四川省成都市树德中学2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期末试题（Word版附解析）

树德中学高2022级高一下期期末测试英语试题考试时间：120分钟满分：150分第一部分听力测试(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?A.Parkingthecar.B.Movingsomefurniture.C.WatchingTVonthesofa.2.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atarestaurant.B.Atatheater.C.Atastore.3.Howmuchdoesthetelevisionsetcosttoday?A.$100.B.$150.C.$200.4.Whyaretheman’seyesred?A.Heissick.B.Hedidn’tgetmuchsleep.C.Hehasterribleeyeproblems.5.Whendidthewomanexpectthepackagetoarrive?A.Yesterday.B.Today.C.Tomorrow.第二节：(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whyisn’tthegirlallowedtogoout?A.Shedidn’tdoherschoolwork.B.Shedidn’tdoherhousework.C.Shearguedwithherparents.7.Howdidthegirlfeelaboutherpunishment?A.Shethoughtitwasfair.B.Shewassurprisedbyit.C.Shefeltangryaboutit.,听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.HowdothespeakersknowGregParsons?A.Heusedtobetheirteacher.B.Heusedtobeafamousathlete.C.Heusedtoownabusinessintown.9.WhatwasthewomandoingwhenshesawBrianSheldontheotherday?A.Waitinginline.B.Drinkingcoffee.C.WatchingTV.10.Wherewillthespeakersgonext?A.Agrocerystore.B.Arestaurant.C.Astadium.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Friends.C.Auntandnephew.12.Whydidthewomanvisittheman’shouse?ATohaveaglassofwine.B.Topickhimupbeforedinner.C.Tocongratulatehimonhisnewhome.13.Whycan’tMarciashowuptonight?A.Sheisn’tfeelingwell.B.Sheneedstofinishareport.C.Shehasameetingwithherboss.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whendidthemangetthetickets?A.OnMonday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSunday.15.Howdoesthewomanfeelwhenthegamesareclose?A.Excited.B.Sad.C.Pressured.16.Whichteamarethespeakerscheeringfor?A.Spain.B.Russia.C.Switzerland.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatTVchannelisJimmyKimmelLiveon?A.NBC.B.TBS.C.ABC.,18.WhendidJimmyKimmelbecomeespeciallyfamous?A.AfterhehostedtheOscars.B.AfterDonaldTrumpbecamepresident.C.Whenhecriedathisshowforthefirsttime.19.Ontalkshows,whatusuallycomesrightaftertheopeningspeech?A.Aninterview.B.Amusicalperformance.C.Acomedyperformance.20.WhatdidJimmyKimmeldobeforehostingJimmyKimmelLive?A.Hetaughtinadramaschool.B.Heworkedataradiostation.C.HewenttoschoolinLosAngeles.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共20小题;每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAsachild,Iwasproudofmysouthernorigin.Myownvoicereflectedmyfamily’spastandpresent-partnorthernMississippi,partTennessee,allsouthern.TherewasnosoundIlovedmorethanmygrandmother’saccent:thick,sweet,warm.Whilegrowingup,Ibegantorealizeoutsideofourregion,southernerswereoftendismissedasunculturedandignorant.IwasreadytoleavebehindmytinytowninWestTennessee,startinganewlifeandjumpingatbigchancesinsomefar-offcities.Inthatembarrassingspacebetween“teen”and“adult”,myaccentwasasymbolofeverythingIthoughtIhatedaboutmylifeintheruralSouth.Ifeareditwoulddisqualifymefrombeinganotedmagazinewriter.Iwouldhavetotalkless“country”.SoIkilledapieceofmyself.I’mashamedofit,butI’mmoreashamedthatItriedtokillthatpartofsomeoneelse-changeEmily’saccent.ImetEmilyincollege.Shewasdeterminedtoworkforthestudentnewspaper,whichwaswhereIspentmostofmywakinghours,andwebecamefriends.She,unlikeme,acceptedherroots.Earlyinourfriendship,hermotheraskedwhereIwasfrom,assumingitwassomewhereupnorth.ThenIfeltmyeffortspaidoffandevenwantedtoignorethemistake.Emilyistwoyearsyoungerandshecaredaboutmyopinion.IadvisedhertobemorelikemeandhidehersignatureManchesteraccent.Istressedthatthroughoutourcollegeyears,oftenbymakingfunofhervowel(元音)sounds.ItoldmyselfIwashelpingherachieveherdreamofworkingasareporter.Now,Iseethatitwasactuallyaboutjustifyingmyhidingpartofmyself.GrandmaCarolynusedtotellme,“Girl,don’tforgetwhereyoucomefrom.”NowItrulyunderstandthat.,Manythingshavefadedfrommemory,butthissticksinmymindwithuncomfortableclarity.NowthatIamgrownandhavelefttheSouth,it’simportanttome.1.Whatmadetheauthorwanttoleaveherhometown?A.Appealofconvenienceincities.B.Herdreamofbecomingawriter.C.Outsideprejudiceagainstsoutherners.D.Herdesireforthenorthernaccent.2.HowdidtheauthorfeelaboutthemistakeofEmily’smother?A.Upset.B.Pleased.C.Ashamed.D.Surprised.3.WhyonearthdidtheauthortrytochangeEmily’saccent?A.Toproveherselfright.B.TohelpEmilybeareporter.C.Tomakeherselfinfluential.D.ToprotectEmily’sself-dignity.4.Whatmessagedoesthetextwanttoconvey?A.Staytruetoyourroots.B.Neverdothingsbyhalves.C.Holdontoyourdreams.D.Neverjudgeapersonbyhisaccent.【答案】1.C2.B3.A4.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者因为别人的偏见以及追求更好的生活改变自己的口音，但后来才意识到这样做抹杀了自己身份的一部分，也明白了要坚守本根。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Whilegrowingup,Ibegantorealizeoutsideofourregion,southernerswereoftendismissedasunculturedandignorant.IwasreadytoleavebehindmytinytowninWestTennessee,startinganewlifeandjumpingatbigchancesinsomefar-offcities.