上海中学2022-2023学年高一英语上学期期末练习试题（Word版附解析）

上海中学2022学年第一学期高一年级期末练习英语学科I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Nottoplaycomputergames.B.Finishtheschoolprojectontime.C.Remembertoturnonthecomputer.D.Waitforthewomantoarrive.2.A.Readanarticlefortheproject.B.Readallthearticlesrelated.C.Workonthescienceprojectalone.D.Focusononeparticularsciencetheory.3.A.Theweather.B.Thetiringtrip.C.Thescenery.D.Theseriouspollution.4.A.Atanairport.B.Onaplane.C.Inarestaurant.D.Atanexhibition.5.A.1:00.B.3:00.C.4:00.D.5:00.6.A.ThewomanmadeajokeofTom.B.Tomwaspooratmaths.C.Themancouldn’tbelievethenews.D.Tomcaughtastudentcheating.7.A.Giveupeatingsalt.B.Controlhisbloodpressure.C.Diesoonifheeatssalt.D.Saygoodbyetothewoman.8.A.Thewomanfeelssorryforbeingtoolate.B.Themanwon’tmakeittotheshowtomorrow.C.Thetwopeoplearegoingtotheshowtonight.D.Theshowisonstagemorethanonce.9.A.Hewantstoborrowaguidebook.B.Hewantsthewomantobuythebook.C.Hewantstofindacheaperguidebook.D.Hewantsthewomantolendhimone.10.A.Shewillbebusyintheafternoon.B.Shedoesn’tenjoyworkingwiththeman.C.Shewantstoworkonthereportonceagain.D.Shedoesn’tfinditnecessarytorevisethereport.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillhearonelongerconversationandtwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsontheconversationandeachofthepassages.Theconversationandthepassageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswerto thequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through14arebasedonthefollowingconversation.11.A.Toomanyplanestakingoffandlandingatthesametime.B.Toomanypassengerswaitingtoboardtheaircraft.C.Toomanybagsandcasesthatneedloadingintoeachplane.D.Toomanycomplaintsaboutplaneticketsbeingoversold.12.A.Askformorecashtomakeupforthelosttime.B.Choosethefree-tripticketovercash.C.Consulttheirfamilybeforetheydecide.D.Guaranteetheirseatsonthenextflight.13.A.Over-booking.B.Specialfaresystems.C.Businessflight.D.Holidaydiscounts.14.A.Gotothoselessbusyairports.B.Takeenoughfoodanddrinkonboard.C.Makeclearwhyyourflightisdelayed.D.Volunteerforthenextflightforabetterseat.Questions15through17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.15.A.Itisarareconditionforhumanbeings.B.Itistheresultofthebody’slackofheat.C.Itisnotafatalconditionevenifnotfoundearly.D.Itisnotobviousasthepatientshowsfewsigns.16.A.Wearingahatandascarfandapairofglovesisimportant.B.Twolayersoflightclothesarebetterthanonlayerofheavyclothing.C.It’sessentialtohavealltheclothesstayasdryaspossible.D.Sweatingafterhardworkingisdangerousinthecolderseasons.17.A.Itcanbringwarmthforjustashortperiodoftime.B.Itlowersthebody’stemperaturefasterthanexpected.C.Itmakeshumanbodylessabletoholdheat.D.Itincreasestheriskoffallingorhurtingoneself.Questions18through20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.18.A.Todemonstratehowmuchtheymissedtheirhomecountry.B.Toshowthattheywereproudoftheirnationalculture.C.ToindicatetheirloyaltytotheRomanCatholicreligion.D.ToprotestagainsttheirlowsocialstatusinAmerica.19.A.Festivefoodanddrink.B.Thewearingofthegreen.C.Irishparadesandmusic.D.Apoliticalstatement.20.A.Itreflectsthegreen-coveredfieldsinIreland.B.ItwasaddedintothecolorsoftheIrishflaginthe17thcentury. C.It’stheoriginalcolorassociatedwithSt.Patrick’sDay.D.It’sreplacedbyblueincelebrationfromthe17thcentury.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionA:MultiplechoicesDirections:Beneatheachofthefollowingsentences,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.Self-driving is an area ________China and the rest of the world are on the same startingline.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：自动驾驶是一个中国和世界其它国家都在同一起跑线的领域。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词为area，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where，相当于inwhich。故选B。2.There’sbeenmuchfinger-pointinganddebateoverwho________fortheextremeweatherconditions.A.blamesB.hastoblameC.istobeblamedD.istoblame【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：对于谁应该为极端天气状况负责，人们有很多的指责和争论。根据句意可知，此处表示“某人应受责备”，应用固定搭配betoblame，表主动表示被动，故选D。3.Ourancestorshadnoirontoolsandwheeledvehiclesyettheymanagedtomovestonesthat________morethanahundredtonstothesite.A.weighedB.wereweighedC.wereweighingD.weigh【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：我们的祖先没有铁制工具和轮式车辆，但他们设法将重达100多吨的石头运到了现场。分析句子可知，句子为“that”引导的限制性定语从句，“that”代指先行词“stones”，在从句中作主语，根据句意和句中“managed”可知，句中陈述的是过去发 生的事，应用一般过去时，“weigh”意为“有……重”，“stones”和“weigh”为主动关系，“weigh”的过去式为“weighed”，故空格处应填“weighed”。故选A项。全科免费下载公众号-《高中僧课堂》4.Theritualsofcoming-of-ageceremoniesarediverse.Butonething________allcoming-of-ageceremonieshaveincommonis________theyprepareayoungpersontotakeonresponsibilitiesasanadult.A.what;thatB.that;thatC.what;whetherD.that;what【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句的关系代词、表语从句的连接词。句意：成人礼的仪式是多种多样的。但所有的成人礼都有的一个共同点是它们让年轻人做好成年后承担责任的准备。第一空考查限制性定语从句，先行词为onething，在从句中作have的宾语，根据4个选择项，应用关系代词that引导从句；第二空在系动词之后，后接陈述句，为表语从句，应用连接词that，在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。故选B项。5.HoldenCaulfieldexperiencesverylittlegrowthinthenovelTheCatcherintheRye,maintaininghisdisrespectforrules,________Ithinkiswhyyoungerreaderssostronglytaketothebook.A.whatB.whereC.thatD.which【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：霍尔顿·考尔菲德在小说《麦田里的守望者》中经历了很少的成长，保持着对规则的不尊重，我认为这就是为什么年轻读者如此强烈地喜欢这本书的原因。分析句子可知，空格后为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“霍尔顿·考尔菲德在小说《麦田里的守望者》中经历了很少的成长，保持着对规则的不尊重”这件事，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词which引导该定语从句。故选D项。6.InKorea,thethirdMondayofMayisthedaytocelebrate________turn19yearsold,knownas‘Coming-of-Age’day.A.hewhoB.whoeverC.thosewhoD.who【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：在韩国，5月的第三个星期一是庆祝人们19岁生日的日子， 被称为“成年日”。分析句式结构可知，此处是宾语从句，且从句中缺少主语，在分析句意，此处用whoever表示“无论谁、任何人”符合语境，C项虽语法正确，即理解为who引导的定语从句，修饰those，但是句意是“庆祝那些成为19岁的孩子”，搭配不正确，celebrate后面宾语一般接事情，而不是人。