广东省深圳市罗湖高级中学2022-2023学年高一英语下学期4月期中试题（Word版附解析）

罗湖高级中学2022-2023学年第二学期期中考试试卷高一英语本试题卷具8页。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前,先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答:用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。第一部分基础知识(共25小题：每题1分,满分25分)单项选择从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Thecompanylaunchedanewadvertising______tointroduceitslatestproduct.A.campaignB.phenomenonC.equipmentD.certificate【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该公司发起了一场新的广告宣传活动来介绍其最新产品。A.campaign运动，活动；B.phenomenon现象；C.equipment设备；D.certificate证明，合格证书。根据“tointroduceitslatestproduct”可知，此处指“该公司发起了一场新的广告宣传活动”，故选A。2.Youbecomesodeeply______inanactivitythatyouforgotthetime.A.dazzlingB.disappointedC.absorbedD.absolute【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你会因过于专注某项活动而忘记时间。A.dazzling耀眼的；B.disappointed失望的；C.absorbed专心致志的，全神贯注的；D.absolute绝对的。根据“thatyouforgotthetime”可知，此处指“如此专注于一项活动而忘记了时间”，故选C。3.Ihaveno______experiencewithhikingsothisisallnewtome.A.incredibleB.awkwardC.previousD.formal【答案】C 【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我以前没有徒步旅行的经验，所以这对我来说是全新的。A.incredible难以置信的；B.awkward使人尴尬的；C.previous以前的；D.formal正式的。由“sothisisallnewtome”可知，此处表示我以前没有徒步旅行的经验，故选C。4.It’sapitythat______braindamageturnedhimintoavegetable.A.averageB.regularC.normalD.severe【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很遗憾，严重的脑损伤使他变成了植物人。A.average平均的；B.regular定期的；C.normal正常的；D.severe严重的。根据句意可知，此处为形容词severe“严重的”作定语修饰braindamage，满足句意要求。故选D项。5.Mysisterisstudyinghardtobecomeadoctor,a______thatrequiresalotofhardwork.A.professionB.competitionC.phenomenonD.technique【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我妹妹正在努力学习，想成为一名医生，这是一个需要很多努力的职业。A.profession职业；B.competition竞争；C.phenomenon现象；D.technique技巧。根据句意可知，逗号后部分是同位语，对名词doctor进行补充说明，因此是指“职业”。故选A项。6.Eatingahealthydietandregularexercisecan______toalongerlife.A.adaptB.pointC.contributeD.represent【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：健康饮食和定期锻炼有助于延长寿命。A.adapt适应；B.point指；C.contribute有助于；D.represent代表。根据上文“Eatingahealthydietandregularexercise(健康饮食和定期锻炼)”以及下文“alongerlife(更长的寿命)”可知上下文为因果关系，此处表示“有助于”，contributeto固定搭配，意为“有助于”，故选C项。7.The______partofthebookwasmuchmoreexcitingthanthebeginning.A.formalB.latterC.normalD.ideal【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这本书的后半部分比开头精彩得多。A.formal正式的；B.latter后者的，末期的，后期的；C.normal正常的；D.ideal 理想的。根据句意可知，此处为形容词latter“后者的，后部分的”作定语修饰part，满足句意要求。故选B项。8.Thegovernmenthassetupsomewildlife______toprotectendangeredanimals.A.brochuresB.routesC.effortsD.reserves【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：政府已经建立了一些野生动物保护区来保护濒危动物。A.brochures小册子；B.routes路线；C.efforts努力；D.reserves自然保护区。用来保护濒危动物的场所应该是自然保护区，此处为复数名词reserves“自然保护区”，满足句意要求。故选D项。9.Thebird’ssingingservedasa______ofthearrivalofspring.A.signalB.warningC.deviceD.factor【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：鸟儿的歌声是春天到来的信号。A.signal信号；B.warning警告；C.device设备；D.factor因素。根据Thebird’ssinging可知，此处为名词signal“信号”，满足句意要求。故选A项。10.Shebreathedasighof______aftercompletingherfinalexams.A.angerB.tensionC.reliefD.cruelty【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：期末考试结束后，她松了一口气。A.anger生气；B.tension紧张；C.relief缓解，轻松；D.cruelty残忍。根据句意可知，此处为名词relief“缓解，轻松”，满足句意要求。故选C项。11.Thedroughtcausedthe______offreshwaterinmanyregions.A.disabilityB.shortageC.inequalityD.concern【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：干旱造成许多地区缺乏淡水。A.disability残疾；B.shortage缺乏；C.inequality不平等；D.concern关心。由上文“Thedrought”可知，干旱造成淡水缺乏，故选B。12.He______totrythenewfoodbecausehewasn’tsureifhewouldlikeit.A.deceivedB.overcameC.devotedD.hesitated【答案】D 【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他犹豫着要不要尝试这种新食物，因为他不确定自己是否会喜欢。A.deceived欺骗；B.overcame克服；C.devoted献身；D.hesitated犹豫。根据“hewasn’tsureifhewouldlikeit”可知，他不确定自己是否喜欢这个食物，所以会犹豫是否要尝试，hesitatetodosth.是固定短语，表示“犹豫做……”，符合语境。故选D项。13.Sheusedabrightyellowmarkerpento______thekeypointsinthetext.A.highlightB.combineC.representD.interpret【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她用一支明亮的黄色记号笔标出课文中的要点。A.highlight用彩笔做标记；强调；B.combine结合；C.represent代表；D.interpret诠释。由上文“Sheusedabrightyellowmarkerpento”和下文“thekeypointsinthetext.”可知，此处指用记号笔标出重点，故选A。14.Afteryearsofbeinghomeless,thedogwasfinally______byalovingfamily.A.affectedB.adoptedC.admittedD.attracted【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：流浪多年后，这只狗终于被一个充满爱心的家庭领养了。A.affected影响；B.adopted领养；C.admitted承认；D.attracted吸引。根据“byalovingfamily”可知，此处指流浪狗被一个有爱心的家庭领养了，故选B。15.Theyare______havingaholidayinFloridaandwillbebacknextmonth.A.extremelyB.occasionallyC.currentlyD.originally【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们目前正在佛罗里达度假，下个月就会回来。A.extremely极度地；B.occasionally偶尔；C.currently目前；D.originally起初。分析句子结构，根据主句使用了现在进行时可知句子表达的是现在正在发生的动作，空白处应填表示“目前”含义的副词，故选C项。