecisionsinlife.Their7orsuggestionsmaybeconsideredas“brakes”whichstandinourway.Butwecanseethemasoursupporterswhichcan8uswhiletakingrisks.Sometimes,wehavetostoporevenstepback,sothatwecantakeabigstep.Infact,itisthe“brakes”inlifethathelpusalot.9these“brakes”,wecouldloseourdirectionorgetintodanger.Soweneedtounderstandthat“brakes”inourlifearenotmeanttopushusback10tomakeusmoveforwardmorequicklythanbefore.（2023·甘肃天水·统考中考真题）用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯，每个单词或短语限用一次。friend,   or,   silly,   lookup,   you,   alittle,   in,   what,   sometimes,   haveDearLiMing,Howareyou?MynameisMary.I’vebeenlookingforwardto11apenpalforalongtimenow.Ihopewecanbecomegreat12!EversinceIgotyournameandaddressfrommyteacher,Mrs.Brown,Ihavebeenthinkingabout13towrite.First,Ithoughtoftelling14whatit’sliketogotoschoolhereinLondon.Butthen,Ithoughtyoucould15Londonontheinternetandreadaboutityourself.AndthenIhadtheideatotellyouaboutmy学科网（北京）股份有限公司 family,butIrealizedthatthestoryofmylittlebrotherlosingatooth16thetimewegotanewkittenmightbekindofboring.Afterthat,Ithoughtaboutaskingyouquestionsaboutwhatit’sliketolive17Gansu,butIwasafraidyoumightthinkmyquestionswere18.IguessIcantellyou19aboutmyself.Infact,you’veprobablyalreadylearnedonethingaboutme.I20haveahardtimemakingupmymind!Ihopeyouwillwritemebackanyway.Sincerely,Mary（2023·湖北随州·统考中考真题）从方框中选择适当的单词，并用其适当的形式完成短文，每词只能用一次，每空一词。harmful    in    far    trade    kill    group    if    slow    strong    theySavetheSharks!Manyhaveheardofsharkfinsoup.Thisfamousandexpensivedishisespeciallypopular21southernChina.Butdoyourealizethatyou’re22awholesharkeachtimeyouenjoyabowlofsharkfinsoup?Whenpeoplecatchsharks,theycutoff23finsandthrowthesharksbackintotheocean.Thisisnotonlycruel,butalso24totheenvironment.Withoutafin,asharkcannolongerswimand25dies.Sharksareatthetopofthefoodchainintheocean’secosystem.26theirnumbersdroptoolow,itwillbringdangertoalloceanlife.Manybelievethatsharkscanneverbeendangeredbecausetheyarethe27intheirfoodchain.Butinfact,around70millionsharksarecaughtand28inthisindustryeveryyear.Thenumbersofsomekindsofsharkshavefallenbyover90percentinthelast20to30years.Environmentalprotection29aroundtheworld,suchasWildAidandtheWWF,areteachingthepublicabout“finning”.Theyhaveevenaskedgovernmentstodeveloplawstostopthesaleofsharkfins.So30,noscientificstudieshaveshownthatsharkfinsaregoodforhealth,sowhyeatthem?Helpsavethesharks!（2023·山东泰安·统考中考真题）根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、完整，每词限用一次。improve,solve,unusual,why,read,expression,good,from,enough,might学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ChatGPTisanAIsystem(系统)thatcanhaveadiscussionandcreatewrittenwork.Itcancreatematerialbasedonwhatithaslearned31digitalbooksandonlinenaissance.NowthreehighschoolstudentsinCyprushavedevelopedan32robotwiththehelpoftheirteachers.ItisspecialasitusesChatGPTAItechnology.TherobotisnamedAInstein.Itisthesizeofasmalladultandevenhasascreenforafacethatappearstoshowhumanfacial(面部)33.ItspeaksaNorthAmericanformofEnglish.Anditcantelljokes,like“34wasthemathbooksad?Becauseithadtoomanyproblems.”Therobotenjoys35sciencebooksandspendingtimeplayingtheviolin.ThecreatorsofAInsteinwanttousethetechnologyto36learningexperiencesintheclassroom.Infact,there37beaplaceforrobotsineducationafterall.BritisheducationexpertAnthonySeldonpredictsthatrobotswilltakeovertheclassroomin2027andteacherswillworkastheirhelpers.Onethingiscertain,though.Arobotteacheris38thannoteacheratall.Insomepartsoftheworld,therearen’t39teachersand9—16percentofchildrenundertheageof14don’tgotoschool.Thatproblemcouldbepartly40byrobots,becausetheycanteachanywhereandwon’tgetstressed,ortired,ormovesomewhereforaneasier,higher-paidjob.