故选B项。7.Theopenuniversityaimstoprovideuniversityeducationforanyone,________backgroundorpreviouseducationqualificationsheorshehas.A.whatB.whetherC.whateverD.however【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查状语从句。句意：开放大学旨在给任何人提供大学教育，无论他或她之前有什么教育背景和资质。A.what什么；B.whether是否；C.whatever无论什么；D.however无论如何。分析题干结构，前文句子结构完整，故空处为状语从句，排除A项，what不引导状语从句；结合选项含义，C项带入表示“无论他或她之前有什么教育背景和资质”逻辑通顺。故选C项。8.________glittersisnotgold;notallthose________wanderarelost.A.What;whoB.All;thatC.What;thatD.Allthat;who【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句先行词和关系词。句意：不是所有的金子都会发光；浪迹天涯，未必迷失本性。“_____isnotgold”是主句，主句缺少主语，且句子是陈述句，结合选项可知，主语是all符合，“_____glitters”是定语从句，其中glitters“发光”是从句谓语动词，从句缺少主语，先行词是all，只能用that来引导定语从句。所以第一空是Allthat。“notallthose________wanderarelost”中those是先行词，指人，“________wander”是定语从句，从句缺少主语，应用who来引导，故用who。故选D项。9.—What’syourplanfortheholidays?—Well,whileyouareenjoyingyourselfonthebeach,I________onmycouch,watchingYoungSheldon.A.amsittingB.willbesittingC.willhavesatD.wouldsit【答案】B 【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——你假期有什么计划?——你在沙滩上玩的时候，我会坐在沙发上看《小谢尔顿》。A.amsitting现在进行时；B.willbesitting将来进行时；C.willhavesat将来完成时；D.wouldsit过去将来时。将来进行时表示在将来某一时间正在进行的动作，由语意可知，对于即将到来的假期，当你正在沙滩上玩的时候，我会坐在沙发上看《小谢尔顿》。故选B项。10.________inordertositforthecollegeentranceexam?A.WhatshesuggestedhereadB.WhatdidshesuggesthereadC.DidshesuggestforhimtoreadD.Didshesuggestwhatheshouldread【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语去和插入语。句意：为了参加大学入学考试，她建议他读什么书?本句的插入语为“didshesuggest”后接句子用虚拟语气“he(should)read”,特殊疑问词“what”置于句首。故选A项。11.Commonsensedemands_______bothsidesoftheproblem.A.heexamineB.himtoexamineC.himexaminingD.heexamines【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：常识要求他审视问题的两面。demand意为“要求”，表示“要求、建议和命令”等相关的从句谓语用虚拟语气，即主格+should+动词原形，should可省略。故选A项。12.Ireadaboutthetwostoriesinsomebookorother.Doesitmatter________itwas?A.whereB.whatC.howD.which【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我在某本书上读到过这两个故事，哪一本书重要吗？分析句子可知，it为形式主语，真正的主语为主语从句，即空处和之后的内容，空处为主语从句的表语，结合前文中“insomebookorother”，可知此处应指“哪一本书”，故选D。13.Thebookhashelpedmegreatlyinmydailycommunication,especiallyatwork________a goodimpressionisamust.A.whichB.whenC.asD.where【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句用法。句意：这本书对我的日常交际有极大的帮助，尤其在工作中，良好的印象是必须的。句中的先行词为work，在从句agoodimpressionismust中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。故D正确。14.Theincrediblescientificdiscoverieswhichweremadeduringthe19thand20thcenturies________theboom(激增)ofscienceinpopculture.A.madeitpossibleB.madepossibleC.madepossiblyD.madeitpossibly【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：19世纪和20世纪取得的令人难以置信的科学发现使流行文化中科学的繁荣成为可能。分析句子结构可知，此处为“make+宾语+宾补”结构，该结构中，形容词作宾补，但是当宾语过长时，形容词作宾补可以在宾语之前，即为“make+宾补（形容词）+宾语（名词短语）”且句意合理。故选B项。15.—Isthereanypossibility______youcouldpickmeupattheairport?—Noproblem.A.whenB.thatC.whetherD.what【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：--你有可能来飞机场接我们吗?--没问题。when什么时间；that在宾语从句中没有意义；whether是否；what什么。分析句子可知，空格处引导同位语从句， 解释说明possibility，从句句意完整，成分齐全，故用连接词that，故选B。16.Thecity________high-risepublichousingtowersandreplacedthemwithgarden-styleapartments.A.toreawayB.toreapartC.toredownD.toreat【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这座城市拆除了高层公屋大厦，代之以花园式公寓。A.toreaway忍痛离去，硬行拉走；B.toreapart扯开，使心碎；C.toredown拆毁，拆除（建筑物、墙）；D.toreat撕，扯破。根据句意可知，高层公屋大厦被花园式公寓替代，应先拆除公屋大厦。故选C项。17.Heisstrategicabouthis________whenhegivesspeeches,varyingthepace,softeningonoccasion,allowingsilenceforacontrast.A.transitionB.deliveryC.relevanceD.facility【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他发表演讲时，他对自己的表达方式很有策略，改变节奏，偶尔柔和一些，允许沉默以形成对比。A.transition过渡，转变；B.delivery（在公共场合的）讲话方式，演说风格，递送；C.relevance相关性，关联性，重要性，意义；D.facility设施，设备，才能。根据句中的“whenhegivesspeeches,varyingthepace,softeningonoccasion,allowingsilenceforacontrast”可知他演讲时，表达方式很有策略，delivery“（在公共场合的）讲话方式，演说风格”符合句意。故选B。18.Asanadult,Wilsonreturnedtohishometo_______hisfondlyrememberedchildhood.A.reminisceaboutB.enrollinC.centeraroundD.takeon【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：成年后，威尔逊回到家中，回忆起他那令人怀念的童年。A.reminisceabout回忆；B.enrollin参加报名；C.centeraround以……为中心；D.takeon承担，呈现。根据“hisfondlyrememberedchildhood.”可知，成年后，威尔逊回到家中回忆他那令人怀念的童年。故选A项。19.InasmallstudypublishedtodayinthejournalNature,aUSteamshowedthattheapproachwas ________andsafe,butwassuccessfulonlyinahandfulofpatients.A.feasibleB.casualC.engagingD.carefree【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在今天发表在《自然》杂志上的一项小型研究中，一个美国团队表明，这种方法是可行和安全的，但只在少数患者中成功。A.feasible可行的；B.casual漫不经心的；C.engaging迷人的；D.carefree无忧无虑的。结合空前approach和空后safe可知，此处指这个方法是可行且安全的，故选A。20.Hawking’sresearch,ifitisprovedbyfurtherexperiments,could________someofthebiggestmysteriesintheuniverse.A.findfaultwithB.setfootonC.makeroomforD.castlighton【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：霍金的研究，如果有进一步的研究去证实的话，能够让人们更容易地理解宇宙中一些最为神秘的东西。A.findfaultwith挑剔；B.setfooton进入；踏上；C.makeroomfor给……让出空地方；D.castlighton使（问题等）较容易理解。由语意可知，宇宙中一些最为神秘的东西是人类难以理解的，但是霍金的研究能让人更容易地理解，故选D项。SectionB:GrammarDirections:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.‘Coco’forcedPixartodivedeepintoareal-worldculture—andaddsomediversityPixarStudios,forallitsfameforcreatinghighlydetailedworlds,hasrarelyhadtoworrytoomuchaboutculturalauthenticity(文化真实性).Evenafterallitsfamousresearchformovies___21___BraveandRatatouille,thefilmmakershavebeenfreetousetheirimaginations,withoutrealfearofoffendingtoymakersandautomakers.TheBayAreastudioknew,however,thatcentering“Coco,”whichopenedWednesday,Nov.22,onMexico’sDayoftheDeadholidaywouldenteranentirelydifferentarea,___22___itwouldincludenotonlydescriptionsoftraditions,butalsoa significantincreaseincastingdiversity.