安徽省黄山市2023届高三英语二模试题（Word版附解析）

黄山市2023届高中毕业班第一次质量检测英语试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。答案应写在答题卷上，不能答在试题卷上。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whichtrainwillthemancatch?A.The6:00pmone.B.The6:40pmone.C.The7:15pmone.2.Whyisthewomantirednow?A.Shewashedsomeshoes.B.ShedidsomecookingC.Shewentforarun.3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Mummerandcustomer.C.Goodfriends.4.Whatdoesthewomanplantodotomorrowmorning?A.Makeacake.B.Prepareaparty.C.Pickupthedrycleaning.5.Whatarethespeakersprobablytalkingabout?A.Aprogramhost.B.Ateacher.C.Anactress.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。听第6段材料，回苔第6至7题。6.WhereisAndynowprobably?A.IntherestaurantB.Inthesportscenter.C.Attheairport7.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.TosendaninvitationtoAndy.B.ToaskAndyforsomeinformation.C.TotellAndythenewmeetingtime. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atthewoman’shome.B.Intheoffice.C.Inthehospital.9.Whatdoesthewomanneed?A.Somemedicine.B.Somefood.C.Somemagazines.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whichtypeofroomdocsthewomanwant?AAsingleroom.B.Adoubleroom.C.Aqueenroom.11.Howmuchdoesthewomanneedtopayintotal?A.$100.B.$250.C.$500.12.Whatisthewomangoingtodofirst?A.Showherpassport.B.Visitthebookedroom.C.Makethepayment.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Howmanymusiciansdidthewomaninterview?A.Three.B.Six.C.Nine.14.Whatdidthemusicianshaveincommon?A.Theywereallyoung.B.Theywereallmales.C.Theyallwonsomeprizes.15.Whatdidthewomanworryaboutbeforeconductingtheinterviews?A.Theprocedureoftheinterviews.B.Theinterviewmethod.C.Thequalityoftheinterviews.16.Whatdidthewomanthinkoftheinterviews?A.Difficult.B.Informal.C.Interesting.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.MakingareportB.Hostingaprogram.C.Givingaclass.18.Wherecanlistenerslistentopopmusic?A.OnRadio1.B.OnRadio2.C.OnRadio3.19.Whatarelistenersusuallyrequiredtopayfor?A.Thelatestmovies.B.ThefamoussongsC.Thelivesportsgames20.Whatisrecommendedforthelatestnews?A.Thenationalradio.B.TV1andTV2C.Thelocalnewspapers.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分375分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 APassionateVolunteerLanguageEducatorsforInternationalGlobalvoyageWantedTheGlobalEnglishEspañolTrainingProgramme(GET)isPeaceBoar’sEnglishandSpanishschool.Onourvoyages,thisprogrammeisrunbyinternationalteamsofpassionatevolumeterteacherswhoinspireourstudentstouselanguagetomakeconnectionswithpeoplefromallovertheworld.GETisnowacceptingapplicationsforEnglishandSpanishlanguageteachersforthe113thGlobalVoyage.TheapplicationsmustbesubmittedbeforeAugust1,2023.AllinterviewswillbeconductedonlineandwilltakeplacebetweenAugust29,2023andSeptember2,2023.Formoreinformation,downloadourapplicationpackorsendusanemail.PeaceBoatandGETarekeepingup-to-datewithglobalCOVID-19developments.Thesafetyofourpassengers,volunteers,staff,andcrewismostimportant.Conditionsofemployment:Thispositionisforenthusiastic,highlymotivated,dynamicindividualswithaminimumof18monthsoffull-timeteachingexperience.ApplicantsshouldbehighlyadvancedspeakersofEnglishorSpanish,althoughitisnotnecessarytobea“native”or“firstlanguage”speaker.Certification,graduatedegreesandormulti-languageabilitiesarehighlyregarded-thoughnotrequired.Pleasenote:thisisavolunteerposition,butvoyageexpensearecovered.Allsuccessfulapplicantsmustbeabletoattendthepre-voyagerulingtobeheldinTokyoroughlyoneweekbeforetheofficialdeparturedate.ForSpanishteachers:PleasenotethatallteacherrelatexdGETProgrammeadministrativeactivitiesandcorrespondenceareconductedinEnglish.AllapplicationmaterialshouldbepresentedinEnglish.1.Whatistheapplicationsdeadline?A.August1,2023.B.August31,2023.C.August29,2023.D.September2,2023.2.Whatisrequiredoftheappearance?A.Theymusthavefull-timeteachingexperience.B.Theymusthavegraduatedegrees.C.TheyhavetopayfortheirvoyageexpensesthemselvesD.Theyhavetoworkwithnativespeakersforover18months.3.WhatshouldSpanishapplicantspayattentionto?A.LearningaboutseaareasaroundJapan.B.TakingavoyagearoundJapanbeforethedeparturedate.C.KeepinginclosetouchwithGETadministrativestaff.D.WritingtheirapplicationmaterialinEnglish.