16.ItisthefirsttimethatI______________suchawonderfulmovie.A.hasbeenB.hadseenC.haveseenD.isseeing【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这是我第一次看这么精彩的电影。分析句子结构可知，在Itisthe+序数词time+从句的结构中，从句用现在完成时，主语是I，故选C项。 17.Notuntiltheyhadatalkwithme________mymistake.A.didIrealizeB.didIrealizedC.IrealizedD.doesIrealize【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：直到他们和我交谈，我才意识到自己的错误。根据句子结构，当Notuntil位于句首，主句需要部分倒装(助动词+主语+谓语)。根据hadatalk可知，时态应是一般过去时，助动词用did，故选A。18.Ifhe______ourschooltomorrow,theteacherwillshowhimaroundtheschool.A.willvisitB.visitingC.visitsD.visited【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：如果他明天来我们学校，老师将带他参观学校。if引导的条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来，从句主语是he，谓语动词应用三单形式，故选C。19.【2018·天津】IneedanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotographs___________.A.takingB.takenC.beingtakenD.take【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我需要一个新护照，所以我将不得不拍照片。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语，宾语myphotograph与补足语之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。C项表示正在进行。故选B。点睛：本题考查的非谓语动词为高中重点语法之一。在分析题目的时候，首先要抓住非谓语动词在句中所作的成分，找出该非谓语动词所对应的逻辑主语，再分析二者之间的关系，最后根据句意选择正确的答案。20.Chinaisdevelopingfast,withmorecountries______itsroleininternationalaffairs.A.realizingB.beingrealizedC.toberealizedD.realized【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国正在快速发展，越来越多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。分析句子可知，此处为with的复合结构作状语，所以此处动词为非谓语形式，morecountries和动词realize为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故选A项。21.______uspreparefortheexam,theteachersuggestedreadingthroughournotes.A.TohelpB.HelpedC.HelpingD.Being helped【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了帮助我们准备考试，老师建议通读我们的笔记。分析句子结构可知，老师建议我们诵读笔记是”为了“帮助我们准备考试。故表目的，应用动词不定式。故选A。22.______fortwodays,Stevemanagedtofinishhisreportontime.A.ToworkB.WorkedC.TobeworkingD.Havingworked【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：已经工作了两天，Steve按时地完成了他的报告。根据句中谓语managed可知，设空处应该使用非谓语动词，work与主语Steve之间是主动关系，同时又先于managedtofinish，故应该使用现在分词的完成式作状语。故选D。23.Ifyougetlostintheforest,you’dbetterstay________youareandwaitforhelp.A.whyB.whereC.whoD.what【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查地点状语从句。句意：如果你在野外迷路，你最好呆在原地等待帮助。A.why为什么，……的原因；B.where（在）……的地方，在哪里；C.who谁；D.what什么，……的事物。由句子结构和句意分析可知，设空处引导地点状语从句，表示“在……的地方”，故选B。24.Bynineo’clocklastnight,we________200picturesfromthespaceship.A.willhavegotB.hadgotC.havegotD.got【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：到昨晚9点为止，我们已经从飞船上得到了200张照片。根据“Bynineo’clocklastnight”可知，此处应用过去完成时。故选B。25.Sosmall________thattheydon’tadmitmuchlightatall．A.thewindowsareB.arethewindowsC.thewindowisD.isthewindow【答案】B【解析】 【详解】考查倒装和主谓一致。句意：这些窗户太小，根本照不进多少光。“So+adj.”放在句首的时候，句子用完全倒装，即be动词放在主语前面，因为后面用了they，所以用windows，因此空格处是“arethewindows”，故选B。第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABenMillerisaBritishactor,aswellasaproductivewriterforchildren.Here,heshareshisfavoritebooks.KingArthurandHisKnightsoftheRoundTablebyRogerLancelynGreenIlovedreadingwhenIwaslittle.MyparentswerebothEnglishteachers,andourhomewasfullofbooks.Dickenswasafamilyfavorite.ButthebookthatreallyfiredmyimaginationwasKingArthurandHisKnightsoftheRoundTablebyRogerLancelynGreen.BuyKingArthurandHisKnightoftheRoundTablehereDiaryofaNobodybyGeorgeandWeedonGrossmithI’mafoolforaclassic,andI’msogladIfinallymanagedtofinishDiaryofaNobodybyGeorgeandWeedonGrossmith.Putsimply,itsthefunniestbookI’veeverread,withtextbyGeorgeandillustrationsbyWeedon.BuyDiaryofaNobodyhereExhalationbyTedChiangIt’snevertoolatetohaveyourlifechangedbyabook，andithappenedtomeagainrecentlywhenIreadTedChiang’scollectionExhalation.StoryofYourLife,oneofthebestinit,inspiredthesci-fialienvisitationclassicArrival.Ilovethattoo,buteachandeverypieceinExhalationisitsmatchinimagination.BuyExhalationhereBenMiller’snewbookTheNightWeGotStuckinaStoryisavailablenow.*Thispostcontainssomelinks,sowemayearnasmallamountofmoneywhenyoumakeapurchasethroughlinksonoursiteatnoadditionalcosttoyou.26.WhowrotethebookBenMillerconsidersthemostamusing?A.Dickens.B.RogerLancelynGreen.C.TedChiang.D.GeorgeandWeedonGrossmith.27.WhichcategorydoesthebookExhalationmostlikelyfallin?A.Fairytale.B.Poetry.C.Sciencefiction.D.Comics.28.What’sthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Toadvertisesomebooks.B.Toattractnewsubscriptions.C.Torecommendafamousactor.D.ToshareMiller’sreadinghabits.【答案】26.D27.C28.A 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了英国演员、儿童作家本·米勒最喜欢的书。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据DiaryofaNobodybyGeorgeandWeedonGrossmith部分“Putsimply,itsthefunniestbookI’veeverread,withtextbyGeorgeandillustrationsbyWeedon.(简而言之，这是我读过的最有趣的书，有乔治的文字和威登的插图)”可知，作者认为乔治和威登·格罗斯史密斯写的DiaryofaNobody最有趣。故选D项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据ExhalationbyTedChiang部分“It’snevertoolatetohaveyourlifechangedbyabook,andithappenedtomeagainrecentlywhenIreadTedChiang’scollectionExhalation.StoryofYourLife,oneofthebestinit,inspiredthesci-fialienvisitationclassicArrival.Ilovethattoo,buteachandeverypieceinExhalationisitsmatchinimagination.