“Weknewfromtheearlystagesthatincreatingthisfilm,”co-directorAdrianMolinasaid,“accompanyingitwasthishugeresponsibilitytorepresentitfaithfully.”TheDayoftheDead___23___(celebrate)widelyinMexicoeachautumninmemoryofdepartedlovedonesandinsupportoftheirjourneyintheafterlife.“Coco”centersaroundseveralgenerationsofrelatives,bothlivinganddead,___24___havelessonstolearnandlong-buriedfamilysecretstouncover.“Somefilmmakersmightsimplygraft(加入)customsandritualsontoanexistingstory.Thatisnotatall___25___Pixarworks,”saidMolina,whoisofMexicandescent(出身).“Wedecidedprettymuchwhenthefilmwasapproved—maybeevenbefore—___26___wewantedtogettheresearchdoneearly.”MolinagrewupinCalif,seeingsomeaspectsoftheholiday,butnotothers.“Wewantedtoexperiencetheholiday:visitthepeople,visitthefamilies,askquestions,takephotos,”MolinasaidofthePixarteam’sresearchfieldtripstoMexico.“Wewantedtoreallyimmerse(沉浸在)ourselvesin___27___thecelebrationoftheDayoftheDeadwas.Thenwewouldbereadytostartdiscussingstory.”Thatanimatedstorycentersaroundaboy,Miguel,wholongstosingandplaytheguitarinpublic,despitehisgrandmother’sbanonmakingmusic.Coco,Miguel’sgreatgrandmother,isthelastlivinglinktothatlong-agomisunderstandinginvolvingherfather,___28___travelingmusician.“There’sacertainlanguagetofamily,andthere’sacertainlanguageacrossgenerations—___29___it’saliterallanguage,orjusttheactsofloveanddutyandresponsibilitythatcomewithbeingafamily,”Molinasaid.“Thoseseemedliketheinterestingthingsfrommyexperiencethatcouldcompletelyapplytothiskid(Miguel)whofeelsoutofplaceinhisfamily.”MolinaalsoapplaudsPixar’screativemoveintospecificcultures.“Ifyou’renotwillingtomakeaconnectionwiththestoriesofotherpeopleandletthembetheir____30____(talented)selvesasartists,asperformers,asfilmmakers,”hesaid.“you’remissingoutonwhattheaudiencewants.”“Everyonewantstoholdthememoriesoftheonesthathavepassedonwithjoy,”Molinasaidof“Coco,”“andsharethosememories,andkeepthemalive.”【答案】21.like22.where23.iscelebrated 24.who25.how26.because27.what28.a29.either30.talented【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了《寻梦环游记》使皮克斯深入到现实世界的文化中，该电影不仅包括对传统的描述，还显著增加了演员的多样。【21题详解】考查介词。句意：即使在对《勇敢传说》和《料理鼠王》这样的电影进行了所有著名的研究之后，电影制作人仍然可以自由地发挥他们的想象力，而不必真正担心冒犯玩具制造商和汽车制造商。空后是电影名，为名词，此处表示“像，正如”，应用介词like，故填like。【22题详解】考查定语从句。句意：然而，旧金山湾区的工作室知道，在11月22日星期三墨西哥的亡灵节开幕的以《寻梦环游记》为中心的电影将进入一个完全不同的领域，它将不仅包括对传统的描述，还将显著增加演员的多样性。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为area，且从句中缺少地点状语，应用where来引导，故填where。【23题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：墨西哥每年秋天都广泛庆祝亡灵节，以纪念逝去的亲人，并支持他们来世的旅程。空处在句中作谓语，句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语TheDayoftheDead和动词celebrate是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动，且主语是一个节日，为单数，故填iscelebrated。【24题详解】考查定语从句。句意：《寻梦环游记》的故事围绕着几代亲戚展开，包括在世的和去世的，他们有学习的课程和长期埋藏的家族秘密要揭开。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为relatives，指人，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词who来引导，故填who。【25题详解】考查表语从句。句意：“这根本不是皮克斯的工作方式，”墨西哥裔的莫利纳说。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少方式状语，应用how来引导，故填how。【26题详解】考查连词。句意：“我们基本上是在电影获得批准时做出决定的，甚至可能是在批准之前， 因为我们希望尽早完成研究。”根据句意可知，空后句子是空前句子的原因，应用because引导原因状语从句，故填because。【27题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们想要真正沉浸在亡灵节的庆祝活动中。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少表语，表示“……的事情”，应用what来引导，故填what。【28题详解】考查冠词。句意：可可，米格尔的曾祖母，是与那个很久以前的那个误会有关的最后一个活着的人，她的父亲是一个旅行音乐家。此处表示“一个旅行音乐家”，应用不定冠词来修饰musician，且travelling发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a，故填a。【29题详解】考查连词。句意：莫利纳说，“家庭之间有一种特定的语言，几代人之间也有一种特定的语言——要么是一种字面上的语言，要么只是作为一个家庭而带来的爱、责任和责任的行为。”either...or固定搭配，意为“或者……或者……”，故填either。【30题详解】考查形容词。句意：他说：“如果你不愿意与其他人的故事建立联系，让他们作为艺术家、演员和电影制作人发挥自己的才能。那么你错过了观众想要的东西。”名词selves(自我)应用形容词talented来修饰，作定语，表示“有才能的”，故填talented。SectionC:VocabularyDirection:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.maintainingB.effectivelyC.developedD.wondersE.positionedF.overcomeG.flexibilityH.establishedI.exploringJ.remotelyK.respectivelyWorkcations:Thetraveltrendmixingworkandplay“Afterworkingfromhomeforoverayear,Ineededachangeinatmosphere,”saysVedikaBhaia,aKolkata-basedmarketingentrepreneurandcontentcreator.Lastsummer,sheandafriendwentona15-daytripthroughIndia’sParvatiValley,____31____thenaturalenvironmentwhilebalancingafullworkloadonalaptop.Thoughshewasusedtoworking____32____,Bhaiasaysthe‘work-from-anywhere’mentality(思维模式)createdbythepandemicpushedhertotakeatripthatcombinedworkandleisure.“Iknew travellingwoulddo____33____formymentalhealth.Itwouldhelpme____34____thecreativeblockIwashavingaswell,”shesays.Thepopularityofworkcationsmayseemtoconflictwiththefirmly____35____ideathatweshouldkeepworkandplayapart–afterall,betterawarenessofwork-relatedmentalhealthstressorshasleftusmoreconsciousthaneveroftheimportanceof____36____boundariesbetweenourprofessionalandpersonallives.Yetexpertsarguethattheadaptabilitywe’vedevelopedduringthepandemichas____37____uswelltoenjoyabreakthatcombinesworkandplay.Andgiventhebenefitsworkersseeinthem–likemorechancestoexplorenewplaceswhilefulfillingourday-to-dayresponsibilities–workcationsarelikelytobecomeapracticelastingwellbeyondthepandemic.Ofcourse,theremaywellbesomepeoplewhoprefertocommitfullytoeitherworkorplay,ratherthancombinethetwoactivities.RachelFu,professoroftourism,saysthatwhetherpeopleenjoytheworkcationexperiencewilldependon“avarietyofindividualpersonalitiesandbehaviouralchoices”;somemayfeeltheyareonlyonholidayiftheyaretotallyfreefromwork,forexample.ButFususpectsthatmanywhite-collarworkershave____38____theskillsneededtopulloffworkcationsduringthepandemic.“Ourbehaviourshavebeenforcedtochange,”shesays.“Homeisschool,homeiswherewework.Wehaveallbeentrainedtoswitch:‘OK,nowwehaveaZoommeeting’.Ithinkafterthepasttwoyears,wecanswitchfromonethingtothenextvery____39____.”Giventhelevelofinterestfromworkersnowaccustomedtostayingproductiveinmultipleenvironments,workcationslooklikeapracticethat’sheretostay.