2023年高考真题——英语（全国乙卷）（Word版附解析）

2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国乙卷)英语第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分1.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inthebookstore.B.Intheregisteroffice.C.Inthedormbuilding.2.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Sunny.B.Cloudy.C.Rainy.3.Whatdoesthemanwanttodoontheweekend?A.Dosomegardening.B.Haveabarbecue.C.Gofishing.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Anewoffice.B.Achangeoftheirjobs.C.Aformercolleague.5.WhatdoweknowaboutAndrew?A.He’soptimistic.B.He’sactive.C.He’sshy.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whichofthefollowingdoesthewomandislike?A.Thebedroom.B.Thesittingroom.C.Thekitchen.7.Whatdoesthewomansuggesttheydonext?A.Gotoanotheragency.B.Seesomeotherflats.C.Visittheneighbours. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatisthemandoing?A.He’smakingaphonecall.B.He’schairingameeting.C.He’shostingaprogram.9.WhatmakesMrs.JohnsonworriedaboutherdaughterinAfrica?A.Lackofmedicalsupport.B.Inconvenienceofcommunication.C.Poortransportationsystem.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatpositiondoesthemanapplyfor?A.Asalesperson.B.Anengineer.C.Anaccountant.11.Whichaspectofthecompanyappealstotheman?A.Thecompanyculture.B.Thefreeaccommodations.C.Thecompetitivepay.12.Whatisdifficultforthemantodealwith?A.Interpersonalrelationships.B.Quality-quantitybalance.C.Unplannedhappenings.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.HowdoesRobertsoundwhenspeakingofhisbeingawriter?A.Hopeful.B.Grateful.C.Doubtful.14.WhatwasRobertlikebeforehewas9yearsold?A.Hehadwildimagination.B.Heenjoyedsports.C.Helovedscience.15.WhatdidRobert’sfatherdo?A.Ateacher.B.Acoach.C.Alibrarian.16.WhathelpedRobertbecomeawriter?A.Writingdaily.B.Listeningtostories.C.Readingextensively.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WherewasOpenTchaikovskyCompetitionheldin1986? A.InMoscow.B.InChelyabinsk.C.InBerlin.18.WhatdoesMaximsayaboutthecompetitionheattendedat10?A.Itinspiredmanyyoungmusicians.B.Itwasthemusiceventofhisdreams.C.Itwasalife-changingexperience.19.Whichkindofmusicaretheyoungplayersrequiredtoplay?A.Rockmusic.B.Popmusic.C.Classicalmusic.20.WhatdoesMaximvaluemostinyoungplayers’performance?A.Expressiveness.B.Smoothness.C.Completeness.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。APRACTITIONERSJacquelineFelicedeAlmania(c.1322)highlightsthesuspicionthatwomenpracticingmedicinefaced.BorntoaJewishfamilyinFlorence,shemovedtoPariswheresheworkedasaphysicianandperformedsurgery.In1322shewastriedforpracticingunlawfully.Inspiteofthecourthearingtestimonials(证明)ofherabilityasadoctor,shewasbannedfrommedicine.JamesBarry(c.1789—1865)wasbornMargaretBulkleyinIrelandbut,dressedasaman,shewasacceptedbyEdinburghUniversitytostudymedicine.Shequalifiedasasurgeonin1813,thenjoinedtheBritishArmy,servingoverseas.Barryretiredin1859,havingpracticedherentiremedicalprofessionlivingandworkingasaman.TanYunxian(1461—1554)wasaChinesephysicianwholearnedherskillsfromhergrandparents.Chinesewomenatthetimecouldnotserveapprenticeships(学徒期)withdoctors.However,Tanpassedtheofficialexam.Tantreatedwomenfromallwalksoflife.In1511,Tanwroteabook,SayingsofaFemaleDoctorRebeccaLeeCrumpler(1831—1895)workedasanurseforeightyearsbeforestudyinginmedicalcollegeinBostonin1860.Fouryearslater,shewasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantoreceiveamedicaldegree.ShemovedtoVirginiain1865,wheresheprovidedmedicalcareto ,describingherlifeasaphysician.freedslaves.1.WhatdidJacquelineandJameshaveincommon?A.Doingteachingjobs.B.Beinghiredasphysicians.C.Performingsurgery.D.Beingbannedfrommedicine.2.HowwasTanYunxiandifferentfromtheotherpractitioners?A.Shewroteabook.B.Shewentthroughtrials.C.Sheworkedasadentist.D.Shehadformaleducation.3.WhowasthefirstAfricanAmericanwithamedicaldegree?AJacquelineFelicedeAlmania.B.TanYunxian.C.JamesBarry.D.RebeccaLeeCrumpler.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四位从医人员的生平与事迹。【1题详解】细节理解题。通过文章第一部分中的“BorntoaJewishfamilyinFlorence,shemovedtoPariswheresheworkedasaphysicianandperformedsurgery.