（2023·山西·统考中考真题）请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。方框中有两个词为多余项。she   make   club    much    value    different    he    tell     work   kind     parent   understandLastyearwehadanewclassmate.41nameisDanny.Hewastallandhandsomewithdarkbrowneyes.Manyclassmateslikedhim.Oneday,we42thatwewouldhaveaschooltripattheendofthemonth.Thewholeclassgotveryexcitedandthegirlsbegantodiscusswhattowearandwhattobringwiththem.ButDannysimplytoldeveryonehewouldn’tgo.“Don’tyoulikeit,Danny?”ourteacherMr.Simsaskedwith43.Dannystoodupandsaid,“It’stoomuchmoneyforme.Mydadisillinbed.Mymom44ina学科网（北京）股份有限公司 supermarketeveryday.I’mnotaskingthemformoney.”“I’mveryproudofyouthatyoucanunderstandyour45.Noteverystudentofyouragecanthinkaboutthis,”Mr.Simsreplied.ThenMr.Simssaidtotheclass,“Thisyear,wearegoingtodothings46.Wouldyouliketoraisemoneyforthetripbyyourselves?Ihopeeachofyoucancomeupwithatleastoneidea.  Andwe47aplantomorrow.”“Well,myfamilycanaffordthetrip.DoIstillhavetodothat?”Shellyasked.“Shelly,thiswillbeadifferentand48learningexperienceforeveryone,whetheryouhavethemoneyornot.”Thatday,weknewDanny49thanbeforebecausehewasnotonlyhonestbutalsobrave.Hisbehavior（行为）helpedus50whathisfamilyhadordidn’thavecouldn’tdecidewhohewas.Hewontherespectofmanyofus.（2023·河南·统考中考真题）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。screen     receive     because     play     patient     choose     he     short     situation     helpImagineyouarecollectingsomeinformationaboutwintertraditionsofnorthernChina.Youopenavideothatyouthinkitcouldbe51toyou.Butittakestimetoload(加载).Aftertenseconds,ithasn’teven52yet.Willyoucontinuetowaitpatiently?ComputerscienceexpertRameshSitaramanplaced6.7millionpeopleina53similartotheoneabove.Accordingto54study,52%ofpeoplewouldgiveupwaitingforthevideoafteronlytwoseconds.Andwitheverysecondpassing,another5.8percentofpeoplewould55togiveup.Sitaraman’sresearchshowsthatpeoplearebecominglessandlesspatient.BecauseofthefastInternetspeed,weareusedto56“instantgratification(即时满足)”.Weexpecttogetwhatwewantwithoutwaiting.Whenwedon’tgetwhatwewant57,wewillbeworriedorevenangry.Thishappensinfrontofour58andbeyond.Butbeing59doesn’tjustsolveyourtroubles.Itisalsothekeytosuccessinlife.Tosomedegree,manypeopleincludingJ.K.RowlingandDengQingmingsucceed60theyarequitepatient.Whenyouwanttogetinstantgratificationnexttime,rememberthatgoodthingsdotaketime.It’sbettertobepatient.学科网（北京）股份有限公司 （2023·陕西·统考中考真题）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。）be    end    easy    bird    problem    develop    get    noise    high    offerNatureiswonderful.It61ourbestteacher.Itteachesusalotandweareborntolearnfromittosolve62.Forexample,scientistsusedwhattheysawinnaturetoimproveourwayoftravelling.Indaysofhigh-speedtrainresearchand63,scientistswereoncefacedwithanoiseproblem.Thetrainspushedairthroughtunnelsat64speeds.So,whenatraincameoutofatunnel,itcouldbevery,very65.However,kingfisherbirdshardlymakeasoundwhentheygetintolakesorrivers.Engineers66acleveridea.Theychangedthefrontofthetrainstomatchtheshapeofthekingfisher.Thentheaircould67passoverthetrains.Theproblemwassolved!Thekingfisher68exampleisjustonethatwelearnedfromnature.Scientistsstudythesmartmodelsthatnaturecan69.Thentheyusetheirwisdom(智慧)andimaginationtodesignnewproducts.Natureprovidesuswith70possibilitiestofindwonderfulwaystoimproveourlives.Learningfromnatureknowsnobounds(永无止境)!