【答案】1.A2.A3.D【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一篇诚聘国际环球航行语言教育义工的招募启事。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“TheapplicationsmustbesubmittedbeforeAugust1,2023.(申请必须在2023年8月1日前提交。)”可知，申请截止日期为2023年8月1日。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Thispositionisforenthusiastic,highlymotivated,dynamicindividualswithaminimumof18monthsoffull-timeteachingexperience.(该职位适合有热情、上进心强、有活力的人，至少有18个月的全职教学经验。)”可知，必须有全职教学经验。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“AllapplicationmaterialshouldbepresentedinEnglish.(所有申请材料必须用英文呈现。)”可知，西班牙申请者应该注意用英语撰写申请材料。故选D。BAfewyearsagoIwentshoppingwithafriendforanowmotorcycle.Hedidn’thaveaparticularmakeormodelinmind.Hisonlytwocritteria?Abigengine—sincetoomuchhorsepowerisneverenough—andsincehe’stall,arelativetyrelaxedridingposition.IsuggestedaHayabusa,whichmethiscriteria.OranXS-14R.Bothwerewithinhisbudget,especiallytheHayabusasincethedealerwasofferinga$2.500discountonapreviousyear’smodel.Herodethembothandlovedthemboth.ThenhebecameveryinterestedinaZX-6RKRT.Greatmotorcycle,sure.Butamuchsmallermotor.Andaridingpositionthatmadehimlooklikeacontortedmantis(变形的螳螂).Itseemedlikeanoddchoice.Untilithitme.Thepurchaseofanymotorcycle750ccandundercamewithafreehelmet.Sincemyfriendalsowantedanewhelmet,gettingoneforfreewasextremelyappealing.Afterallthemathdidn’twork.Weeventuallynegotiated$3,200offthepriceoftheHayabusa.Thefreehelmetwasonlyworth$250.A2017studypublishedinMarketingSciencefoundthatpeopletendtosignificantlyovervalue“free”.Whenfacedwithachoiceofselectingoneofseveralavailableproducts,peoplewillchoosetheoptionwiththehighestcost-benefitdifference,however,decisionsaboutfree(zero-price)productsdiffer,inthatpeopledonotsimplytakeawaycostsfrombenefitsbutinsteadconsiderthebenefitsassociatedwithfreeproductsasTwomonthslatermyfiendtradedinhis6Rfora14R.Butdon’tthinkbadlyofhim.We’veallbeenblindedbythepowerof“free”.Sowheneversomethingisfree,stopandconsidertheintent,andsee“free”asareasontodo evenmoremath.4.Whatkindofmotorcycledidtheauthor’sfriendintendtobuy?A.Agoodsecond-handone.B.Apreviousyear’sHayabusa.C.AhighlyfashionableXS-14RD.Apowerfulandcomfortableone.5.WhataspectoftheZX-6RKRTdealattractedtheauthor’sfriendmost?A.Itsprice.B.Itsfreegift.C.Its750ccengine.D.Itsclassicaldesign.6Whydoestheauthormentionthe2017study?A.Toofferhisfriendabetterpurchaseplan.B.Tostresstheimportanceofnegotiatingskills.C.Totellreadershowtogetmorezero-priceproducts.D.Toexplainwhyhisfriendmadesuchanunwisechoice.7.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.It’stimetostopdoingthemathB.GettingsomethingforfreeissofunC.“Free”issometimestheworstdealD.Wealllovetobuysomethingonsale.【答案】4.D5.B6.D7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的朋友想买摩托车，没有买适合自己的车子，反而因为免费的头盔买了让自己看起来像变形的螳螂的车子。所以，当东西是免费的，你要停下来考虑一下意图，因为“免费”有时是最糟糕的交易。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据首段第三四句“Hisonlytwocritteria?Abigengine—sincetoomuchhorsepowerisneverenough—andsincehe’stall,arelativetyrelaxedridingposition.(他仅有的两个标准是什么？一个大引擎——因为大马力才够用——因为他很高，所以坐的位置相对轻松。)”可知，作者朋友买摩托车的两个标准是：大马力和舒服。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Untilithitme.Thepurchaseofanymotorcycle750ccandundercamewithafreehelmet.(直到我突然意识到。购买任何750cc及以下的摩托车都可免费赠送头盔。)”以及第六段“Sincemyfriendalsowantedanewhelmet,gettingoneforfreewasextremelyappealing.(因为我的朋友也想要一个新头盔，所以免费得到一个头盔非常有吸引力。)”可知，最吸引作者的朋友是ZX-6RKRT的免费的头盔。故选B。【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“Sincemyfriendalsowantedanewhelmet,gettingoneforfreewasextremelyappealing.(因为我的朋友也想要一个新头盔，所以免费得到一个头盔非常有吸引力。)”以及倒数第三段首句“A2017studypublishedinMarketingSciencefoundthatpeopletendtosignificantlyovervalue“free”.(2017年发表在《营销科学》上的一项研究发现，人们往往会严重高估“免费”的价值。)”可知，作者提及2017年的研究是为了解释为什么他的朋友做出了如此不明智的选择，因为免费的头盔买了不适合自己的车子。故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“We’veallbeenblindedbythepowerof“free”.