“Aslongasyoudeliver,manycompaniesdon’tcarewhereyou’reworkingfrom,”saysFu.Accommodatingworkerswillbeincompanies’interests;it’salreadyclearthat____40____willbekeytokeepingworkers,especiallyasthenewgenerationofworkers,inparticular,valuetheabilitytoworkfromanywhere.【答案】31.I32.J33.D34.F35.H36.A37.E38.C39.K40.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了因为疫情而出现的一种新的工作和娱乐相结合的旅行趋势——Workcations。 【31题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：去年夏天，她和一个朋友在印度的帕尔瓦蒂山谷进行了为期15天的旅行，一边探索自然环境，一边在笔记本电脑上平衡全部的工作负荷。根据“thenaturalenvironment”可知，空处表示“探索”自然环境；分析句子可知，本句有谓语wenton，空处填非谓语动词作伴随状语，逻辑主语sheandafriend与动词explore之间是主动关系，故填exploring。故选I项。【32题详解】考查副词。句意：虽然她习惯了远程工作，但Bhaia说，疫情创造的“随时随地工作”的心态促使她进行了一次工作和休闲相结合的旅行。分析句子可知，空处填副词修饰动词working；根据前文“Afterworkingfromhomeforoverayear”可知，作者居家办公，即远程工作，故填remotely。故选J项。【33题详解】考查名词。句意：我知道旅行对我的心理健康有好处。分析句子可知，空处填名词作宾语；根据“atripthatcombinedworkandleisure”可知，边旅行边工作是对身心有好处的；dowonders是固定短语，意为“创造奇迹”，符合题意，所以填名词wonders作宾语。故选D项。【34题详解】考查动词。句意：这也会帮助我克服创作障碍，她说。根据helpsb.dosth.“帮助某人做某事”可知，空处填省略to的不定式作宾补；根据后文“thecreativeblock”和“aswell”可知，旅行不仅有益于我的身心，还能“克服”创作障碍，故填overcome。故选F项。【35题详解】考查形容词。句意：工作的普及似乎与我们应该把工作和娱乐分开的根深蒂固的观念相冲突。根据空前副词firmly可知空处填形容词或者分词作名词idea的前置定语；根据后面的同位语从句“thatweshouldkeepworkandplayapart”，这是一种根深蒂固的观念，所以填形容词established“确立已久的，知名的”。故选H项。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：毕竟，对与工作有关的心理健康压力的更好认识让我们比以往任何时候都更意识到保持工作和个人生活之间界限的重要性。根据“theimportanceof”和“boundariesbetweenourprofessionalandpersonallives.”可知，此处表示“保持”工作和个人生活之间界限的重要性，故填动名词maintaining作of的宾语。故选A项。【37题详解】 考查动词。句意：然而，专家认为，我们在疫情期间发展的适应性使我们能够很好地享受工作和娱乐相结合的休息。分析句子可知，that引导的宾语从句中谓语不完整，根据has可知，填过去分词，构成现在完成时；根据后文“uswelltoenjoyabreak”可知空处表示“让”我们享受休息；position作动词，表示“使处于”，positionsbtodosth.意为“让某人做某事”，故填过去分词positioned。故选E项。【38题详解】考查动词。句意：但傅怀疑，许多白领工人已经开发了在疫情期间完成工作所需的技能。分析句子可知，that引导的宾语从句中谓语不完整，根据have可知，填过去分词，构成现在完成时；根据后文“skills”可知，许多人已经“养成”了这种技能。developskills表示“培养技能”，故填developed。故选C项。39题详解】考查副词。句意：我认为，在过去两年之后，我们可以有效地从一件事转向另一件事。分析句子可知，空处填副词修饰动词switch；根据上文“Wehaveallbeentrainedtoswitch”和“fromonethingtothenext”可知，空处表示我们非常“灵活地、有效地”从一件事专项转向另一件事，故填effectively。故选K项。【40题详解】考查名词。句意：很明显，灵活性将是留住工人的关键，特别是在新一代工人尤其重视从任何地方工作的能力的情况下。分析句子可知，that引导的主语从句中缺主语，应填名词。根据前文“Aslongasyoudeliver,manycompaniesdon’tcarewhereyou’reworkingfrom”和后文“willbekeytokeepingworkers”可知，留住工人的关键就是灵活性，故填flexibility，为不可数名词。故选G项。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionA:ClozeDirection:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Youmayalreadybefamiliarwithrecentfindingsthatsuggestchildrenasyoungassixmonthswhoreadbookswiththeirparentsseveraltimesaweekshowstrongerliteracyskillsfouryearslater,scorehigheronintelligencetests,andlandbetterjobsthannonreaders.Butrecentresearcharguesthatreadingmaybejustasimportantin____41____.Whenpracticedoveralifetime,readingandlanguageacquisition(习得)skillscansupporthealthybrainfunctioninginbigways.Simplyput: ____42____powerincreasesbrainpower.To____43____whyandwhateachofuscandotogetthemostoutofourwordsstartbyaskingthesamequestiontheYaleteamdid:Whatisitaboutreadingbooksinparticularthatincreasesourbrainpowerwhilereadingnewspapersandmagazinesdoesn’t?Forone,theresearchersassume,chapterbooksencourage“deepreading.”Unlikeskimmingapageofheadlines,readingabookforcesyourbraintothinkcriticallyandmake____44____fromonechaptertoanother,andtotheoutsideworld.Whenyoumakeassociations,sodoesyourbrain,literallybuildingnewpathwaysbetweenregionsinallfourlobes(脑叶)andbothhemispheres.Overtime,theseneuralnetworkscanpromotequickerthinkingandmayprovideagreater____45____againsttheworsteffectsofcognitivedecay(认知衰退).____46____,readingbooks,especiallyfiction,hasbeenshowntoincreaseempathy(共鸣)andemotionalintelligence.One2013studyfoundthatparticipantswhoreadjustthefirstpartorchapterofastoryshowedanoticeableincreaseinempathyoneweeklater,while____47____readersshowedadecrease.Thesefindingsmaysound____48____,butthey’renot;developingsocialtoolssuchasempathyandemotionalintelligencecanleadtomore(andmorepositive)humaninteraction,which____49____canlowerstresslevels—bothofwhichareprovedtohelpyoulivelongerandhealthier.That’snottosaythatmagazines,newspapers,andWebarticlesarewithout_____50_____.Readinganythingthatfillsyourmindandexposesyoutonewwords,phrases,andfactsseemstocarry_____51_____benefits.Newresearchindicatesthatalarge_____52_____mayleadtoamoreflexiblemindbyfuelingwhatscientistscallcognitivereserve(认知储备).Onewaytothinkaboutthisreserveisasyourbrain’sabilitytoadaptto_____53_____.Justasyourbloodcellswillhelptocoveracutonyourknee,cognitivereservehelpsyourbraincellsfindnewmentalpathwaysaroundareasdamagedbystroke,dementia,andotherformsofdecay.Thiscouldexplainwhy,afterdeath,manyseeminglyhealthyeldersturnouttoharboradvancedsignsofAlzheimer’sdiseaseintheirbrainsdespiteshowingfewsigns_____54_____.It’stheircognitivereserve,researcherssuspect,thatmayallowsomeseniorsto_____55_____hiddenbraindamage.41.A.childhoodB.adulthoodC.educationD.occupation42.A.MemoryB.FluencyC.LiteratureD.Word43.A.understandB.believeC.questionD.confess 44.A.explorationsB.connectionsC.equivalentsD.judgments45.A.appealB.struggleC.defenseD.warning46.A.ConsequentlyB.HoweverC.BesidesD.Instead47.A.newsB.regularC.mindD.occasional48.A.inevitableB.unofficialC.undeniableD.insignificant49.A.inthemeantimeB.todateC.inturnD.tothefull50.A.advantagesB.weaknessesC.threatsD.opportunities51.A.physicalB.mentalC.economicD.social52.A.proportionB.brainC.vocabularyD.range53.A.decreaseB.changeC.increaseD.damage54.A.asbeforeB.intotalC.asusualD.inlife55.A.lookdownonB.makeupforC.getusedtoD.takeoutof【答案】41.B42.D43.A44.B45.C46.C47.A48.D49.C50.A51.B52.C53.D54.D55.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要说明了阅读，尤其是小说阅读对成年人脑健康的积极作用。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但最近的研究表明，阅读在成年时期可能同样重要。A.childhood童年；B.adulthood成年期；C.education教育；D.occupation工作。