(在成长过程中，我开始意识到，在我们的地区之外，南方人经常被认为是没有文化和无知的。我准备离开我在西田纳西州的小镇，开始新的生活，并在一些遥远的城市抓住大好机会)”可知，作者决定离开南部的家乡是因为其他人认为南方人没文化、无知，即外部对南方人的偏见。故选C。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Earlyinourfriendship,hermotheraskedwhereIwasfrom,assumingitwassomewhereupnorth.ThenIfeltmyeffortspaidoffandevenwantedtoignorethemistake.(在我们的友谊之初，她妈妈问我来自哪里，以为是北方的某个地方。然后我觉得我的努力得到了回报，甚至想忽略这个错误)”推知，当被Emily的妈妈误会来自北方时，作者是非常开心的。故选B。,【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Ifeareditwoulddisqualifymefrombeinganotedmagazinewriter.Iwouldhavetotalkless“country”.SoIkilledapieceofmyself.(我担心这会使我失去成为著名杂志作家的资格。我就得少说些“乡村”了。所以我抹杀了自己身份的一部分)”，第三段的“Shewasdeterminedtoworkforthestudentnewspaper,whichwaswhereIspentmostofmywakinghours(她决心为校报工作，而我醒着的大部分时间都在那里度过的)”以及倒数第二段的“IadvisedhertobemorelikemeandhidehersignatureManchesteraccent.Istressedthatthroughoutourcollegeyears,oftenbymakingfunofhervowel(元音)sounds.ItoldmyselfIwashelpingherachieveherdreamofworkingasareporter.(我建议她更像我，隐藏她标志性的曼彻斯特口音。在我们的大学生活中，我经常通过取笑她的元音来强调这一点。我告诉自己，我是在帮她实现当记者的梦想)”可知，作者通过改变自己的口音获得了在校报工作的机会。由此推知，作者努力改变Emily的口音是为了证明自己是对的，即改变南方口音就有可能获得好工作。故选A。【4题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，并结合第二段的“I’mashamedofit,butI’mmoreashamedthatItriedtokillthatpartofsomeoneelse-changeEmily’saccent.(我很惭愧，但我更惭愧的是我试图抹杀别人的那部分——改变艾米丽的口音)”和最后一段“GrandmaCarolynusedtotellme,“Girl,don’tforgetwhereyoucomefrom.”NowItrulyunderstandthat.Manythingshavefadedfrommemory,butthissticksinmymindwithuncomfortableclarity.(卡罗琳奶奶过去常对我说：“女孩，别忘了你来自哪里。”现在我真的明白了。许多事情已经从记忆中消失了，但这件事却以令人不安的清晰印象留在了我的脑海中)”可知，文章想要传达的信息是：坚守本根。故选A。BWhenIwinatmyfavouritegames,myopponentstendtosay:‘OH,you’resocompetitive!’ButwhenIlose,theysmilegood-naturedlyandsay:‘Badluck!Goodgame!’Thissuggeststhataccuratesportingexpressionsshouldgosomethinglikethis:Iamsporty.Youarecompetitive.Theycan’tbeartolose.Or:Igaveitago.Youdidyourbest.Hetrieddesperatelyhard.I’mnotsayingIdon’thaveacompetitivepersonality.Wealldo.Onwalks,Iliketobeoutinfront.Intraffic,jams,Ifindmyselffocusingoncarsinotherlanes,andfretiftheyedgeaheadofme.Itenseupwhilewaitingfortrains,determinedtobefirstaboard.Theotherday,Iwasoneofthefirsttoboardatrain,grabbingaperfectspotinfirstclass.Yes,Ihadwon!Justhalfway,Iwenttogetafreedrinkforafirst-classseatfromthebuffet.ButIhadleftmyticketonmytable.Iworkedoutthat,ifImovedveryswiftly,Icouldnip(快走)throughtwocarriages,andnipbackwithoutanyonetakingmyplaceatthefrontofthequeue.SoIrushedback,pickingupmyticket,andturnedback.Iwasatthebeginningofthesecondcarriage,when,tomyhorror,Inoticed,anotherfigure,roughlymysize,shootingtowardsthebuffetfromtheotherdirection.Desperatetoarrivebeforehedid,Istartedwalkingfaster.Butatexactlythesamemoment,hestartedwalkingfaster,too.Tryingtoretainmydignity,Ibrokeintoarunning.Whateverhappened,Iwasdeterminedtowin!But,annoyingly,atthesametimeasIspedup,sodidhe.Theracewason.Finally,inmyrush,Iknockedintoasuitcaseandstumbledslightly.Stillwithmyeyesonmychallenger,Inoticedthat-strangebuttrue-exactlythesamethinghadhappenedtohim.ItwasonlyaswebothliftedourselvesupinexactlythesamewaythatIrealisedthat,throughouttherace,Ihadbeenlookingatareflectionofmyselfintheslidingdoor!Mycompetitorforfirstplaceinthebuffetqueuewas...me.5.Whichsportingexpressioncanreplace“Badluck!Goodgame!”inparagraph1?A.Igaveitago.B.Youdidyourbest.C.Youarecompetitive.D.Hetrieddesperatelyhard.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fret”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Getanxious.B.Becomerelaxed.C.Feeldisappointed.D.Remainexcited.7.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor?A.Heneverfailstobeatanyoneinhislife.B.Hehasagiftforgamesandcompetitions.C.Heissportybutoftenaggressivetoothers.D.Heishighlycompetitiveanddesperatetowin.8.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Sadcompetitor?IcansurelybeatmyselfB.Badloser?No,butIcanbeafirst-classfoolC.Competitivenessworks?NotinmycaseD.Morehaste?Itwillonlyresultinlessspeed【答案】5.B6.A7.D8.B,【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者介绍了自己因过于在乎竞争，时刻想要超越别人而在一次火车途中，为了获得免费饮料而误以为车厢反射的自己的影子是竞争对手的一次荒诞的经历。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“WhenIwinatmyfavouritegames,myopponentstendtosay:‘OH,you’resocompetitive!’ButwhenIlose,theysmilegood-naturedlyandsay:‘Badluck!Goodgame!’(当我在最喜欢的比赛中获胜时，我的对手往往会说：‘哦，你太好胜了！’但当我输了的时候，他们和蔼地微笑着说：‘运气不好！玩得好！”)”可知，对手的意思是“你玩的不错，但是运气较差，所以输了”。“Goodgame!”可以被“Youdidyourbest.(你尽力了)”替换。故选B。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Onwalks,Iliketobeoutinfront.(散步时，我喜欢走在前面)”以及“Itenseupwhilewaitingfortrains,determinedtobefirstaboard.(等火车时我紧张起来，决心第一个上车)”可推知，作者一直很好胜，在看到其他车往前走时，自己会比较着急。由此推知，划线词fret和A选项Getanxious(变得焦虑)意思相近。