四川省成都石室中学2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期中考试试题（Word版附解析）

成都石室中学2022—2023学年度下期高2024届半期考试英语试卷满分150分考试时间：120分钟第I卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C，三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whowilltakethewomanhometoday?A.Eric.B.Tommy.C.Jane.2.WhatpayingmethoddoesTimmostlysuggest?A.WeChatpay.B.Bankcards.C.Creditcards.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Afestival.B.Anancestor.C.Akindoffood.4.Whendoesthewoman’sflighttakeoff?A.ThisSaturday.B.ThisSunday.C.ThisFriday.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.It’sextremelyhotoutside.B.Shecan’twaittoswim.C.Swimmingisnotbeneficialtolosingweight.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。请听第6段材料，回答6至7题。6Whydidthemanchoosethecafearoundthecorner?A.Foritsbettertaste.B.Foritsshorterdistance.C.Foritslowerprice.,7.Howmuchwillthewomanpay?A.10dollars.B.16dollars.C.20dollars.请听第7段材料，回答8至9题。8.Whatjobmaythemanwanttoapplyfor?A.Awaiter.B.Asciencetutor.C.Alabassistant.9.Wherecanthemangetinformationaboutthejobs?A.Fromhisteachers.B.Inhisschoollab.C.Ontheuniversitywebsite.请听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.What’shappenedtothewoman’sT-shirt?A.Itbecomessmaller.B.Itbecomespink.C.Itbecomesdirty.11.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Followtheinstructions.B.Dry-cleantheclothes.C.Throwawaythelabel.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandemployee.B.Clerkandcustomer.C.Husbandandwife.请听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Drivingacar.B.Seeingadoctor.C.WatchingTV.14.Whyisthewomanglad?A.Hereyesightisbetterthanbefore.B.Sheneedn’twearglassesanymore.C.Nothingmoreserioushappenstoher.15.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Takeoffherglasses.B.Usecomputersless.C.Doeyeexercises.16.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardswearingglasses?A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Indifferent.请听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.What’s“InterestingCulture”?,A.Aradioprogram.B.Aschoollecture.C.Asocialclub.18.Wheredoesapersonsingsongsinwesternkaraoke?A.Atatable.B.Onastage.C.Inaroom.19.Whousuallycontrolsthesongsinwesternkaraoke?A.Thesinger.B.Theaudience.C.TheDJ.20.HowdoesasingerchoosesongsinChina’skaraoke?A.Bywritingonapaper.B.Byselectingonascreen.C.ByturningtotheDJ.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AYoumayhaveseentheterm"bulletjournal"floatingaroundonline,butwhatexactlyisabulletjournal?Thisarticlewillhighlighttheusesforabulletjournalandwhythey'regreatforpeoplewhowishtobemoreorganized.Whatisabulletjournal?Abulletjournalisaplannersystemwhichallowsyoutoplanforthefuture,trackthepastandkeepyourlifeorganizedwithlistsseparatedbybulletpoints.Itisaplaceforyoutocreateclear,yetsimpleto-dolistsandaplacetokeepanoteofyourlifegoalsandaspirations.Whatdoesithelpwith?Abulletjournalisperfectforpeoplewholikewritingliststokeepthemselvesorganized.They'regreatfordoingasahobbyandyoucangetcreativewiththewayyoupresentyourlists.They'realsoperfectforpeoplewhoconstantlywritedownto-dolistsormakehand-writtennotes.Whyisitimportant?Abulletjournalisimportantbecauseweallfeelbetterwhenourlifeisorganized.Organizationcanreducestressandmakeyouhappier.Havingyourlifeinorder,youwillknowexacdywhatyouhavetodoeverydaysothatyoucanrememberallofyourlifegoals.Howtocreateabulletjournal?Theinstructionswillhelpyouembarkonyourbulletjournal.Step1.FindorbuyablanknotebookAnynotebookwithblankpageswilldobecauseifyouaresomeonewhoiscreativeandartistic,youcan,decoratethenotebookanywayyoulike.Step2.FindorbuypensIt'sbesttostartoffsimpleandchooseapenthatyoufindeasytouseandthatyouwouldfeelcomfortablewritingwitheveryday.Step3.MonthliesInthissection,youcanputalistofimportantdatesforthatparticularmonth.Step4.DailiesandWeekliesPutallofyourdailyorweeklytasksinthissectionsothatyoudon'tforgetanythingthatyouhavetododuringthatdayorweek.Step5.LifeGoalsKeepalifegoalssection.Thiscanincludedifferentcollectionsofgoals,suchascareer,relationships,placesyouwishtovisitandsoon.Nowstartyourbulletjournal!1.Bulletjournalsareintendedforthosewhohopeto_______.A.keeplifeinorderB.leadarelaxinglifeC.highlighttheirprogressD.reducetheirworkload2.Keepingbulletjournalshelpspeople_______.A.developartistictasteB.getridofstressC.buildabettermoodD.giveupahobby3.Whichofthefollowingismostlikelytobeincludedinabulletjournal?A.Weeklyexpenses.B.Appointmentswithadentist.C.Weatherforecasts.D.Passwordstoyourcomputer.