(她出生于佛罗伦萨的一个犹太家庭，搬到巴黎当医生并做外科手术)”以及第二部分中的“Shequalifiedasasurgeonin1813(她获得了做外科医生的资格)”和“Barryretiredin1859,havingpracticedherentiremedicalprofessionlivingandworkingasaman.(Barry于1859年退休，她以男人的身份生活和工作，从事了整个医学职业)”可知，Jacqueline和James的共同点是都有资格进行外科手术。故选C。【2题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，再根据文章第三部分中的“Tanwroteabook,SayingsofaFemaleDoctor,describingherlifeasaphysician.(Tan写了一本书《女医生的故事》，描述了她作为一名医生的生活)”可推知，Tan与其他从业人员的不同之处在于她写了一本书。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。通过文章第一部分中的“Fouryearslater,shewasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantoreceiveamedicaldegree.(四年后，她成为第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国女性)”可知，RebeccaLeeCrumpler是第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国人。故选D。B LivinginIowaandtryingtobecomeaphotographerspecializinginlandscape(风景)canbequiteachallenge,mainlybecausethecornstatelacksgeographicalvariation.AlthoughlandscapesintheMidwesttendtobequitesimilar,eitherfarmfieldsorhighways,sometimesIfinddistinctivecharacterinthehillsorlakes.Tomakesomeofmylandscapeshots,Ihavetraveleduptofourhoursawaytoshootwithina10-minutetimeframe.Itendtotravelwithafewofmyfriendstostateparksortothecountrysidetogoonadventuresandtakephotosalongtheway.Beingattherightplaceattherighttimeisdecisiveinanystyleofphotography.IoftenleaveearlytoseektherightdestinationssoIcansetupearlytoavoidmissingthemomentIamattemptingtophotograph.Ihavemissedplentyofbeautifulsunsets/sunrisesduetobeingonthespotonlyfiveminutesbeforethebestmoment.OnetimemyfriendsandIdrovethreehourstoDevil’sLake,Wisconsin,toclimbthepurplequartz(石英)rockaroundthelake.Afterwefoundacrazy-lookingroadthathungoverabunchofrocks,wedecidedtophotographthesceneatsunset.Thepositionenabledustolookoverthelakewiththesunsetinthebackground.Wemanagedtoleavethisspottoclimbhigherbecauseofthesparetimeuntilsunset.However,wedidnotmarktheroute(路线)soweendedupalmostmissingthesunsetentirely.Oncewefoundtheplace,itwasstressfulgettinglightsandcamerassetupinthelimitedtime.Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.4.HowdoestheauthordealwiththechallengeasalandscapephotographerintheMidwest?A.Byteamingupwithotherphotographers.B.Byshootinginthecountrysideorstateparks.C.Bystudyingthegeographicalconditions.D.Bycreatingsettingsinthecornfields.5.Whatisthekeytosuccessfullandscapephotographyaccordingtotheauthor?A.Propertimemanagement.B.Goodshootingtechniques.C.Adventurousspirit.D.Distinctivestyles.6.WhatcanweinferfromtheauthortripwithfriendstoDevil’sLake?A.Theywentcrazywiththepurplequartzrock.B.Theyfeltstressedwhilewaitingforthesunset.C.Theyreachedtheshootingspotlaterthanexpected.D.Theyhadproblemswiththeiremipment.7.HowdoestheauthorfindhisphotostakenatDevil’sLake?A.Amusing.B.Satisfying.C.Encouraging.D.Comforting.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.B 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名风景摄影师，在摄影途中发生的一些所见所闻。【4题详解】细节理解题。通过文章第二段“Itendtotravelwithafewofmyfriendstostateparksortothecountrysidetogoonadventuresandtakephotosalongtheway.(我倾向于和几个朋友一起去州立公园或乡村探险，沿途拍照)”可知，作为一名中西部的风景摄影师，作者应对挑战的方式是去乡村或州立公园拍摄。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.(尽管如此，回顾这些照片，它们仍然是我最好的一些照片，尽管如果我能明智地准备和管理我的时间，它们本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者认为，风景摄影成功的关键是适当的时间管理。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“However,wedidnotmarktheroute(路线)soweendedupalmostmissingthesunsetentirely.(然而，我们没有标出路线，所以我们几乎完全错过了日落)”可推知，作者在与朋友的魔鬼湖之旅中，到达拍摄地点的时间比预期的要晚。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.(尽管如此，回顾这些照片，它们仍然是我最好的一些照片，尽管如果我能明智地准备和管理我的时间，它们本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者认为自己在魔鬼湖拍摄的照片是令人满意的。故选B。CWhatcomesintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofBritishfood?Probablyfishandchips,oraSundaydinnerofmeatandtwovegetables.ButisBritishfoodreallysouninteresting?EventhoughBritainhasareputationforless-than-impressivecuisine,itisproducingmoretopclasschefswhoappearfrequentlyonourtelevisionscreensandwhoserecipebooksfrequentlytopthebestsellerlists.It’sthankstotheseTVchefsratherthananyadvertisingcampaignthatBritonsareturningawayfrommeat-and-two-vegandready-mademealsandbecomingmoreadventurousintheircookinghabits.ItisrecentlyreportedthatthenumberofthosestickingtoatraditionaldietisslowlydecliningandaroundhalfofBritain’sconsumerswouldliketochangeorimprovetheircookinginsomeway.TherehasbeenariseinthenumberofstudentsapplyingforfoodcoursesatUKuniversitiesandcolleges.ItseemsthatTVprogrammeshavehelpedchangewhatpeoplethinkaboutcooking. Accordingtoanewstudyfrommarketanalysts,1in5BritonssaythatwatchingcookeryprogrammesonTVhasencouragedthemtotrydifferentfood.Almostonethirdsaytheynowuseawidervarietyofingredients(配料)thantheyusedto,andjustunder1in4saytheynowbuybetterqualityingredientsthanbefore.OneinfouradultssaythatTVchefshavemadethemmuchmoreconfidentaboutexpandingtheircookeryknowledgeandskills,andyoungpeoplearealsogettingmoreinterestedincooking.TheUK’sobsession(痴迷)withfoodisreflectedthroughtelevisionscheduling.Cookeryshowsanddocumentariesaboutfoodarebroadcastmoreoftenthanbefore.WithanincreasingnumberofmalechefsonTV,it’snolonger“uncool”forboystolikecooking.8.WhatdopeopleusuallythinkofBritishfood?A.Itissimpleandplain.B.Itisrichinnutrition.C.Itlacksauthentictastes.D.Itdeservesahighreputation.9.WhichbestdescribescookeryprogrammeonBritishTV?A.Authoritative.B.Creative.C.Profitable.D.Influential.10.Whichisthepercentageofthepeopleusingmorediverseingredientsnow?A.20%.B.24%.C.25%.D.33%.11.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingabout?A.Theartofcookinginothercountries.B.MalechefsonTVprogrammes.C.TablemannersintheUK.D.Studiesofbigeaters.【答案】8.A9.D10.D11.B【解析】【导语】本篇是一篇说明文，介绍英国人在英国烹饪节目的影响下改变对烹饪的看法，并尝试新的烹饪习惯。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“WhatcomesintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofBritishfood?Probablyfishandchips,oraSundaydinnerofmeatandtwovegetables.ButisBritishfoodreallysouninteresting?”（当你想到英国食物时，你会想到什么？你可能想到的是炸鱼薯条，或是一肉两菜的周日晚餐。但是，英国食物真的如此无趣吗？）可知，提及英国食物，大家往往只是想到炸鱼薯条和周日烤肉，所以人们通常会觉得英国食物平平无奇。故选A项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“It’sthankstotheseTVchefsratherthananyadvertisingcampaignthatBritonsareturningawayfrommeat-and-two-vegandready-mademealsandbecomingmoreadventurousintheircookinghabits.”（正是由于电视上的这些大厨，而不是凭借广告宣传活动，英国人正在远离“一肉两菜” 和速食餐，而变得更加愿意探索新的烹饪习惯。）和“ItseemsthatTVprogrammeshavehelpedchangewhatpeoplethinkaboutcooking.”（似乎电视节目帮助改变了人们对烹饪的看法。）可知，英国的烹饪节目能够改变英国人对烹饪的看法，尝试从传统的英式饮食走出来，尝试新的烹饪习惯，由此推知英国的烹饪节目具有很大的影响力。故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Almostonethirdsaytheynowuseawidervarietyofingredients(配料)thantheyusedto,andjustunder1in4saytheynowbuybetterqualityingredientsthanbefore.”（几乎三分之一的人表示他们现在使用的配料比以前更多，将近四分之一的人表示他们现在购买的配料质量比以前更好。）可知，三分之一左右的人，也就是33%左右的人，使用的配料比以前更多。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的最后一句“WithanincreasingnumberofmalechefsonTV,it’snolonger“uncool”forboystolikecooking.”（随着电视上出现越来越多男性厨师，男孩子喜欢烹饪不再是一件“不酷”的事了。）可知，接下来，文章应该具体介绍电视上的男性厨师，从而与上文形成语义连贯。故选B项。DIfyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,whilemostoftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.Writingisoneofhumanity’slaterachievements,anduntilfairlyrecentlyevenmanyliterate(有文字的)societiesrecordedtheirconcernsnotonlyinwritingbutinthings.Ideallyahistorywouldbringtogethertextsandobjects,andsomechaptersofthisbookareabletodojustthat,butinmanycaseswesimplycan’t.Theclearestexampleofthisbetweenliterateandnon-literatehistoryisperhapsthefirstconflict,atBotanyBay,betweenCaptainCook’svoyageandtheAustralianAboriginals.FromtheEnglishside,wehavescientificreportsandthecaptain’srecordofthatterribleday.FromtheAustralianside,wehaveonlyawoodenshield(盾)droppedbyamaninflightafterhisfirstexperienceofgunshot.Ifwewanttoreconstructwhatwasactuallygoingonthatday,theshieldmustbequestionedandinterpretedasdeeplyandstrictlyasthewrittenreports.Inadditiontotheproblemofmiscomprehensionfrombothsides,therearevictoriesaccidentallyordeliberatelytwisted,especiallywhenonlythevictorsknowhowtowrite.Thosewhoareonthelosingsideoftenhaveonlytheirthingstotelltheirstories.TheCaribbeanTaino,theAustralianAboriginals,theAfricanpeopleofBeninandtheIncas,allofwhomappearinthisbook,canspeaktousnowoftheirpastachievementsmostpowerfullythroughtheobjectstheymade:ahistorytoldthroughthingsgivesthembackavoice.Whenweconsidercontact(联系)betweenliterateandnon-literatesocietiessuchasthese,allourfirst-handaccountsarenecessarilytwisted,onlyonehalfofadialogue. Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.12.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Howpasteventsshouldbepresented.B.Whathumanityisconcernedabout.C.Whetherfactsspeaklouderthanwords.D.Whywrittenlanguageisreliable.13.WhatdoestheauthorindicatebymentioningCaptainCookinparagraph2?A.Hisreportwasscientific.B.Herepresentedthelocalpeople.C.HeruledoverBotanyBay.D.Hisrecordwasone-sided.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“conversation”inparagraph3referto?A.Problem.B.History.C.Voice.D.Society.15.Whichofthefollowingbooksisthetextmostlikelyselectedfrom?A.HowMapsTellStoriesoftheWorldB.AShortHistoryofAustraliaC.AHistoryoftheWorldin100ObjectsD.HowArtWorksTellStories【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。本文讨论了仅仅依靠书面文本来讲述世界历史的局限性，并强调了将物品纳入历史叙事以更好地理解无文字社会的重要性。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,whilemostoftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.Writingisoneofhumanity’slaterachievements,anduntilfairlyrecentlyevenmanyliterate(有文字的)societiesrecordedtheirconcernsnotonlyinwritingbutinthings.(如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，一段不以人类某一部分为特权的历史，你不能仅仅通过文本来讲述，因为世界上只有一部分人曾经有过文本，而世界上大多数人，在大多数时间里，都没有。写作是人类较晚的成就之一，直到最近，甚至许多有文字的社会也不仅用文字，而且用物件来记录他们所关心的事情。)”可推知，第一段主要讲述的是历史应该如何呈现给我们。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段首句“Ideallyahistorywouldbringtogethertextsandobjects,andsomechaptersofthisbookareabletodojustthat,butinmanycaseswesimplycan’t.(理想情况下，历史应该将文本和物品结合在一起，本书的某些章节能够做到这一点，但在许多情况下，我们根本做不到。)”可推断，作者认为历史应该是文本和物品相结合的产物，但是很多情况下，我们做不到。再根据所举例子的下文“FromtheEnglishside,wehavescientificreportsandthecaptain’srecordofthatterribleday.FromtheAustralianside,wehaveonly awoodenshield(盾)droppedbyamaninflightafterhisfirstexperienceofgunshot.(在英国方面，我们有科学报告和船长对那可怕的一天的记录。从澳大利亚方面来看，我们只有一个木制盾牌，这是一名男子在第一次经历枪击后在飞行中扔下的。)”可知，作者举这个例子是为了说明船长的记录是片面的，只从自己的角度描述了问题。故选D。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“TheCaribbeanTaino,theAustralianAboriginals,theAfricanpeopleofBeninandtheIncas,allofwhomappearinthisbook,canspeaktousnowoftheirpastachievementsmostpowerfullythroughtheobjectstheymade:ahistorytoldthroughthingsgivesthembackavoice.Whenweconsidercontact(联系)betweenliterateandnon-literatesocietiessuchasthese,allourfirst-handaccountsarenecessarilytwisted,onlyonehalfofadialogue.(加勒比海的泰诺人、澳大利亚的土著人、贝宁的非洲人以及印加人，所有这些人都出现在这本书中，他们现在都可以通过他们制造的物品向我们讲述他们过去最强大的成就：通过物品讲述的历史给了他们一个声音。当我们考虑诸如此类的有文化社会和无文化社会之间的接触时，我们所有的第一手资料都必然是扭曲的，只有对话的一半。)”结合划线句“Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.(如果我们要找到对话的另一半，我们不仅要读文本，还要读物体。)”可知，我们对过去历史的了解，只是书写历史的人所想要让我们了解的历史，如果我们想要了解历史的另一半，我们不仅仅要读文本也要读对象。所以conversation指的是“历史”。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,whilemostoftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.(如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，一段不以人类某一部分为特权的历史，你不能仅仅通过文本来讲述，因为世界上只有一部分人的历史曾经被文字记录过，而世界上大多数人，在大多数时间里，都没有。)”结合最后一段的“Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.(如果我们要找到对话的另一半，我们不仅要读文本，还要读物体。)”可知，本文讲述仅仅依靠书面文本来讲述世界历史有局限性，想要更好的了解历史就要将文本和物品结合在一起。从而推断文章最有可能选自《100件物品中的世界史》。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Indoorplantsmightlookasiftheyjustsitaroundnotdoingmuch,butinmanywaystheyaretheunsungheroesofthehome.____16____,butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople’swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood(心情),reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.What’smore,indoorplantsareeasytolookafterandarenotveryexpensive. Whatareindoorplants?Indoorplants,alsoknownashouseplantsorpotplants,areplantsthatliketogrowindoors.Manyofthesespecies(物种)arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthewinter.____17____.Whyareindoorplantsgoodforyou?WillSpoelstra,whoworksattheRoyalBotanicGardens,says,“____18____.Ifindduringthewintermonths,plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood.”Severalstudieshavebackedthisupandfoundthatindoorplantscanimprovecreativity,focusandmemory.Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscancleantheairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgases,suchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmfulchemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.____19____.Whichplantscanyougrow?Aloevera,peaceliliesandspiderplantsaresomeofthespeciesthatareeasytogrowindoors.Youcanbuyplantsfromsupermarkets,gardencentresoronline.Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones,andyougettocareforthemastheymature—whichispartofthejoyofowningplants.“____20____,”Spoelstrasays.“Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeople’slivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeandnature.”A.AllplantsaredifferentB.NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC.TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmerE.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil’stongueareamongthebestF.ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding【答案】16.B17.D18.C19.E20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是室内植物、室内植物带来的好处及你能种植哪些室内植物。【16题详解】根据下文“butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople’swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood(心情),reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.(而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆力来促进人们的健康)”可知，此处与下文是递进关系，构成notonly…but“不仅……而且……”结构。由此可知，B.Notonlydotheylookbeautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选B。【17题详解】根据上文“Manyofthesespecies(物种)arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthe winter.(这些品种中的许多都不适合在英国户外生长，尤其是在冬天)”可知，有些植物不适合在户外寒冷的环境中生长，即适合在温暖的地方生长。由此可知，D.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmer(相反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好)能够承接上文，符合语境。故选D。【18题详解】根据下文“Ifindduringthewintermonths,plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood.(我发现在冬天的几个月里，房子周围的植物真的能提升你的情绪)”可知，室内植物对人有好处。由此可知，C.Therearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoors(在室内种植植物有很多好处)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选C。【19题详解】根据上文“Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscancleantheairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgases,suchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmfulchemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.(也有研究表明，盆栽植物可以通过去除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气。它们还能去除油漆或烹饪中的一些有害化学物质)”可知，盆栽植物能够清除有害物质。由此可知，E.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil’stongueareamongthebest(像和平百合和魔芋之类的植物是最好的)能够承接上文，列举了在这方面做的最好的植物，符合语境。故选E。20题详解】根据上文“Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones,andyougettocareforthemastheymature-whichispartofthejoyofowningplants.(年轻的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它们成熟时照顾它们——这是拥有植物的乐趣之一)”可知，不同的植物需求是不同的。由此可知，G.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding(了解每种植物的需求是非常有益的)能够承接上文，同时引起下文，下文“Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeople’slivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeandnature.”(它可以为人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点，并有助于建立家庭与自然之间的联系。)”具体介绍了了解每种植物的需求的好处。故选G。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TobecometheOlympicchampionintheindividual(个人)all-aroundevent,GabbyDouglashadtoleaveeverythingshe____21____best.Shehadto___22___herbedroominVirginia.Shehadtosay____23____tohertwodogsandtothebeach,whereshelovedto____24____wavesonherboard.Butitwas____25____totaketheleap(飞跃),however____26____itwouldbe.Evenat14,Douglasknewthat.Soshe____27____about1,200milesawayfromhome,to____28____withacoachfromChina.Shelivedwithafamilyshehadnever____29____and everythingwasnewtoher.AsitturnedoutDouglasdid____30____whatsheneededtodotobecomeOlympicchampionwhenshe____31____twoRussians.TheChinesecoach____32____Douglasintooneofthebestgymnastsinthe____33____,helpingherskyrocketfroman____34____memberofthenationalteamtothetopofthesport.By____35____theOlympicall-aroundtitle,shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso.She____36____thecompetitionfrombeginningtoend.Shesaidshehadfelt____37____allalongthatshewouldwin.Notsolongago,MarthaKarolythecoordinator(联络人)ofthewomen’snationalteam,didnotthinkDouglashadwhatit____38____tobeanOlympian.Astimewentby,shethought____39____thatshecouldmaketheLondonGames-andwin.