山东省潍坊市2023届高三英语上学期1月期末考试试题（Word版附解析）

高三英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、座号、考号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWith1,500squaremilestoexplore,fromitsromanticattractionstoitswildlandscapesandtheeasyrurallifestyle,therearenodecentpublicfacilitiesbutcertainlynoshortageofbeautifulplacestostaywiththeLakeDistrict.Seebelowourhand-pickedselection.UlverstonLinedwithcharmingcobbled(铺鹅卵石的)streets,UlverstonisaprettyhistoricmarkettownlocatedjustSouthoftheLakeDistrict.Itisadelightfulescapefromthecrowd-filledattractionsintheSouthernLakes,yetisjustastone’sthrowawayfromthem.GrasmereGrasmereisforeverlinkedtotheworld-renownedLakelandpoets,mostnotablyWilliamWordsworth.Eachyear,manymakethetraveltoDoveCottageinGrasmere,wheresomeofWordsworth’smostfamousworkswerewritten.Fromtoweringpeakstotastytreats,aholidayinGrasmerewouldalsonotbecompletewithoutatasteofthefamousGrasmereGingerbreadthat’sbeenmadeheresincethemid-19thcentury.CartmelHometomanytraditionalstonebuildingsandcharmingscenery,CartmelisaprimitivevillageinSouthCumbria.Appreciatingthecolorfulglasswindowsandsculpturesmakesitamemorablevisit.Cartmel’sstickypudding,atraditionalEnglishdessertfromthisLakeDistrictvillage,isamust-try.Cartmel’srestaurantsandpubsprovideawiderangeoffoodanddrinktorechargethebatteriesafter anexhaustinghike.KendalKnownasthegatewaytotheLakes,Kendalisabusytownhostingaselectionofrestaurantsandshops,whichmakesitanexcellenttouringbase.Youcanalsoenjoythesurroundingviewsoflandscapesandlakesfromthehilltop.BothWindermereandtheCumbriancoastareeasytoreach,makingitafinelocationforloversofbothcoastandcountryside.1.WhatattractthetravelerstotheLakeDistrict?A.Luxuriousfacilities.B.Mysteriousadventures.C.Leisurelycountrysidesights.D.Convenienttransportationsystems.2.Whichdestinationbestsuitsloversofliterature?A.Ulverston.B.Grasmere.C.Cartmel.D.Kendal.3.WhatcantouristsdoatCartmel?A.Chargethebatteryforfree.B.Tasteauniquelocalsnack.C.Bicycleintheoldvillage.D.Admiremodernarchitectures.【答案】1.C2.B3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几个让人非常感到悠闲，轻松的旅行胜地。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“With1,500squaremilestoexplore,fromitsromanticattractionstoitswildlandscapesandtheeasyrurallifestyle,therearenodecentpublicfacilitiesbutcertainlynoshortageofbeautifulplacestostaywiththeLakeDistrict.”（这里有1500平方英里可供探索，从浪漫的景点到狂野的风景，再到轻松的乡村生活方式，这里没有像样的公共设施，但肯定不缺乏美丽的地方。）可知，悠闲的乡村风光是吸引游客到湖区来的。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Grasmere中“Eachyear,manymakethetraveltoDoveCottageinGrasmere,wheresomeofWordsworth’smostfamousworkswerewritten.”（每年，许多人都会前往 Grasmere的鸽子小屋，华兹华斯最著名的一些作品就是在那里创作的。）可知，Grasmere这个目的地最适合文学爱好者。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Cartmel中“Cartmel’sstickypudding,atraditionalEnglishdessertfromthisLakeDistrictvillage,isamust-try.”（Cartmel的黏布丁是这个湖区村庄的传统英式甜点，一定要尝一尝。）可知，游客在Cartmel可以品尝独特的当地小吃。ACD项与原文实意不符。故选B项。BJudeandLeoHaweshavecomealongwaysincetheyenteredtheworld,bornatjust29weeks.AirliftedfromtheirhomeinLauncestontohospitalinHobart,thetwins,nowhappyandhealthytwo-year-olds,weredeliveredintotheICUtobecaredforandmonitored.AgiftfromtheTasmanianbranchofOctopusforaPreemie(早产儿)forthemwasalightinthedark.“Thesestoriesreallydoreminduswhyweallspendsomuchtimeandourownmoneymakingtheseoctopuses(章鱼),”Bianca,theco-founderoftheproject,tellsWoman’sDay.“ItmeanstheworldtomethatIcandosomethinginwhateversmallwaytomakethejourneyforthebabiesandparentsjustthatlittlebiteasier.Ibelieveifwecanhelpothers,nomatterhowsmallawayitis,thenweshould.”Theeight-leggedcreaturesarespeciallycreatedtocalmandcomfortearlynewborns.“Ininstanceswherethebabiescan’tbeheldforweeks,orevenmonths,thefamiliarityoftheparents’scent(气味)ontheoctopusescanhelpwiththebondingprocessbecausebabiesalreadyknowitasasafescentwhenparentscanfinallyholdthem,”Biancasays.ThevolunteerprojectbeganafteranursereachedouttoBiancatocreateaprototypeofoctopusshecouldtakeintohospitalforatrial.