（2023·江苏苏州·统考中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。infrontof      move      member      happy      completeTheShenzhouXVmission(飞行任务)crew(乘组)returnedtoEarthonJune4afterasix-monthmission.Thecrew71areFeiJunlong,DengQingmingandZhangLu.Aftereverythingwasready,theastronautswerecarriedoutofthecapsule(返回舱)onebyoneandplacedonchairs72thecapsule.Then,theastronautssharedtheirfeelingsandthoughtswithareporterfromCCTVinaliveprogram.Feisaid,“Wehave73ourtasksbeforereturningsafelytoEarth.Weareallingoodcondition.”Dengsaid,“Iexpectedthechancetoflyintospacefortwenty-fiveyears.Itwasthe74学科网（北京）股份有限公司 momentofmylifetoknowthatIcouldbeinthemission.”Zhangsaid,“Wewillgobacktotrainingassoonaspossible.Wewillalwaysbereadytoreturntospace.”Aftertheinterview,theastronautswere75awayforhealthchecks.（2023·江西·统考中考真题）enter   steal   what   while   another   laugh   visitor   impolitely   height   wise   environmentManyyearsago,thereweremanystatesinChina.TheStateofQiusedtobeverystrong,butitbecamelesspowerful.YanZiwasa76adviser,sothekingofQisenthimtoaskChutosupporteachother.ThekingofChuknewYanZiwasveryshort.HetriedtomakeYanZifeelshyabouthis77.WhenYanZiarrived,theguardtoldhim78throughthesmallgate.YanZididn’tgetangry.“Onlyastateofdogswillgreet79withagatefordogs.I’mvisitingtheStateofChu.Thisgateisn’tforme.”YanZisaid.Sotheguardhadtotakehimthroughthemaingate.ThekingofChuwasunhappyat80YanZidid.“WhydidQisendYOU?Don’ttheyhaveanyonebetter?”thekingtried81way.“IfQimeetsagreatking,it’llsendthebestambassador(使臣).I’mtheworst.That’swhyI’mhere.”YanZirepliedcalmly(镇定地).Atthistime,theguardsbroughtathief(小偷)totheking.ThethiefwasfromQi.“Ha!YanZi,isQiastateofthieves?”askedtheking82.YanZireplied,“TheorangetreessouthofHuaiRiverproducebiganddeliciousfruit,83theorangetreesnorthofHuaiRiverproducesmallandsourfruit.The84makesthefruitgrowdifferently.InQi,peoplearegoodandhonest,buthere,they85.Whatmadethatpersonathiefhere?”Finally,thekinglookedatYanZiand86,“Iwaswrongaboutyouandyourstate!”（2023·四川广安·统考中考真题）学科网（北京）股份有限公司 根据短文内容用方框内所给单词的正确形式填空，每空一词，每词一次，并将答案写在答题卡上的相应位置。if    I    excite    afford    the    bookshop    pick    from    few    luckyWhenIwasinprimaryschool,Ifellinlovewithreading.Thebooksbroughtawonderfulworldto87.ThemoreIread,themoreIwantedtoknow.However,myparentscouldnot88somanybooks.Ihadtosolvetheproblemmyself.Therewasa89nearmyhome.OnedayIwalkedintothebookshopand90upabook.Ididn’tknowwhetherIcouldreadtherewithoutbuyinganybooks.Tomakesure,Ijustreada91pagesandthenputitback.92,noonenoticedme.Afterthat,Iwenttheretoreadeveryday.Severaldayslater,whileIwasreading,theownercameupandasked,“Youlikereading?”Ilookeddownandrepliednervously,“Yes.”“Don’tworry,”hesaidwithasmile,“Youmayreadbookshere93youhelpmecleantheshop.”Ifeltquite94,“Wow!It’ssokindofyou!”Fromthenon,Ispentalittletimecleaningtheshop.Afterthat,Iquietlyreadthere.Finally,Ibecameoneof95bestwritersinourschool.Nowstudyinginhighschool,Icanborrowbooks96thelibrary.Myhobbyofreadingiskept.Itwillmakeabigdifferencetomylife.