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“I’mnotsayingIdon’thaveacompetitivepersonality.Wealldo.Onwalks,Iliketobeoutinfront.Intrafficjams,Ifindmyselffocusingoncarsinotherlanes,andfretiftheyedgeaheadofme.Itenseupwhilewaitingfortrains,determinedtobefirstaboard.(我不是说我没有好胜的性格。我们都有。散步时，我喜欢走在前面。在交通堵塞的时候，我发现自己会把注意力集中在其他车道的汽车上，如果它们挤到我前面，我就会烦恼。等火车时我紧张起来，决心第一个上车)”以及第五段“Whateverhappened,Iwasdeterminedtowin!But,annoyingly,atthesametimeasIspedup,sodidhe.Theracewason.(无论发生什么，我都决心要赢！但是，烦人的是，在我加快速度的同时，他也加快了速度。比赛开始了)”可推知，作者好胜心很强，急于求胜。故选D项。【8题详解】主旨大意题。从全文概括以及最后一段“Mycompetitorforfirstplaceinthebuffetqueuewas…me.(我在自助餐队伍中争夺第一名的对手是……我)”可知，本文是讲述一次自己为了获得免费饮料而误以为车厢反射的自己的影子是竞争对手的一次荒诞的经历。由此可知，B项“Badloser?No,butIcanbeafirst-classfool(输不起的人吗？不，但我可以做一个一流的傻瓜)”是本文最好的标题。故选B。CStereotypes(刻板印象)arewidelyheldbutverygeneral,simplifiedopinionsaboutotherpeople.Manyofusstarttousestereotypesatschool—thecoolkidsorthehotkids—weknowallthedifferentonesbyheart.,Looks,clothes,personaltraits(特征)andinterestsareallaspectswhich,onthesurfaceofit,makeusdifferentfromourcontemporaries.Studentspounceontheseinordertocategoriseothers.“Whenyou’reasocialanimal,youneedtounderstandwhoisamemberofyourpack,andwhoisamemberofadifferentpack,”sayspsychologyprofessor,JohnDovidio.Agirldressedallinblackmayseemabitdepressed.Butperhaps,deepdowninside,shejustlikesblackandisactuallycheerful.Shehasthesameinterestsasyou—(the“coolkid”)—butshejustdressesdifferently.Theproblemoftypecastingisthatitinvolvesusinglabelswhicharemerelyshells(外表)containingassumptions.Itmakesonewonderwhypeopleseeonlyanarrowviewofacomplicatedhumanbeing.AccordingtoDovidio,evenifwethinkwedon’tstereotypeothers,wedo.“Wecategoriseimmediatelyandwithoutthinking,”saysDovidio.“Andwestereotypeothersnotjustontheirappearance,howtheydressoract,but—wrongly—ontheirraceandsextoo.”Studentstereotypesmayhavespecialmeanings,asteensareintheprocessofformingtheirownidentityandfiguringoutwhotheyfeelmostcomfortablewith.Tosomeextent,stereotypingoffersasenseoforder,directionandconnectiontotheclosefriendstheymakeovertime.Butit’stoosimpletomakeassumptionsthat“they”—teenagersinothergroups—arealikeordifferentfrom“us”.It’seasytothrowagroupofpeopleintoabucket(水桶)andjudgethemasawhole;it’smuchmoredifficulttolookateachpersonasanindividual.Ontheotherhand,Jim,anotherhighschoolstudent,says“bylabellingpeoplewe’reactuallyhighlightingsimilaritiesnotdifferences.Ifwedidn’tstereotype,itwouldmakemanythingstodayimpossible.Thinkofmarketingstudiesfocusedonspecificaudiences,orclubsforpeoplewithsimilarinterestsorhobbies.”9.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedpart“pounceon”inparagraphtwo?A.Putupwith.B.Makefunof.C.Takepridein.D.Catchholdof.10.Whatdoestheauthorwanttosuggestbymentioningthegirlinblack?A.Don’tdistinguishyourselffromothers.B.Don’tmakesimplethingscomplicated.C.Don’tidentifyothersbytheirappearance.D.Don’tlabelothersaccordingtotheirpersonaltraits.11.WhatdoDovidio’swordsinparagraphfourtellus?A.Wecannotavoidbeingstereotyped.B.Wemaycorrectlyrecogniseothers’sex.C.Wecannothelpthewaywereacttoothers.,D.Wemaymakewrongjudgementsaboutourselves.12.WhichwordbestdescribesJim’sattitudetostereotypes?A.Positive.B.Uninterested.C.Uncertain.D.Critical.【答案】9.D10.C11.C12.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了刻板印象以及针对刻板印象的不同观点。【9题详解】短语猜测题。根据第二段第一、二句“Looks,clothes,personaltraits(特征)andinterestsareallaspectswhich,onthesurfaceofit,makeusdifferentfromourcontemporaries.Studentspounceontheseinordertocategoriseothers.(外表、衣服、个人特征和兴趣都是表面上使我们与同时代人不同的方面。学生们pounceon这些来对其他人进行分类。)”可知划线词pounceon后的these指代上文使我们与同时代人在表面上不同的特征“Looks,clothes,personaltraits(特征)andinterests”，学生们抓住这些表面上的特征对其他人进行分类，由此可知，句中“pounceon”意思为“抓住”，可以替换为catchholdof。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Agirldressedallinblackmayseemabitdepressed.Butperhaps,deepdowninside,shejustlikesblackandisactuallycheerful.Shehasthesameinterestsasyou—(the‘coolkid’)—butshejustdressesdifferently.(一个穿一身黑的女孩可能看起来有点沮丧。但也许，在内心深处，她只是喜欢黑色，实际上是开朗的。她和你——（那个‘酷孩子’）——有相同的兴趣爱好，只是穿着不同而已。)”可知，作者在文中提到穿一身黑的女孩，想要传达的含义是不能光凭外表来确定一个人的特征个性。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“‘Wecategoriseimmediatelyandwithoutthinking,’saysDovidio.‘Andwestereotypeothersnotjustontheirappearance,howtheydressoract,but—wrongly—ontheirraceandsextoo.’(‘我们会不假思索地立即进行分类。’Dovidio说：‘我们不仅在外表、穿着和行为上对他人抱有刻板印象，而且——错误地——在种族和性别上也抱有刻板印象。’)”可知人们会不假思索地立即对他人按照刻板印象进行分类，由此可知，人们对他人进行刻板印象归类是一种下意识的举动，人们无法控制自己对他人的反应。故选C。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Ontheotherhand,Jim,anotherhighschoolstudent,says‘bylabellingpeoplewe’reactuallyhighlightingsimilaritiesnotdifferences.Ifwedidn’tstereotype,itwouldmakemanythingstodayimpossible.Thinkofmarketingstudiesfocusedonspecificaudiences,orclubsforpeoplewithsimilarinterestsor,hobbies.’