（我们都被“免费”的力量蒙蔽了双眼）”根据末段“Sowheneversomethingisfree,stopandconsidertheintent,andsee“free”asareasontodoevenmoremath.(因此，无论什么时候，只要有东西是免费的，就停下来考虑一下意图，并将“免费”视为做更多数学运算的理由。)”以及全文朋友买摩托车的故事可知，当东西是免费的，你要停下来考虑一下意图，因为“免费”有时是最糟糕的交易。故选C。CAteamofresearchersfromtheUniversityofGroningen,theUniversityofTuscia,Roflight,LemselobrinkandtheRoyalNetherlandsAirForcehasdesigned,builtandtestedarobotnamedRobotFalconfashionedtolookandflylikeaperegrinefalcon(游隼)asameansofdrivingoffflocks(群)ofbirdsaroundairports.Birds,whetheraloneorinflocks,areamenacetoflyingplanes.Whenaplanestrikesabird,damagewillbecaused-occasionallywithdisastrousresults.TheplanethatfamouslylandedontheHudsonRiverin2009,forexample,wasdamagedbybirdsenteringtheplane’senginesaccidentally,causingtheirfailure.Scientistshavebeenworkingonwaystopreventbirdsfromenteringflightspacesbutthusfarhavemetwithonlypartialsuccess.Currentlydrones(无人机)areusedtoscarebirdsaway,asaretrainedfalconsaridsystemsthatmakesoundsofbirdsingreatpain.Inthishoweffort,theresearcherstookanewapproach-theydesignedaremote-controlledflyingrobotjustlikeaperegrinefalconthatcatchesandkillsotherbirds,whichthereforetrytoavoidit.TheresultistheRobotFalcon,whichispaintedtolooklikearealperegrinefalconandispoweredbyaninternalengine.Tocapablycopytheflyingpatternsofafalcon,theresearchersstudiedtheflyingcharacteristicsofrealbirdsandthenaddedfeaturestotheirrobotbirdthatwouldallowittoflyinsimilarways.Duringfieldtests,therobotbirdscaredawayentireflocksofbirdswithinfiveminutesofarrival:onhalfoftheseflights,itwasabletoclearthefieldwithin70seconds.Theteamconductedmultipletestswiththesameflockofbirdsoverthreemonthsandfoundnohabituation-theywereafraidofitnomatterhowoftentheysawit. 8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“menace”inparagraph2mean?A.Wonder.B.Threat.C.Limit.D.Target.9.Whichofthefollowinghasbeenusedtoscarebirdsaway?A.Selectedwildfalcons.B.Dronesintheshapeofbirds.C.Systemsproducingbirds’bittercries.D.Speciallydesignedplaneengines.10.Whatcontributestothe-researchersselectingaperegrinefalconfortheirdesign?A.ItisscaryB.Itcanbeeasilycaught.C.ItistypicalinRoflight.D.Ithasuniqueflyingpatterns.11.Whywastherobottestedrepeatedlywiththesameflockofbirds?A.Topredictitsservicelife.B.Toimproveitsefficiency.C.Toworkoutaserviceschedule.D.Tomeasureitslong-termeffectiveness.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。鸟类对于飞行的飞机来说是一种威胁，为了阻止鸟类出现在机场，研究人员用像游隼一样的无人机吓跑鸟类，效果显著。【8题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段第一二句“Birds,whetheraloneorinflocks,areamenacetoflyingplanes.Whenaplanestrikesabird,damagewillbecaused-occasionallywithdisastrousresults.(鸟类，无论是单独的还是成群的，对飞行的飞机都是一种。当飞机撞上一只鸟时，会造成损害，有时还会造成灾难性的后果。)”可知，当飞机撞上一只鸟时，会造成损害。所以鸟类对于飞行的飞机来说是一种威胁，menace意为“威胁”。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段末句“Currentlydrones(无人机)areusedtoscarebirdsaway,asaretrainedfalconsaridsystemsthatmakesoundsofbirdsingreatpain.(目前无人机被用来吓跑鸟类，正如制造出使鸟类产生巨大的痛苦声音的训练有素的游隼和系统。)”可知，产生鸟类痛苦叫声的系统被用来吓跑鸟类。故选C。10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Inthishoweffort,theresearcherstookanewapproach-theydesignedaremote-controlledflyingrobotjustlikeaperegrinefalconthatcatchesandkillsotherbirds,whichthereforetrytoavoidit.(在这项研究中，研究人员采用了一种新的方法——他们 设计了一种遥控飞行机器人，就像游隼一样，可以捕捉并杀死其他鸟类，因此这些鸟类都试图避开它。)”可知，游隼可以捕捉并杀死其他鸟类，因此这些鸟类都害怕。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据末段末句“Theteamconductedmultipletestswiththesameflockofbirdsoverthreemonthsandfoundnohabituation-theywereafraidofitnomatterhowoftentheysawit.(研究小组在三个多月的时间里对同一群鸟进行了多次测试，没有发现他们习以为常——无论它们多久看到一次，它们都害怕。)”可知，机器人被反复测试是为了来衡量它的长期效果，检测看看这些鸟是不是会习以为常。故选D。DAstheyear2023istheYearoftheRabbitinChina,manybrandhaverolledoutanarrayofrabbit-themedgoods.WangChuchun,an18-year-oldfreshmanfromXiamenUniversityinFujian,boughtapairofshoesfromtherabbitcollectionmadebyHolli,adomesticbrand,duringtheSpringFestivalholiday.