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。这篇文章将强调子弹日记的用途，以及为什么它对那些希望更有条理的人很有用。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据Whatisabulletjournal?中Abulletjournalisaplannersystemwhichallowsyoutoplanforthefuture,trackthepastandkeepyourlifeorganizedwithlistsseparatedbybulletpoints.Itisaplaceforyouto,createclear,yetsimpleto-dolistsandaplacetokeepanoteofyourlifegoalsandaspirations.“项目日志是一种计划系统，它可以让你计划未来，跟踪过去，让你的生活井然有序。这是一个让你创建清晰而简单的任务清单的地方，也是一个记录你的生活目标和愿望的地方。”由此可知，Bullet日记是为那些希望生活有秩序的人准备的。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Whyisitimportant?中的Abulletjournalisimportantbecauseweallfeelbetterwhenourlifeisorganized.Organizationcanreducestressandmakeyouhappier.“一个Bullet日记很重要，因为当我们的生活井然有序时，我们都会感觉更好。井井有条可以减少压力，让你更快乐。”由此可知，坚持写Bullet日记可以帮助人们建立一个更好的心情。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据Step5.LifeGoals中Keepalifegoalssection.Thiscanincludedifferentcollectionsofgoals,suchascareer,relationships,placesyouwishtovisitandsoon.“保留生活目标部分。这可以包括不同的目标集合，比如职业、人际关系、你想去的地方等等。”由此可知，与牙医的约会最有可能包含在Bullet日记里。故选B。BStuttering（口吃）hasnothingtodowithintelligence.IknowthisbecauseIstutter.Ifittakesmeawhilelongertosayaword,it'snotbecauseIcan'tremembertheword;it'sbecausetheneural(神经的）pathwaythattransformswordsinmyheadintosoundsinmymouthiswireddifferently.Anddifferences,ofcourse,arethebestwaytogetnegativeattentioninoursociety.Takingextratimetogetmywordsoutcansurelybefrustrating,butthat'snothingcomparedtothemiseryofdealingwithpeople'sreactions.Almostallchildrenwhostutterarediscouragedfromspeakinginonewayoranother.It'susuallynotasdirectassomeonewalkinguptothemandsaying,“Hey,stutteringkid!Keepyourmouthshut!”Butwhenyourvoicecausesadultsandpeerstosnicker（窃笑）orrolltheireyes,it'sprettydiscouraging.Growingup,Ilearnedtoavoidspeakingwheneverpossible.Ihatedwhatcameoutofmymouth,fullofawkwardbreaksandpauses.IfiguredwhateverfutureIhad,itprobablyinvolvedavowofsilence.TodayFmatouringauthorandcomedian.Ittookme30-somethingyearstogetoverstuttering.DidIstopstuttering?No!Icouldn'tstopifIwantedto.ButIstoppedwantingtostop.Insteadofwastingallmytimeandenergytryingtomeetunattainablestandards,Ilearnedthatit'sOKtostutter.AndIlearnedbyexample.IattendedtheNationalStutteringAssociationconferenceandmetallkindsofpeoplewhostutter—peoplewhodidn'thatethemselves,whodidn'tsilencethemselves.Theystuttered,andtheywereOKwithit!Irememberwatchingthemandthinking,"That'swhoIwanttobe!",There'sapopularsayingincomedy:"Yourweaknessisyourstrength."WhenIfirstenteredmylocalopen-micscene,Iwasquicklymetwithsome"smart"guyslookingtoscoreacheaplaughatmyexpense.Irememberintroducingmyselftoonecomedianandstutteringonmyname,asIusuallydo.Eagertodemonstratehissmartness,hereplied,"IsthatNinawithfiveNs?""No,"Isaid,"it'sNinawithtwoNs!"Justlikethat,Ihadcreatedajokeastheresultofsomeonemakingfiinofmystutter.Tothisday,wheneverIneedinspirationforanewjoke,IjustthinkaboutalltheridiculouscommentsIgetfromnon-stutteringpeople.It'sacomedygoldmine!4.Ittakestheauthorlongertosayawordbecauseshehas_______.A.acomparativelylowIQB.troubleinorganizingideasC.arelativelysmallbrainD.problemsinherneuralsystem5.Whatannoystheauthormostaboutherstutteringis_______.A.theunfriendlyreactionsofothersB.thedifficultyinmemorisingwordsC.herunpromisingfutureasastuttererD.herembarrassingpausesduringtalks6Theauthorgotoverstutteringby_______.A.adjustingherattitudetowardsitB.gettinghelpfromnon-stutterersC.tellingherselfconstantlytostopitD.silencingherselfwheneverpossible7.Paragraph5ismainlyabouttheauthor's_______.A.successasacomedianB.respectforothercomediansC.resistancetoothers'strengthD.acceptanceofherimperfection【答案】4.D5.A6.A7.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者花了30多年克服了口吃的毛病，并成为一名巡回演出的作家和喜剧演员。作者认为克服口吃最重要的是，改变对口吃的态度并接受自己的不完美。【4题详解】,细节理解题。根据文章第一段“it'sbecausetheneural(神经的）pathwaythattransformswordsinmyheadintosoundsinmymouthiswireddifferently.(这是因为将我大脑中的文字转换成嘴里的声音的神经通路是不同的。)”可知，因为她的神经系统有问题，所以作者说一个字要花更长的时间。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Butwhenyourvoicecausesadultsandpeerstosnicker（窃笑）orrolltheireyes,it'sprettydiscouraging.(但是，当你的声音会导致成人和同伴偷笑窃或不以为然，这很令人沮丧。)”可推断出，她口吃最让作者恼火的是别人不友好的反应。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段和特别是第四段“Insteadofwastingallmytimeandenergytryingtomeetunattainablestandards,Ilearnedthatit'sOKtostutter.(我并没有浪费时间和精力去达到无法达到的标准，我意识到了口吃是没关系的。)”可推断出，作者从尽量避免说话到克服了口吃的毛病，是因为作者通过调整自己的态度克服了口吃。