(让一本书改变你的生活永远都不晚，最近当我阅读特德·蒋的文集《呼气》时，这种情况再次发生在我身上。《你一生的故事》是其中最好的一部，它启发了科幻电影《降临》的灵感。我也很喜欢《降临》，但《呼气》中的每一件作品都与它的想象力相匹配)”可知，《呼气》中的《你一生的故事》启发了科幻电影《降临》，由此推知《呼气》这本书最可能属于科幻小说类。故选C项。【28题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段“BenMillerisaBritishactor,aswellasaproductivewriterforchildren.Here,heshareshisfavoritebooks.(本·米勒是一位英国演员，也是一位多产的儿童作家。在这里，他分享了他最喜欢的书)”可推知，这篇文章的主要目的是推荐一些书籍，作宣传。故选A项。BDuring20yearsofworkingathisfamily’ssupermarketinPollencaontheSpanishislandofMallorca,JoseLuis-Reig,knownasPep,nevergaveathoughttotheacademic(学术的)world.Itwasonlywhenvisitingtheclassroomsofmainlanduniversitateswithhistwoteenagedaughtersthathesuddenlyfelthimselfathomeamongthebooksandatmosphereoflearning.AfterschoolPephadintendedtodoadegreeinbiologyatBarcelonaUniversitybuthadbeencalledontohelprunthefamilybusinessinstead.Butthequestionof“What’smyroleinlife?”stillkeptcomingbacktohim.Itwasn’tuntilayearlaterthattheanswersuddenlystruckhim.Whenhewasatschool,otherchildrenwouldcometohimwiththeirproblems.Hebecamefamousandsowasinvitedontolocalradio,wheretheinterviewersaid,“You’relikeayoungpsychologist.”Pepwasnostrangertochange.Thefamilybusinesshadoriginallybeenasawmill(锯木厂),butwhenPep,then27,wasaskedifhewantedtotakeover,hedecidedtotransformthemillintothetown’sfirstsupermarket.Onedayintheshop,whattheradiopresentersaidcamebacktohim.Afterrunningtheidea pasthisfamily,heappliedtouniversityinPalmatostudypsychologyand,aged46,wasaccepted.“Ihadtogetusedtobeingmucholderthanalltheotherstudents,”hesays.“Infact,Iwasolderthanmyprofessor.ButIbelievedisadvantagescanalwaysbeadvantages.AndIendeduphelpingtheothersbecauseI’dhadmorelifeexperiencethatcarriespsychologicalimpact,whichcouldreflectclassroomtheory.”Pepcametopofhisyearandimpressedhistutorssomuchthathewasofferedajobresearchingandteaching,whichhestilldoeswhilestudyingforamaster’sinneuropsychology.Now52,andstillinthejob,headds,“Myonlyregretisnothavingdoneitearlier.”29.WhatcanweknowaboutPepinthefirstparagraph?A.Hefeltrelaxedintheschoolatmosphere.B.Hesupportedhisdaughtersbysellingbooks.C.Hevisitedhisdaughters’universitiesfrequently.D.Heneverquitthethoughtofgoingtomainlandcolleges.30.WhatwasPep’sanswertothequestionofhisroleinlife?A.Towinfame.B.Tostudypsychology.C.Totakeoverhisfamilybusiness.D.Tocurechildrenoftheirproblems.31.WhatinspiredPeptoapplytotheuniversityinPalmaat46?AHisgoalofabettercareer.B.Theradiopresenter’scomment.C.Hisclassmates’encouragement.D.Theproposalofthefamilymembers.32.WhichqualitymighthavehelpedPepalotintheuniversity?A.Honesty.B.Self-control.C.Sensitivity.D.Optimism.【答案】29.A30.B31.B32.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了经营家庭超市20年的Pep因在接受电台采访时主持人的一句评论，决定申请去帕尔玛大学学习心理学，并在46岁被录取，实现了自己的梦想，并最终得到一份研究和教学的工作。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Itwasonlywhenvisitingtheclassroomsofmainlanduniversitateswithhistwoteenagedaughtersthathesuddenlyfelthimselfathomeamongthebooksandatmosphereoflearning.(他是在和两个十几岁的女儿一起参观内地大学的教室和通道时，才突然觉得自己在书本和学习氛围中感到很自在)”可知，在与自己的女儿参观本地大学时，Pep在学术氛围中感到很轻松。故选A。 【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Itwasn’tuntilayearlaterthattheanswersuddenlystruckhim.Whenhewasatschool,otherchildrenwouldcometohimwiththeirproblems.Hebecamefamousandsowasinvitedontolocalradio,wheretheinterviewersaid,‘You’relikeayoungpsychologist.’(直到一年后，答案才突然降临到他心头。当他在学校时，其他孩子会带着他们的问题来找他。他声名鹊起，因此被邀请到当地电台，采访者说：‘你就像一个年轻的心理学家。’)”及第五段中“Afterrunningtheideapasthisfamily,heappliedtouniversityinPalmatostudypsychologyand,aged46,wasaccepted.(在征求家人的意见后，他申请了帕尔马的一所大学学习心理学，并在46岁时被录取了)”可知，对于“人生角色是什么”这个问题，Pep的答案是去学习心理学。故选B。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Hebecamefamousandsowasinvitedontolocalradio,wheretheinterviewersaid,‘You’relikeayoungpsychologist.’(他声名鹊起，因此被邀请到当地电台，采访者说：‘你就像一个年轻的心理学家。’)”以及第五段中的“Onedayintheshop,whattheradiopresentersaidcamebacktohim.(有一天在商店里，电台主持人说的话又回到了他脑海中)”可知，在接受电台采访时，记者说Pep很像一位年轻的心理学家，Pep想到这句评论后才申请读大学。故选B。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“ButIbelievedisadvantagescanalwaysbeadvantages.AndIendeduphelpingtheothersbecauseI’dhadmorelifeexperiencethatcarriespsychologicalimpact,whichcouldreflectclassroomtheory.(但我相信缺点可以是优势。我最终帮助了其他人，因为我有更多的生活经验，这些经验会带来心理影响，这可以反映课堂理论)”可知，Pep进入大学学习时，年龄很大，但是Pep却把这种劣势当成优势，可以用自己的生活经验帮助其他人，这些生活经验的作用在课堂理论上得以反映。由此推知，Pep在上学期间的乐观态度帮助他很多。故选D。