“Ittookmeagoodfourtofivemonthstoteachmyselfhowtowriteapatternandgetitapproved,”explainsBianca,whocreatesthehandmadehelpfuloctopusesfornocosttofamiliesinneed.“IstartedmakingthemasfastasIcould,butIwasn’tabletomaketheamounttheyneeded.”SoonBiancametthegroup’sotherco-founderAndreaCareyandthepairstartedcreatingthecreaturesintogetherintheirsparetime.“Ihavealwaysenjoyedbeingcreativeandmyimaginationrunswildwithcolourcombinations,” saysBianca,herFacebookpageOctopusforaPreemieTasmaniaaccumulatingmorethan2000followers.“Itmakesmyday!”4.Whatisthepurposeoftheproject?A.Topromoteoctopusestopreemies.B.Tocomfortthepreemies’parents.C.Toreachouttonursesforpreemies.D.Tobringasenseofsecurityforpreemies.5Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“prototype”Inparagraph4?A.Certificate.B.Model.C.Patent.D.Trademark.6.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprojectfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Itiswellreceived.BItishighlyprofitable.C.Itneedstobeimproved.D.Ittakesagestoseetheresults.7.WhatdoesBianca’sstoryimply?A.Goodisrewardedwithgood.B.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.C.Smalldeedsmakeadifference.D.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个志愿者项目为新生儿提供章鱼来安抚和安慰他们，这一项目受到了新生儿父母的欢迎。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段““Ininstanceswherethebabiescan’tbeheldforweeks,orevenmonths,thefamiliarityoftheparents’scent(气味)ontheoctopusescanhelpwiththebondingprocessbecausebabiesalreadyknowitasasafescentwhenparentscanfinallyholdthem,”Biancasays.(Bianca 说：“在宝宝几周甚至几个月都不能被抱着的情况下，章鱼对父母的气味的熟悉可以帮助建立联系，因为当父母终于可以抱着他们时，婴儿已经知道这是一种安全的气味。”)”可推断，这个项目的目的是为了让婴儿有安全感。故选D。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线单词上一段“Theeight-leggedcreaturesarespeciallycreatedtocalmandcomfortearlynewborns.(这种八条腿的生物是专门用来安抚和安慰早期新生儿的。)”可知，这是一种章鱼样子的模型，为新生儿而设计的；而下一段““Ittookmeagoodfourtofivemonthstoteachmyselfhowtowriteapatternandgetitapproved,”explainsBianca,whocreatesthehandmadehelpfuloctopusesfornocosttofamiliesinneed.(“我花了四到五个月的时间自学如何编写图案并获得批准，”Bianca解释说，她手工制作了这种有益的章鱼，为有需要的家庭提供且不收取任何费用。)”可知，Bianca花了四五个月学习编写图案，所以她是为了制作一个章鱼样子的模型。选项A“Certificate(证书)”；B“Model(模型)”；C“Patent(专利)”；D“Trademark.(商标)”。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段““IstartedmakingthemasfastasIcould,butIwasn’tabletomaketheamounttheyneeded.”SoonBiancametthegroup’sotherco-founderAndreaCareyandthepairstartedcreatingthecreaturesintogetherintheirsparetime.(“我开始以最快的速度制作它们，但我无法达到它们所需的数量。”不久，Bianca遇到了该组织的另一位联合创始人AndreaCarey，两人开始在业余时间一起创作这些生物。)”可知，章鱼模型的需求量很大。再根据最后一段““Ihavealwaysenjoyedbeingcreativeandmyimaginationrunswildwithcolourcombinations,”saysBianca,herFacebookpageOctopusforaPreemieTasmaniaaccumulatingmorethan2000followers.“Itmakesmyday!”(Bianca说：“我一直很喜欢创新，我对颜色组合的想象力很丰富。”她的Facebook页面“章鱼”为塔斯马尼亚早产儿设计，粉丝已经超过2000人。“这让我很开心!”)”可知，章鱼模型的粉丝很多。由此，可以推断出章鱼模型很受人们的欢迎。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段““Thesestoriesreallydoreminduswhyweallspendsomuchtimeandourownmoneymakingtheseoctopuses(章鱼),”Bianca,theco-founderoftheproject,tellsWoman’sDay.“ItmeanstheworldtomethatIcandosomethinginwhateversmallwaytomakethejourneyforthebabiesandparentsjustthatlittlebiteasier.Ibelieveifwecanhelpothers,nomatterhowsmallawayitis,thenweshould.”( “这些故事真的提醒我们为什么我们都花了这么多时间和自己的钱来制作这些章鱼，”该项目的联合创始人Bianca在接受《妇女之日》采访时表示。“这对我来说意味着整个世界，我可以做一些小事，让婴儿和父母的旅程更容易一点。我相信，如果我们能帮助别人，不管这个帮助有多小，那我们就应该帮助别人。”)”可知，Bianca的故事告诉我们小事也能对这个世界有所改变。故选C。CLookupoverthewhitesandbeachesofMauritiusandyoumayseeahugesail.It’smuchlikethekindusedbykitesurfersbutthesizeofathree-bedroomapartment.Thesailisn’tatouristattraction—it’screatingelectricityforthisislandofftheeastcoastofAfrica.LaunchedinDecember2021bySkySailsPower,themassivewingistheworld’sfirstfullyautonomouscommercial“airbornewindenergy”system.Forthepasttwomonths,ithasbeendeliveringalittleunderitsgoalof100kilowatts—typicallyenoughtopowerupto50homes.Toharvestwindenergyfromtheheightswherewindblowsfastestthekeymaybetoflyakite.Thesesystemscomeinacontainerandcanbedroppedoffwhereverthere’saroadordock(码头).Theycanalsobetiedtoafixedshipindeepwaters.Theirheightisadaptable,sotheycanbemovedupordowntowhereverthewindblowsthehardest,whichoftenchangeswiththeseasons.SkySailsactuallystartedbackin2001withadifferentpurpose:buildingsoftkitewingstopullmassiveshipsalongatsea.In2015SkySailsshiftedfocustoproducingelectricitywithSkySailsPower.SkySails’systemreliesonaroughly150squaremetrewingtorideonthewind.Therearenoturbines(涡轮机)upintheair,andthelineisn’tanelectricwire.Instead,theenergyisgeneratedontheground,fromthepullontheline.