“I’mgoingtoinspiresomanypeople,”shesaid.“I’mreadyto____40____.”Andshineshedid.21.A.triedB.thoughtC.judgedD.knew22.A.takeupB.packupC.cleanupD.doup23.A.goodbyeB.helloC.thanksD.no24.A.causeB.observeC.rideD.strike25.A.commonB.timeC.funD.tough26.A.breathtakingB.heartbreakingC.eye-catchingD.head-spinning27.A.droppedoutB.movedonC.pulledoverD.wentoff28.A.reasonB.talkC.competeD.train29.A.metB.helpedC.understoodD.needed30.A.approximatelyB.graduallyC.exactlyD.possibly31.A.defeatedB.pleasedC.respectedD.assisted32.A.forcedB.transformedC.persuadedD.put33.A.worldB.cityC.teamD.state34.A.amateurB.electedC.averageD.enthusiastic35.A.clarifyingB.defendingC.winningD.demanding36.A.followedB.organizedC.watchedD.led37.A.confidentB.nervousC.excitedD.uneasy38.A.viewedB.appearedC.matteredD.took39.A.nowandthenB.moreandmoreC.farandwideD.onandon40.A.shineB.flyC.danceD.score 【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.B26.B27.D28.D29.A30.C31.A32.B33.A34.C35.C36.D37.A38.D39.B40.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国体操运动员GabbyDouglas为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，不得不远离家乡，去离家1200英里的地方，和一个来自中国的教练一起训练。最终在教练的训练下，Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，赢得奥运会全能冠军，成为了第一个获此殊荣的黑人女性。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，GabbyDouglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的一切。A.tried尝试；B.thought思考；C.judged判断；D.knew知道；熟悉，了解。由上文“TobecometheOlympicchampionintheindividual(个人)all-aroundevent,GabbyDouglashadtoleaveeverything”和下文“1,200milesawayfromhome”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，GabbyDouglas放弃她最熟悉的一切，来到一个陌生的地方，故选D。【22题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她不得不整理好她在弗吉尼亚的卧室。A.takeup从事；B.packup整理；收拾行李；C.cleanup清理；D.doup装修。由上文“GabbyDouglashadtoleaveeverything”和下文“herbedroominVirginia”可知，整理好她的卧室，准备离开这里，故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。A.goodbye再见；B.hello你好；C.thanks感谢；D.no没有；否定的回答。由上“GabbyDouglashadtoleaveeverything”可知，GabbyDouglas要离开自己的家，所以与家里的狗说再见，故选A。24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。A.cause引起；B.observe观察；C.ride骑；漂浮；D.strike打击。由下文“wavesonherboard.”可知，此处表示冲浪，ridethewaves意为“冲浪”，故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，是时候迈出这一步了，无论这将是多么令人心碎。A.common平民；普通；B.time时间；C.fun乐趣；D.tough暴徒。由下文“totaketheleap(飞跃)”可知，虽然离开自己所熟悉的一切很难，但是是时候该迈出这一步了，故选B。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，是时候迈出这一步了，无论这将是多么令人伤心。A.breathtaking激动人心的；B.heartbreaking令人心碎的；令人伤心的；C.eye-catching引人注目的；D. head-spinning头晕的。上文提到的GabbyDouglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的一切可知，放弃自己所熟悉的一切是令人伤心，故选B。【27题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一个来自中国的教练一起训练。A.droppedout退出；B.movedon继续。C.pulledover靠边停车；D.wentoff离开。由下文“about1,200milesawayfromhome,”可知，GabbyDouglas到了一个离家1200英里的地方，故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一位来自中国的教练一起训练。A.reason推理；B.talk谈话；C.compete竞争；D.train培训。由上文“TobecometheOlympicchampionintheindividual(个人)all-aroundevent”和下文“withacoachfromChina”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，GabbyDouglas离开家，由此可知，她来到这里是为了和一位来自中国的教练一起训练，故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，一切对她来说都是全新的。A.met遇到；见过；B.helped帮助；C.understood理解；D.needed需要。由下文“everythingwasnewtoher.”可知，一切对她来说都是全新的，所以此处指她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，故选A。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切。A.approximately大约；B.gradually逐渐地；C.exactly准确地；完全；D.possibly可能地。由下文“theOlympicall-aroundtitle,shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso”可知，GabbyDouglas获得了奥运会全能冠军，由此可知，GabbyDouglas完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切，故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切。A.defeated打败；B.pleased使高兴；C.respected尊敬；D.assisted帮助。