“IwouldliketoseeChineseculturebemoreincorporatedintoconsumergoodsthatcarryavarietyofbeautifulconnotations(内涵).”Wangtoldjournalist.Guochao,thecombinationofChinesetraditionswithmoderndesigns,hasbecomeakeywordforthisyear’sSpringFestivalproductconsumption,accordingtostatisticsfromVipshop(alsoknownasweipinhuiinChinese),anonlineretailer(零售商).Thesalesvolumeof361Degrees,asportsequipmentcompany,sawariseof188percentonayear-on-yearbasisduringtheSpringFestivalwiththeirrabbitcollection.Whoisbehindthesurgeofsalesforguochaoproducts?AccordingtoareportreleasedbydataserviceproviderAurora,theproportionofyoungpeopleinterestedintheguochaoproductsaccountedformorethan70percentofconsumers.ThusthetargetmarketoftheguochaoproductsisChina’s400million-strongarmyofyoungconsumers,TomHarper,alecturerininternationalrelationsattheUniversityofEastLondon,saidtoTheConversation.LiketheirpeersinWesterncountries,China’sGenZconsumersareenthusiasticusersofsocialmedia;butthatiswherethesimilaritiesend.ThisgenerationhasgrownupduringChina’srapideconomicdevelopmentinthe2000sand2010s,whichisamarkedcontrasttotheirpeersintheWest,whocameofage,intheshadowofthe2008financialcrisis.Asaresult,theyhavebeencharacterizedasbeingmoreconfidentandbettereducatedthanpreviousgenerations.“Complexandprofoundsocialandculturalfactorhavecontributedtotheriseofguochao.ButitallcomesdowntodecadesofstabledevelopmentinChina.Asourcountryentersaneraofprosperity(繁荣),ourculturalconfidencegetsboostedaswell,”saidWang.12.WhyisWangChuchun’sexperiencementionedatthebeginningofthetext?A.Toillustratewhatyoungpeopleliketobuy. B.Toleaduptothetopicoftheguochaotrend.C.Toshowthepopularityofrabbit-themedgoods.D.Tostresstherisinginfluenceofdomesticbrands.13.Whataspectofguochaoproductsdoesparagraph3focuson?A.Theirtargets.B.Theirfeatures.C.Theirpopularity.D.Theirmarketpotential14.WhatcanbeinferredaboutChina’sGenZconsumers?A.Theirshoppinghabitsaremainlydrivenbysocialmedia.B.TheyhavebenefitedfromrapidgrowthineconomyC.They’remoreconfidentthantheirWesternpeers.D.They’vebeendeeplyaffectedbythefinancialcrisis.15.WhatisthefundamentalreasonfortheriseofguochaoaccordingtoWang?A.China’sstabledevelopment.B.China’ssocialandculturalfactors.C.Thepopularityofsocialmedia.D.Youngpeople’srisingculturalconfidence.【答案】12.B13.C14.B15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。随着2023兔年的到来，中国传统与现代设计相结合的“国潮”已成为今年春节商品消费的关键词，中国Z代人强大的消费能力受益于中国经济的稳步发展。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段““IwouldliketoseeChineseculturebemoreincorporatedintoconsumergoodsthatcarryavarietyofbeautifulconnotations(内涵).Wangtoldjournalist.(“我希望中国文化更多地融入到具有各种美好内涵的消费品中。”王告诉记者。)”以及第三段首句“Guochao,thecombinationofChinesetraditionswithmoderndesigns,hasbecomeakeywordforthisyear’sSpringFestivalproductconsumption,accordingtostatisticsfromVipshop(alsoknownasweipinhuiinChinese),anonlineretailer(零售商).(据在线零售商唯品会统计，将中国传统与现代设计相结合的“国潮”已成为今年春节商品消费的关键词。)”可知，文章开头提到了王楚春的经历是为了引出国潮趋势的话题。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Guochao,thecombinationofChinesetraditionswithmoderndesigns,hasbecomeakeywordforthisyear’sSpringFestivalproductconsumption,accordingtostatisticsfromVipshop(alsoknownasweipinhuiinChinese),anonlineretailer(零售商).Thesalesvolumeof361Degrees,asportsequipmentcompany,sawariseof188percentonayear-on-yearbasisduringtheSpringFestivalwiththeirrabbitcollection.(据在线零售商唯品会统计，将中国 传统与现代设计相结合的“国潮”已成为今年春节商品消费的关键词。运动器材公司361°的兔子系列在春节期间的销售额同比增长了188%。)”可知，将中国传统与现代设计相结合的“国潮”成为关键词以及361°的兔子系列销售额同比增长了188%都说明了国潮商品极高的受欢迎度。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第七段第一句“ThisgenerationhasgrownupduringChina’srapideconomicdevelopmentinthe2000sand2010s,whichisamarkedcontrasttotheirpeersintheWest,whocameofage,intheshadowofthe2008financialcrisis.(这一代人成长于本世纪头10年和2010年中国经济快速发展的时期，这与西方同龄人形成了鲜明对比，后者在2008年金融危机的阴影下长大成人。)”可知，中国的Z世代消费者受益于经济的快速增长。故选B。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据末段末句““ButitallcomesdowntodecadesofstabledevelopmentinChina.Asourcountryentersaneraofprosperity(繁荣),ourculturalconfidencegetsboostedaswell,”saidWang.(“但这一切都归结于中国几十年的稳定发展。随着我国进入繁荣时代，我们的文化自信也得到了增强。”王说。)”可知，王认为，国朝兴起的根本原因是中国经济的稳步发展。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Itiseasytogetcarriedawayinanargument.Whilehavingarational(理性的)conversationwithsomeonewhohasadifferentopinionmightseemlikeachallenge,itispossible.