“Thebrakeonthewinch(绞车)isgeneratingtheelectricity,”saysFagiano,thechiefofficer.Softwarefliesthekiteautonomouslyinafigure-of-eightpatterntogetthestrongestpullpossibletoproduceenergy.Thesystemthenchangesthewing’sflightpatternsoitcanbepulledinwithminimalresistance,expendingalittleenergytowinditback.Thispatternrepeats,creatingfarmoreenergythanitconsumes.Thesailshavelessimpactontheskylinethantraditionalturbinesandarequietertoo,saysFagiano.Andtheymakeeconomicsenseforanyonecurrentlypayingmorethan$0.30perkilowatthourfromtraditionalgenerators.8.Whatisthemosteffectivewayforthesystemtogetenergy? A.Itisplacedashighaspossible.B.Itistiedtoashipinthedeepsea.C.Itisadjustedtothehardestwinds.D.Itisfixedonthewhitesandbeaches.9.WhatisSkySails’originalintentiontodevelopthesystem?A.Tobeattraditionalturbines.B.Topowerthehomesinneed.C.Topullthehugeshipsatsea.D.Tocompetewithothercompanies.10.Whatdoesparagraph5focuson?A.Whyturbinesareabandoned.B.HowtheSkySails’systemworks.C.Howsoftwarecontrolsthewing.D.Whythewingchangesitsflightpattern.11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.SkySails:PioneerinwindpowerB.SkySails:CompetitortotraditionalpowerC.Thekitesseekingtheworld’ssurestwindsD.Thekitesgeneratingthecheapestelectricity【答案】8.C9.C10.B11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍风力发电技术又有了新的可能性：利用“风筝”发电。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theirheightisadaptable,sotheycanbemovedupordowntowhereverthewindblowsthehardest,whichoftenchangeswiththeseasons.(它们的高度是可适应的，所以它们可以向上或向下移动到风吹得最猛烈的地方，这种风经常随着季节而变化。)”可知，系统获取能量的最有效方式是它能被调节到最强的风。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“SkySailsactuallystartedbackin2001withadifferentpurpose:building softkitewingstopullmassiveshipsalongatsea.(SkySails实际上始于2001年，当时有不同的目的:制造柔软的风筝翅膀，在海上牵引大型船只。)”可知，Skyysails开发该系统的初衷是在海上牵引大型船只。故选C。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段“SkySails’systemreliesonaroughly150squaremetrewingtorideonthewind.Therearenoturbines(涡轮机)upintheair,andthelineisn’tanelectricwire.Instead,theenergyisgeneratedontheground,fromthepullontheline.“Thebrakeonthewinch(绞车)isgeneratingtheelectricity,”saysFagiano,thechiefofficer.Softwarefliesthekiteautonomouslyinafigure-of-eightpatterntogetthestrongestpullpossibletoproduceenergy.Thesystemthenchangesthewing’sflightpatternsoitcanbepulledinwithminimalresistance,expendingalittleenergytowinditback.Thispatternrepeats,creatingfarmoreenergythanitconsumes.(Skyysails的系统依靠一个大约150平方米的机翼来驾驭风力。空中没有涡轮机，电线也不是电线。相反，能量是由地面上的拉力产生的。“绞车上的刹车正在发电，”首席执行官法吉亚诺说。软件会自动地以8字形模式放飞风筝，以获得尽可能强的拉力来产生能量。然后，该系统会改变机翼的飞行模式，使其以最小的阻力被拉进，并消耗少量能量将其拉回。这种模式不断重复，产生的能量远远超过消耗的能量。)”可知，本段主要介绍skyysails系统是如何工作的。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“LookupoverthewhitesandbeachesofMauritiusandyoumayseeahugesail.It’smuchlikethekindusedbykitesurfersbutthesizeofathree-bedroomapartment.Thesailisn’tatouristattraction—it’screatingelectricityforthisislandofftheeastcoastofAfrica.(从毛里求斯的白色沙滩仰望天空，你会看到一个巨型风帆。它很像风筝冲浪者使用的那种，但有三间卧室的公寓那么大。帆并不是一个旅游景点，而是为非洲东海岸的这个岛屿发电。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍风力发电技术又有了新的可能性：利用“风筝”发电。所以“Thekitesseekingtheworld’ssurestwinds(为寻找稳定风能而生的风筝)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。