由上文“whatsheneededtodotobecomeOlympicchampion”和下文“theOlympicall-aroundtitle,shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso”可知，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，成为了奥运冠军，故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A.forced强迫；B.transformed转换；改造；彻底改变；C.persuaded劝说；D.put放。由下文“Douglasintooneofthebestgymnasts”可知，这位中国教练让Douglas变成世界上最好的体操运动员之一，transform...into固定搭配，意为“使……变成……”，故选B。【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A.world世界；B.city城市；C.team团队；D.state国家。由下文“theOlympicall-aroundtitle,shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso”可知，Douglas赢得奥运会全能冠军，所以说她是世界最好的体操运动员之一，故选A。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A.amateury业余爱好的；B.elected当选的；C.average平均的；普通的；D.enthusiastic热情的。由下文“memberofthenationalteamtothetopofthesport”可知，这位中国教练帮助Douglas从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过赢得奥运会全能冠军，她成为了第一个获此殊荣的黑人女性。A.clarifying分类；B.defending打败；C.winning赢得；D.demanding要求。由下文“theOlympicall-aroundtitle,shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso.”可知，Douglas赢得奥运会全能冠军，故选C。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她自始至终领先于竞争对手。A.followed跟随；B.organized组织；C.watched观看；D.led带领；领先。由下文“thecompetitionfrombeginningtoend”可知，比赛过程中，Douglas一直领先于竞争对手，故选D。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说她一直坚信自己会赢。A.confident自信的；坚信的；B.nervous紧张的；C.excited兴奋的；D.uneasy不安的。由下文“allalongthatshewouldwin.”可知，Douglas一直坚信自己会赢，故选A。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在不久前，女子国家队联络人MarthaKaroly还认为Douglas不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件。A.viewed看待；B.appeared出现；C.mattered重要；D.took需要。由下文“tobeanOlympian”可知，此处表示MarthaKaroly还认为Douglas不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件，空处表示“需要”，故选D。【39题详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，她越来越相信自己能够赢得伦敦奥运会。A.nowandthen时不时地；B.moreandmore越来越多；C.farandwide广泛地；D.onandon不断地。由上文“Astimewentby”和下文“thatshecouldmaketheLondonGames-andwin.”可知，随着时间的推移，Douglas越来越相信自己能够赢得伦敦奥运会。故选B。【40题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我准备好发光了”。A.shine照耀；发光；B.fly飞行；C.dance跳舞；D.score得分。由上文“I’mgoingtoinspiresomanypeople”和“Andshineshedid.”可知，Douglas认为自己将会激励很多人，即自己会发光，影响到很多人，故选A。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Beijingisacitybridgingtheancientandthemodern.FromBuddhisttemplestomuseums,narrowhutong____41____royalpalaces,itishometomorethan3,000yearsofglorioushistoryevendowntoitslayout,withthecitykeepingitscarefully____42____(build)systemofringroads.Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplace____43____welcomesthefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife,with21st-centuryarchitectural____44____(wonder)standingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.Itisadistinctvisualcontrast(反差)thatshouldn’twork,____45____somehowthesetwoverydifferentworldsmakeagoodcombination.____46____(visit)severaltimesoverthelast10years,I____47____(amaze)bytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遗产)whileconstantlygrowing.Asaphotographer,Ihavespentthelasttwoyears___48___(record)everythingIdiscovered.The____49____(remark)developmentofthiscity,whichisconsciouslydesignedtoprotectthepastwhilesteppingintothemodernworld,_____50_____(mean)thereisalwayssomethingnewtodiscoverhere,andIcouldbephotographingBeijingforthenext50years.【答案】41.to42.built43.which##that44.wonders45.but46.Havingvisited47.wasamazed48.recording49.remarkable50.means【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京这座城市的古老建筑和现代化发展之间的独特结合，同时探讨了城市如何在不断发展的同时保护其丰富的遗产。作者作为一名摄影师，记录了这座城市的变化，并表示将来还会继续拍摄北京的风貌。【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿，它拥有3000多年的辉煌历史，甚至从它的布局来看，这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。根据上文的“FromBuddhisttemplestomuseums”可知，空处和上文保持一致，表示“从……到……”，用介词to。故填to。42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿，它是3000多年辉煌历史的家园，即使是在它的布局上，这座城市也保持着精心建造的环城公路系统。这里为非谓语动词担当定语，表示“精心建造的……”，和被修饰词“systemofringroads”之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填built。【43题详解】考查定语从句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“aplace”，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式；根据下文的“historicalbuildingsofthepast”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填wonders。