(另一方面，另一名高中生Jim说：‘通过给人贴标签，我们实际上是在强调相似之处，而不是不同之处。如果我们没有刻板印象，这将使今天的许多事情变得不可能。想想针对特定受众的营销研究，或者针对具有相似兴趣或爱好的人的俱乐部。’)”可知，Jim认为通过给人群贴标签可以找到群体的相似性，如果没有刻板印象的话，针对特定受众的市场调查、俱乐部等就无法实现。由此可知，Jim对刻板印象的态度是积极的。故选A。DItwasamethodfavouredbytheinventorThomasEdisonandtheartistSalvadorDali.Wakingfromanapexactlyatthepointbeforedeepsleepinanefforttoinspirecreativity.Edisonheldametalballinhishandsothatifhenoddedoffhewoulddropitandthesoundwouldwakehim.ForDali,itwasakeylandingonaplate.Nowscientistshavefoundthattheymighthavebeenontosomething.ResearchersattheParisBrainInstitutestudiedpeople’sabilitytofindahiddenruleinamathspuzzle.Identifyingthetrickwouldmakesolvingtheproblemfarsimplerbuttodosorequiredthinkingcreatively.Thescientistsfoundthatparticipantswhohadbeenwokenjustbeforefallingintoadeepsleep,usingatechniquelikethatusedbyEdisonandDali,weremorelikelytofindtheshortcut.This“twilightzone”isknownasnon-rapideyemovementsleepstage1,orN1.Scientistsdescribeditlikeanexaggeratedformofmind-wandering,wheredream-likethoughtsfillthemind.Itisthoughtthataspeoplestarttodisengage(脱离)fromtheirenvironmenttheycan“freelywatchtheirmindswander,whilemaintainingtheirabilitytoidentifycreativesparks(火花)”.Forthestudy103peopleweregivenamathsproblemtosolve.Toreachthefinalanswertheyhadtoapplytherulesstepbystepbut,unknowntothem,a“hiddenrule”wouldallowthemtobypassmostofthestepsandgettothesolutionmuchmorequickly.Theresultsshowedthat83percentofthoseintheN1grouphadfoundtheshortcut,comparedwith31percentinthegroupwhowereawakeand14percentofthoseinadeepsleep.Researchersconcludethatthebrainactivitycommontothetwilightzonebetweensleepandwakefulnesssetoffcreativesparks.“Althoughtheneuralmechanisms(神经机制)involvedarenotyetknown,ourfindingssuggestthatthereisacreativesweetspotwithinthetwilightzone,”saidDrThomasAndrillon,co-authorofthestudy.13.Whydidtheauthormention“ametalball”and“akey”inParagraph2?A.Toclarifyamethod.B.Toexplainatheory.C.Topresentaconcept.D.Tomakeacomparison.14.Whatcanwelearnabout“thetwilightzone”fromthetext?A.Itpreventsyourmindfromwandering.B.Itdetermineswhatyourdreamswillbelike.,C.Itisknownasrapideyemovementsleepstage.D.Itisastateofbeinghalfasleepandhalfawake.15.Whatdoes“theshortcut”inParagraph5referto?A.Themathsproblem.B.Thefinalanswer.C.Thehiddenrule.D.Theaddedstep.16.WhatattitudemayDrThomasAndrillonholdtothetechniqueusedbyEdisonandDali?A.Doubtful.B.Critical.C.Indifferent.D.Favorable.【答案】13.A14.D15.C16.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍来自爱迪生和达利的启示：临睡状态可激发创造力。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段提到了爱迪生和达利偏爱的一个激发创造力的方法“Wakingfromanapexactlyatthepointbeforedeepsleepinanefforttoinspirecreativity.(在深度睡眠前从午睡中醒来，以激发创造力)”和第二段“Edisonheldametalballinhishandsothatifhenoddedoffhewoulddropitandthesoundwouldwakehim.ForDali,itwasakeylandingonaplate.(爱迪生手里拿着金属球为了当他低头时，金属球掉在地上的声音唤醒他。对于达利来说，他拿的是掉在盘子的钥匙)”可知，通过“金属球”和“钥匙”更直观地介绍了这种方法的操作方式，故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。由最后一段第一句话“…thetwilightzonebetweensleepandwakefulness…”可知“thetwilightzone”为半睡半醒状态。故选D。【15题详解】词义猜测题。由上文“a“hiddenrule”wouldallowthemtobypassmostofthestepsandgettothesolutionmuchmorequickly.”可知，“隐藏规则”可使他们绕过大多数步骤，更快地找到答案。再结合划线单词所在句“Theresultsshowedthat83percentofthoseintheN1grouphadfoundtheshortcut(结果显示，在N1组中，83%的人找到了theshortcut)”可知，此处划线单词theshortcut指代前文的thehiddenrule“隐藏规则”。故选C。【16题详解】推理判断题。最后一段“Researchersconcludethatthebrainactivitycommontothetwilightzonebetweensleepandwakefulnesssetoffcreativesparks.（研究人员得出结论，睡眠和清醒之间的模糊地带的大脑活动会激发创造力的火花）”可知，研究结果证实临睡状态可激发创造力火花，同时博士的话“ourfindingssuggestthatthereisacreativesweetspotwithinthetwilightzone（我们的发现表明临睡状态确实存在创造力的最有效,点）”推知，博士对爱迪生和达利使用的技术的态度是肯定的。故选D。EAcrossIndia,summerscanbeextreme.Temperaturesoutdoorscansoarto124°F(51℃),highenoughtomeltthesurfaceofthestreets.Millionsofurbanlower-incomefamiliesliveintiny,one-roomhousescrammedtogether.Suchshackshavetinandasbestos(石棉的)roofs.Thesematerialsabsorbthesun’sheat,ratherthanreflectitbackintotheatmosphere.Additionally,onlyafewtreesgrowbetweenthejam-packedhouses.Makingmattersworseistheresidents’poverty.Mosthouseholdscannotaffordtorunairconditionersandcoolers.Allthesefactorsmaketheinsideofthesetinyhousesextremelyhot.Undersuchconditions,residentsfinditdifficulttolive,letalonework.Productivitydeclines.Socialworkersandscientistshaverealizedthatthequickestwaytocoolsuchhousesistochangetheirroofs.That’sbecausetheroofreceivesthemostdirectsunlight.Climateresearcherscameupwithmanystrategiestoproducecoolroofs.Oneeasywaywaswithpaint.Light-coloredsurfacesreflectmoreheatthandarkerones,soroofspaintedwhitewouldbecoolerthanthosepaintedinanyothercolor.Thiswasn’tanewidea.Infact,Indianshavetraditionallywhitewashedhomeswithchuna.TheannualMonsoonrains,though,washthechunaaway.Climateexpertshopedthatthewhitepaintswouldlastlonger.Researchfindingsrevealedthatpaintingalonecouldbringdowntheheatbyupto9℉(5℃).Problemspersist,though.Whilethepaintisfairlycheap,poorpeoplecannotafforditwithoutfinancialhelp.Inaddition,thesunlightbouncingoffwhite-toppedroofsmakesthemtoobrighttolookat.Residentsusuallyusetheroofsfordryingwetclothesandvegetables,likechilies.Buttheglarefromthewhitenedsurfacesmakesittoughforthemtodothesetasks.Athirdproblemisthatwhite-roofedbuildingsreflectthesun’sraysthroughouttheyear.Ironically,thismakesroofstoocoolinregionswherewintersgetextremelycold.Andkeepingwarmiscostly,too.Despitethesedrawbacks,manyhouseholdsaresupportersofcoolroofinitiatives.Formost,thebenefitsoftheroofsoutweightheirflaws.Indeed,thewhitepainthasgiventheirlivesanewlight.17.WhatisafactorcontributingtoIndianhouses’extremeheat?A.Thebuildingmaterialsoftheroofs.B.Residents’lackofgreenawareness.C.Theinfluenceoftheglobaleconomy.D.Therebeingnotreesinthecommunity.18.Whyiswhitepaintagoodchoiceaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Itiseffective.B.Itisinnovative.C.Itisreplaceable.D.Itislong-lasting.19.Whatproblemcomeswithwhitepaintroofs?A.Theirbrightnesswillleadtocolorblindness.B.Thepaintwillbecometooexpensivetoafford.,C.Itwillbeinconvenienttodrystuffontheroofs.D.Residents’livingcostwillbehigherinsummer.20.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Light-coloredpaints.B.Ahouse-coolingstrategy.C.White-roofedbuildings.D.Anenergy-savinginitiative.【答案】17.A18.A19.C20.B【解析】【导语】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了用白油漆涂屋顶来降温的方法。【17题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Suchshackshavetinandasbestos(石棉的)roofs.Thesematerialsabsorbthesun’sheat,ratherthanreflectitbackintotheatmosphere.Additionally,onlyafewtreesgrowbetweenthejam-packedhouses.Makingmattersworseistheresidents’poverty.Mosthouseholdscannotaffordtorunairconditionersandcoolers.Allthesefactorsmaketheinsideofthesetinyhousesextremelyhot.(这样的棚屋有锡和石棉屋顶。这些材料吸收太阳的热量，而不是将其反射回大气层。此外，只有几棵树生长在拥挤的房屋之间。更糟糕的是当地居民的贫困。大多数家庭买不起空调和冷却器。所有这些因素使这些小房子的内部非常热)”并结合选项可知，屋顶的建筑材料是导致印度房屋过热的因素之一。故选A。【18题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Oneeasywaywaswithpaint.Light-coloredsurfacesreflectmoreheatthandarkerones,soroofspaintedwhitewouldbecoolerthanthosepaintedinanyothercolor．(最简单最快速的一个降温方法是给屋顶涂白油漆。浅色表面比深色表面反射更多的热量，所以涂成白色的屋顶会比其他颜色的屋顶更凉爽)”可知，白油漆是一个好的选择是因为能反射更多的热量，更有效。故选A。【19题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Problemspersist,though.Whilethepaintisfairlycheap,poorpeoplecannotafforditwithoutfinancialhelp.Inaddition,thesunlightbouncingoffwhite-toppedroofsmakesthemtoobrighttolookat.Residentsusuallyusetheroofsfordryingwetclothesandvegetables,likechilies.Buttheglarefromthewhitenedsurfacesmakesittoughforthemtodothesetasks.(不过，问题依然存在。虽然油漆相当便宜，但如果没有经济援助，穷人买不起。此外，阳光从白色屋顶上反射回来，使它们太亮了，让人看不见。居民们通常用屋顶来晾晒湿衣服和蔬菜，比如辣椒。但白化表面的强光让它们很难完成这些任务)”可知，从白色屋顶上反射的光太亮，使人睁不开眼，这使得在屋顶上晾干东西很不方便。故选C。【20题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第三段的“Climateresearcherscameupwithmanystrategiestoproducecool,roofs.Oneeasywaywaswithpaint.Light-coloredsurfacesreflectmoreheatthandarkerones,soroofspaintedwhitewouldbecoolerthanthosepaintedinanyothercolor.(气候研究人员想出了许多制造凉爽屋顶的策略。一个简单的方法是用颜料。浅色的表面比深色的表面反射更多的热量，所以刷成白色的屋顶比刷成其他颜色的屋顶更凉爽)”和最后一段“Despitethesedrawbacks,manyhouseholdsaresupportersofcoolroofinitiatives.Formost,thebenefitsoftheroofsoutweightheirflaws.Indeed,thewhitepainthasgiventheirlivesanewlight.(尽管有这些缺点，许多家庭都是冷屋顶倡议的支持者。对大多数人来说，屋顶的好处大于缺点。事实上，白色的油漆给他们的生活带来了新的曙光)”可知，本文主要介绍了用白油漆涂屋顶来降温的策略。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Youmayhaveseenthemstandingaloneinafarmer’sfield.Withthinarmsandastrangesmile,theystandguardoverthecropsdayandnight.____21____ScarecrowshavebeenaroundsinceatleastthetimeoftheancientEgyptians.Backthen,farmerscoveredwoodenframeswithnetstoprotectwheatfields.____22____Around2500BCE,theGreeksmadethefirsthuman-likescarecrows.TheyaddedafacewhichwassimilartothatoftheGreekgodPriapus.____23____TheRomanslatercopiedthisdesignandbroughtittoEurope.CenturiesaftertheRomansmarchedthroughEurope,peoplearoundtheworldwerecreatingtheirownscarecrows.InJapan,scarecrowswereshapedlikepeopleinraincoatsandstrawhats.InGermany,scarecrowsweremadetolooklikewitches.____24____IntheoldestbookofJapaneseliterature,TheKojiki,ascarecrownamedKuebikoappears.Thoughhecan’twalk,Kuebikoisakindofall-knowinggod.Inthemid-19thcentury,writerNathanielHawthornebroughtscarecrowsintoliteraturewiththeshortstory“Feathertop.”Inthistale,awitchwhopraystotheDevilbringsascarecrowtolife.Thenthereisthemostfamousscarecrow.Hisnameissimply“Scarecrow,”andheappearsinTheWonderfulWizardofOz.Inthechildren’snovel,ScarecrowjoinsDorothy,TinManandtheCowardlyLiononanadventuretomeetthewizardofthemagicallandofOz.