DTheAtlanticsalmon(鲑鱼)ofScotlandarehardyanddeterminedanimals.Eachspringandsummer,theyreturnfromtheNorthAtlanticOceantolayeggsinScotland’sshallowrivers,leapingupwaterfallsandoverbarriers,pushingthemselvesupstreaminenormousefforts.Somefail,andotherssucceed,buttodaytheyfaceyetanotherchallenge. Duringthemid-1980s,therewerebetweeneightandtenmillionsalmonswimmingaroundScotland’sAtlanticcoast;thatnumberhasnowdroppedsharply.There’sevidenceofreducingtheavailabilityofthesalmon’sprey(猎物)asclimatechangewarmsandacidifiesoceans.Newresearchsuggestsclimatechangeisalsobearingdownonrivers,whichisbadnewsforsalmon.Adaptedtolifeincoldwater,salmonexperienceslowgrowthandpopulationchangesathightemperatures.Heatinfluencestheirhealthandreducestheirresistancetodisease.“Nowsalmonarestrugglingtodealwiththerisingtemperatures.Therearerecentrecordsof27°CintheupperreachesoftheDeecatchment,”saysPeterCairns,directorofanenvironmentalcharity.In2018,Scotlandrecordedthelowestpolecatchforsalmonsincerecordsbegan.Evidencesuggeststhatthedegradedqualityofriverworsenstheimpactofourchangingclimate.“AtlanticsalmonevolvedusingriversystemsinScotlandthatwereoncewaymoreforestedandthereforeshaded.”YetScotlandistodayoneoftheleastwoodedcountriesinEurope,withjust3percentofitsnativewoodlandundamaged.Scientistshavefoundthatjust35percentofriversinScotlandhaveenoughtreecoverforsalmonsurvival.Amovementtogettreesbackonriverbanksisgatheringpace.“Broad-leaftreesclosetothebankcanreducethelightthatentersthewater,”explainsfisheriesscientistAnthonyHawkins.AnewinitiativecalledRiverwoods—ledbytheScottishWildlifeTrustandsupportedbyScottishWaterandseveralothergovemmentandregulatorybodies—aimstocreateanetworkofwoodlandsalongScotland’sriverbanks,andhasalreadyreceivedanumberoflargefunds.“Moneyisnotthepressingbusiness.Riverhealthiscomplex,buttreeplantingisoneofthemostbasicthingswecangetstartedwithrightaway,”saysCairns.12.WhydoAtlanticsalmonmakegreatjourneysbacktotherivers?A.Theysearchforfoods.B.Theyreproducethemselves.C.Theriversarerelativelycool.D.Theseasareincreasinglywarm.13.Howdotherisingtemperaturesinriversaffectsalmon?A.Theygrowmorequickly.B.Theyaremoreheat-resistant.C.Theyarelessactiveinwater. D.Theyaremorelikelytogetdiseases.14.WhatisachallengeforsalmonwhentheyreturntoScotland’srivers?A.Thereisashortageoffood.B.Thereismuchfishcatching.C.Theecologyenvironmenthaschanged.D.Theriversystemsareunsuitablefortheforestgrowth.15.WhatdoesCairnsreallyintendtotellusinthelastparagraph?A.Itisurgenttoplantriverbanktrees.B.Itistoohardtorestoretheriverhealth.C.Thereisenoughmoneyfortheproject.D.Therearetoomanyvitalthingstodealwith.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了因为环境恶化，大西洋鲑鱼的数量急剧减少。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Eachspringandsummer,theyreturnfromtheNorthAtlanticOceantolayeggsinScotland’sshallowrivers,leapingupwaterfallsandoverbarriers,pushingthemselvesupstreaminenormousefforts.(每年春天和夏天，它们都会从北大西洋返回，在苏格兰的浅水河流中产卵，跳过瀑布，越过障碍，以巨大的努力将自己推向上游)”可知，大西洋鲑鱼要长途跋涉回到河里是为了繁殖后代。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Heatinfluencestheirhealthandreducestheirresistancetodisease.(热影响它们的健康，降低它们对疾病的抵抗力)”可知，河流温度上升使鲑鱼更容易得病。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Evidencesuggeststhatthedegradedqualityofriverworsenstheimpactofourchangingclimate.“AtlanticsalmonevolvedusingriversystemsinScotlandthatwereoncewaymoreforestedandthereforeshaded.”YetScotlandistodayoneoftheleastwoodedcountriesinEurope,withjust3percentofitsnativewoodlandundamaged.Scientistshavefoundthatjust35percentofriversinScotlandhaveenoughtreecoverforsalmonsurvival.( 有证据表明，河流水质的恶化加剧了气候变化的影响。“大西洋鲑鱼在苏格兰的河流系统中进化，那里曾经有更多的森林，因此有阴影。”然而，如今苏格兰是欧洲森林覆盖率最低的国家之一，只有3%的原生林地未被破坏。科学家们发现，苏格兰只有35%的河流有足够的树木覆盖，供鲑鱼生存)”可推知，当鲑鱼返回苏格兰河流时，生态环境的变化对它们来说是一个挑战。故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Moneyisnotthepressingbusiness.Riverhealthiscomplex,buttreeplantingisoneofthemostbasicthingswecangetstartedwithrightaway,”saysCairns.(“钱不是紧迫的问题。河流的健康状况很复杂，但植树是我们可以马上开始做的最基本的事情之一，”凯恩斯说)”可推知，凯恩斯真正想告诉我们当务之急是种植河岸树木。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。We’veallbeenthere―you’vesentamessageandit’smarked“read”,butyouhaven’theardanythingback.What’sthedeal?In2011,theword“rbomb”wasaddedtotheUrbanDictionary,meaning:notrespondingtoorignoringamessageafterreadingit,oftendeliberately.