____16____TheEmpathy(同理心)ChallengeinanexercisecreatedbyZoeChance,seniorlecturerattheYaleSchoolofManagement.AtYale,Chanceteachesacoursecalled“MasteringInfluenceandPersuasion”wherestudentslearntocommunicatemoreeffectively.____17____“Astheyexplaintheirposition,youlistenfortheirunderlying(潜在的)values.Finally,youlookforcommongroundasyoureflectthosevaluesback.That’sit.”____18____.Asshecouldn’tunderstandwhymanypeoplechosetovoteforDonaldTrump,shefoundthreeTrump’svotersandspokewiththem.Throughaskingquestions,Chancewasabletoempathizewiththemandrealizetheyhadsimilarfeelings.Oneman,anOrthodoxJew,explainedthathesupportedTrumpbecauseTrump’sdaughterandson-in-lawareJewish.____19____.Thethirdwasalawyerwhobelievedthatauthenticity(真实性)wasimportantinpoliticalleaders.AlthoughChanceandthosepeoplehaddifferentpoliticalbeliefs,theywereabletorelatetothelifevaluesofothers.____20____A.Onewayistoapproachtheotherpersonwithempathy.B.Chancefirsttookthischallengeherselfbeforeaskingherstudentstotry. C.ThenextmanwasaRussianimmigrantpassionate(热爱的)aboutfreedom.D.Andthat’sthepointoftheexercise-tounderstandothersasfellowhumanbeings.E.Aresearchsuggestedthatcarryingconversationcanboostpeople’sempathyforothers.F.Inherblog,Chanceexplainsthatit’simportanttolistentopeoplewhodisagreewithyou.G.Anothermantriedtoexplorereasonablepersuasionwithoutcarryingawayherunderlyingalues.【答案】16.A17.F18.B19.C20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。与持不同意见的人进行理性对话虽是挑战，但也是可能的。钱斯教授为了让学生学习如何更有效地沟通，自己先进行练习挑战，找到了三个特朗普的选民，并与他们交谈。虽然钱斯和那些人有不同的政治信仰，但依然能够理解他人的人生价值观，从而证明了练习有效沟通的意义。【16题详解】前文“Whilehavingarational(理性的)conversationwithsomeonewhohasadifferentopinionmightseemlikeachallenge,itispossible.(在争论中很容易失去理智。虽然与持不同意见的人进行理性对话似乎是一种挑战，但这是可能的。)”说明与持不同意见的人进行理性对话虽是挑战，但也是可能的。结合选项。A项“Onewayistoapproachtheotherpersonwithempathy.(一种方法是带着同理心接近对方。)”符合语意逻辑，介绍与持不同意见的人进行理性对话是可能的的方法。故选A。【17题详解】前文“AtYale,Chanceteachesacoursecalled“MasteringInfluenceandPersuasion”wherestudentslearntocommunicatemoreeffectively.(在耶鲁大学，钱斯教授一门名为“掌握影响力和说服”的课程，让学生学习如何更有效地沟通。)”介绍钱斯教授让学生学习如何更有效地沟通的课程。结合选项，F项“Inherblog,Chanceexplainsthatit’simportanttolistentopeoplewhodisagreewithyou.(在她的博客中，钱斯解释说，倾听不同意你的人是很重要的。)”承接上文，都是在介绍如何更有效地沟通的方法。而且人物一致。故选F。【18题详解】下文“Asshecouldn’tunderstandwhymanypeoplechosetovoteforDonaldTrump,shefoundthreeTrump’svotersandspokewiththem.(由于她不明白为什么很多人选择投票给唐纳德·特朗普，她找到了三个特朗普的选民，并与他们交谈。)”说明钱斯教授自己实验通过同理心进行更有效地沟通。结合选项，B项“Chancefirsttookthischallengeherselfbeforeaskingherstudentstotry.(在让学生们尝试之前，钱斯自己先接受了这个挑战。)”承接下文，钱斯教授接受挑战，自己先去尝试与不同观点的人进行沟通。故选B。【19题详解】前文“Oneman,anOrthodoxJew,explainedthathesupportedTrumpbecauseTrump’sdaughter andson-in-lawareJewish.(一名正统犹太人解释说，他支持川普是因为川普的女儿和女婿是犹太人。)”以及后文“Thethirdwasalawyerwhobelievedthatauthenticity(真实性)wasimportantinpoliticalleaders.(第三位是一位律师，他认为真实对政治领导人很重要。)”分别介绍第一位和第三位支持特朗普的人，可推知，空处应为第二位支持特朗普的人。结合选项，C项“ThenextmanwasaRussianimmigrantpassionate(热爱的)aboutfreedom.(下一位是俄罗斯移民，对自由充满热情。)”承上启下，符合语意。故选C。【20题详解】前文“AlthoughChanceandthosepeoplehaddifferentpoliticalbeliefs,theywereabletorelatetothelifevaluesofothers.(虽然钱斯和那些人有不同的政治信仰，但他们能够理解他人的人生价值观。)”说明人们通过同理心可以进行有效的沟通。意在总结钱斯这样做的意义和作用。结合选项，D项“Andthat’sthepointoftheexercise-tounderstandothersasfellowhumanbeings.(这就是练习的意义——把他人理解为人类同胞。)”同样是在说明有效的沟通练习的意义。故选D。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Ican’tmissthelittleoldladystandingatabusstop.Withherkerchief(方头巾)onherhead,ablackumbrella____21____allover,Icantellsheisfreezing.I’mdrivingby,lateformyearlymorningshift(轮班).Idecidetostopandofferhera____22____.____23____,shedeclines,butwhenIaskagainand____24____,finally,shegetsinthecar.Itakehertoher____25____,andbythetimeshegetsoutofmycar,sheissmilingandthanksme.Iwas____26____forworkthatday,butIwassogladthatIstopped.Thatwas40yearsago,andthebeginningofanew____27____,onethatcontinueswhenI’moutdrivinginbadweather.Ifthere’ssomeoneatabusstop,especiallyifit’sanelderlypersonwaitingat____28____hoursandinbadweather,Iwill____29____andaskiftheyneedaride.Onceawomanjumpedinwithouthesitation,whichmademefeelgood.Thebestpartofmyrideoffersisthe____30____.Idotendtoaskalotofquestions:whereareyoufrom,whereareyougoing,family,background,petsandwhateverelsecomestomind.