CWhenalmosteveryonehasamobilephone,whyaremorethanhalfofAustralianhomesstillpayingforalandline(座机)?Thesedaysyou’dbehardpressedtofindanyoneinAustraliaovertheageof15whodoesn’townamobilephone.Infactplentyofyoungerkidshaveoneintheirpocket.Practicallyeveryonecanmakeandreceivecallsanywhere,anytime.Still,55percentofAustralianshavealandlinephoneathomeandonlyjustoveraquarter(29%)relyonlyontheirsmartphonesaccordingtoasurvey.OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline,athirdconcedethatit’snotreallynecessaryandthey’rekeepingitasasecurityblanket-19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseofemergencies(紧急事件).Ithink myhomefallsintothatkind.MorethanhalfofAustralianhomesarestillchoosingtostickwiththeirhomephone.Ageisnaturallyafactor(因素)-only58percentofGenerationYsstilluselandlinesnowandthen,comparedto84percentofBabyBoomerswho’veperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years.Ageisn’ttheonlyfactor;I’dsayit’salsotodowiththemakeupofyourhousehold.GenerationXerswithyoungfamilies,likemywifeandI,canstillfinditconvenienttohaveahomephoneratherthanprovidingamobilephoneforeveryfamilymember.Thatsaid,tobehonesttheonlypeoplewhoeverringourhomephoneareourBabyBoomersparents,tothepointwhereweplayagameandguesswhoiscallingbeforewepickupthephone(usingCallerIDwouldtakethefunoutofit).Howattractedareyoutoyourlandline?Howlonguntiltheygothewayofgasstreetlampsandmorningmilkdeliveries?33.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutmobilephones?A.Theirtargetusers.B.Theirwidepopularity.C.Theirmajorfunctions.D.Theircomplicateddesign.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“concede”inparagraph3mean?A.Admit.B.Argue.C.Remember.D.Comment.35.WhatcanwesayaboutBabyBoomers?ATheylikesmartphonegames.B.Theyenjoyguessingcallers’identity.C.Theykeepusinglandlinephones.D.Theyareattachedtotheirfamily.36.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthelandlinefromthelastparagraph?A.Itremainsafamilynecessity.B.Itwillfalloutofusesomeday.C.Itmayincreasedailyexpenses.D.Itisasimportantasthegaslight.【答案】33.B34.A35.C36.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。当几乎每个人都有手机的时候，为什么超过一半的澳大利亚家庭还在为固定电话付费？文章分析了其原因。【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Thesedaysyou’dbehardpressedtofindanyoneinAustraliaovertheageof15whodoesn’townamobilephone.Infactplentyofyoungerkidshaveoneintheir pocket.Practicallyeveryonecanmakeandreceivecallsanywhere,anytime.(如今，在澳大利亚，你很难找到15岁以上没有手机的人。事实上，很多年幼的孩子口袋里都有一个。实际上，每个人都可以在任何地方、任何时间拨打和接听电话。)”可知，第二段主要告诉我们如今手机广泛流行，故选B。【34题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句子“OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline,athirdconcedethatit’snotreallynecessaryandthey’rekeepingitasasecurityblanket(在那些仍然使用固定电话的澳大利亚人中，三分之一的人concede没有必要使用固定电话，他们保留固定电话是为了安全起见)”可知，那些仍然使用固定电话的澳大利亚人中，有三分之一的人说他们保留固定电话只是为了安全起见，这说明他们承认使用固定电话是没有必要的，由此可知，画线单词concede意为“承认”，与A项“Admit.(承认)”意思一样，故选A。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Ageisnaturallyafactor(因素)-only58percentofGenerationYsstilluselandlinesnowandthen,comparedto84percentofBabyBoomerswho’veperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years.(年龄自然是一个因素——只有58%的Y一代人仍然时不时地使用固定电话，相比之下，婴儿潮一代中有84%的人50年来可能一直使用同一个家庭电话号码。)”可知，婴儿潮一代一直用固定电话。故选C。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Howattractedareyoutoyourlandline?Howlonguntiltheygothewayofgasstreetlampsandmorningmilkdeliveries?(你对座机有多感兴趣？他们还要多久才能走上煤气路灯和早晨送牛奶的道路？)”可知，煤气路灯和早晨送牛奶如今已经消失了，由此可推知，座机也会像煤气路灯和早晨送牛奶一样停止使用，故选B。DMorethan90percentofglobaltradetodayiscarriedoutthroughships—about53,000businessshipstradinginternationally.Thatnumberseemstoincreasequickly.A2019study,ledbyresearchersatMcGillUniversityinCanada,haspredicted(预测)anincreaseinoceantrafficofanythingbetween240and1209percentby2050.Inpreparationforthisincrease,scientistsandengineersaroundtheworldaredealingwiththedifficultquestionofhowtonavigate(航行)moresafely.OnthewestcoastoftheUS,onesuchgrouphasasingletarget-whales.Theregionishometonotonlybusyinternationalportsbutalsotherichfeedinggroundsofblue,humpbackandfinwhales.Asaresultofcrossovers,shipstrikesarethoughttobeoneoftheleadingcausesofdeathforwhalepopulations.DrBrianaAbrahms,aresearchecologistatNOAAFisheries’SouthwestFisheriesScienceCenter,isdevelopinganappthatwillallowmanagersandshipmemberstobealarmedtothe possiblelocationofbluewhales.Itisbasedonthegroup’snewmodelwhichpredictswhalemovementsbasedontheoceanographicconditions.“Oceanconditionscanchangeonadailybasis,”Abrahmsexplains.“Weknowwhatconditionsthewhaleslike,soeverysingledaywecanlookatwherethoseconditionsareandpredictwherethewhaleswillgo.”Ofcourse,knowingwherethewhalesareishardlyeffectiveifcaptainsignoretheinformation.Abrahmsadmitsthatvoluntaryslow-downplansforlargeshipsontheeastcoastoftheUS(slowershipsbeinglesslikelytokillwhales)haveseenlowlevelsofobedience(遵守).Herhopeisthatmoreaccuratedatawillencourageownersandmanagerstorespond.