根据下文“Whenpracticedoveralifetime,readingandlanguageacquisition(习得)skillscansupporthealthybrainfunctioninginbigways.”以及结合本文主旨可知本段主要介绍了关于这个问题的一些最新研究及其结果，可知小说的阅读对成年人脑健康是同等重要。故选B项。【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：词汇力量增加脑力。A.Memory记忆；B.Fluency流利程度；C.Literature文献，文学；D.Word单词。根据下文“Readinganythingthatfillsyourmindandexposesyoutonewwords,phrases,andfactsseemstocarry___11____benefits.”可知此处强调的是词汇素养的力量。故选D项。 【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：要弄明白知道为什么以及我们每个人都能做些什么来最大限度地利用我们的语言。A.understand理解；B.believe相信；C.question提问；D.confess承认。根据下文“Whatisitaboutreadingbooksinparticularthatincreasesourbrainpowerwhilereadingnewspapersandmagazinesdoesn’t?”可知耶鲁团队是为了弄明白语言以及词汇的力量才进行了这项研究。故选A项。【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：与浏览一页标题不同，阅读一本书会迫使你的大脑批判性地思考，并从一个章节到另一个章节，以及与外部世界建立联系。A.explorations探索；B.connections连接；C.equivalents等量；D.judgments判决。根据下文的“fromonechaptertoanother,andtotheoutsideworld”可知大脑进行批判性思维让文章的章节和外界建立联系。故选B项。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，这些神经网络可以促进更快的思考，并可能对认知衰退的最坏影响提供更大的防护。A.appeal上诉，吸引；B.struggle斗争；C.defense防御；D.warning警告。根据下文的“againsttheworsteffectsofcognitivedecay”可知思维敏捷有助于抵御认知衰退。故选C项。【46题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：另外，阅读书籍，尤其是小说，已被证明能增加共鸣和情商。A.Consequently因此；B.However然而；C.Besides除了；D.Instead相反。根据前文的“Forone,theresearchersassume,chapterbooksencourage‘deepreading’”以及上一段最后一句“Overtime,theseneuralnetworkscanpromotequickerthinkingandmayprovideagreater____5____againsttheworsteffectsofcognitivedecay(认知衰退)”可知本段紧接着上一段，通过阅读在情感上的作用来说明阅读的好处，因此两段之间需要用表示递进的“besides”来连接。故选C项。【47题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2013年的一项研究发现，仅阅读故事第一部分或章节的参与者在一周后表现出明显的同理心增强，而7名新闻读者则表现出下降。A.news新闻；B.regular定时的，常客；C.mind头脑；D.occasional偶尔的。根据第二段的“Whatisitaboutreadingbooksinparticularthatincreasesourbrainpowerwhilereadingnewspapersandmagazinesdoesn’t?”可知和上一段一样，本段依然还是在回答第二段第一句所提出的问题，因此本句还是关于读小说和读报纸杂志之间的区别。故选A项。 【48题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些发现可能听起来不太重要。A.inevitable不可避免的；B.unofficial非官方的；C.undeniable不可否认的；D.insignificant微不足道的。根据下文“butthey’renot;developingsocialtoolssuchasempathyandemotionalintelligencecanleadtomore(andmorepositive)humaninteraction,which_9__canlowerstresslevels—bothofwhichareprovedtohelpyoulivelongerandhealthier.”可知这些发现是非常重要的。故选D项。【49题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：发展同理心和情商等社交工具可以带来更多（和更积极的）人际互动，因而这可以降低压力水平，这两者都被证明有助于你长寿和健康。。A.inthemeantime同时；B.todate迄今为止；C.inturn依次，相应地，转而；D.tothefull完全。该定语从句是对前文的“more (andmorepositive)humaninteraction”补充说明，表示“相应地可以降低压力的程度”，故选C项。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这并不是说杂志、报纸和网络文章没有好处。A.advantages优点；B.weaknesses弱点；C.threats威胁；D.opportunities机会。根据下文“Readinganythingthatfillsyourmindandexposesyoutonewwords,phrases,andfactsseemstocarry_11_benefits.”可知本段话锋一转，杂志、报纸及网络文章也不是一无是处。故选A项。【51题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：阅读任何能让你充满思想并让你接触新单词、短语和事实的东西似乎都有精神上的好处。A.physical物理的，身体的；B.mental精神的；C.economic经济的；D.social社会的。根据下文“Newresearchindicatesthatalarge_12__mayleadtoamoreflexiblemindbyfuelingwhatscientistscallcognitivereserve(认知储备).”可知阅读都会对精神健康带来好处。故选B项。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一项新的研究表明，一个巨大的词汇量可能会激发科学家所谓的认知储备，从而导致大脑更加灵活。A.proportion比例；B.brain大脑；C.vocabulary词汇；D.range范围。根据前文“Readinganythingthatfillsyourmindandexposesyoutonewwords,phrases,andfactsseemstocarry_11_benefits”可知词汇量越大，你的大脑也越灵活。故选C项。【53题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑这种储备的一种方式是你的大脑适应损伤的能力。A.decrease减少；B.change改变；C.increase增加；D.damage损坏。根据下文“Justasyourbloodcellswillhelptocoveracutonyourknee,cognitivereservehelpsyourbraincellsfindnewmentalpathwaysaroundareasdamagedbystroke,dementia,andotherformsofdecay”可知作者把这种认知储备看做是大脑对损伤的适应。故选D项。【54题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这可以解释为什么许多看似健康的老年人在死后，尽管在生活中很少出现老年痴呆症的迹象，但他们的大脑中却隐藏着老年痴呆症晚期的迹象。A.asbefore依旧，如故；B.intotal总共；C.asusual如通常的；D.inlife在生活中。根据前文“Thiscouldexplainwhy,afterdeath,manyseeminglyhealthyeldersturnouttoharboradvancedsignsofAlzheimer’sdisease”可知作者进一步用阿尔茨海默病作为例子来证明本段的观点，一些看上去健康的人死后被发现大脑里有这种病的迹象，但是生前并没有任何表现。故选D项。【55题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：研究人员怀疑，这是他们的认知储备，可能会让一些老年人弥补了隐藏的大脑损伤。A.lookdownon看不起；B.makeupfor弥补；C.getusedto习惯；D.takeoutof取出。根据前文“Thiscouldexplainwhy,afterdeath,manyseeminglyhealthyeldersturnouttoharboradvancedsignsofAlzheimer’sdiseaseintheirbrainsdespiteshowingfewsigns_14_”可知本句是对上一句所描述的现象的解释，即正是这些人大脑里的认知储备弥补了这些隐性的脑损伤。故选B项。SectionB:ReadingcomprehensionDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)“WehaveDante,ShakespeareandDuFu(712—770).Thesepoetscreatetheveryvaluesbywhichpoetryisjudged,”saidHarvardprofessorStephenOweninDuFu,China’sGreatestPoet,aBBCdocumentary.DespitethefactthatDuFuisusuallymentionedinthesamebreathasDanteandShakespeare,hehasremainedlargelyunknownintheWesternworldforlong.However,withthescreeningofthefirstEnglish-languagedocumentaryfeatureaboutthepoet,thedaysofDuFuasChina’sbest-kept literarysecretseemtobejustnumbered.ItiswrittenandpresentedbyMichaelWood,askilledtelevisionhistorianwhoalsodirectedotherChina-relateddocumentariessuchasTheStoryofChina(2016)andTheStoryofChina’sReformandOpeningUp(2018).FromtheYellowRivertotheYangtzeGorges,anddowntotheforestedhillsofHunanprovince,Woodvisitedanumberofplacessuchasthepoet’sbirthplaceGongyiinHenanprovinceandTangDynastycapitalChang’an,today’sXi’an.Alongtheway,hemetandtalkedtoordinarypeople,dancersandmusicians,whohelpedtotellthefantasticstoryofthepoet.InterviewswithfamousscholarsspecializinginChineseliteraturealsohelpedpresentaclearerpictureofthepoet’slifeexperiences,literarysignificanceandhisfriendshipwithLiBai,anothergreatChinesepoet.Bornin712,DuFulivedintheTangDynasty,atimemarkedbyextraordinaryculturalachievements.However,afteracivilunrest,DuFu,theformercivilservantattheTangcourt,wasforcedtobecomeaporter,andsufferedfromstarvation.Throughupsanddowns,thepoetneverstoppedwriting,pouringouthisconcernforhis-countryandpeopleaswellascelebratingthesimplejoysoflife.Du’spoetryreflectsthecountry’shistoricaleventsmirroredinhisownspiritualjourney,sohebecomesapartoftheemotionalvocabularyofChineseculture,saidStephenOwen,whoin2016completedtheeight-year-longprojecttotranslateDuFu’s1,400poemsintoEnglish.56.Theunderlinedpartinparagraph2impliesthatthedocumentarywillhelp________.A.createthevaluesofpoetryB.theWestknowmoreaboutDuFuC.keepthesecretsinDuFu’spoemsD.DuFubecomeoneofthetop3poets57.