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第五段首句“There'sapopularsayingincomedy:"Yourweaknessisyourstrength."(在喜剧中有一句流行的谚语：“你的弱点就是你的长处。”)”和后文作者举自己向一位喜剧演员介绍自己的事例可知，本段作者告诉我们要学会接受自己的不完美。故选D。【点睛】推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们要严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词句，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。如小题2根据文章第二段“Butwhenyourvoicecausesadultsandpeerstosnicker（窃笑）orrolltheireyes,it'sprettydiscouraging.(但是，当你的声音会导致成人和同伴偷笑窃或不以为然，这很令人沮丧。)”中带有感情色彩的词句“it'sprettydiscouraging”可推断出，她口吃最让作者恼火的是别人不友好的反应，从而推断出答案。CNomatterwheretheyliveintheworld,ingeneral,womenarebetteratempathizingwithotherpeoplethanmen,accordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalPNAS.Cognitiveempathyiswhenapersonisintellectuallyabletounderstandwhatsomeoneelsemightbethinkingorfeeling.Soif,forinstance,apersonistellinghehadabadtimewithhisfamilyovertheholiday,apersonwithcognitiveempathywouldunderstandhowthatbadtimemakesthepersonfeelbyintellectuallyputtinghim/herinthatotherperson’sshoes.It’sdifferentfromemotionalempathy:apersonfeelsanotherperson’semotionsandrespondswithanappropriatereactionoremotion.Forinstance,ifsomeoneiscryingaboutabrokenrelationship,apersonwith,emotionalempathywouldstarttofeelsadtoo,andfeelcompassionforthatperson.There’satestonUniversityofCambridge’swebsitethattestsbothformsofempathy.Toconductthisnewstudy,researchersusedthe“EyesTest”.Thetestasksparticipantstolookatphotosoftheareaaroundaperson’seyes.Thepersonismakingaparticularkindoffacialexpression,andthestudyparticipantmustidentifywhatthatpersonisthinkingorfeelingfromasetofpossibilities.TheauthorsofthestudyworkedatUniversityofCambridgeinBritainandHarvardUniversityintheUSA,Bar-IlanUniversityandHaifaUniversityinIsrael,aswellasattheIMTSchoolforAdvancedStudiesLuccainItaly.Mixingtheirresultswithlargesamplesfromdifferentonlineplatforms,theauthorsofthestudycapturedresultsfromnearly306,000peopleacross57countriesincludingArgentina,Croatia,Egypt,India,JapanandNorway.In36countries,womenscoredonaveragesignificantlyhigherintheircognitiveempathyscoresthanmendid.In21ofthecountries,women’sandmen’sscoresweresimilar.Therewasn’tasinglecountryinwhichmenscoredbetter,onaverage,thanwomen.Theresultsheldacrosseightlanguagesandwereconsistentacrossthelifespan,frompeopleaged16—70yearsold.Insomeoftheearlierstudies,sexdifferencesinempathyweresometimesattributedtobiologicalandsocialfactors.Understandingsexdifferencesinempathycouldhelpscientistsbetterunderstandwhycertainmentalhealthproblemsimpactmorementhanwomen,theresearcherssaid.8.Whichofthefollowingcanbeclassifiedasemotionalempathy?A.Apersoncanunderstandthedilemmaofanotherperson.B.Anurseshowsconcernforthepatientbymanylittleattentions.C.Afriendcanhelpagirlcontrolherfeelingofmissingherdeadmother.D.Astudentiscryingabouthisfailingtest,andhisclassmateiscryingtoowithhim.9.Whatwastheresearchers’purposeinusingthe“EyesTest”?A.Toinspiretheparticipantstoempathize.B.Todifferentiatethetwoformsofempathy.C.Torecognizetheparticipants’visualsense.D.Tomeasuretheparticipants’empathylevels.10.Whatdidtheresearchersdofortheirstudy?A.Theycollecteddatafromaroundtheglobe.B.Theybuiltmanyonlineplatformstocollectdata.C.Theyinterviewedmillionsofpeopleworldwide.D.Theytraveledgloballytomeetrelatedexperts.,11.Whatdoweknowaboutthesexdifferencesinempathyfromthestudy?A.Theywillevenincreasewithpeopleaging.B.Theyareunrelatedtotheculturaldifferences.C.Theyaremoreobviousindevelopedcountries.D.Theyarethecausesofmentalhealthproblems.【答案】8.D9.D10.A11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项收集了大量数据的研究表明，总的来说，无论生活在世界哪个地方，女性都比男性更善于与他人共情。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“It’sdifferentfromemotionalempathy:apersonfeelsanotherperson’semotionsandrespondswithanappropriatereactionoremotion.Forinstance,ifsomeoneiscryingaboutabrokenrelationship,apersonwithemotionalempathywouldstarttofeelsadtoo,andfeelcompassionforthatperson.（它不同于情感共情：一个人感受到另一个人的情绪，并以适当的反应或情绪做出回应。例如，如果有人为一段破裂的关系哭泣，一个有情感共情的人也会开始感到悲伤，并对那个人感到同情。）”可知，情感共情是感受到另一个人的情绪并做出回应，因此D项“一个学生因为考试不及格而哭，他的同学也跟着哭”符合情感共情的定义和事例，可归为情感共情。故选D项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Thetestasksparticipantstolookatphotosoftheareaaroundaperson’seyes.Thepersonismakingaparticularkindoffacialexpression,andthestudyparticipantmustidentifywhatthatpersonisthinkingorfeelingfromasetofpossibilities.（测试要求参与者看一个人眼睛周围区域的照片。这个人正在做出一种特殊的面部表情，研究参与者必须从一系列可能性中识别出这个人在想什么或感觉什么。）”