____25____Asidefromtheseexamples,scarecrowshavefeaturedinrocksongsandascharactersincomicbooks.OnHalloween,theyarebroughtoutasscarydecorations.Bothpracticalandcreepy,scarecrowscontinuetocaptureourimagination.A.Scarecrowsappeareverywhereintheworld.B.Wecanneverignoretheinfluenceofstoriesaboutscarecrow.,C.Theyarescarecrows,whosejobhasgoneunchangedforthousandsofyears.D.Theywouldhideinthewheat,andthenjumpouttoscarebirdsintotheirnets.E.Thiswasthoughttobescaryenoughtokeepbirdsawayfromtheirpreciousfields.F.Throughouttheyears,scarecrowshavemademanyappearancesinpopularculture.G.Scarecrowhasappearedinfilmsandplaysaroundtheworldsincethereleaseofthebook.【答案】21.C22.D23.E24.F25.G【解析】【导语】本篇为说明文。介绍了稻草人(scarecrow)的来历以及其形象在文学作品和其他文娱领域的应用。【21题详解】根据上文“Youmayhaveseenthemstandingaloneinafarmer’sfield.Withthinarmsandastrangesmile,theystandguardoverthecropsdayandnight.(你可能见过它们独自站在农民的田地里。它们长着瘦弱的手臂，带着奇怪的微笑，日夜守护着庄稼)”并结合下文对稻草人的介绍推知，空处应承上启下，C项“Theyarescarecrows,whosejobhasgoneunchangedforthousandsofyears.(它们是稻草人，它们的作用几千年来没有改变)”符合题意，既指出上文提到的就是稻草人，又引出下文对稻草人的介绍。故选C。【22题详解】上文“ScarecrowshavebeenaroundsinceatleastthetimeoftheancientEgyptians.Backthen,farmerscoveredwoodenframeswithnetstoprotectwheatfields.(至少在古埃及时代，稻草人就已经出现了。当时，农民们用网覆盖木框来保护麦田)”介绍了农民用网盖住木架子来保护小麦，由此推知下文应该是在讲农民的其他做法。D项“Theywouldhideinthewheat,andthenjumpouttoscarebirdsintotheirnets.(他们会躲在麦子里，然后跳出来把鸟儿吓到网里)”符合题意，选项中的they指代上文的farmers。故选D。【23题详解】根据上文“Around2500BCE,theGreeksmadethefirsthuman-likescarecrows.TheyaddedafacewhichwassimilartothatoftheGreekgodPriapus.(大约在公元前2500年，希腊人制造了第一个人形稻草人。他们添加了一张与希腊神普里阿普斯相似的脸)”可知，希腊人制作的稻草人添加了与阿普斯相似的脸。由此推知，空处陈述这样做的目的是什么。E项“Thiswasthoughttobescaryenoughtokeepbirdsawayfromtheirpreciousfields.(这被认为是足够可怕的，使鸟类远离他们宝贵的土地)”符合题意，选项中this指代上文“他们添加了一张与希腊神普里阿普斯相似的脸”这种做法。故选E。【24题详解】空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“IntheoldestbookofJapaneseliterature,TheKojiki,ascarecrownamedKuebikoappears.Thoughhecan’twalk,Kuebikoisakindofall-knowinggod.Inthemid-19thcentury,writerNathanielHawthornebroughtscarecrowsintoliteraturewiththeshortstory“Feathertop.”Inthistale,awitchwho,praystotheDevilbringsascarecrowtolife.(在日本最古老的文学作品《歌之木》中，出现了一个名叫“酷比子”的稻草人。虽然不能走路，但他是一个无所不知的神。19世纪中期，作家纳撒尼尔·霍桑以短篇小说Feathertop将稻草人引入文学。在这个故事中，一个女巫向魔鬼祈祷，使稻草人活了过来)”可知，本段介绍的是稻草人在文学作品中的运用。F项“Throughouttheyears,scarecrowshavemademanyappearancesinpopularculture.(多年来，稻草人在流行文化中多次出现)”符合本段主旨。故选F。【25题详解】空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“Hisnameissimply“Scarecrow,”andheappearsinTheWonderfulWizardofOz.Inthechildren’snovel,ScarecrowjoinsDorothy,TinManandtheCowardlyLiononanadventuretomeetthewizardofthemagicallandofOz.(他的名字很简单，叫“稻草人”，他出现在《绿野仙踪》中。在这本儿童小说中，稻草人与多萝茜、铁皮人和胆小的狮子一起冒险，去遇到神奇的奥兹国的巫师)”可知，上文陈述了稻草人在《绿野仙踪》中的形象。由此推知，下文内容应与此相关。G项“Scarecrowhasappearedinfilmsandplaysaroundtheworldsincethereleaseofthebook.(自从这本书出版以来，稻草人已经出现在世界各地的电影和戏剧中)”符合题意，选项中的thisbook指代上文的提到的TheWonderfulWizardofOz一书。故选G。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwaswaitinginacheckoutline.Awomanandtwoboyswereaheadofme.Atthecashdesk,awhite-hairedmanhadbegunto____26____hisgoods.Thencamethebarrier.Sometimesit’sacustomerwithmultiplecoupons(优惠券),orsomeonewhoforgotto____27____apieceoffruit.Fairenough.One____28____.Buttoday,itwassomethingelse.Themandidn’thave____29____money.Sohebegantheprocessofchoosingwhich____30____tokeepandwhichtohandback.He____31____overeachonebeforekeepingorabandoningit.Wewaited.Longerlinessurgedahead.Eventually,his____32____cametoanend.Themanturnedbacktousasheleft,____33____andapologetic.We____34____offhischagrin(懊恼).Itcouldhappentoanyone.ButIhadnoideajusthow____35____thefamilyofthreeaheadofmewereuntiltheirturncame.Thewomanaskedthecashiertoaddallthe____36____goodstoherbillasquicklyaspossible.Thenthetwoboys____37____throughtheexitwiththesmallbagofgroceries.Whentheyreturned,itwasclearthattheirmissionhadbeen____38____.,ThenIrealizedallittooktowitnessthisflashof____39____waswaitingalittlelongerinacheckoutlineIcouldhavecaughtthebus.ButIfeltso____40____onmyfeetthatIwalkedhomeinstead.26.A.bagB.listC.checkD.receive27.A.fetchB.sliceC.weighD.taste28.A.leftB.waitedC.shoutedD.joked29.A.adequateB.pocketC.extraD.bonus30.A.toolsB.itemsC.drinksD.snacks31.A.doubtedB.grabbedC.shiftedD.paused32.A.delayB.evaluationC.checkupD.selection33.A.thrilledB.anxiousC.embarrassedD.satisfied34.A.blewB.wavedC.cutD.kicked35.A.helplessB.sympatheticC.patientD.annoyed36.A.expensiveB.thrown-awayC.left-behindD.major37.A.dashedB.slippedC.walkedD.moved38.A.accomplishedB.failedC.postponedD.started39.A.tendernessB.courageC.kindnessD.tolerance40.A.fastB.heavyC.clumsyD.light【答案】26.A27.C28.B29.A30.B31.D32.D33.C34.B35.B36.C37.A38.A39.C40.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在商店结账时，遇到了一位钱不够的老人，排在作者前面的女士和两个男孩为老人留下的物品付了钱。26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在收银台，一位白发老人已经开始打包他的货物。A.bag装进袋子；B.list列清单；C.check检查；D.receive收到。根据上文“Atthecashdesk,awhite-hairedmanhadbegunto”可知，指在收银台打包自己要买的物品。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时是有很多优惠券的顾客，或者是忘记称水果重量的人。A.fetch取来；B.slice切成薄片；C.weigh称重；D.taste品尝。根据上文“Sometimesit’sacustomerwithmultiplecoupons,orsomeonewhoforgotto”主要描述了收银台存在的问题，即有时是有很多优惠券的顾客，或者是忘记称水果,重量的人。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个人等着。A.left离开；B.waited等待；C.shouted喊叫；D.joked开玩笑。根据前文“Iwaswaitinginacheckoutline.”可知，此处指作为公平，别人在买单时，另一个人在旁边等待。故选B。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个人没有足够的钱。A.adequate足够的；B.pocket袖珍的；C.extra额外的；D.bonus奖金。根据后文“tokeepandwhichtohandback”可知，老人没有足够的钱买下所有的东西。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是，他开始选择哪些要保留，哪些要归还。A.tools工具；B.items物品；C.drinks饮料；D.snacks小吃。此处指第一段中“hisgoods”提到的物品，他开始选择哪些要保留，哪些要归还。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在每一个东西上都停下来，然后保留或放弃。A.doubted怀疑；B.grabbed抓；C.shifted转移；D.paused暂停。根据后文“Wewaited.Longerlinessurgedahead.(我们等待着。排在前面的队伍越来越长)”可知，他在每一个东西上都停下来，然后保留或放弃。故选D。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，他选完了。A.delay推迟；B.evaluation评估；C.checkup检查；D.selection选择。根据后文“Themanturnedbacktousasheleft”可知，老人终于选完了东西。故选D。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那人离开时转身对着我们，尴尬而又抱歉。A.thrilled激动的；B.anxious焦虑的；C.embarrassed尴尬的；D.satisfied满意的。根据后文“andapologetic”指老人因为耽误了别人的时间尴尬而抱歉。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们挥手示意他不要懊恼。A.blew吹；B.waved挥舞；C.cut切割；D.kicked踢。根据后文“offhischagrin.Itcouldhappentoanyone”可知，队伍后面的人挥手示意他不要懊恼，故选B。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我不知道前面那一家三口是多么富有同情心，直到轮到他们。A.helpless无助的；B.sympathetic同情的；C.patient耐心的；D.annoyed生气的。根据后文提到这家人买下了老人的,东西送给老人，可知很有同情心。故选B。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这名妇女要求收银员尽快把所有剩下的货物加到她的账单上。A.expensive昂贵的；B.thrown-away信口开河的；C.left-behind被遗忘的，遗留的；D.major主要的。对应上文“beforekeepingorabandoningit”指老人丢下的东西。故选C。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，这两个男孩拿着那小包食品从出口冲了出去。A.dashed猛冲；B.slipped滑动；C.walked散步；D.moved移动。根据上文“goodstoherbillasquicklyaspossible”可知，时间紧急，这两个男孩拿着那小包食品从出口冲了出去。故选A。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们回来时，很明显他们的任务已经完成了。A.accomplished完成；B.failed失败；C.postponed延期；D.started开始。根据上文“Whentheyreturned,itwasclearthattheirmissionhadbeen”可知，男孩回来说明东西已经送到了，即任务已经完成了。故选A。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我意识到，示意他不要懊恼。A.tenderness柔软；B.courage勇气；C.kindness善良；D.tolerance忍受。根据上文了这一家人帮助了老人。可知，示意他不要懊恼。故选C。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我觉得我的脚轻松，我走回家了。A.fast快速的；B.heavy沉重的；C.clumsy笨拙的；D.light轻的。根据后文“Iwalkedhomeinstead”走路回家是因为感觉脚步轻松，故选D。第二节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)A阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ManyforeignersfirstlearnaboutChineseculturethroughnumerousChineserestaurants___41___(find)allovertheworld.ThesecondimpressionofChinesecultureisoftenPekingOpera,___42___masksarenowalmostsymbolicofChina.Manycountriesdesignposters___43___(use)PekingOperamaskstosignala“YearofChineseCulture”.___44___impressespeoplemostistheartisticbeautyofPekingOperamasks,whichservetwopurposes.Oneistoindicatetheidentityandcharacteroftherole.Forexample,aredfacemeansthatthepersonisloyalandbrave___45___awhitefaceidentifiesthepersonasfoxyandevil.Theotherpurposeistoexpresspeople’s___46___(assess)oftherolesfromamoralandaesthetic(美学的)pointofview,suchasrespectable,hatefulornobleetc.,ZhangFei,aheroiccharacterfromThreeKingdomsPeriod(220-280),hasa___47___(face)designintheshapeofabutterfly—___48___perfectcombinationofpersonalityandartisticdesign.ThebeautyofthecoloranddesignofPekingOperamasksaddstotheattractiveperformance___49___stage.Therefore,PekingOperamasks___50___(adopt)asasourceelementindesigningmanyChinesefolkhandicrafts,posters,andfashions.【答案】41.found42.whose43.using44.What45.while46.assessment47.facial48.a49.on50.areadopted【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了京剧脸谱。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多外国人第一次了解中国文化是通过遍布世界各地的中餐馆。动词find和Chineserestaurants之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，故填found。【42题详解】考查定语从句。句意：对中国文化的第二印象往往是京剧，京剧脸谱现在几乎是中国的象征。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是PekingOpera，关系词在从句中作定语，和masks之间是所属关系，应用关系代词whose引导，故填whose。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多国家用京剧脸谱来设计海报，标志着“中国文化年”。动词use和逻辑主语countries之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词，作状语，故填using。【44题详解】考查主语从句。句意：给人印象最深的是京剧脸谱的艺术美，它有两个目的。分析句子可知，空处引导主语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用连接代词what，首字母应大写，故填What。【45题详解】考查连词。句意：例如，红脸意味着这个人忠诚和勇敢，而白脸则意味着这个人狡猾和邪恶。结合句意可知，空前后表示对比，应用连词while，故填while。【46题详解】考查名词。句意：另一个目的是表达人们从道德和审美的角度对角色的评价，比如可敬的、可恨的或高贵的等等。