“Rbomb”iscommon,solearntobewise.___16___Hereareafewtips.Expectthebest.Remindyourselfthatthepersonisprobablyjustbusy.Askyourselfifyouactuallyknowtheirschedule.Therecouldbesometimecommitmentsyouaren’tawareof.___17___Theywanttogiveyoualongerresponsebutcan’trightnow.Theyputtheirphoneawaytofocusonworkorschool.Theyaccidentallyforgottoreply.Maybetheythoughtaboutwhattheywantedtosaybutdidn’tactuallytextit.Resistthetemptation(诱惑)todouble-text.___18___Ifyousendalotoffollow-uptexts,it’llbehardforthemtokeepupandtheymightgetstressed.Leavethemwithjustonetexttocatchupon—theotherpersonwillprobablyappreciateyourpatience.___19___Seeifthereareanyconfusingtextsthatyouneedtoclarify.It’sokayifyoureviewyourmessageagainandnoticethatitmighthavebeenalittleunclear—ithappens!Youmightfeelrelievedbecauseyoufoundsomethingthatwaseasytomisread.Putyourphoneaway.___20___Don’tletitupsetorconfuseyou.Ifyougetyourmindoffanynotifications,you’llbeabletobrainstormnewwaystospendyourtime.A.Readoveryourpreviousmessages. B.Fixyourattentioncloselyontextresponses.C.Keepitoutofsightandgetsomepeaceofmind.D.Theyfinishedwritingthetextbutfailedtosendit.E.Givethemalittlespacesotheyhaveachancetoreply.F.Thefollowingareafewotherreasonsforadelayedresponse.G.Youcankeepsocialmediafrombotheringyourthree-dimensionallife.【答案】16.G17.F18.E19.A20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了当别人阅读你的信息后，不回复你时，要学会心平气和的面对，不要让社交软件影响到你的三次元生活。【16题详解】根据后文“Hereareafewtips.(这里有一些建议)”以及前文““Rbomb”iscommon,solearntobewise.(“Rbomb”很常见，所以要学会明智)”可知，空处应该是承上启下说明可以应用这些建议避免被影响，所以G项“Youcankeepsocialmediafrombotheringyourthree-dimensionallife.(你可以避免社交软件影响到你的三次元生活)”符合文意。故选G项。【17题详解】根据后文“Theywanttogiveyoualongerresponsebutcan’trightnow.Theyputtheirphoneawaytofocusonworkorschool.Theyaccidentallyforgottoreply.Maybetheythoughtaboutwhattheywantedtosaybutdidn’tactuallytextit.(他们想给你一个更长的回复，但现在不行。他们把手机放在一边，专注于工作或学习。他们不小心忘了回复。也许他们想了想要说什么，但并没有真的发出去)”可知，此处是在讲一些人们延迟回复的可能，所以空处句子应该是引出这个话题，F项“Thefollowingareafewotherreasonsforadelayedresponse.(以下是延迟回复的其他一些原因)”符合文意。故选F项。【18题详解】根据前文“Resistthetemptationtodouble-text.(不要信息轰炸对方)”以及后文“Ifyousendalotoffollow-uptexts,it’llbehardforthemtokeepupandtheymightgetstressed.Leavethemwithjustonetexttocatchupon—theotherpersonwillprobablyappreciateyourpatience.(如果你发了很多后续短信，他们很难跟上，他们可能会感到压力。只给他们留一条信息，让他们跟上进度——对方可能会感激你的耐心)”可知，本段讲述不要一直给对方发信息，要给对方一些时间，让他们跟上你的信息，所以E项“Givethemalittlespacesotheyhaveachancetoreply.( 给他们一点空间，让他们有机会回答)”符合文意。故选E项。【19题详解】分析设空可知，空处位于段首，是本段中心句，根据后文“Seeifthereareanyconfusingtextsthatyouneedtoclarify.It’sokayifyoureviewyourmessageagainandnoticethatitmighthavebeenalittleunclear—ithappens!Youmightfeelrelievedbecauseyoufoundsomethingthatwaseasytomisread.(看看是否有什么令人困惑的文本需要澄清。如果你再次查看你的信息，并注意到它可能有点不清楚，这是没有关系的——这种情况发生了!你可能会感到宽慰，因为你发现了一些容易被误读的东西)”可知，本段在说可以仔细检查下你发的信息，看是否有什么令人困惑的文本，或许只因某句话表述不清，对方压根就没理解到你想说什么！所以A项“Readoveryourpreviousmessages.(阅读你之前的信息)”符合文意。故选A项。【20题详解】根据前文“Putyourphoneaway.(把手机收起来)”以及后文“Don’tletitupsetorconfuseyou.Ifyougetyourmindoffanynotifications,you’llbeabletobrainstormnewwaystospendyourtime.(不要让它困扰或迷惑你。如果你不去想任何通知，你就能头脑风暴出新的打发时间的方法)”可知，本段主题是把手机放到一边，眼不见，心不烦。与其纠结为什么会被“已读不回”，不如放下手机，做些更有意义的事。所以C项“Keepitoutofsightandgetsomepeaceofmind.(把它放在你看不到的地方，让你的内心平静下来)”起到承上启下的作用，符合文意。故选C项。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ipulledoverandoneoftheboysstandingbytheroadaskedforsomewater.Myheart___21___whenIheardthis.InWilcannia,whereInowworkedasaprimaryschoolteacherwithasix-monthcontract,therewasadrought.Quickly___22___mycar,Igaveabottletothechildrenbeforesayinggoodbye.Momentslikethisremindedmejusthow___23___I’dcomefrommyoldlifeasateacherhundredsofkilometersawayinSydney.InmyfirstlessonwithYearSixImadea___24___forourclass:Mistakesareexpected,respectedandcorrected.Wepostedthisonthewallinmyclassroomasa___25___tostudents.Ihopeditwouldgivestudents___26___tokeepmovingforward.We___27___sowellthatbytheendofmonth-one,I___28___mycontracttoafullyearintheruralorremoteplace! Areal___29___washelpingwiththetown’sannualkids’fashionparade(游行).ButCOVIDpandemic___30___amovetoonlinelearning.SoI___31___studentstofilmvideosofthemselvessingingFromLittleThingsBigThingsGrow.Thechildren’sperformancewonwildapplause.And___32___IwasawardedMusicTeacheroftheYear.Thissortof___33___wassuchanhonour!Now,threeyearslater,I’m___34___inWilcannia.PeoplealwaysaskmehowlongIplantostayhere,andthencomesmy___35___reply:“Anotheryear.”21.A.sankB.beatC.meltedD.raced22.A.checkingB.searchingC.mendingD.parking23.A.fastB.soonC.longD.far24.A.decisionB.mottoC.changeD.plan25.A.reminderB.symbolC.giftD.picture26.A.experienceB.capacityC.confidenceD.signal27.A.bondedB.behavedC.reactedD.operated28.A.restrictedB.maintainedC.draftedD.extended29.A.chanceB.highlightC.loveD.routine30.A.addedB.ledC.keptD.saw31.A.expectedB.employedC.guidedD.troubled32.A.graduallyB.subsequentlyC.frequentlyD.temporarily33.A.recognitionB.impressionC.expressionD.appointment34.A.alreadyB.againC.stillD.also35.A.timelyB.typicalC.correctD.heartfelt【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.B25.A26.C27.A28.D29.B30.D31.C32.B33.A34.C35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在威尔坎尼亚教书，和学生关系很好，呆了三年还没离开的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：听到这些，我的心沉了下来。A.sank下沉；B.beat跳动；C.melted 融化；D.raced比赛。根据上文“Ipulledoverandoneoftheboysstandingbytheroadaskedforsomewater.(我把车停在路边，一个男孩站在路边要水喝)”以及“therewasadrought.”可知，作者听到男孩要水喝，内心沉重。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我迅速搜了一下我车，在告别之前给了孩子们一瓶水。A.checking检查；B.searching搜索；C.mending修理；D.parking停车。根据后文“mycar,Igaveabottletothechildren”可知，作者在车里寻找到一瓶水给男孩。故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这样的时刻提醒我，我从数百公里外悉尼的教师生活中走了出来。A.fast快速的；B.soon快；C.long长的；D.far远的。根据后文“I’dcomefrommyoldlifeasateacherhundredsofkilometersawayinSydney”可知，作者已经远离了过去的生活。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在六年级的第一节课上，我给我们班立了一个座右铭：错误是被期待的、被尊重的、被改正的。A.decision决定；B.motto座右铭；C.change改变；D.plan计划。根据后文“Mistakesareexpected,respectedandcorrected.Wepostedthisonthewall”可知这是一句班级座右铭。故选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们把这个贴在教室的墙上提醒学生们。A.reminder提醒物；B.symbol符号；C.gift礼物；D.picture图片。根据上文“Wepostedthisonthewall”可知，贴在墙上作为提醒物。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望这能给学生们继续前进的信心。A.experience经历；B.capacity能力；C.confidence自信；D.signal信号。根据后文“tokeepmovingforward”指这句话带给学生信心。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们关系很好，到第一个月底，我就把我在农村或偏远地区的合同延长了整整一年！A.bonded关系亲密；B.behaved行为；C.reacted反应；D.operated操作。后文提到作者延长了合同，说明和学生关系很好。故选A。【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们关系很好，到第一个月底，我就把我在农村或偏远地区的合同延长了整整一年！A.restricted限制；B.maintained维持；C.drafted设计；D.extended延长。根据后文“mycontracttoafullyearintheruralorremoteplace”指合同延长。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个真正的亮点是帮助镇上的年度儿童时尚游行。A.chance机会；B.highlight精彩部分；C.love爱；D.routine常规。根据后文“washelpingwiththetown’sannualkids’fashionparade”可知，年度儿童时尚游行是一个精彩部分。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但新冠肺炎大流行让人们转向在线学习。A.added增加；B.led导致；C.kept保持；D.saw看见。根据后文“amovetoonlinelearning”指新冠肺炎大流行让人们转向在线学习。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我引导学生们拍摄他们自己唱《从小事到大事》的视频。A.expected期待；B.employed雇佣；C.guided指导；D.troubled麻烦。根据上文“ButCOVIDpandemic_____amovetoonlinelearning.”后文“studentstofilmvideos”指引导学生拍摄视频。故选C。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：后来，我被评为年度音乐教师。A.gradually逐渐地；B.subsequently后来；C.frequently频繁地；D.temporarily暂时地。根据上文“Thechildren’sperformancewonwildapplause.(孩子们的表演赢得了热烈的掌声)”可知，后来，作者被评为年度音乐教师。故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种认可是如此的荣幸！A.recognition认可；B.impression印象；C.expression表达；D.appointment任命。结合上文“IwasawardedMusicTeacheroftheYear.”可知作者获了奖，即得到了认可。故选A。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：三年后，我还在威尔坎尼亚。A.already已经；B.again再次；C.still仍然；D.also也。根据后文“PeoplealwaysaskmehowlongIplantostayhere”可知，作者呆了三年，还在这里。故选C。【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们总是问我打算在这里呆多久，然后我由衷地回答：“再一年。”A.timely及时的；B.typical典型的；C.correct正确的；D.heartfelt由衷的。