和倒数第二段中“In36countries,womenscoredonaveragesignificantlyhigherintheircognitiveempathyscoresthanmendid.In21ofthecountries,women’sandmen’sscoresweresimilar.（在36个国家中，女性在认知共情方面的平均得分明显高于男性。在21个国家中，女性和男性的得分相似。）”可知，在“眼睛测试”中参与者需根据眼睛周围区域的照片判断一个人的想法和感觉，研究最后据此对男性和女性的共情能力打分。由此推知，研究者使用“眼睛测试”是为了测量参与者的共情水平。故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Mixingtheirresultswithlargesamplesfromdifferentonlineplatforms,theauthorsofthestudycapturedresultsfromnearly306,000peopleacross57countriesincludingArgentina,Croatia,Egypt,India,JapanandNorway.（该研究的作者将他们的研究结果与来自不同在线平台的大量样本相结合，从包括,阿根廷、克罗地亚、埃及、印度、日本和挪威在内的57个国家的近30.6万人中获取了结果。）”可知，研究者为该研究收集了来自全球的数据。故选A项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Theresultsheldacrosseightlanguagesandwereconsistentacrossthelifespan,frompeopleaged16—70yearsold.（研究结果适用于8种语言，并在16岁至70岁的人群中保持一致。）”可知，研究结果显示共情能力方面的性别差异在多个语言区域适用。由此推知，这种差异与文化差异无关。故选B项。DArchaeologistsinGermanyhaveuncoveredsomeoftheearliestevidenceoftheuseofclothing,withnewlydiscoveredcutmarksonacavebear’spawssuggestingtheprehistoricanimalwasskinnedforitsfursome300,000yearsago.ThediscoveryinSchöningen,northernGermany,isexcitingbecausedespitethewrittenrecordsofcavemenandwomencoveredinfurinsomepopularcultures,verylittleistrulyknownabouthowearlyhumansclothedtheirbodies.Fur,leatherandotherorganicmaterialstypicallycan’tbepreservedbeyond100,000years.“Thestudyissignificantbecausedirectevidenceofprehistoricclothingisscantandweknowrelativelylittleabouthowhumansinthedeeppastwereprotectingthemselvesfromcoldwinters.Fromthisearlytimeperiod,thereareonlyahandfulofsitesthatshowevidenceofbearskinning,withSchöningenprovidingthemostcompletepicture,”saidstudyauthorIvoVerheijenfromTübingenUniversityinGermany.Cavebearswerelargeanimals,aboutthesizeofpolarbears,thatwentextinctabout25,000yearsago.Thecavebear’sfur,whichhaslongouterhairsthatformanairyprotectivelayer,andshort,densehairsthatprovidegoodinsulation(隔离),wassuitableformakingsimpleclothingorbedding.Theclothinginthesiteprobablywrappedthehumanbodywithoutcarefultailoring.Theeyedneedlesneededtosewmoreexcellentdesignsdidn’temergeinthearchaeologicalrecorduntilabout45,000yearsago.“Wefoundthecutmarksonthecavebear’shandsandfeetwhereverylittlemeatorfatispresentonthebones,whicharguesagainstthecutmarksoriginatingfromthebutcheringoftheanimal,”Verheijensaid.“Intheselocations,theskinismuchclosertothebones,whichmakesmarkingthebonesinevitablewhenananimalisbeingskinned.”TheSchöningensiteinGermanyismostfamousforthediscoveryoftheoldestknownwoodenweaponsthatwereusedtokillprey300,000yearsago.Butit’sstillchallengingtofigureoutexactlywhenancienthumansbeganwearingclothing.Geneticstudiesoflice(跳蚤)indicatethatclothingliceseparatedfromtheirhumanheadlouseancestorsatleast83,000yearsagoandpossiblyasearlyas170,000yearsago,whichsuggestshumanswerewearingclothesbeforemajormigrationsoutof,Africa.Bonetoolsfoundinwhat’snowMoroccosuggestthathumanswereprocessinganimalskins90,000to120,000yearsago.12.WhatdidarchaeologistsfindinSchöningen?A.Furofacavebear.B.Boneswithcutmarks.C.Piecesofprehistoricclothing.D.Evidenceofprehistorichunting.13.Whatdoestheword“scant”underlinedinparagraph3probablymean?A.Notcorrect.B.Notverymuch.C.Notvaluable.D.Notclearenough.14.WhatdidVerheijenaimtodoinparagraph6?A.Togiveanexplanation.B.Toprovidesomeexamples.C.Tooffermoredetailsofthestudy.D.Toshowtheimportanceofthestudy.15.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Previousstudiesonhumanclothing.B.Theprocessofstudyinghumanclothing.C.Othernewdiscoveriesofhumanclothing.D.Anunsolvedmysteryabouthumanclothing.【答案】12.B13.B14.A15.A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。研究表明，德国考古学家发现了一些最早使用衣服的证据。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ArchaeologistsinGermanyhaveuncoveredsomeoftheearliestevidenceoftheuseofclothing,withnewlydiscoveredcutmarksonacavebear’spawssuggestingtheprehistoricanimalwasskinnedforitsfursome300,000yearsago.(德国考古学家发现了一些最早使用衣服的证据，新发现的洞熊爪子上的切割痕迹表明，大约30万年前，这种史前动物被剥皮以获取皮毛。)”和第二段的“ThediscoveryinSchöningen,northernGermany(这个德国北部Schöningen的发现)”可知，在Schöningen考古学家发现了带有切割痕迹的洞熊的爪子，也就是骨头。故选B。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据前文“Thestudyissignificant(这项研究意义重大)”和下文“weknowrelativelylittleabouthowhumansinthedeeppastwereprotectingthemselvesfromcoldwinters.(对于远古时代的人类如何抵御寒冷的冬天，我们所知相对较少。)”可知，这个发现意义重大，我们对于远古时代的人类如何抵御寒冷的冬天所知相对较少，因为关于史前服装的直接证据很少,因此划线词与B项“不是太多”意思相近。