“Partofthereasonwethinkforthelowobedienceisthatthereisn’tmuchconfidenceamongtheshippingindustry.Ifyousay‘slowdownbetweenJulyandNovember’,theshippingindustrydoesn’tbelievethatthereisactuallyawhalethere.Bymakingitmoreaccurateinpredictingwhales,we’rehopingourappwillhelp,”Abrahmssaid.37.Whydoestheauthormentionthe2019studyinParagraph1?A.Totelltheimportanceofshippingindustry.B.Toshowthefastincreaseinglobaltrade.C.Topredictoceantrafficinthefollowingyears.D.Toexplainthenecessityofensuringsailingsafety.38.What’stheappdesignedfor?A.Countingthenumberofwhales.B.Tellingpossiblelocationsofwhales.C.Predictingtheconsequenceofshipstrikes.D.Forecastingtheoceanographiccondition.39.What’sAbrahmsattitudetowardsthepresentslow-downplans?A.Critical.B.Positive.C.Concerned.D.Unclear.40.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Waystoavoidcrossoversbetweenshipsandwhales.B.Methodsofpredictingsevereweather.C.Importanceofrescuingwildlifeinthesea.D.Challengesofkeepingacorrectvoyage.【答案】37.D38.B39.C40.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了随着海洋交通量的增长，确保海洋航行安全成为必要之举。美国西海岸既是国际港口，也是许多鲸鱼的栖息地，船只与鲸鱼的交汇常常造成鲸鱼的死亡，因此研究人员正在研究一款应用程序，更为精准地预测鲸鱼出没的位置，将位置信息告知船只人员，以确保船只减速前行从而确保鲸鱼的安全。【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“A2019study,ledbyresearchersatMcGillUniversityinCanada,haspredicted(预测)anincreaseinoceantrafficofanythingbetween240and1209percentby2050.Inpreparationforthisincrease,scientistsandengineersaroundtheworldaredealingwiththedifficultquestionofhowtonavigate(航行)moresafely.(2019年，由加拿大麦吉尔大学的研究人员领导的一项研究预测，到2050年，海洋交通量将增加240%到1209%。为了应对这种增长，世界各地的科学家和工程师都在研究如何更安全地航行的难题)”可知，2019年的研究预测了未来海洋交通量的大幅增长，因此很有必要确保海洋航行的安全。由此推知，提到2019年的研究是为了解释确保海洋航行的安全的必要性。故选D项。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“DrBrianaAbrahms,aresearchecologistatNOAAFisheries’SouthwestFisheriesScienceCenter,isdevelopinganappthatwillallowmanagersandshipmemberstobealarmedtothepossiblelocationofbluewhales.(美国国家海洋和大气管理局渔业西南渔业科学中心的研究生态学家BrianaAbrahms博士正在开发一款应用程序，可以让管理人员和船员对蓝鲸可能的位置发出警告)”可知，这款应用程序是为了告知鲸鱼可能的位置。故选B项。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Abrahmsadmitsthatvoluntaryslow-downplansforlargeshipsontheeastcoastoftheUS(slowershipsbeinglesslikelytokillwhales)haveseenlowlevelsofobedience.(Abrahms承认，美国东海岸的大型船只自愿减速计划（速度较慢的船只不太可能杀死鲸鱼）的遵守程度很低)”可知，当前的减速计划执行的效果不佳，因此伤害甚至杀死鲸鱼的可能性仍然很高。由此推知，Abrahms对当前的减速计划会感到担忧。故选C项。【40题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了随着海洋交通量的增长，确保海洋航行安全成为必要之举。美国西海岸既是国际港口，也是许多鲸鱼的栖息地，船只与鲸鱼的交汇常常造成鲸鱼的死亡，因此研究人员正在研究一款应用程序，更为精准地预测鲸鱼出没的位置，将位置信息告知船只人员，以确保船只减速前行从而确保鲸鱼的安全。由此可知，A项“避免船只和鲸鱼交汇的办法”符合文章大意。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Gettingenoughsleephelpsyoufocus,rememberinformationand strengthenyourimmunesystem.Butwhenitcomestochildren,theywillnotthinkaboutthesebenefitsofqualitysleep.Manyparentsstruggletogettheirschool-agedchildren,fromagesfiveto11,towillinglyandpeacefullywinddownforbed.____41____,thetipsonforminghealthysleepinghabitscanbenefit yourentirefamily.____42____Buildinghealthysleepinghabitsstartswithcreatingaroutinefortheentirefamily.Thiscouldincludeturningoffscreens,spendingqualitytimewithyourchildren,andbrushingyourteethandsayinggoodnight.Thebenefitsofhavingaconsistent(一致的)bedtimeschedulegobeyondgettingenoughhoursofsleep.StoreawayanythingwithascreenWhatmayalsodistractyourkidsfromfallingasleepisbrightlightfromelectronicdevices.Youmayhaveheardof melatonin(褪黑素),yoursleephormone.____43____—anddoesn’tallowthemelatonintomakeyoufeelsleepy.Soturningdevicesoff—TVs,iPads,phones,allofit—atleastanhourbeforebedtimeisideal.ConsistencyisthemagicwordForanyonehopingtogetbettersleep,itallcomesdowntoconsistency.Soifyourfamilyistryingoutanewroutine,“itusuallytakesbeingconsistentforaperiodofthreetofourdaysbeforeyou’llseethatchangeinbehaviorinthechild.”Creatinganidealsleepenvironmentcanalsohelpkidskeepaconsistentbedtime.Expertsrecommendusingblackoutcurtainstosetupabedroomthatispitchblack,ifnecessary.____44____.Theseconditionscan’tbemetineveryhome,butevenafewadjustmentscouldmakeahugedifferenceinyourfamily’swell-being.BepreparedforthetricksWhenitgetsclosertobedtime,it’simportanttowatchoutforyourlittleone’scuesandbodylanguage.Ifyounoticethemgettingtired,donotwaittostartyourbedtimeroutine.Ifyouwaittoolong,yourkidswillnolongerfeelsleepybutstillfeelverytired.You’dbettercreateabedtimechecklistthatincludeseverythingyourfamilydoesbeforegoingtobed.Onthislist,youcanalsowritedownanythingthatyourchildtypicallyrequestslikewater,storytimeorhugsandkisses.____45____,youcanhavethechildcheckoffalltheitemsandsothatwhenyougotoleaveandthechildsays,“Oh,Ineedonemoresipofwater”,youcansay“Wetookcareofthatalready,sweetie.Iloveyou.Goodnight.I’llseeyouinthemorning.”A.BluelightfromelectronicsaffectsyoureyesB.ElectronicdeviceswearchildrenoutC.ItalsohelpstokeepyourroomatalowertemperatureD.ForparentsstrugglingtogettheirlittleonestobedontimeE.InordertogetthoseenergeticchildrentosleepinabetterwayF.SoafterthatbedtimeroutineiscompletedG.Createabedtimeroutine【答案】41.D42.G43.A44.C45.F【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要提出一些帮助孩子养成健康睡眠习惯的建议。【详解】1.由上文“Manyparentsstruggletogettheirschool-agedchildren,fromagesfiveto 11,towillinglyandpeacefullywinddownforbed.”