结合空前的people’s可知，此处应填名词作宾语，assessment评价，不可数名词，故填,assessment。【47题详解】考查形容词。句意：张飞是三国时期（220-280）的英雄人物，他的面部设计是蝴蝶形的——个性与艺术设计的完美结合。此处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词design，facial面部的，形容词，故填facial。【48题详解】考查冠词。句意同上。combination用作可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，perfect是以辅音音素开头的次，应用a，故填a。49题详解】考查介词。句意：京剧脸谱的色彩和图案之美为舞台上的表演增添了吸引力。onstage在舞台上，固定短语，故填on。【50题详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：因此，京剧脸谱被用作许多中国民间工艺品、海报和时装设计的来源元素。主语masks和动词adopt之间是被动关系，且句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是名词复数，be动词用are，故填areadopted。B阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThewoodedhillsofNewEnglandhideasecret--theyweren'talwaysforested.Insteadmanywereoncecoveredwithroadsandfarms.This“lost”NewEnglandofthecolonialerahasstartedtoemerge,thankstoarchaeologistspiercingtheforestswiththeir____51____(late)devicecalledLightDetectionandRanging(LiDAR).LiDARrevealsfarmwalls,roadsandhomesteadshiddenwithinConnecticut’sPachaugStateForest.Fromvillages____52____(sink)underwatertocitieslostintheriseandfallofmilllife,theseghosttownsoffer____53____uniquelookintotherichhistoryofthepast.Thesearchaeologicalfeaturescouldnot____54____(see)withoutthecutting-edgetechnologythatbounceslasersofftheground____55____thengeneratesprecisepicturesofsurfacefeatures.Scientistsusingthesamekindoftechnologyhavemadenew____56____(discover)whilelookingatMayancities,theplainofStonehenge,andEuropeanpalaces.Howdidthesefarmsbecomelostinthefirstplace?____57____wasdocumented,accordingtoarchaeologists,thattherehadoncebeenextensivefarmingacrossNewEngland.Butwithindustrialization,peoplestartedtoheadwestandabandonedthefarmstheyoncedepended____58____.Theforestseventuallytookover,,coveringthewalls,roads,andhomesuntiltherecentfindings.Now____59____(carry)astrongculturallegacyofpasthumanactivity,thewoodlandhasbecomeaquietmonumentto____60____we’velostinthedevelopmentofcivilization.【答案】51.latest52.sunk53.a54.beseen55.and56.discoveries57.It58.on##upon59.carrying60.what【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了考古学家们用他们最新的设备--光探测和测距(LiDAR)，这种技术将激光从地面反射回来，然后生成精确的地表特征图片，给考古活动带来了新的发现。【51题详解】考查形容词的最高级。句意：多亏了考古学家们用他们最新的设备穿透森林——光探测和测距(LiDAR)，这个殖民时代失落的新英格兰地区开始出现了。设空处应为形容词修饰空后的名词device，根据空前的the，可知设空处为形容词最高级。故填latest。【52题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从被淹没在水下的村庄，到在磨坊生活的兴衰中迷失的城市，这些废弃的城镇提供了一个独特的视角来了解过去丰富的历史。设空处在句中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语之间是逻辑的被动关系，故应用动词的过去分词的形式。故填sunk。【53题详解】考查冠词。句意同上。设空处后为可数名词look，表泛指，应用不定冠词a。故填a。【54题详解】考查被动语态。句意：如果没有尖端技术，这些考古特征是不可能被看到的，这种技术将激光从地面反射回来，然后生成精确的地表特征图片。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语thesearchaeologicalfeatures之间是被动关系，空前为情态动词，故设空处应为含有情态动词的被动语态。故填beseen。【55题详解】考查连词。句意同上。结合句意，设空处后的“generates”和空前的“bounces”并列，应用and。故填and。【56题详解】,考查名词。句意：科学家们使用同样的技术，在观察玛雅城市、巨石阵平原和欧洲宫殿时，有了新的发现。设空处前为形容词，形容词修饰名词，设空处应为名词的形式，因空前无冠词修饰，应用复数的形式。故填discoveries。【57题详解】考查代词。句意：据考古学家记载，新英格兰地区曾经有过大规模的农业活动。设空处在句中作形式主语，真正的主语为“thattherehadoncebeenextensivefarmingacrossNewEngland.（新英格兰地区曾经有大规模的农业。）”，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填It。【58题详解】考查介词。句意：人们开始向西迁移，放弃了他们曾经赖以生存的农场。固定搭配dependon/upon依靠。故填on/upon。【59题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，森林承载着过去人类活动的深厚文化遗产，成为我们在文明发展过程中失去的东西的安静的纪念碑。设空处在句中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语thewoodland之间是逻辑的主动关系。故填carrying。【60题详解】考查宾语从句。句意同上。设空处引导宾语从句且在句中作指物的宾语。故填what。第四部分写作(满分25分)61.假如你是李华。暑假到来之际，你打算邀请在你校学习的英国交换生Mike游玩成都一天，请你根据以下要点给Mike发一封邮件。1.发出邀请2.日程安排及理由3.询问对方意见注意：1.词数100左右;2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearMike,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________,Yours,LiHua【答案】DearMike,Iamwritingtoinviteyoutogooutforadayforthecomingsummerholiday.Hereisabriefschedule.Sincewearelivinginthecenterofthecity,weneedtosetoffalittlebitearlier,atabout6am,andreturnatabout5pm.Aimingtorelaxourselves,severalactivitiesarearranged,includingfishing,swimmingandbarbecue.Consideringthefoodsafety,wewillbringfreshwater,foodsandsnacksalongwithus.Ofcourse,abusisbookedaheadoftime,andwhatyouarerequiredtodoistobeattheschoolgateontime.Ifitisconvenientforyou,Idohopeyouwillcometojoinus.Doyouhaveanysuggestionsforthisouting?Yours，LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件，邀请英国交换生Mike在暑假到来之际，游玩成都一天。【详解】1.词汇积累出发，启程：setoff→setout组织，安排：arrange→organise提前：aheadoftime→inadvance要求：require→request2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Hereisabriefschedule.拓展句：Hereisabriefschedule,whichIthinkwillbeofgreatusetous.【点睛】【高分句型1】Aimingtorelaxourselves,severalactivitiesarearranged,includingfishing,swimmingandbarbecue.（运用了现在分词作状语）【高分句型2】Ofcourse,abusisbookedaheadoftime,andwhatyouarerequiredtodoistobeattheschoolgateontime.（运用了what引导的主语从句）听力答案：1-5BACAC6-10BACAB11-15BCAAC16-20ACBCB