故选,B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段““Wefoundthecutmarksonthecavebear’shandsandfeetwhereverylittlemeatorfatispresentonthebones,whicharguesagainstthecutmarksoriginatingfromthebutcheringoftheanimal,”Verheijensaid.“Intheselocations,theskinismuchclosertothebones,whichmakesmarkingthebonesinevitablewhenananimalisbeingskinned.”(Verheijen说:“我们在洞熊的手和脚上发现了切痕，骨头上几乎没有肉或脂肪，这证明切痕不是来自于动物的屠杀。”“在这些地方，皮肤离骨头更近，这使得动物在剥皮时不可避免地要在骨头上做标记。”)”可知，在这一段Verheijen讲述了更多的研究细节，因此推断目的是给出解释。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Butit’sstillchallengingtofigureoutexactlywhenancienthumansbeganwearingclothing.Geneticstudiesoflice(跳蚤)indicatethatclothingliceseparatedfromtheirhumanheadlouseancestorsatleast83,000yearsagoandpossiblyasearlyas170,000yearsago,whichsuggestshumanswerewearingclothesbeforemajormigrationsoutofAfrica.Bonetoolsfoundinwhat’snowMoroccosuggestthathumanswereprocessinganimalskins90,000to120,000yearsago.(但要弄清楚古代人类开始穿衣服的确切时间仍然是一个挑战。对虱子的基因研究表明，衣服虱子至少在8.3万年前，甚至可能早在17万年前就与人类头虱的祖先分离了，这表明在人类大规模迁徙出非洲之前，人类就已经穿衣服了。在现在的摩洛哥发现的骨骼工具表明，人类在9万到12万年前就开始加工动物皮了。)”可知，最后一段讲述了早前对于古代人类衣服的一些研究,故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Humansweremadeforwalking.Withouruprightpostureandstronglegmuscles,ourbodieswereactuallydesignedwithwalkinginmindwhichmakesitsuchperfectexercise.It’skindtoourbodiesandgreatforourwaistlines.____16____Maybeyoualreadylovetowalk,butyou’regettingtiredoftracingthesameoldroutedayafterday,ormaybeyou’renewtowalkingandaren’tsurehowtogetstarted.____17____Askyourself,whatdoyouwanttogetoutofwalkingasidefromthehealthbenefits?Doyouwanttomeetotherpeople?Seenewplaces?Getoutintothecountrysideorexploreanewcity?Knowingyourgoalswillhelpyoudecideonthetypeofwalkyouwanttodo.Ifmakingfriendsandsocializingisyourgoal,callupyourfriendsandschedulewalkswiththem.____18____Manymallshavegroupsthatcomeeveryday,oreveryweekend,to“walkthemall.”Thesegroupsarealways,happytoincludeonemorewalker!___19___Manylargecitieshaveincrediblegardensandparksthatincludequietwalkingtrailsgettingyouoffthebeatenpath.ThankstotheRailstoTrailsprogram,railwaysacrossthecountryarebeingtransformedintoscenicwalkingpathsthatareaperfectwaytoseekcalmness.Fromthebenefitstoyourhearttoyouroverallhappiness,walkingisjustplaingoodforyou.____20____It’safantasticwaytogettoknowaplacebythepowerofyourowntwofeet.A.Headedtoanewcity?B.Thismonth,pickupamapandstartwalking.C.Askyourfriendswheretheyliketowalkandjustgothere.D.Eitherway,it'stimetoaccepttheideaofwalkingwithapurpose.E.Andbestofall,it’sagreatwaytoseenewthingsandmeetnewpeople!F.Recently,sciencehasprovedthatwalkingisgoodforyourbodyshape.G.Ifyou'reafterwalkingalone,askaboutlocalhikesthatgetyououtoftownandintothecountryside.【答案】16.E17.D18.C19.G20.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了散步对人的一些好处，以及如何选择散步路线的建议。从对你的心脏的好处到你整体的快乐，步行对你来说是非常好的。文章最后倡导人们开始步行起来。【16题详解】根据上文Humansweremadeforwalking.Withouruprightpostureandstronglegmuscles,ourbodieswereactuallydesignedwithwalkinginmindwhichmakesitsuchperfectexercise.It’skindtoourbodiesandgreatforourwaistlines.可知，人是为行走而生的。由于我们直立的姿势和强壮的腿部肌肉，我们的身体实际上是为步行而设计的，这使得步行成为一种完美的锻炼。它对我们的身体有好处，对我们的腰围也有好处。由此可知，本句承接上文继续说明步行的好处。故E选项“最重要的是，这是一个认识新事物和认识新朋友的好方法!”符合上下文语境，故选E。【17题详解】结合后文Askyourself,whatdoyouwanttogetoutofwalkingasidefromthehealthbenefits?Doyouwanttomeetotherpeople?Seenewplaces?Getoutintothecountrysideorexploreanewcity?Knowingyourgoalswillhelpyoudecideonthetypeofwalkyouwanttodo.可知，问问你自己，除了健康益处，你还想从散步中得到什么？你想认识其他人吗？看到新地方吗？走出家门去乡下还是去探索一个新的城市？了解你的目标将帮助你决定你想要走的类型。由此可知，本句是在说明要带着目标步行，后文一系列设问句是在解释如何寻找目标。故选D项“不管怎样，现在是时候接受带着目标走路的想法了”符合上下文语境，故选D。,【18题详解】根据上文Ifmakingfriendsandsocializingisyourgoal,callupyourfriendsandschedulewalkswiththem.可知，如果交朋友和社交是你目标，打电话给你的朋友，安排和他们一起散步。由此可知，如果想要和朋友一起散步社交，那么需要了解他们喜欢去哪里散步。故C选项“问问你的朋友他们喜欢去哪里散步，然后就去那里”符合上下文语境，故选C。【19题详解】根据后文Manylargecitieshaveincrediblegardensandparksthatincludequietwalkingtrailsgettingyouoffthebeatenpath.可知，许多大城市都有令人难以置信的花园和公园，里面有安静的步行道，让你远离人迹罕至的小路。由此可知，本段是在说明如果想一个人散步，可以选择的散步地点是离开城镇后安静的步行道。故G选项“如果你想一个人散步，可以问问当地的徒步旅行，这样你就可以离开城镇，去乡下了”符合上下文语境，故选G。【20题详解】根据上文Fromthebenefitstoyourhearttoyouroverallhappiness,walkingisjustplaingoodforyou.可知，从对你的心脏的好处到你整体的快乐，步行对你来说是非常好的。结合本段为文章最后一段，有总结上文的作用，上文提到了散步的好处和选择，那么此处应当是倡导人们开始步行。故B选项“这个月，拿起一张地图，开始步行”符合上下文语境，故选B。