(许多家长努力让他们5岁到11岁的学龄儿童，自愿而和平地安静地上床睡觉。)可知，许多家长都努力让他们的孩子准时上床睡觉，结合下文“thetipsonforminghealthysleepinghabitscanbenefityourentirefamily.”(养成健康睡眠习惯的小贴士对你的整个家庭都有好处。)可知，这些建议是针对那些努力让孩子准时上床睡觉的家长说的，D项“Forparentsstrugglingtogettheirlittleonestobedontime”(对于那些努力让孩子准时上床睡觉的家长来说)符合语境，故选D。2.分析文章结构可知，此处应该是本段小标题。根据下文“Buildinghealthysleepinghabitsstartswithcreatingaroutinefortheentirefamily.Thiscouldincludeturningoffscreens,spendingqualitytimewithyourchildren,andbrushingyourteethandsayinggoodnight.Thebenefitsofhavingaconsistent(一致的)bedtimeschedulegobeyondgettingenoughhoursofsleep.”(养成健康的睡眠习惯首先要为整个家庭建立一个常规。这可以包括关掉屏幕，和孩子们共度美好时光，刷牙和道晚安。有一个稳定的就寝时间表的好处要比有足够的睡眠时间重要。)可知，本段主要是强调制定一套就寝时间计划，G选项“Createabedtimeroutine”(制定一套就寝常规)符合，故选G。3.根据本段小标题“Storeawayanythingwithascreen”(把所有有屏幕的东西都收起来)和下文“anddoesn’tallowthemelatonintomakeyoufeelsleepy.”(而且不会让褪黑激素使你感到困倦)可知，空处应该是说明电子屏幕对人们的不良影响，且和下文构成并列关系，A选项“Bluelightfromelectronicsaffectsyoureyes”(电子设备发出的蓝光会影响你的眼睛)符合，故选A。4.根据上文“Expertsrecommendusingblackoutcurtainstosetupabedroomthatispitchblack,ifnecessary.”(专家建议，如果有必要，可以用遮光窗帘来设置一间漆黑的卧室。)可知，空处应该是说明用遮光窗帘来设置一间漆黑的卧室的好处，C选项“Italsohelpstokeepyourroomatalowertemperature”(这也有助于使你的房间保持较低的温度。)符合，其中it代指上句话中的“遮光窗帘”，故选C。5.根据上文“You’dbettercreateabedtimechecklistthatincludeseverythingyourfamilydoesbeforegoingtobed.Onthislist,youcanalsowritedownanythingthatyourchildtypicallyrequestslikewater,storytimeorhugsandkisses.”(你最好列一张睡前清单，上面记录了你家人睡前做的所有事情。在这个清单上，你也可以写下孩子通常要求的任何东西，比如水，故事时间，拥抱和亲吻。)和下文“youcanhavethechildcheckoffalltheitems”(你可以让孩子检查所有项目)可知，睡前要做的事：列睡前清单，继而完成这些项目，最后让孩子检查所有项目，所以空处应该是说明完成这些项目，F选项“Soafterthatbedtimeroutineiscompleted”(所以在睡前例行程序完成后)符合，承上启下，故选F。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题,每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。LastSunday,therewasnodirtintheair,onlybrightspringsunshineandaclearbluesky.Afterchurch,PapaheadedouttothefieldtocheckonthecattlewhileMamastarteddinner.FayeandIplayedintheyard.Thetemperaturesuddenlydropped-itfeltgood.The____46____hadbeenbuildingsincedawn.ThenMamashoutedfromthehouse,“Merry,youandFayegetinside,realquicknow!”Ilookedtothewestandsawahugeblackcloudof____47____,likethicksmokefromarailwayengine’schimney.Allthebirdsflewaway.“Faye,gowithMama!”Ishouted.“I’llwarnPapa.”Fayerantowardthehouse.ThestormhitsofastthatI____48____sawherclimbtheporch(门廊)steps.Inashorttime,thedayturnedintonight.I____49____forPapa,hopingmyvoicewouldleadhimback.Thedirtandsandstungmyfacelikeathousandbees.Ineededtogettoshelter.____50____myfacewithonehand,Imademywaytowardthecarandopenedthedoor.DirtflewinwithmeasIpulledthedoorclosed.Papawasstilloutthere!Ineededtohelphim____51____thecar.Isearchedthedashboard(仪表板)andfoundtheswitchforthefront____52____.Theymadesomerays,butwouldPapaseetheminthethick____53____?Ipushedthehornagainandagain,hopingPapawouldhearit.Suddenly,Papa’sfaceappearedatthewindow.Myheartjumpedwithsurpriseand____54____.Heopenedthedoorandclimbedontotheseatnexttome.Hecoughedandwipedhiseyeswithdirtyhands,thenpulledmeintohisarms.“Oh,Merry,you’re_____55_____.”IhuggedPapaandcried.Icouldfeelthetearsstreamingdownmydirtycheeks.Papa_____56_____myface.“YourmotherandFaye?”Isaid,“Theyareinthehouse.”Papanodded,“Good.We’llwaitoutthestormthere.”Papashutoffthecar’slightsandIworriedthedirtwould_____57_____us.Finally,thewinddieddownandtheduststartedto_____58_____.Papakickedagainstthedoor,openingitfarenoughtoletusout.WewenthomeasMama_____59_____out.“Mama!”Ishoutedandranintoherarms.“Oh,mypreciousMerry!”Mamacried.“YouandPapaaresafe!”“I’msafethankstoMerry,”Papasaid.“Thecar’shornledmetoshelter.”“I’msoproudofyou.”Mamasaidtome.Icriedevenmorethen,tearsofjoybecauseourfamilyhad_____60_____thehorriblestorm.46.A.sandB.thunderC.heatD.snow47.A.fogB.gasC.steamD.dust48.A.quicklyB.hardlyC.reallyD.surprisingly49.A.screamedB.waitedC.lookedD.searched50.A.CleaningB.TouchingC.CoveringD.Rubbing 51.A.fixB.findC.recognizeD.drive52.A.lightsB.handlesC.wheelsD.windows53A.smokeB.darknessC.forestD.atmosphere54.A.reliefB.warmthC.excitementD.bravery55.A.handsomeB.carefulC.safeD.impressive56.A.glaredatB.lookedintoC.sweptoverD.reachedfor57.A.poisonB.leaveC.hurtD.bury58.A.spreadB.multiplyC.settleD.double59.A.watchedB.slippedC.laughedD.rushed60.A.survivedB.defeatedC.experiencedD.caused【答案】46.C47.D48.B49.A50.C51.B52.A53.B54.A55.C56.B57.D58.C59.D60.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在一场可怕的暴风雨中作者寻找爸爸，帮爸爸躲避灾难的故事。【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：天亮以来，高温一直在增加。A.sand沙子；B.thunder雷；C.heat高温；D.snow雪。由上文“Thetemperaturesuddenlydropped—itfeltgood”可知，温度突然降下来了，这说明之前一直都是高温，故选C。【47题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我向西望去，看到一大团黑色的尘埃，就像从火车发动机的烟囱里冒出来的浓烟。A.fog雾；B.gas汽油；C.steam蒸汽；D.dust灰尘。由下文“likethicksmokefromarailwayengine’schimney.”可知，此处指灰尘就像从火车发动机的烟囱里冒出来的浓烟，故选D。【48题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：暴风雨来得太快了，我几乎看不见她爬上门廊的台阶。