（2023·浙江宁波·统考中考真题）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次（每空一词）。nearby   happen   steal   hour   feelLastyear,myfriendsandIwentonatrip.Westartedearlyinthemorningandtraveledforseveral97onabus.Whenwearrived,everyonewastired.Whileweweregettingoffthebus,Inoticedayoungman,probablyinhisearlytwenties,standingveryclosetooneofmyfriends.Suddenly,Irealizedthathewastryingto98myfriend’swalletfromherbag!I99reallynervous,butIknewIhadtotakeactiontostophim.Luckily,Isawtwopoliceofficersstanding100andgotanidea.SoIfelloverandcriedoutpainfully.Thepoliceofficersheardthatandcameovertohelp.Whentheywerebymyside,Itoldthemwhatwas101.Theycaughtthethiefrightaway.Afterthat,wethankedthepoliceofficersandwentonwithourtriphappily.（2023·四川成都·统考中考真题）短文填空从下面方框中选出10个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确通顺(每词限用一次)。学科网（北京）股份有限公司 actual  advantage  chance  child  difficultdifference  few  hear  many  possible  silence  tellDoyoubelievearoseplantsays“Iwantsomewater”oratreeshouts“Myarmshurt”?Maybeyouwillsaythiscouldonlyhappeninsome102stories.Infact,plantsarenotalways103.Arecentstudyhasfoundplantsshoutwhentheyareinneedofwaterorhavingtheirstemscut.“Eveninaquietfield,thereare104somesoundsthatcarryinformation.However,thepitch(音高)istoohighforpeople105,”saidLilachHadany,aprofessorfromTelAvivUniversity.Theresearchersusedmicrophonestorecordsometomatoplantsandfoundthatstressedplantssendout106soundsthanunstressedplants.“Whentomatoesarenotstressedatall,theyareveryquiet,”ProfessorHadanysaid.Theyalsotrainedamachinein107thedifferencesbetweenthirstyplantsandcutplants.Theresultshowsthatwhenthecausesofstresschange,theyshout108.Aftertheteamrecordedmanykindsofotherplants,theyfoundthatmanyplantslikecorn,wheatandgrapeplantssendoutsoundswhentheyareunderstress,too.“Thereisa109thatalotofcommunicationishappening,”ProfessorHadanysaid.“Becauseotherplantscanprobablyhearthecallofthestressedplants.”Soundrecordingsofplantscouldbringhumanslotsof110,especiallyinfarming.Forexample,peoplewillmakesurewhethercornisgettingenoughwaterorwherewaterisneededmostwithoutmuch111.（2023·四川泸州·统考中考真题）通读下面短文，掌握其大意，选出可以填入短文空格处的词并将该词的字母代号（不写出该词）填写在答题卡相应的位置上。A．they    B．beauty    C．also    D．physical    E.somethingF.at    G.found    H.express    I.better    J.medicineReadingandwritingpoemsisaverypersonalexperience.Poetsuselanguageasawayofexpressingtheirfeelings.Poetscandescribethe112ofnature,aperson,adreamoramemorableevent.Mostpeoplehavetriedwritingpoems113sometime.Forchildren,it’sagoodwaytoenjoylanguageandhavefunwithwordsaswellasto114themselves.学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Butteachersandpsychologists(心理学家)have115anotheruseforpoemsasaformoftherapy(疗法)tohelpwithproblems.Writingpoemscanhelpdealwithchangeintheirlives,deathorfeelingsofsadnessorseriousdisease.Bywritingdownyourfeelings,youcanlearntounderstandyourself116thanbefore.Poemsmightbeawayoftellingsomeone117whenyoudon’tfeelabletotalkaboutitfacetoface.Poemswrittenastherapycanbefunnytoo,aslaughterisalsoconsideredtobeverygood118forillness.StudentsataspecialschoolinEnglandreadandwritepoemseveryday.Someofthepoemsthat119writeareverygood,buttheirreasonforwritingisnotjusttobecreative.Allofthemhavesomementaland120problems.Butbywritingpoems,studentsaregrowinginself-confidence.Thepoemsprovideachannelforthemtocommunicatewiththeworldandexpresstheirfeelings.They121helpthemtofindoutandworkouttheirproblemsandtodevelopapositiveattitudetolife.