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Highschoolgraduationsareoneofthemostimportantmomentsinateenager’slife.However,headingintothe____21____onJune6th,Davidwasstoppedatthedoorbyagatekeeper.Soyoucanimaginehow____22____Davidwas.Althoughhissneakerswerenotextremelyunacceptable,Davidlearnedtheywerein____23____oftheschool’sdresscodeandhewas____24____entry.Davidwasaboutto____25____hischancetowalkacrossthestagewithhisclassmatewhenhecaughtsightofa____26____face.Butler,afamouslocaleducator,cametothegraduationasaparent.LearningDavid’sunpleasantsituation,he____27____theyoungmanbacktotheentrytoseeifhecould____28____thegatekeeper’smind.“Iwashopingthatshewouldletitgo,butshe____29____notlettingthisyoungmanin,andIdidn’thavetimeto_____30_____withher,”Butlersaid.“Iwasn’tgoingtolethimmissthemost_____31_____momentinhislifeforanything.”Withoutmissingabeat,Butlersimplychangedhis_____32_____withDavid.Justasthe,_____33_____closed,Davidmadeitinsidethehall.Eventuallyhe_____34_____Davidfromruininghisgraduationday.Althoughfirstly_____35_____bythelast-minutesubstitution,Butler’sfamilywerethrilledthathisquickthinkingturnedavery_____36_____situationintoajoyfulcelebration.“Iwasn’t_____37_____becauseMr.Butlerisalwayshelpful,”a_____38_____parentofDavid’ssaid.It’ssaidthatatruly_____39_____manwillgivetheshirtoffhisbacktosomeoneinneed.Nowitseems,thesayingalso_____40_____totheshoesoffhisfeet.21.A.festivalB.conferenceC.ceremonyD.exhibition22.A.eagerB.upsetC.thrilledD.frightened23.A.violationB.favorC.honorD.place24.A.enviedB.guaranteedC.allowedD.refused25.A.destroyB.missC.seizeD.abandon26.A.strangeB.happyC.friendlyD.serious27.A.accompaniedB.invitedC.pushedD.directed28.A.readB.drawC.relaxD.change29.A.agreedonB.complainedaboutC.insistedonD.arguedabout30.A.reasonB.talkC.quarrelD.bargain31.A.decisiveB.unbelievableC.importantD.appropriate32.A.shirtB.giftsC.roleD.shoes33.A.eventB.doors.C.schoolD.curtains34.A.savedB.preventedC.benefitedD.excused35.A.annoyedB.entertainedC.confusedD.worried36.A.sensitiveB.urgentC.ridiculousD.ugly37.A.surprisedB.excitedC.disappointedD.annoyed38.A.considerateB.gratefulC.lovingD.proud39.A.inspiredB.optimisticC.generousD.wealthy40.A.contributesB.refersC.turnsD.applies【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.B26.C27.A28.D29.C30.A31.C32.D33.B34.A35.C36.D37.A38.B39.C40.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了David因为穿的鞋子违背了学校的着装标准，被拒绝进入参加毕业典,礼。一位著名的教育家Butler与他交换了鞋子，从而使他没有错过这个重要的时刻。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在6月6日的典礼上，David在门口被一个门卫拦住了。A.festival节日；B.conference会议C.ceremony仪式；D.exhibition展览。根据前一句“Highschoolgraduationsareoneofthemostimportantmomentsinateenager’slife.（高中毕业典礼是青少年一生中最重要的时刻之一。）”可知，David要去参加“毕业典礼仪式”，故选C。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以你可以想象David有多苦恼。A.eager渴望的，热切的；B.upset心烦的，苦恼的；C.thrilled非常兴奋的，激动的；D.frightened害怕的。根据前一句“Highschoolgraduationsareoneofthemostimportantmomentsinateenager’slife.（高中毕业典礼是青少年一生中最重要的时刻之一。）”可知，毕业典礼非常重要，但David却被门卫拦住了，肯定很心烦，故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管他的运动鞋并非完全不可接受，但David得知这违反了学校的着装规定。A.violation违反；B.favor支持，帮助；C.honor光荣，荣誉；D.place地方。从前一句“Davidwasstoppedatthedoorbyagatekeeper”，David被门卫拦住不让进学校可推断，他穿的鞋子“违反”了学校的着装规定，故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管他的运动鞋并非完全不可接受，但David得知这违反了学校的着装规定，他被拒绝进入。A.envied嫉妒；B.guaranteed保证；C.allowed允许；D.refused拒绝。从前一句“Davidwasstoppedatthedoorbyagatekeeper”可知，David被门卫拦住不让进，是被“拒绝”进入，故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：David正要错过和同学一起走过舞台的机会，这时他看到了一张友好的脸。A.destroy毁坏；B.miss错过；C.seize抓住；D.abandon抛弃，放弃。一旦被拒绝进入，David就会“错过”毕业典礼，“错过”和同学一起走过舞台的机会，故选B。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：David正要错过和同学一起走过舞台的机会，这时他看到了一张友好的脸。A.strange奇怪的；B.happy快乐的；C.friendly友好的；D.serious严重的，严肃的。从下文可知，Butler帮忙劝说门卫改变主意，甚至把自己鞋子脱给David，说明他是一个很友好的人，故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：得知David不愉快的处境，他陪这个年轻人回到入口处，看看他是否能改变看,门人的想法。A.accompanied陪伴；B.invited邀请；C.pushed推，督促；D.directed指导，指示。Butler陪同David一起去入口处，表示“陪伴”，故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：得知大卫不愉快的处境，他陪这个年轻人回到入口处，看看他是否能改变看门人的想法。A.read阅读；B.draw绘画；C.relax放松；D.change改变。门卫之前不允许David进入，但Butler想劝说门卫放他进去，所以是“改变”门卫的主意。故选D。【29题详解】考查打破迷关从短语辨析。句意：我希望她会放手，但她坚持不让这个年轻人进来。A.agreedon商定，意见一致；B.complainedabout抱怨；C.insistedon执意继续做；D.arguedabout争论。门卫之前不让David进，这次还是不让进，说明她执意继续这么做，故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有时间和她讲道理。A.reason推理，思考，争辩；B.talk说话，讨论；C.quarrel争吵，吵架；D.bargain讨价还价。Butler想劝说门卫放David进去，就会和她“讲道理”，故选A。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不会让他错过他生命中最重要的时刻。A.decisive决定性的，决断的；B.unbelievable难以置信的；C.important重要的；D.appropriate合适的。