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.DuFu’scolorfullifeexperiences.B.Localpeople’sadmirationforDuFu.C.Famousscholars’researchfindingsonDuFu.D.MichaelWood’seffortinmakingthedocumentary.58.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeDuFu?A.Inspiringandhelpful.B.Toughandresponsible. C.Easy-goingandcareful.D.Generousandhardworking.59.Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthepassage?A.DuFu’spoetrywinsworld’srecognitionB.DuFu’spoemsaretranslatedintoEnglishC.BBCdocumentaryreflectsChinesecultureD.BBCdocumentarypresentsChina’sShakespeare【答案】56.B57.D58.B59.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。介绍了一部由MichaelWood制作的关于杜甫的纪录片。【56题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段第一句“DespitethefactthatDuFuisusuallymentionedinthesamebreathasDanteandShakespeare,hehasremainedlargelyunknownintheWesternworldforlong.(尽管杜甫通常与但丁和莎士比亚齐名，但长期以来，他在西方世界并不被熟知)”可知，西方人不太了解杜甫。划线句子中的“However”说明与上一句存在转折关系，因而可以推知，划线句子表达的意思是“西方人将更了解杜甫”。故选B。【57题详解】主旨大意题。第四段主要讲述了Wood寻访搜查关于杜甫素材的过程，通过“FromtheYellowRivertotheYangtzeGorges,anddowntotheforestedhillsofHunanprovince,Woodvisitedanumberofplacessuchasthepoet’sbirthplaceGongyiinHenanprovinceandTangDynastycapitalChang’an,today’sXi’an.(从黄河到长江三峡，再到湖南省的山林，Wood参观了许多地方，比如杜甫的故乡河南巩义、唐代首都长安、西安等地)”可知，Wood为了纪录片的制作付出了很多努力。故选D。【58题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“Throughupsanddowns,thepoetneverstoppedwriting,pouringouthisconcernforhis-countryandpeopleaswellascelebratingthesimplejoysoflife.(经历了风风雨雨，这位诗人从未停止过写作，倾注了他对国家和人民的关心，同时也表达了简单的生活乐趣)”可知，虽然经历了风风雨雨，但杜甫依然坚持写作，可见他是坚强的；在他的诗中表达对国家和人民的关心，可见他是有责任感的人。故选B。【59题详解】主旨大意题。通读文章可知，本文主要讲述了一部关于杜甫的纪录片。根据第一段““Wehave Dante,ShakespeareandDuFu(712－770).Thesepoetscreatetheveryvaluesbywhichpoetryisjudged,”saidHarvardprofessorStephenOweninDuFu,China’sGreatestPoet,aBBCdocumentary.(“我们有但丁、莎士比亚和杜甫（712－770）。这些诗人创造了评判诗歌的价值观，”哈佛大学教授StephenOwen在BBC纪录片《中国最伟大的诗人杜甫》中说)”可知，杜甫与莎士比亚齐名，因此“BBCdocumentarypresentsChina’sShakespeare(BBC的纪录片介绍中国的莎士比亚)”适合作为本文标题。故选D。(B)MarcoPoloTimeline(1254—1324)1254OnSeptember15,MarcoPolowasborninVenice.1260Hiswealthyfatheranduncle,NicoloandMaffeoPolo,setsailfromConstantinopletotheCrimeaonatradingjourney.1262NicoloandMaffeoPoloreceivedaninvitationtoChinatomeettheKublaiKhan(忽必烈).1269NicoloandMaffeoPoloreturnedtoVenice.1271MarcoPoloaccompaniedhisfatheranduncleonajourneythroughtheHolyLand,PersiaandTartaryandtotheEmpireofChina.1274ThetravellersreachedChinaafterathree-yearjourney.MarcoPolo’sfatherandunclerenewedtheirfriendlyacquaintancewiththeKublaiKhanandpresentedhimwithpapal(教皇的)letters.Theyweregivenimportantpositionsathiscourtinreturn.MarcoPololearnedtospeaktheChineselanguage.1275MarcoPolowasappointedasanenvoy(使节)fortheKublaiKhanandtraveledthroughChinaonhismissions.1280’sMarcoPolotraveledthroughAsiaworkingfortheKublaiKhanandwaseventuallyappointedasagovernorofoneofhiscities.1292AmarriagewasarrangedforthedaughterofKublaiKhan,thePrincessCocachin,andthePolosaccompaniedtheweddingparty,consistingofafleetoffourteenships,toPersia.1293ThePolosstayedinPersiatocelebratetheweddingandthenheadedtowardstheBlackSeatomaketheirwaybacktoVenice.1295MarcoPoloarrivedinVenicewiththefinestcollectionofjewelseverseen.VenicewasatwarwithGenoa.1298MarcoPolowasmadea“gentlemancommander”ofaVenetiangalley.Hisshipjoinedin thebattleofKurzolaandhewastakenasaprisonerofwarbytheGenoese.WhenhewasinprisonhemetawritercalledRustichellodaPisaanddictated(口述)tohimanaccountofhistravelsandexperiencesinChina,Japan,andotherEasterncountries.1299MarcoPolowasreleasedasaprisonerofwarinGenoa.60.WhendidthePolosstarttheirjourneytowardstheEmpireofChina?A1262.B.1269.C.1271.D.1274.61.MarcoPolo’sfatheranduncleweregivenimportantpositionsinthecourtoftheKublaiKhan.Itwasprobablybecause________.A.theywereverywealthytradersB.theyweresuccessfuladventurersC.theybroughttoChinapapallettersD.theylearnttospeaktheChineselanguage62.Accordingtothetimeline,whatwasthelastthingthatMarcoPolodidbeforereturningtoVenice?A.HemarriedthedaughteroftheKublaiKhan.B.HeaccompaniedPrincessCocachintoPersia.C.Hewasmadethecommanderofafleet.D.HedictatedanaccountofhistravelstotheEast.【答案】60.C61.C62.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章按时间表的形式介绍了马可波罗在1254到1299年之间发生的重大事件。【60题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“1271MarcoPoloaccompaniedhisfatheranduncleonajourneythroughtheHolyLand,PersiaandTartaryandtotheEmpireofChina.”（1271年马可波罗陪同他的父亲和叔叔踏上了穿越巴勒斯坦，波斯和鞑靼旅程并最终到达中国。）可知，马可波罗是在1271年开始去中国的旅行。故选C项。【61题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段“MarcoPolo’sfatherandunclerenewedtheirfriendlyacquaintancewiththeKublaiKhanandpresentedhimwithpapal(教皇的)letters.Theyweregivenimportantpositionsathiscourtinreturn.”（马可波罗的父亲和叔叔重新恢复了和忽必烈的联系并带给他中国皇帝 的信件。作为回报他们被授予重要的职位。）可知，他们被忽必烈授予重要的职位是因为带回了中国皇帝的信。故选C项。【62题详解】细节理解题。根据第十段“ThePolosstayedinPersiatocelebratetheweddingandthenheadedtowardstheBlackSeatomaketheirwaybacktoVenice.”（马可波罗一家留在波斯庆祝婚礼，然后前往黑海返回威尼斯。）可知，马可波罗在返回威尼斯前做的最后一件事就是陪伴可卡钦公主去波斯。故选B项。