____31____,everyonewantstochat.Weareusuallylaughingbythetimetherideisover.“Whatashame!”Ioftenthinkwhentheyhopout,asthestorieswerejustgetting____32____.Astheyears____33____,perhapsIwillbetheonestandingatthebusstop.Perhapstherewillbesomebodywho____34____downawindowandoffersmeaseatforalittleride.Iwillcontinuetotakethatleapof____35____inthekindnessofstrangers.21.A.holdingB.blowingC.takingD.sharing 22.A.rideB.driveC.cashD.luck23.A.InadditionB.OrratherC.ofcourseD.Afterall24.A.conserveB.insistC.recommendD.instruct25.A.departureB.terminalC.instituteD.destination26.A.lateB.loyalC.cuteD.punctual27.A.habitB.periodC.actionD.shift28.A.forB.overC.offD.by29.A.driveoutB.comeacrossC.switchupD.pullover30.A.feedbackB.conversationC.understandingD.inquiry31.A.SurprisinglyB.ConstantlyC.ActuallyD.Basically32.A.improvedB.startedC.createdD.constructed33.A.proveB.endC.putD.pass34.A.bendsB.fallsC.rollsD.pours35.A.conscienceB.mercyC.faithD.integrity【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.B25.D26.A27.A28.C29.D30.B31.A32.B33.D34.C35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。我在恶劣的天气里开车时，会让在寒风冷雨中等车的人们搭便车。我坚持这个习惯40年，最喜欢的部分是与他们之间的谈话。随着岁月流逝，也许站在公交车站的人会是我，当有人摇下车窗时，我会继续相信陌生人的善良。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她头上戴着头巾，一把黑色的雨伞被风吹得乱转，我能感觉到她很冷。A.holding举办；B.blowing吹，刮；C.taking带着；D.sharing分享。根据下文“Icantellsheisfreezing.”可知，天很冷，风很大，雨伞被风吹得乱转。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我决定停下来让她搭我的车。A.ride搭乘；B.drive驱车出行；C.cash现金；D.luck运气。根据前文“Ican’tmissthelittleoldladystandingatabusstop”可知，我不能错过站在公共汽车站的那个小老太太。所以我停下让她搭我的车。故选A。【23题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：当然，她拒绝了，但当我再次要求并坚持时，她终于上了车。A.Inaddition除此之外；B.Orrather更确切地说；C.ofcourse当然；D.Afterall毕竟。根据常识可知，小老太太应是不好意思麻烦别人，自然而然会拒绝。故选C。 【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，她拒绝了，但当我再次要求并坚持时，她终于上了车。A.conserve保存；B.insist坚持；C.recommend推荐；D.instruct教授。根据本句“shedeclines,butwhenIaskagain”可知，在我的坚持下，她才上了车。故选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把她送到目的地，当她从我的车里出来时，她微笑着感谢我。A.departure离开；B.terminal终点站；C.institute协会；D.destination目的地。根据本句“shegetsoutofmycar”可知，下车了，是因为到目的地了。故选D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天我上班迟到了，但我很高兴我停下来了。A.late迟到的；B.loyal忠诚的；C.cute可爱的；D.punctual守时的。根据前文“I’mdrivingby,lateformyearlymorningshift(轮班).”可知，我本来就要迟到了。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是40年前的事了，也是一个新习惯的开始——一个当我在恶劣的天气里开车时会继续的习惯。A.habit习惯；B.period时期；C.action行为；D.shift转变。根据本句“Thatwas40yearsago”和“onethatcontinueswhenI’moutdrivinginbadweather”可知，这是40年前的事，且一直在继续，故应为习惯。故选A。【28题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：如果有人在公共汽车站等车，尤其是一位老人在公交下班时间和天气不好的时候等车，我会把车停在路边，问他们是否需要搭车。A.for为了；B.over关于；C.off下班，休息；D.by凭借。根据根据“especially”表示递进关系可知，应是下班时间。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果有人在公共汽车站等车，尤其是一位老人在下班时间和天气不好的时候等车，我会把车停在路边，问他们是否需要搭车。A.driveout驱赶；B.comeacross偶遇；C.switchup转换；D.pullover靠边停车。根据本句“askiftheyneedaride”可知，我靠边停车，开始询问。故选D。30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的旅程最精彩的部分就是谈话。A.feedback反馈；B.conversation交谈；C.understanding理解；D.inquiry询问。根据下文“everyonewantstochat”可知，他们交谈聊天。故选B。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，每个人都想聊天。A.Surprisingly令人惊讶的是；B.Constantly持续不断地；C.Actually实际上；D.Basically基本上。根据前文“Ido tendtoaskalotofquestions:whereareyoufrom,whereareyougoing,family,background,petsandwhateverelsecomestomind.”以及常识可知，我问的是关于个人隐私的事情，但是很令人惊讶，每个人都想聊天。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我经常想，当他们跳出来的时候，故事才刚刚开始。A.improved改善；B.started开始；C.created创造；D.constructed建造。根据前文“Weareusuallylaughingbythetimetherideisover.”可知，我和他们聊天正开心时，却到了目的地。所以故事刚刚开始，他们却走了。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着岁月流逝，也许站在公交车站的人会是我。A.prove证明；B.end结束；C.put放置；D.pass(时间)流逝。根据主语“theyears”可知，应为时间流逝。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许会有人摇下车窗，让我坐一会儿。A.bends弯曲；B.falls掉落；C.rolls滚动；D.pours倾倒。根据本句“downawindowandoffersmeaseatforalittleride”可知，让我搭便车之前，要摇下车窗询问。rolldown为固定搭配，“摇下”。