（2023·四川凉山·统考中考真题）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每词限用一次。success  how  send  education  villager  they  without  hard-working  receive  reallyOnMay15,2023,theActivityofChoosingPeopleWhoMovedLiangshanin2022washeldinXichang.Tenpeople122theproudprize.AmongthemwasLouSe’erwhosefourchildrengotintothefamousuniversitiesinChina.TwoofthemarestudyinginTsinghuaUniversity.HewasgivenaspecialprizebythegovernmentonOctober31st,2022.It’simpossibleforhimtogetsuchspecialprizes123thegreateffort.LuoandhiswifeliveinasmallmountainvillageinButuo.Theyhaveacommonandhardlifeasmostother124intheirneighborhood.Theyhavelittleeducation,buthowcantheybringupfourexcellentchildren?Luotoldreportersabouthis“secretsof125education.”“Ihopemychildrencangetmoreeducationandhaveabetterfuture.”saidLuo.“MywifeandIfacedlotsofchallengesanddifficulties.Wedon’tknow126toreadorwrite.Wecanhardlycount.”They127realizedtheimportanceofeducationfortheirchildren.Theymadeuptheirminds128themtogoodschools.Theycan’thelptheirchildrenwithstudyingathomeduringweekends,summerandwintervacations.Thechildrenhavetolearnby129andsometimestheelderbrothershelpedtheiryoungerbrotherandsister.Theystudiedveryhardandmadegreatprogressinexaminations.“Myallchildrenareingooduniversities.Infact,thereisnosecret.It’sjustawhole-hearteddecision,Itogetherwithmywifewillsupportthemallthetimeaslongastheyneed.Wethink130playsaveryimportantroletowardssuccess.”addedLuo.学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Manypeoplearetouchedbythestoryaboutthepoorfamily—parentswithlittleeducationandfour131children.TheybelievethattheLuos’lifemustbecomebetterandbetter.（2023·四川达州·统考中考真题）选词填空阅读下面短文，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。每词限用一次。they  plant  standard  three  for  everyday  support  use  discuss  traditionFormiddleandprimaryschoolstudents,learningtocookhasbecomeamust.Theywillalsoneedtolearnhow132vegetables,raisepoultry(家禽)andmaintainhomeappliances(修理家电)undernewrequirementsforlabor(劳动)education.TheMinistryofEducation(MOE教育部)broughtoutanew133forlaboreducationinschoollastyear.Fromthe2022fallterm,studentsinprimaryandmiddleschoolshavetotakecoursesonlaborskillsatleastonceaweek.Thenewstandardincludesthreekindsoflabortasks(任务).Thefirstisforthingslike134chores,includingcleaning,organizing,cookingandmaintaininghomeappliances.Nextisproductivelabor,suchasmakinghand-madeworksand135newtechnologies.The136isserviceworkwhichincludesvolunteerwork.SchoolsinChinahave137paidmoreattentiontostudying,andmanyhaveseenchoresasawasteofchildren’stime.ButaccordingtotheMOE,laboreducationmustbebuiltuptohelpstudentsanddevelopaninterestinlabor.Online,peoplehavebeenbusy138thenewstandardonsocialmedia(社交媒体).LiuFang,amotherof6-year-oldtwinsinBeijing,strongly139laboreducation.Forthepastyear,shehastrainedherdaughterstodochoresandmakesimpledishes140thefamily.“Throughdoinghousework,theireye-handcoordination(手眼协调),timemanagementandorganizationskillscanbetrainedandit’salsogoodtohelp141relax.”Throughsucheducation,Liuthinkshertwinshavefoundfunindoingchoresandaremoreindependent.学科网（北京）股份有限公司