【45题详解】考查连词。句意：但不知何故，这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前“Itisadistinctvisualcontrast(反差)thatshouldn’twork,”和空后“somehowthesetwoverydifferentworldsmakeagoodcombination.”之间存在转折关系，用but。故填but。【46题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系；根据时间状语“overthelast10years”可知，用完成时态，由此推断，空处用现在分词的完成时态。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Havingvisited。【47题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“howacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遗产)whileconstantlygrowing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填wasamazed。【48题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名摄影师，我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spendtime(in)doingsth. 花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语，用动名词形式。故填recording。【49题详解】考查形容词。句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词“developmentofthiscity”。故填remarkable。【50题详解】考查时态。句意：这座城市的显著发展，在有意识地保护过去的同时步入现代世界，意味着这里总是有新的东西等待发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“development”，单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。LastFridaymymomdecidedtocolorhishair.Shestudiedwithallthehairproductsatthedrugstore.Thecolorshechoosecameinaboxwhichhadapictureofawomanthathaircolorlookedjustperfect.Momwassuresamecolorwouldlookgreatonher.Sheputthenewcoloronherhairorsatstillfor30minutes,justasthedirectionssaying.However,insteadofthebrownishredhairshehadhopedfor,shefinalgotpurplehair.Shewentrightintotheshowertowashingit,butitwasnouse.Atleastonethingprovedtruth:thecolorwouldn’twashout.【答案】1.his→her2.删除with3.choose→chose4.that→whose5.same前加the6.or→and7.saying→said8.final→finally 9.washing→wash10.truth→true【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的妈妈自己染发的故事。【详解】1.考查代词。句意：上周五，我妈妈决定染头发。此处指“我妈妈染她的头发”，应用代词her。故his改为her。2.考查动词。句意：她研究了药店里所有的护发产品。study是及物动词，后面直接接宾语，介词with多余。故删除with。3.考查时态。句意：她选的颜色装在一个盒子里，盒子里有一张女人的照片，她的头发颜色看起来非常完美。此处是定语从句的谓语动词，由上文LastFriday可知，应用一般过去时。故choose改为chose。4.考查定语从句。句意：她选的颜色装在一个盒子里，盒子里有一张女人的照片，她的头发颜色看起来非常完美。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是woman，关系词在从句中作hair的定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故that改为whose。5.考查冠词。句意：妈妈确信同样的颜色在她身上会很好看。same前常加定冠词。故same前加the。6.考查连词。句意：她把头发染成新的颜色，静静地坐了30分钟，就像说明书上说的那样。此处是并列顺承关系，不存在选择关系。故or改为and。7.考查动词时态。句意：她把头发染成新的颜色，静静地坐了30分钟，就像说明书上说的那样。as引导方式状语从句，由语境可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故saying改为said。8.考查副词。句意：然而，她最终得到的不是她所希望的棕红色头发，而是紫色的头发。此处修饰动词got，应用副词，作状语。故final改为finally。9.考查非谓语动词。句意：她直接走进淋浴间去洗，但是没有用。此处不定式表目的，应用动词原形。故washing改为wash。10.考查形容词。句意：至少有一件事被证明是正确的：这种颜色洗不掉。prove为系动词，表示“证明是”，后接形容词。故truth改为true。第二节书面表达52.请以向学校英文报投稿的方式，用英语描述学习一项新技能的经历，及从中获得的体验和感受。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】WhenIwasinmyprimaryschool,Ihadanopportunitytoattendamusicalcontestheldinmyschool.ThatwasthefirsttimeIwatchedalivemusicalperformance.Thefantasticplayerstouchedmedeeply.Iaskedmyparentsallowingmetotakeupapianolessonforbeginner.Inthebeginning,itwasquitedifficulttoreadthenotesonthestave.However,itdidnotdemoralizeme.Ispentmostofmyleisurehourstopracticepiano.Althoughmyfingerswerepainfulafterfewhourspractice,IfeltsatisfiedifIcouldplayamusicpiececompletely.EventhoughIwillnotpursueasmylifecareer,Iwillstillcontinuelearningandplayingpianoasmyhobby.Itissimplybecausemusicisthebestmedicationformysoul.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于记叙文，请以向学校英文报投稿的方式，用英语描述学习一项新技能的经历，及从中获得的体验和感受。【详解】1.词汇积累机会：opportunity→chance使沮丧：demoralize→discourage满意的：satisfied→content空闲的：leisure→spare2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：Thefantasticplayerstouchedmedeeply.Iaskedmyparentsallowingmetotakeupapianolessonforbeginner.拓展句：Thefantasticplayerstouchedmedeeply,soIaskedmyparentsallowingmetotakeupapianolessonforbeginner.点睛【高分句型1】WhenIwasinmyprimaryschool,Ihadanopportunitytoattendamusicalcontestheldinmyschool.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句)【高分句型2】Althoughmyfingerswerepainfulafterfewhourspractice,IfeltsatisfiedifIcouldplayamusicpiececompletely.(运用了although引导的让步状语从句和if引导的条件状语从句)