(C)Youcantellalotaboutpeople’sgeneralstateofmindbasedontheirsocialmediafeeds.Aretheyalwaystweetingabouttheirbiggestannoyancesorpostingpicturesofparticularlycutekitties?Inasimilarfashion,researchersareturningtoTwitterforcluesabouttheoverallhappinessofentiregeographiccommunities.Whatthey’refindingisthatregionalvariationintheuseofcommonphrasesproducespredictionsthatdon’talwaysreflectthelocalstateofwell-being.Butremovingfromtheiranalysesjustthreespecificterms—good,loveandLOL—greatlyimprovestheaccuracyofthemethods.We’relivinginacrazyCOVID-19era.Andnowmorethanever,we’reusingsocialmediatoadapttoanewnormalandreachouttothefriendsandfamilythatwecan’tmeetface-to-face.KokilJaidkastudiescomputationallinguisticsattheNationalUniversityofSingapore.“Butourwordsaren’tusefuljusttounderstandwhatwe,asindividuals,thinkandfeel.They’realsousefulcluesaboutthecommunitywelivein.”Oneofthesimplermethodsthatmanyscientistsusetoanalyzethedatainvolvescorrelatingwordswithpositiveornegativeemotions.Butwhenthoserecordsarecomparedwithphonesurveysthatassessregionalwell-being,Jaidkasays,theydon’tpaintanaccuratepictureofthelocalZeitgeist(时代精神).Beingabletogetanaccuratereadonthemoodofthepopulationisnolaughingmatter.“That’sparticularlyimportantnow,inthetimeofCOVID,wherewe’reexpectingamentalhealthcrisisandwe’realreadyseeinginsurveydatathelargestdecreaseinsubjectivewell-beingin10yearsatleast,ifnotever.”Tofindoutwhy,JaidkaandherteamanalyzedbillionsoftweetsfromaroundtheUnitedStates.AndtheyfoundthatamongthemostfrequentlyusedtermsonTwitterareLOL,loveandgood.And theyactuallythrowtheanalysisoff.Whythedisconnect?“Internetlanguageisreallyadifferentbeastthanregularspokenlanguage.We’veadaptedwordsfromtheEnglishvocabularytomeandifferentthingsindifferentsituations.”saysJaidka.“Take,forexample,LOL.I’vetweetedthewordLOLtoexpressirony,annoyanceandsometimesjustpuresurprise.WhenthemethodsformeasuringLOLasamarkerofhappinesswerecreatedinthe1990s,itstillmeantlaughingoutloud.”“Thereareplentyoftermsthatarelessmisleading,”saysJaidka.“Ourmodelstellusthatwordslikeexcited,fun,great,opportunity,interesting,fantasticandthosearebetterwordsformeasuringsubjectivewell-being.”63.Theresearchersturntosocialmediafeedsto_______.A.helpwiththeanalysisofpeople’ssubjectivewell-beingB.locatethemostfrequentlyusedwordsC.provethedisconnectbetweenlanguageandemotionsD.makethepredictionmethodmoreeffective64.Inregularspokenlanguage,whichofthefollowingismostlikelytofillintheblank“Fantastic!_______”A.Howcomehecanaffordsuchaluxurycar?B.I’veleftthebookonthebusagain.C.Agoodmovie,definitelyworthseeing!D.WhydoIhavetodothechoresagain?65.HowdidJaidkaknowtheanalysiswasn’taccurate?A.Itdidn’treflectthemoodoftheentiregeographiccommunity.B.Itdidn’tmatchtheassessmentresultofthephonesurveys.C.Itdidn’tconsiderthefeaturesofInternetlanguage.D.Itdidn’ttaketheregionalvariationsintoaccount.66.WhichofthefollowingstatementswillJaidkamostprobablyagreewith?A.Face-to-facecommunicationisneededtoensurehappiness.B.Internetuseistoblameforthedecreaseinsubjectivewell-being.C.Internetlanguageshouldbeabandonedasasourceofscientificanalysis.D.Lessmisleadingwordsshouldbeusedinassessingsubjectivewell-being. 【答案】63.A64.C65.B66.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员利用媒体来帮助分析人们的主观幸福感，并建议在评估主观幸福感时，应该使用更少误导性的词语。【63题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Inasimilarfashion,researchersareturningtoTwitterforcluesabouttheoverallhappinessofentiregeographiccommunities.”(与此类似，研究人员也在推特上寻找有关整个地理社区整体幸福感的线索。)可知，研究人员利用媒体来帮助分析人们的主观幸福感。故选A项。【64题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ourmodelstellusthatwordslikeexcited,fun,great,opportunity,interesting,fantasticandthosearebetterwordsformeasuringsubjectivewell-being.”(我们的模型告诉我们，兴奋、有趣、很棒、机会、有趣、美妙等词是衡量主观幸福感的更好词汇。)推断出C“Agoodmovie,definitelyworthseeing!”(一部好电影，绝对值得一看！)是说话者对主观幸福的表达，最有可能填在空白处。故选C项。【65题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Butwhenthoserecordsarecomparedwithphonesurveysthatassessregionalwell-being,Jaidkasays,theydon’tpaintanaccuratepictureofthelocalZeitgeist.”(但当这些记录与评估地区福祉的电话调查相比较时，Jaidka说，它们并不能准确描绘当地的时代精神。)可知Jaidka知道分析不准确是因为和电话调查结果不一致。故选B项。【66题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thereareplentyoftermsthatarelessmisleading,”saysJaidka.“Ourmodelstellusthatwordslikeexcited,fun,great,opportunity,interesting,fantasticandthosearebetterwordsformeasuringsubjectivewell-being.”(“有很多术语不那么具有误导性，”贾伊德卡说。“我们的模型告诉我们，兴奋、有趣、很棒、机会、有趣、美妙等词是衡量主观幸福感的更好词汇。”)可知，Jaidka可能会认同D项“Lessmisleadingwordsshouldbeusedinassessingsubjectivewell-being.”(在评估主观幸福感时，应该使用更少误导性的词语。)。故选D项。(D)Areyouadifferentpersonwhenyouspeakaforeignlanguage?That’sjustoneofthequestionsTheNewYorker’swriterandnativeNorthCarolinianLaurenCollinsexploresinherengaging autobiography,abouthertougheffortstomasterFrenchaftermarryingaFrenchmanwhosename—Olivier—shecouldn’tevenpronounceproperly.WheninFrenchrangesfromthehumorouslypersonaltoadeeperlookatvarioustheoriesoflanguageacquisitionandlinguistics.ThecouplemetinLondon“onmoreorlessneutralground:hiscontinent,mylanguage.”ButthebalanceshiftedwhentheymovedtoGenevaforOlivier’swork.ThenormallyvolubleCollinsfoundherselfataloss—“nearlyspeechless.”Thelanguagebarrier,andherdependenceonherhusbandforsimplethingslikebuyingtherightcutofmeatworsenedhermixedfeelingsabout“unlovely,butnotridiculous”Geneva.Shecomments,“Language,asmuchasland,isaplace.Tobecutofffromitistobe,inasense,homeless.”Hersenseofalienation(疏离感)leadstoanexaminationofAmerica’smiserablerecordwhenitcomestoforeignlanguages:“LinguistscallAmerica‘thegraveyardoflanguages’becauseofitssingularabilitytotakeinmillionsofimmigrantsandmaketheirnativelanguagesdieoutinafewgenerations,”Collinswrites.EducatedinWilmington,N.C.,andatPrinceton,shecould—likethevastmajorityofAmericans—onlyspeaktheirmothertongue.EightmonthsaftershemovedtoSwitzerland,CollinsgaveuponthenaturalacquisitionoflanguageandfinallyenrollsinaFrenchcourse.Asshestruggleswithgrammarandvocabulary,Collinsnotessmartlythatvert(green),verre(glass),ver(worm),vers(toward),andvair(squirrel)composeaquintuplehomonym(同形异义).