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我会继续相信陌生人的善良。A.conscience良知；B.mercy仁慈；C.faith信任；D.integrity正直。根据前文“Thatwas40yearsago,andthebeginningofanew　　　　,onethatcontinueswhenI’moutdrivinginbadweather.”可知，我一直让陌生人搭乘，相信陌生人，现在会继续相信陌生人的善良。故选C。第二节(共10个题;每小1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。China’sNo.1CentralDocument,whichisthefirstpolicystatementreleasedbythecountry’scentralauthoritieseachyear,____36____(put)anemphasisonagriculturalandruraldevelopmentfor2023.Thisisalsothe20thNo.1CentralDocumentofthiscenturytofocusonagriculturalandrural____37____(affair).Dedicating____38____(he)toagriculturaldevelopment,basedonhisscientificresearch,ZhouLei,40,aspires(渴望)tomakesurethatChinesepeoplenotonlygetenoughtoeat,butalsoeatwell,____39____(reflect)oneofthemostimportanttasksintheNo1CentralDocument—strengtheningagriculture____40____scienceandtechnology.Zhouisworkingwithagroupofhighlyeducatedandskilledyoungpeople,mostof____41____holddoctoratedegrees.AccordingtoZhou,itusuallytakespeoplemorethan10yearsof____42____(academy)trainingtobecomequalifiedfortheresearchjob.Zhouhasbeen/offered opportunitiestogoabroadandexchangeexperiences____43____peersoverseas.UponreturningtoChina,Zhoudeterminedtoapply____44____hehadlearnedtosolvingtheproblemsfacedbythenation’sagriculturalindustry.Heandhisteamnowworkmorethan300daysayear.They____45____(address)thehardestprobleminrice-breedingtechnology—thecloningofcold-tolerantgenesinrice—forthefirsttimeever.Suchbreakthroughseffectivelytackletherisksofgrainreduction.【答案】36.puts37.affairs38.himself39.reflecting40.through##via41.whom42.academic43.with44.what45.haveaddressed【解析】【导语】本文是新闻报道。为响应农业农村事务的中央一号文件，促进农业和农村发展，40岁的周磊致力于农业发展，科技强农。【36题详解】考查动词。句意：中国的一号中央文件是中国中央政府每年发布的第一份政策声明，强调2023年的农业和农村发展。分析句子成分可知，空处应为主句的谓语动词。且照应从句的时态，也应为一般现在时。故填puts。【37题详解】考查名词。句意：这也是本世纪第20个聚焦农业农村事务的中央一号文件。空前为并列形容词“agricultural”和“rural”，故空处应为名词affair，词义为“公共事务”时常用复数。故填affairs。【38题详解】考查代词。句意：40岁的周磊致力于农业发展，以科研为基础，立志让中国人民不仅吃得饱，而且吃得好，这反映了中央一号文件的最重要任务之一——科技强农。固定搭配dedicateoneselfto...，“致力于……”。故填himself。【39题详解】考查动词。句意：40岁的周磊致力于农业发展，以科研为基础，立志让中国人民不仅吃得饱，而且吃得好，这反映了中央一号文件的最重要任务之一——科技强农。分析句子成分可知，空处应为非谓语动词，且与前文“basedonhisscientificresearch,ZhouLei,40,aspires(渴望)tomakesurethatChinesepeoplenotonlygetenoughtoeat,butalsoeatwell”为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填reflecting。 【40题详解】考查介词。句意：40岁的周磊致力于农业发展，以科研为基础，立志让中国人民不仅吃得饱，而且吃得好，这反映了中央一号文件的最重要任务之一——科技强农。分析句子成分可知，空处应为词义为“凭借，靠着”的介词。故填through/via。【41题详解】考查连词。句意：与周一起工作的是一群受过高等教育、有技能的年轻人，其中大多数人拥有博士学位。分析句子成分可知，空处应为引导非限制性定语从句的连接词。指代线性词“people”在定从中充当介词“of”的宾语。故填whom。【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：据周教授介绍，人们通常需要经过10年以上的学术培训才能胜任研究工作。空处应为形容词修饰名词“training”。故填academic。【43题详解】考查介词。句意：周获得了出国与海外同行交流经验的机会。分析句子成分可知，空处应为词义为“和……一起”的介词。故填with。【44题详解】考查连词。句意：一回到中国，周决心将他所学到知识应用于解决国家农业面临的问题。分析句子成分可知，空处应为引导宾语从句的关系词，且在宾语从句中充当“hadlearned”的宾语，故应为关系代词what。故填what。【45题详解】考查动词。句意：他们有史以来第一次解决了水稻育种技术中最困难的问题——克隆水稻的耐寒基因。分析句子成分可知，空处应为谓语动词，且照应句意“有史以来第一次”，故应为现在完成时，且主语为“They”，故应为havedone。故填haveaddressed。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一书(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，正作为交换生在美国加州的一所学校学习，学生会主席Kevin邀请你在校文化节上展示中国优秀传统文化，形式、内容自选，请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：1.感谢邀请;2.介绍将展示的具体内容;3.表达期待.注意：1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文流畅。DearKevin,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearKevin,I’mmorethandelightedtoreceiveyouremail,inwhichyouinvitedmetotheschoolculturalfestival.Itwillbeagreatpleasureformetojoinsuchawonderfulevent.IwouldlovetoshowhowtomakeaChineselantern,whichrepresentsreunioninChina,andcanbehunginthehouseasadecoration.Moreover,Iwillprepareallthematerialsinadvance,includingthepaperofdifferentcolorsandthebamboo.Whoeverisinterestedinthecraftcanjoinmeinmakingonebythemselves,andtakeithome.It’smysincerehopethattheculturalfestivalwillbeagreatsuccess.I’mlookingforwardtojoiningyouandenjoyingfantasticperformancestogether.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。