A.quickly快速地；B.hardly几乎不；C.really真正地；D.surprisingly惊人地。由上文“ThestormhitsofastthatI”可知，暴风雨来得太快了，作者几乎没看见暴风雨爬上门廊的台阶，故选B。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我大声喊爸爸，希望我的声音能把他带回来。A.screamed 大声喊；B.waited等待；C.looked看；D.searched搜寻。由下文“hopingmyvoicewouldleadhimback.”可知，作者在大声喊，让他爸爸回来，故选A。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我用一只手捂住脸，走向车子，打开车门。A.Cleaning打扫；B.Touching触碰；C.Covering遮盖；D.Rubbing擦。由上文“Thedirtandsandstungmyfacelikeathousandbees.”和下文“myfacewithonehand”可知，泥土和沙子刺痛了作者的脸，所以他用一只手捂着自己的脸，故选C。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我得帮他找到那辆车。A.fix修理；B.find找到；C.recognize识别；D.drive开车。由下文“Isearchedthedashboard(仪表板)(我找了仪盘表)”和“Ipushedthehornagainandagain,hopingPapawouldhearit.(我一遍又一遍地按喇叭，希望爸爸能听到)”可知，作者在找爸爸的车，故选B。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在仪表板上找到了前灯的开关。A.lights灯；B.handles把手；C.wheels轮子；D.windows窗户。由上文“Isearchedthedashboard(仪表板)andfoundtheswitchforthefront”和下文“Theymadesomerays(它们发出了一些光线)”可知，作者在车的仪表板上找到了前灯的开关，故选A。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们发出了一些光线，但是爸爸会在浓密的黑暗中看到它们吗？A.smoke烟；B.darkness黑暗；C.forest森林；D.atmosphere氛围。由上文“Inashorttime,thedayturnedintonight.(很快，白天变成了黑夜)”可知，暴风雨来临，白天变成了黑夜，所以此指在黑暗中，故选B。【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的心因惊讶和宽慰而跳动。A.relief安慰；B.warmth温暖；C.excitement兴奋；D.bravery勇敢。由上文“Suddenly,Papa’sfaceappearedatthewindow.”可知，爸爸出现了，所以作者感到宽慰，故选A。【55题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：梅里，你是安全的。A.handsome英俊的；B.careful仔细的；C.safe安全的；D.impressive印象深刻的。由上文“thenpulledmeintohisarms.”可知，爸爸看到作者后很高兴，说了句“你是安全的”，故选C。【56题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：爸爸看着我的脸。A.glaredat怒视；B.lookinto看；C.sweptover席卷；D.reachedfor伸手去拿。由下文“myface.“YourmotherandFaye?””可知，爸爸看着作者的脸，问作者妈妈和Faye在哪里，故选B。 【57题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸关掉了车灯，我担心泥土会把我们埋了。A.poison安置；B.leave离开；C.hurt伤害；D.bury埋。由上文“Iworriedthedirtwould”可知，作者担心泥土会把他们给埋了，故选D。【58题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：终于，风停了，尘埃开始落下。A.spread传播；B.multiply大大增加；C.settle(灰尘等)落下；D.double加倍。由上文“Finally,thewinddieddownandtheduststartedto”可知，风停了，灰尘开始落下，故选C。【59题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们回家了，妈妈冲出来了。A.watched观看；B.slipped滑倒；C.laughed笑；D.rushed冲。由上文“Wewenthome”可知，妈妈看到作者和爸爸回来了，于是激动地冲出来，故选D。【60题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时我哭得更厉害了，喜极而泣，因为我们一家在那场可怕暴风雨中幸存了下来。A.survived幸存；B.defeated击败；C.experienced经历；D.caused引起。由上文“tearsofjoybecauseourfamilyhad”和上文描述作者一家在暴风雨后都活下来可知，作者喜极而泣，因为他们一家在那场可怕的暴风雨中幸存了下来了，故选A。第二节短文填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下列短文,根据上下文在空由处填写适当的词语,或使用括号中所给词语的适当形式填空。Haveyouevertastedorperhapsheardofsugarpainting?Asfewerpeoplechoosetomakesugarpaintings,thetraditionalChinesefolkcraftmighthavebecomea____61____(distance)memoryinsomeways.However,a38-year-oldcraftsman,LiJiangzhong,isdevotedto____62____(keep)theartofsugarpaintingalive.Liworked____63____aminerformorethantenyears.Aftertheminecloseddown,Liturnedtohousingdecorationuntilhe____64____(force)togivethatupduetoafingerinjury.Earlierthisyear,hediscoveredsugarpainting,somethinghereallyhad____65____interestin.Sincetherewasnosugarpaintingcraftsmaninhisvillage,hestudiedby____66____(he)throughlargequantitiesofvideosandinformationontheInternet.Lilovedpaintingwhenhewasyoung,____67____hefounditeasytolearntheskillinsugarpainting.Hesoonmasteredtheskillandcouldhavevarietiesofsugarpaintings____68____(make)withmeltedbrownorwhitesugar.Acraftsman____69____(careful)paintsanimalsandflowersonastoneboardwiththesyrup(糖浆).Whatappearsisapieceofsugarartwhenthesugar_____70_____(cool)down.【答案】61.distant62.keeping 63.as64.wasforced65.an66.himself67.and68.made69.carefully70.cools【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了38岁的工匠李江忠在尝试了许多其他工作后，致力于钻研糖画艺术。【61题详解】考查形容词。句意：随着越来越少的人选择制作糖画，中国传统民间工艺在某些方面可能已经成为遥远的记忆。分析句子结构，空白处在句中子中作定语，使用形容词，故填distant。【62题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，38岁的工匠李江忠致力于保持糖画艺术的生命力。分析句子结构，bedevotedtodoing为固定短语，含义为：致力于……，其中的to为介词，后跟动名词，故填keeping。【63题详解】考查介词。句意：李当了十几年的矿工。分析句子结构，workas为固定短语，含义为：做……工作，与句子表达的含义一致，故填as。【64题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：矿井关闭后，李某转而从事房屋装修，直到手指受伤被迫放弃。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，与主语之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，因句子表达的是发生在过去的动作，使用一般过去时的被动语态，又因主语为单数，故填wasforced。【65题详解】考查冠词。句意：今年早些时候，他发现了糖画，这是他真正感兴趣的一种东西。根据名词的用法，名词前需使用不定冠词，表示“一种”含义，因空白处后面词以元音音素开头，故填an。【66题详解】考查代词。句意：由于村里没有糖画工匠，他通过互联网上的大量视频和信息自学。根据下文“throughlargequantitiesofvideosandinformationontheInternet(通过互联网上的大量视频和信息)”可知，他是自学糖画，应使用反身代词，故填himself。【67题详解】考查连词。句意：李从小就喜欢画画，他发现学习糖画很容易。根据上文“Lilovedpaintingwhenhewasyoung(李从小就喜欢画画)”以及下文“hefounditeasytolearntheskill insugarpainting(他发现学习糖画很容易).”可知上下文为并列关系，应使用表是并列关系的并列连词，故填and。【68题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他很快就掌握了这项技能，可以用融化的红糖或白糖画出各种各样的糖画。