“Althoughit’sdifficult,Frenchcanbetried,”shesays.YetFrenchisactuallyconsideredamongtheeasiestlanguagesforanEnglishspeakertolearn,especiallycomparedtoArabicorMandarinChinese.Collins,whosenotablyrichEnglishvocabularyincludesglossolalia(nonsensespeech)andshibboleth(catchwordorslogan),findsplentyofterrificFrenchwordstolove.Shewrites,“Englishisatrustfund,anunearnedinheritance,butI’veworkedforeverybitofFrenchI’vebanked.”UnlikeJhumpaLahiri,whobecamesohookedonItalianandusedittowriteInOtherWords,Collins’goalsforlearningFrenchweremoremodest:“IwantedtospeakFrenchandtosoundlikeNorthCarolina.”Shealsowantedtobeabletodealwithchimneysweepsandbutchers,communicatewithherin-laws,and“totouchOlivierinhisownlanguage.”SheadmitsthatshefeelsdifferentspeakingFrench:“Itsausterity(朴素)mademefeelmoreconfused.”67.Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedword“voluble”inParagraph2?A.Graceful.B.Dependent.C.Talkative.D.Energetic. 68.WhydolinguistscallAmerica“thegraveyardoflanguages”?A.BecauseotherlanguagesareprohibitedinAmerica.B.BecauseonlyEnglish-speakingpeoplecanimmigrateintoAmerica.C.Becauseimmigrants’nativelanguagescontradictEnglishinAmerica.D.BecauseAmericancultureswallowsupimmigrants’nativelanguagesgradually.69.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4andParagraph5?A.Collins’EnglishvocabularyknowledgecontributeslittletoherFrenchlearning.B.CollinshasfoundoutsomeeffectivewaysofmasteringFrenchwords.C.ArabicorMandarinChineseiseasiertolearnthanFrenchforEnglishspeakers.D.It’sterrifyingforCollinstohaveFrenchwordsinstoreforpracticaluse.70.TheexampleofJhumpaLahiriinthepassageisgiventoshowthat________.A.CollinsaimsatusingFrenchforherdailylife.B.CollinswantstoapplyFrenchtoserveherwriting.C.it’sinappropriateforJhumpaLahiritowriteinanotherlanguage.D.foreignlanguagealwaysmakeslearnersfeelcomplicatedaboutlife.【答案】67.C68.D69.B70.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了LaurenCollins的自传WheninFrench的相关内容。【67题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Thenormally(通常)”及下文“foundherselfataloss—“nearlyspeechless.”(发现自己不知所措——“几乎说不出话来”)”可推知，此处与以往的自己形成强烈的反差。由此可知，划线词voluble与“speechless”意思相反，意为“健谈的”，与talkative意义相近。故选C。【68题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Hersenseofalienation(疏离感)leadstoanexaminationofAmerica’smiserablerecordwhenitcomestoforeignlanguages:“LinguistscallAmerica‘thegraveyardoflanguages’becauseofitssingularabilitytotakeinmillionsofimmigrantsandmaketheirnativelanguagesdieoutinafewgenerations,”Collinswrites.(她的疏离感引发了对美国在外语方面的悲惨记录的审视：“语言学家称美国为‘语言的墓地’，因为它具有吸收数百万移民并使他们的母语在几代人中消亡的独特能力，”柯林斯写道) ”可知，语言学家称美国为“语言的坟墓”是因为美国文化逐渐吞噬了移民的母语。故选D。【69题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Asshestruggleswithgrammarandvocabulary,Collinsnotessmartlythatvert(green),verre(glass),ver(worm),vers(toward),andvair(squirrel)composeaquintuplehomonym(同形异义).“Althoughit’sdifficult,Frenchcanbetried,”shesays.(当她在语法和词汇上苦苦挣扎时，柯林斯聪明地注意到vert(绿色)、verre(玻璃)、ver(蠕虫)、vers(朝向)和vair(松鼠)组成了一个由五个词构成的同形异义词。“虽然很难，但法语是可以尝试的，”她说)”以及第五段“Collins,whosenotablyrichEnglishvocabularyincludesglossolalia(nonsensespeech)andshibboleth(catchwordorslogan),findsplentyofterrificFrenchwordstolove.Shewrites,“Englishisatrustfund,anunearnedinheritance,butI’veworkedforeverybitofFrenchI’vebanked.”(Collins的英语词汇量非常丰富，包括glossolalia(无意义的话)和shibboleth(流行语或口语)，她发现有很多很棒的法语单词值得喜爱。她写道：“英语是一笔信托基金，是一笔不劳而获的遗产，但我积攒的每一点法语都是通过努力获得的。”)”可推知，Collins找到了一些掌握法语单词的有效方法，并且逐渐取得了进步。故选B。【70题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段中的“UnlikeJhumpaLahiri,whobecamesohookedonItalianandusedittowriteInOtherWords,Collins’goalsforlearningFrenchweremoremodest:“IwantedtospeakFrenchandtosoundlikeNorthCarolina.”Shealsowantedtobeabletodealwithchimneysweepsandbutchers,communicatewithherin-laws,and“totouchOlivierinhisownlanguage.”(与JhumpaLahiri不同，JhumpaLahiri非常迷恋意大利语，还用意大利语写了《换句话说》，Collins学习法语的目标要小得多：“我想说法语，听起来像北卡罗来纳州的人。”她还希望能够与烟囱清洁工和屠夫打交道，与她的姻亲交流，并“用Olivier的语言接触他”)”可推知，文中JhumpaLahiri的例子是为了说明Collins学习法语是为了在日常生活中使用。故选A。Translation:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.71.我们不应对Tom期待过高，因为他的表现远不尽如人意。(expect)(汉译英)【答案】WeshouldnotexpecttoomuchfromTombecausehisperformanceisfarfromsatisfactory.【解析】【详解】考查句子结构。表示“我们不应对Tom期待过高”为weshouldnotexpecttoomuchfromTom，情态动词should的否定形式加动词原形构成复合谓语，expectsthfromsb “期待某人（会做出）某事”是固定短语；表示“因为他的表现远不尽如人意”为原因状语从句becausehisperformanceisfarfromsatisfactory，befarfrom“距……很远”是固定搭配，根据句意可知，谓语动词用一般现在时，主谓一致。句首字母大写，故翻译为WeshouldnotexpecttoomuchfromTombecausehisperformanceisfarfromsatisfactory.72.这位旅行者有着坚定的决心，难怪能克服重重阻碍。(wonder)(汉译英)【答案】Itwasnowonderthatthetravellerovercamesomanyobstacleswithsuchstrongdetermination.【解析】【详解】考查固定句型、时态、冠词、名词、介词。结合句意可知，已经克服了困难，故需要用一般过去时；表示“难怪……”为固定句型itisnowonderthat，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的从句，it位于句首需要大写首字母；表示“这位旅行者”为特指，故需要用定冠词the；表示“克服”为overcome，一般过去时态形式为overcame；“重重”意为“很多”，故用somany修饰obstacle“阻碍”，其中obstacle为可数名词，故需要用复数形式；表示“有着”可以用介词with表伴随，表示“坚定的决心”可用strongdetermination，determination一般为不可数名词，伴随状语可位于句末，保持句子平衡。故翻译为Itwasnowonderthatthetravellerovercamesomanyobstacleswithsuchstrongdetermination.73.罗马文明源远流长，杰作比比皆是，这对后世影响深远。(which)(汉译英)【答案】Romancivilizationhasalonghistory,anditsmasterpiecescanbefoundeverywhere,whichhasaprofoundinfluenceonnextgenerations.【解析】【详解】考查非限制性定语从句和固定短语。分析句子可知，句子主语是“罗马文明”应译为Romancivilization；表示“源远流长”即为“有悠久的历史”应译为havealonghistory，根据句意可知，此处描述的是客观事实，所以应用一般现在时态，主语是三单，所以谓语也应是单数，故翻译为Romancivilizationhasalonghistory；表示“杰作”为masterpieces，“比比皆是”译为canbefoundeverywhere，与上文内容并列，故主句翻译为Romancivilizationhasalonghistory,anditsmasterpiecescanbefoundeverywhere；根据提示，从句使用which引导的非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“对后世影响深远”即为“对后世有深远的影响”应译为haveaprofoundinfluenceonnextgenerations，主语是which指代的是上文中的整件事，作为整体，所以谓语动词用单数，时态与主句时态一致。故翻译为Romancivilizationhasalonghistory,anditsmasterpiecescanbefoundeverywhere,whichhasaprofoundinfluenceonnext generations.。