根据第一段“Highschoolgraduationsareoneofthemostimportantmomentsinateenager’slife.（高中毕业典礼是青少年一生中最重要的时刻之一。）”可知，毕业典礼是David生命中最“重要的”时刻。故选C。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Butler毫不迟疑地和大卫换了鞋子。A.shirt衬衫；B.gifts礼物；C.role角色；D.shoes鞋子。从上文得知，David穿的鞋子违背了学校着装规定，被拒绝入校。为了解决这个问题，Butler和他交换“鞋子”。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着门关上，David走进了大厅。A.event事件；B.doors门；C.school学校；D.curtains窗帘。David走进大厅，“门”被关上，故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终他救了David，让他没有毁了自己的毕业典礼。A.saved挽救，救助，储蓄，保留，节约；B.prevented阻止；C.benefited有益于，受益；D.excused原谅，宽恕。本来David会因为穿着不当错过毕业典礼的，但Butler却想出办法让他顺利参加了，相当于“挽救”了局面，故选A。,【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于Butler在最后一分钟交换鞋子的做法，尽管他的家人一开始很困惑，但很快又很激动。他把一个非常令人不快的局面变成了一场欢乐的庆祝活动。A.annoyed（使）恼怒；B.entertained使快乐，款待；C.confused使困惑；D.worried使担忧。一开始，Butler的家人“不理解”他在最后一分钟交换鞋子的做法，故选C。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于Butler在最后一分钟交换鞋子的做法，尽管他的家人一开始很困惑，但很快又很激动。他把一个非常令人不快的局面变成了一场欢乐的庆祝活动。A.sensitive敏感的；B.urgent紧急的；C.ridiculous荒谬的；D.ugly难看的，令人不快的。turn…into…表示“把……变成……”，两个形容词应该形成对比。joyful表示“快乐的，高兴的”，所以ugly“令人不快的”符合文意，故选D。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：David的一位家长感激地说：“我并不感到惊讶，因为Butler总是乐于助人”。A.surprised惊讶的；B.excited兴奋的；C.disappointed失望的；D.annoyed恼怒的。根据后一句“Mr.Butlerisalwayshelpful,”可知，Butler经常帮助别人，那么此次帮助David也就不足为奇了。故选A。【38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：David的一位家长感激地说：“我并不感到惊讶，因为Butler总是乐于助人”。A.considerate考虑周到的，体贴的；B.grateful感激的；C.loving充满爱的，关爱的；D.proud骄傲的。Butler帮助David顺利参加了一生中最重要的毕业典礼，他的父母非常“感激”，故选B。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：据说一个真正慷慨的人会全力以赴帮助有需要的人。A.inspired受到启发的，精彩的；B.optimistic乐观的；C.generous慷慨的；D.wealthy富有的。从“manwillgivetheshirtoffhisbacktosomeoneinneed（把自己的衬衫脱下来给需要帮助的人）”可知，这个人是“慷慨的，大方的”，故选C。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在看来，这句谚语也适用于他脚上的鞋子A.contributesto有助于，导致；B.refersto参考，涉及，指的是；C.turnsto转向，求助于；D.appliesto适用于，运用。依据Butler帮助David的故事，谚语也可以写成“atrulygenerousmanwillgivetheshoesoffhisfeettosomeoneinneed”。所以说这句谚语也“适用于”以上情况，故选D。第II卷第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分),阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。ResearchersfromtheJohnsHopkinsUniversitySchoolofMedicinehavefollowedthemeal-timehabitsofmorethan500peopleforsixyears,____41____(find)weightchangeismostaffectedbythesizeand____42____(frequent)ofmealsratherthantheintervalfromfirsttolastmeal.Thestudychallengesthepopulartrendofintermittentfasting(禁食疗法)asausefulweightlossstrategy.Intermittentfasting,alsoreferredto____43____time-restrictedfeeding,isadietarystrategywhereallmeals____44____(consume)duringashortwindowoftimeeachday.Thesewindowscanspananywherefromsixtotenhours,resultinginapersonessentiallyfastingforupto18hourseachday.Throughtracking____45____(participant)dailymealtimesandsizesandcorrelatingthemwithweightlosspatternsoverasix-yearperiod,researchersrevealedtherewasnolinkbetweenthetimeofaperson’seatingwindoweachdayandweightchanges.“Timingofmealsmostlikelydoesn’tproduce____46____immediateimpactonweightloss,”saidBennett.“Whatdoesmakeadifferencetoweight,____47____,isthetotalnumberofmealsapersoneatsovertheday.Simplyeatingsmallermeals,lessfrequently,is____48____ultimatelyleadstoweightloss.Allofthis,ofcourse,doesn’tmeanintermittentfastingstrategieswon’thelp.Butitseemsincreasinglyclearthattheweightloss____49____(occasion)seenwiththeseeatingstrategiesmaybeprimarilydrivenbya_____50_____(reduce)caloricintake.【答案】41.finding42.frequency43.as44.areconsumed45.participants’46.an47.however48.what49.occasionally50.reduced【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究发现，影响体重变化的最大因素是用餐量和其频率，而不是从第一顿饭到最后一顿饭的间隔时间。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：约翰霍普金斯大学医学院的研究人员对500多人的用餐习惯进行了六年的跟踪调查，发现影响体重变化的最大因素是用餐的量和频率，而不是从第一顿饭到最后一顿饭的间隔时间。分析可,知，空处为非谓语形式，该空后面内容是前句造成的自然而然的结果，故用其现在分词状语，表示自然结果。故填finding。【42题详解】考查名词。句意：约翰霍普金斯大学医学院的研究人员对500多人的用餐习惯进行了六年的跟踪调查，发现影响体重变化的最大因素是用餐的量和频率，而不是从第一顿饭到最后一顿饭的间隔时间。介词by后接名词作宾语，空处应用其名词形式frequency与size并列。故填frequency。【43题详解】考查介词。句意：间歇性禁食，也被称为限时进食，是一种饮食策略，每天在短时间内吃完所有食物。(be)referredtoas...“被称为……”为固定搭配。故填as。【44题详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：间歇性禁食，也被称为限时进食，是一种饮食策略，每天在短时间内吃完所有食物。由句意可知，句子描述一般性的事实，用一般现在时，谓语动词consume和主语allmeals之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态。主谓一致，故填areconsumed。【45题详解】考查名词所有格。句意：通过跟踪参与者每日用餐时间和用餐量，并将其与六年内的减肥模式联系起来，研究人员发现，一个人每天的用餐窗口时间与体重变化之间没有联系。由句意可知，空处应用participant的名词所有格限定名词dailymealtimesandsizes，研究的参与者不止一个，故用其复数的所有格。