根据上文“PeoplealwaysaskmehowlongIplantostayhere”以及下文“Anotheryear.”可知，作者对这个问题由衷回答的是“再一年”。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。NationalGeographicexplorerPaulSalopekhasjusthikedacrossErlangMountaininSouthwestChina’sSichuanprovince.Thisisjustastartofhis___36___(ambition)planoftrekking(跋涉)inChina.Asatrekkerwithglobalfootprints,Salopekiscommittedtoexperiencingdifferentculturesallovertheworldand___37___(record)thelivesofpeopleheencountersonhisjourney.China,alargecountrywithdiversenaturalandhumanlandscapes,___38___(be)animportantstoponSalopek’sglobaltrek.StartinginSeptember2021,SalopeksetofffromYunnanprovinceand___39___(plan)towalkthroughmanyregions.“Myrouteisnotalwaystofamoustouristlandmarks,”saystheexplorer,wholikestovisitgrassrootsareas___40___(find)reallife.“Itcouldbesomeone’sdinnertable,___41___thesightofanoldethnicBaiweavingathome.”Becauseeverystepofthewayisnewtohim,Salopektriestokeepanopenmindabout___42___hecanseekmemorablethings.SalopekisalsowitnessingChina’sachievementsinthefieldsofecology,wildlifeconservation.“Ihikedacrossotherplaces___43___(empty)oftheirwildlifebyhumanbeings.TheGaoligongMountainsrepresentsachanceforcomfort,”Salopeksayswhilehikingacrossthemountains.Salopekisstillcurrently___44___theroad,walkingacrossChina,___45___journeyinChinaisbeingrecordedbyafilmcrewfora10-episodedocumentaryseriesentitledTheForeverWalk:China.【答案】36.ambitious37.recording38.is39.planned40.tofind41.or42.where43.emptied44.on45.whose 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了国家地理探险家保罗·萨罗派克的中国之旅。【36题详解】考查形容词。句意：这只是他雄心勃勃的中国徒步旅行计划的开始。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词plan，所以应该填形容词，作定语，修饰名词，ambition的形容词形式是ambitious。故填ambitious。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名足迹遍布全球的徒步旅行者，Salopek致力于体验世界各地不同的文化，并记录他在旅途中遇到的人们的生活。分析句子结构，根据空前的and可知，空处和前文的experiencing并列，所以空处也用动名词形式。故填recording。【38题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：中国是一个自然和人文景观多样的大国，是萨罗佩克环球旅行的重要一站。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以be动词做本句谓语，主语是China，为第三人称单数，描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时。故填is。【39题详解】考查时态。句意：2021年9月，萨罗佩克从云南省出发，计划徒步穿越多个地区。分析句子结构，根据空前的and可知，空处和空前的set的并列，一起做并列谓语，根据时间状语inSeptember2021可知，用一般过去时。故填planned。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位探险家说，他喜欢去基层地区寻找真实的生活。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词likes，所以find应用非谓语形式，根据句意可知，此处是表目的，作目的状语，应该用不定式形式。故填tofind。【41题详解】考查连词。句意：它可能是某人的餐桌，也可能是一个白族老人在家编织的景象。分析句子结构可知，根据句意可知，空处前后两句是并列关系，并且表示的是可能性，应该用or意为“或者”连接。故填or【42题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：因为每一步对他来说都是新的，Salopek试图保持开放的心态去寻找值得纪念的东西。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词或者that引导，根据句意，缺少地点状语，应该用where引导。故填where。 【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我徒步穿越其他地方，那里野生动物被人类清空了。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词hiked，所以empty应用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是places，两者间是被动关系，应该用过去分词表被动。故填emptied。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：萨罗佩克目前仍在路上，行走在中国，他在中国的旅程被一个电影摄制组记录下来，拍摄了一部10集的纪录片，名为《永远的行走：中国》。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：ontheroad意为“在路上”符合题意。故填on。【45题详解】考查定语从句。句意：萨罗佩克目前仍在路上，行走在中国，他在中国的旅程被一个电影摄制组记录下来，拍摄了一部10集的纪录片，名为《永远的行走：中国》。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Salopek，关系词在从句作定语，所以应用whose引导。故填whose。第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是校英语报ColourfulCampus新栏目“ReadClassicsLearnEnglish”的编辑李华，请给外教Caroline写封电子邮件向她约稿。内容包括：1.栏目介绍；2.稿件要求。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearCaroline,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours,LiHua【答案】DearCaroline,IamtheeditorofourEnglishpaperColourfulCampus.It’sanhonorformetoinviteyoutocontributetoournewcolumnReadClassicsLearnEnglish.Thecolumnistoarousethestudents’interestinreadingclassicsandimprovetheirEnglish.Asourdistinguishedforeignlanguageteacher,yoursuggestionsonthetopicabovewillbenefitusalot.Moreover,yourarticleshallbewithin800words.AnditwillbebetterifIhaveyourarticlebeforeFebruary1.Yourearlyreplywouldbeappreciated.