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做后置定语，应使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语sugarpaintings之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词，故填made。【69题详解】考查副词。句意：一位工匠用糖浆在石板上仔细地画动物和花朵。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语，使用副词，故填carefully。【70题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当糖冷却下来时，出现的是一件糖的艺术品。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，因句子表示的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语用第三人称单数，故填cools。第四部分完成句子(共10小题,每小题2分,满分20分)根据各句括号内的中文提示,用短语或结构的正确形式完成句子,每空限填一个单词。71.Thefamousbookis____________(基于)atruestory.(根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】①.based②.on【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这本著名的书是基于一个真实的故事。根据汉语提示可知，此处考查固定短语bebasedon，表示“基于，以……为基础”。①based；②on。72.Hefailedto____________(符合)tohisparents’expectations.(根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】①.live②.up【解析】【详解】考查动词短语。句意：他没有达到父母的期望。“符合”为短语liveup，failtodo固定搭配，意为“未能做某事”，所以动词live应用原形，故填①live②up。73.Amazedathowskillfultheywere,Iwas____________(决心)bejustasgood.(根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】①.determined②.to【解析】【详解】考查短语。句意：我对他们娴熟的技巧感到惊讶，于是决心要做到和他们一样好。“下定决心做某事”为短语bedeterminedtodo。故填①determined；②to。74.Whenfacingsetbacks,youshouldtrytogetoutoftheshadowand____________(振作).(根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】①.cheer②.up【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和不定式。句意：当面对挫折时，你应该努力走出阴影，振作起来。“振作”是固定短语cheerup，trytodosth.是固定短语，意为“努力做某事”，因此空格处动词用原形，故填cheer，up。75.Herhealth____________(崩渍)underthepressureofworklastnight.(根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】①.broke②.down【解析】【详解】考查时态和动词短语。句意：昨晚她的身体因工作压力而垮掉了。“崩溃”为动词短语breakdown，由lastnight可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填①broke②down。76.Thatsolutionappearedtobereasonablebothinlogicandin____________(常识).(根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】①.common②.sense【解析】【详解】考查名词短语。句意：这个解决办法在逻辑和常识上看来都是合理的。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词短语commonsense“常识”，满足句意要求。故填①common；②sense。77.YesterdayMichael____________(道歉)histeacherforbeinglate.(根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】①.apologised##apologized②.to【解析】【详解】考查动词短语。句意：昨天Michael因迟到向老师道歉。根据汉语提示可知，apologise/apologize道歉，动词，“向某人道歉”使用固定搭配apologise/apologizeto，根据“Yesterday”可知句子用一般过去时，故填apologised/apologizedto。78.Somethingmustbedoneto______theenvironment______(保护……免受)beingpolluted.(根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】①.protect②.from【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：必须采取措施保护环境不受污染。根据“theenvironment”和汉语提示“保护……免受”可知，此处用固定短语preventsb./sth.from(doing)sth.，第一空前有to，句中用了不定式结构作目的状语，第一空的prevent用原形。故填①prevent；②from。79.Sadly,QueenElizabethII____________(去世)lastyearandpeoplestillthinkofherallthetime.(根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】①.passed②.away 【解析】【详解】考查动词短语。句意：令人遗憾的是，英国女王伊丽莎白二世去年去世了，人们仍然时时刻刻想起她。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用动词短语passaway，结合时间状语“lastyear”可知，应用一般过去时。故填①passed；②away。80.Iamsureeveryonewill______alot______(受益)thisgroupactivity.(根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】①.benefit②.from【解析】【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我相信每个人都会从这次集体活动中受益匪浅。根据汉语提示，表示“从……中受益”含义的动词短语为benefitfrom；根据空白处前面的助动词will可知第一个空白处应填动词原形，故答题空1填benefit；答题空2填from。第五部分应用文写作(满分25分)＊作文的卷面书写占5分,请认真作答!81.你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以TakeaBreakfromSocialMedia为题，写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：1.提出观点；2.陈述理；3.发起倡议。注意：1.词数80左右；2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】PossibleVersion:TakeaBreakfromSocialMediaIt’sagreathonorformetodeliveraspeech,whosetitleis“TakeaBreakfromSocialMedia”.Withtheimprovementoftechnology,socialmediahasbecomemoreandmorepopular.However,socialmediahasagreatmanydisadvantages,soweshouldtakeabreakfromit.Withsomuchtimespentonsocialmedia,studentsnowadayscannotconcentrateontheirstudies.Besides,thereismuchillegalandharmfulinformationonthesocialmedia,andthestudentscannottellthegoodfromthebad.It’stimeforustoturnoffourdevicesforawhileandembracethephysicalworld.【解析】 【导语】本文是开放作文。要求考生以TakeaBreakfromSocialMedia为题，写一篇发言稿，来参加你校将举办的英语演讲比赛，内容包括：提出观点；陈述理由；发起倡议。【详解】1.词汇积累荣幸：honor→privilege许多：agreatmany→alargenumberof集中于：concentrateon→focuso关上：turnoff→switchoff2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Withsomuchtimespentonsocialmedia,studentsnowadayscannotconcentrateontheirstudies.拓展句：Withsomuchtimespentonsocialmedia,studentsnowadayscannotconcentrateontheirstudies,whichsurelywillaffecttheirschoolperformance.【点睛】[高分句型1]It’sagreathonorformetodeliveraspeech,whosetitleis“TakeaBreakfromSocialMedia”.(运用了whose引导的非限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]Withsomuchtimespentonsocialmedia,studentsnowadayscannotconcentrateontheirstudies.(运用了with复合结构)