故填participants’。【46题详解】考查冠词。句意：贝内特说：“吃饭的时间很可能不会对减肥产生立竿见影的影响。”此处impact为可数名词单数，用不定冠词限定表泛指。所连接的单词immediate发音以元音开头，故填an。【47题详解】考查连词。句意：然而，对体重有影响的是一个人一天中吃的总次数。前后两句话是转折关系，空处后有逗号隔开，应用表示转折的句子副词however。故填however。【48题详解】考查表语从句。句意：简单地，减少饮食的量与频率，是最终导致体重减轻的原因。分析可知，空处引导表语从句，应用连接代词what引导表语从句，作主语，意为“……的事”。故填what。【49题详解】考查副词。句意：但似乎越来越清楚的是，这些饮食策略偶尔会导致体重减轻，这可能主要是由减少热量摄入引起的。修饰过去分词seen用副词occasionally作状语。故填occasionally。【50题详解】,考查形容词。句意：但似乎越来越清楚的是，这些饮食策略偶尔会导致体重减轻，这可能主要是由减少热量摄入引起的。形容词reduced修饰名词caloricintake。故填reduced。第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(﹨)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Thecartrunkshopisaspecialfeatureofthenightmarket,provideanefficientandconvenientserviceforcustomers.Accordingtoanofficialincharge,customerflowincreaseddramaticallysincetheChineseLunarNewYear.ChangJiamingreachesatthecrowdednightmarket,unlockshisbeautifullydecoratedcartrunkandkicksuphismobilelemonteastall.Chang,aMacanese,alongwithhisgirlfriend,runtheteastall,theretheyalsosellHongKongandMacaosnacks.ChenMiao,theformeryogainstructor,nowrunsastallsellinghand-madericeballs.“WiththefitnessindustryhithardlybytheCOVID-19,shewasunemployedlastyear.”saidChen.Sheaddedthatbeforeconsideringnumerousoption,shefinallydecidedtolaunchthericeballstallatthenightmarket.【答案】1.provide→providing2.increased前加has3.删除at4.run→runs5.there→where6.the→a7.hardly→hard8.she→I9.before→after10.option→options【解析】【导语】本文是新闻报道。汽车后备箱商店是夜市一个特色，为顾客提供高效、便捷的服务。文章主要报道了常嘉明（音译）和他的女朋友一起经营着茶摊的事情。【详解】1.,考查非谓语动词。句意：汽车后备箱商店是夜市的一个特色，为顾客提供高效、便捷的服务。句中有谓语is，前后无连词，provide应用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语Thecartrunkshop和非谓语动词provide是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，故将provide改为providing。2.考查时态。句意：一位负责人表示，自中国农历新年以来，客流量大幅增加。由sincetheChineseLunarNewYear可知，谓语动词increase应用现在完成时，主语是customerflow，助动词应用has，故在increased前加has。3.考查动词。句意：常嘉明（音译）来到拥挤的夜市，打开装饰精美的汽车后备箱，打开他的移动柠檬茶摊。reach是及物动词，表示“到达”，后面不加介词，故删除at。4.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：常嘉明（音译），一个澳门人，和他的女朋友一起经营着这个茶摊，他们也在那里卖港澳小吃。alongwith连接主语时，谓语动词单复数取决于alongwith前面的主语，即Chang，为单数，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，谓语动词run应用三单形式，故将run改为runs。5.考查定语从句。句意：常嘉明（音译），一个澳门人，和他的女朋友一起经营着这个茶摊，他们也在那里卖港澳小吃。“theyalsosellHongKongandMacaosnacks”是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词theteastall，且从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where来引导定语从句，故将there改为where。6.考查冠词。句意：前瑜伽教练陈淼现在经营着一个手工饭团的摊位。此处泛指一位教练，应用不定冠词来修饰，且former发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a。故将the改为a。7.考查副词。句意：“由于健身行业受到2019冠状病毒疾病的严重打击，我去年失业了。”陈淼说。此处应用副词hard修饰动词hit，作状语，表示“猛烈地”，hardly表示“几乎不”，不合句意，故将hardly改为hard。8.考查代词。句意：“由于健身行业受到2019冠状病毒疾病的严重打击，我去年失业了。”陈淼说。此处表示“我说”，应用代词I作主语，故将she改为I。9.考查介词。句意：她补充说，在考虑了许多选择后，她最终决定在夜市推出饭团摊位。此处表示“在……之后”，应用介词after，故将before改为after。10.考查名词的数。句意：她补充说，在考虑了许多选择后，她最终决定在夜市推出饭团摊位。由numerous可知，此处应用可数名词option的复数作宾语，故将option改为options。第二节书面表达(满分25分)52.假定你是李华，作为一名交换生在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展，需要大量志愿者。请你根据以下要点写一封申请信：1.申请理由；2.个人优势(至少两条)；3.表达期望。注意：,1.词数应为100左右；2.可适当增添细节，使表达流畅。DearSir/Madam,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearSir/Madam,I’mLiHua,anexchangestudentfromChina.LearningthatvolunteerstudentsarewantedforaChinesepaintingexhibition,I’mwritingtoapplyfortheposition.IthinkI’mquiteequaltothepost.Tobeginwith,beingexposedtoEnglishsinceayoungageenablesmetocommunicatefluentlywithothers.Besides,yearsofbeingmonitormakesmeabrilliantorganizer,whichwillhelpalottokeeptheexhibitioninorder.Additionally,IcanmakefulluseofmyrelatedknowledgetohelpthevisitorslearnmoreabouttheuniqueChineseartform.Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldtakemyapplicationintoconsideration.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封申请信，报名参加当地美术馆的志愿者。【详解】1.词汇积累与某人沟通：communicatewithsb.→havecommunicationwithsb.非常：quite→extremely利用：makeuseof→takeadvantageof感谢的：grateful→thankful2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Tobeginwith,beingexposedtoEnglishsinceayoungageenablesmetocommunicatefluentlywithothers.拓展句：Tobeginwith,IhavebeenexposedtoEnglishsinceayoungage,whichenablesmetocommunicate,fluentlywithothers.【点睛】【高分句型1】LearningthatvolunteerstudentsarewantedforaChinesepaintingexhibition,I’mwritingtoapplyfortheposition.(运用了现在分词作状语和that引导的宾语从句)【高分句型2】Besides,yearsofbeingmonitormakesmeabrilliantorganizer,whichwillhelpalottokeeptheexhibitioninorder.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)