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外教Caroline写封电子邮件，为校英语报ColourfulCampus新栏目“ReadClassicsLearnEnglish”向她约稿。【详解】1.词汇积累建议：suggestion→advice而且：Moreover→What’smore受益：benefit→profit答复：reply→response2.句式拓展简单句变为复合句原句：IamtheeditorofourEnglishpaperColourfulCampus.拓展句：IamLiHua,whoistheeditorofourEnglishpaperColourfulCampus.【点睛】[高分句型1]It’sanhonorformetoinviteyoutocontributetoournewcolumnReadClassicsLearnEnglish.(运用了it作形式主语，真正主语为不定式的非谓语动词结构)[高分句型2]AnditwillbebetterifIhaveyourarticlebeforeFebruary1.(运用了if引导的条件主语从句)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Itwasanearlywintermorning.Joanwassleepingsoundlywhenthephoneranginthelivingroom.Sherolledoverandglancedattheclockonthewall—itwasalreadynineo’clock.Everyweekendmorning,hermotherhadtoworkpart-timeinthecafe.AlthoughJoanwasstillsleepy,sheknewshehadtogetup.Afterall,shedidn’texpectherbrotherMike,whowassleepinglikealog,tohearthephone.Shequietlywentovertothelivingroom.Whenshepickedupthereceiver,ontheotherendcamethewarmheartedgreetings,“Goodmorning,myDear!”Recognizingthevoicefromherfather,Joanwasimmediatelysurroundedbyasenseofjoyandthesleepinesssweptaway.Joan’sfatherwasaseaman,whorarelycameback.Workingontheseawasreallyhard.Borninanot-richfamily,JoanandMikefeltthestressoflifebuttheywerehappytoenjoythefamilyatmosphere.Atschool,theywerestraight-Astudentsthroughouttheacademiccareerandactivelyinvolvedinschoolactivities.Theybecametheprideoftheschoolandtheenvyofthestudents.“Goodmorning,Dad,what’sup?”Joansaidinaneasytone.“Ihavebeenverynicerecently,mybaby.Todayisyourmother’sbirthday,andIhaveorderedheracakeonlineanditshouldcometothehouseinoneandhalfanhour.Doremembertotakethecake.”Hearingherfather’swords,Joanfeltalittleashamed.HowshecouldforgetMum’sbirthday!Shetookaglanceatthedirtyclothespiledonthesofaandtheoilyfloorthathadn’tbeenmopped(拖地)forafewdays—Therewastwohoursbeforehermothercameback.ShecalculatedtheyhadenoughtimetoprepareasurpriseforMum.Thinkingofthis,shefeltfullofexcitement.“Well,Dad,nowI’mgoingtowakeMikeup.WewillgiveMumasurprise!”JoanhungupthephonewithDad,andhurriedlywenttoMike’sroomtosharehimherBigCleaningplan.AfterlisteningtoJoan,Mikereadilyacceptedheridea.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。TheBigCleaningplanbegan. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Withthecakeplacedonthetable,Mumcamein.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】TheBigCleaningplanbegan.Joancollectedtheclothesfromsofaandthenputtheminthewaterofabasin.Afterpouringinsomewashingliquids,shebegantowashthembyhand.Realizingtheclotheswerecleanenough,Joangentlysqueezedwateroutandhungthemtodry.Meanwhile,Mikewasbusymoppingthefloorbackandforthwithallhisstrength,reallyawareofwhathardworkhisMumhadathome!Theyhadjustfinishedthecleaningwhentheexpressboycametothedoor.Withthecakeplacedonthetable,Mumcamein.“Happybirthday,Mum!”,theygreetedinchorus.Confusedandsurprised,Mumstoodfrozen.WhenMumrealizedwhathadhappened,awarmcurrentroseinherheart.Staringatthecleanfloorandthewashedclothes,shecouldhardlycontainherexcitementandhuggedthemtightly,“ItisthebestbirthdaygiftIhaveeverhad!”Mumsaidemotionally.JustthenJoantookouthersmartphoneandtookahappyvideonamedMum’sBirthdayandsentittoDad.【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Joan在爸爸的提醒下想起来妈妈的生日，于是和弟弟一起为妈妈准备了生日惊喜。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“大扫除计划开始了。”可知，第一段可描写Joan和弟弟是如何大扫除的。②由第二段首句内容“蛋糕放在桌上，妈妈走了进来。”可知，第二段可描写妈妈看到Joan和弟弟大扫除以及收到蛋糕后的心理感受。 2.续写线索：Joan和弟弟在周末的早晨熟睡——Joan接到爸爸的电话，得知今天是妈妈的生日——Joan决定和弟弟一起给妈妈一个惊喜——Joan和弟弟将家里进行了大扫除——妈妈回来后看到这一切很感动，觉得这是最好的生日礼物3.词汇激活行为类①开始：begin/start②控制：contain/control③完成：finish/complete情绪类①困惑的：confused/perplexed②惊讶的：surprised/astonished/stunned【点睛】【高分句型1】Meanwhile,Mikewasbusymoppingthefloorbackandforthwithallhisstrength,reallyawareofwhathardworkhisMumhadathome!（本句运用了what引导的宾语从句）【高分句型2】WhenMumrealizedwhathadhappened,awarmcurrentroseinherheart.（本句运用了when引导的状语从句和what引导的宾语从句）