Kevin邀请你在校文化节上展示中国优秀传统文化，在美国加州作为交换生的你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：感谢邀请；介绍将展示的具体内容；表达期待。【详解】1.词语积累高兴的：delighted→pleased参加：join→beinvolvedin想要做：wouldlovetodo→feellikedoing提前：inadvance→headofschedule2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Moreover,Iwillprepareallthematerialsinadvance,includingthepaperofdifferentcolorsandthebamboo.拓展句：Moreover,Iwillprepareallthematerialsinadvance,whichincludethepaperofdifferentcolorsandthebamboo.【点睛】【高分句型1】IwouldlovetoshowhowtomakeaChineselantern,whichrepresentsreunioninChina,andcanbehunginthehouseasadecoration.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Whoeverisinterestedinthecraftcanjoinmeinmakingonebythemselves,andtakeithome.(运用了whoever引导的主语从句)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面短文，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Iputonelastboxintothebackseatandclosedthecardoor.ItfeltasifIwereclosingthedooronmywholelife.Atfirst,IwasexcitedwhenMomtoldmeshe’dgottenafantasticnewjobatananimalhospital.Then,becauseshealwayssavesthebadnewsforlast,shetoldmethereallyterriblepart.Thehospitalwasn’tinourcity;itwasmilesawayinthemiddleofnowhere.AndI’mdefinitelynotacountrygirl.Istoodbesidethecar,takingalastlookatourbuilding.Tomostpeople,itprobablyjustlookedlikeanyotheroldapartmenthouse,butIlovedeverybrick.Justthen,Isawmybestfriends,HanaandLeo,cometoseemeoff.WhileHanaplayedacoolriff(重复乐段)onhertrumpet(小号),Leosang,“Wewillmissyou,Celia.”Ihuggedthemtightlyandjumpedintothecarfastsonoonecouldseemetearup.AsMomdroveaway,Iwavedgoodbyetomyfriends,myneighborhood,andmylife.Werodeawhileinsilence,andIheldmyviolincaseforcomfort.Leo,Hana,andIhadbeenwritingsongsforourband,butthatwasallovernow.“Don’tthinkofthisasanending,”Momsaid,withherknack(技能)forreadingmymind.“It’sanexcitingbeginning.It’snormaltobeabitanxiousaboutunfamiliarthings,butyoudon’tneedtobeafraidofthem.”Ikeptsilentandlookedoutthewindowascrowded,excitingcitystreetsturnedfirstintotastelesssuburbanshoppingstrips(商业街)andthenintoendless,boringtreesandfieldsofcorn.Wefinallyarrivedatournewhome,atwo-flooredwoodenfarmhouse.MomsaidIcouldgoexplore.Momneverletmegooutaloneinthecity,somaybeabitmorefreedomwouldbeoneconsolation(慰藉)oflivinghere.注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。Feelingthatcountrylifemightturnoutokay,Iwonderedoff,takingmyviolinwithme.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Icouldn’tresist,soItookoutmyviolinandbegantoplayalong._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Feelingthatcountrylifemightturnoutokay.Iwanderedoff,takingmyviolinwithme.SuddenlylheardsomethingIwasn’texpecting-abeautiful,jazzytune.Ipushedthroughsomecornonlytocomeface-to-facewithacow.Thenanotherhotjazzrifffloatedthroughtheair.Iturnedaroundandsawatallkidplayinganoldsaxophoneinafieldofcorn.Hismusicwasfantastic,andhedidn’tdressthewayIfiguredacountrykidwould.Thisguywaswearingclothesthatmadehimlookcool,likeafamousperformer.Icouldn’tresist,soItookoutmyviolinandbegantoplayalong.Theboylookedsurprised,buthedidn’tmissabeat.Weplayedtogether,andbytheend,acowwastappinghertailtotherhythm.Whenwefinished,weintroducedourselvestoeachotherandbecamefriends.Wealsodecidedtowritesongstogether.Ilookedatmynewfriend,thecheerfulcowandtallcorn.Icouldfeelmythoughtsaboutcountrylifealreadychanging,andIhadafeelingitwouldchangealotmore.【解析】【导语】本文以妈妈带我去乡下为线索展开。讲述了妈妈在偏远的郊外找到了一份工作，喜欢音乐的我不得不和我的好朋友分别，和妈妈一起去乡下。【详解】1.段落续写①由第一段首句内容“我觉得乡村生活可能还不错，就带着我的小提琴走了出去。”可知，本段可以写走了出去之后，我先是听到了优美的乐曲，寻声而去，发现了演奏者以及他的牛。②由第二段首句内容“我无法抗拒，于是我拿出我的小提琴，开始拉起来。”可知，本段可以写我和男孩一起演奏，我们成为朋友，一起创作，我也转变了对农村生活的态度。2.续写线索：着我的小提琴走了出去——听到了优美的乐曲——发现了演奏者以及他的牛——我加入演奏——我们成为朋友——我转变了对农村生活的态度3.词类激活行为类①认为：figure/think/consider②结束：finish/complete③决定：decide/makeadecision情绪类①极好的：fantastic/fabulous/remarkable②惊讶的：surprised/amazed/astonished③令人开心的：cheerful/pleasant/enjoyable【点睛】【高分句型1】Thisguywaswearingclothesthatmadehimlookcool,likeafamous performer.(运用了that引导的定语从句)【高分句型1】Whenwefinished,weintroducedourselvestoeachotherandbecamefriends.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句)听力答案:1-5BCACA6-10BCACB11-15CCBAC16-20BABAB