浙江省宁波市九校2022-2023学年高一英语上学期期末联考试题（Word版含解析）

浙江省宁波市九校2022-2023学年高一上学期期末联考英语试题第Ⅰ卷第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howlongdidthemanspendontheexam?A.Halfanhour.B.Anhour.C.Twohours.2.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Goshopping.B.Buyanewphone.C.Calltheman’sfriend.3.Whywasthemanlate?A.Hisalarmdidn’tring.B.Hehadatrafficaccident.C.Hiscarbrokedownhalfway.4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inanoffice.B.Atthewoman’shome.C.Inaclassroom.5.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoing?A.Havingtwoholidays.B.Visitingtwoplaces.C.Goingfortwodays.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatisthewomanmostlikelypreparingfor?A.Aswimmingrace.B.Afootballmatch.C.Arunningcompetition.7.Howdoesthemanprobablyfeel?A.Excited.B.Worried.C.Struck.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhatdidPatdolastmonth?A.Hedeliveredaspeech. B.Heboughtsomeclothes.C.Hegaveawaysomehandmadeitems.9.WhatistheintentionofPat’sspeech?A.Tocallonpeopletoreducewaste.B.Toencouragepeopletodonateclothes.C.Tomakepeopleliveacomfortablelife.10.Howdoesthemansoundattheendoftheconversation?A.Shocked.B.Admiring.C.Lost.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.Toreserveaflight.B.Togetsomeinformation.C.Tobookataxi.12.Howwillthewomanpay?A.Incash.B.Bycheck.C.Bycreditcard.13.Whatdayisittoday?A.Sunday.B.Saturday.C.Friday.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatisthewomanlikelytodoaftergraduation?A.Getajobinthecurrentcity.B.Findajobinherhometown.C.Startabusinessinherhometown.15.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Workasatourguide.B.Pickupotherlanguages.C.Makethedecisionrightnow.16.Whichyearofcollegearethespeakersin?A.Thefourthyear.B.Thethirdyear.C.Thefirstyear.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdidthedoctortellthegirl?A.Shewastoofat.B.Sheneededtorelax.C.Shehadhealthproblems.18.Whatisthewoman’sweightnow?A.100pounds.B.230pounds.C.320pounds.19.Whatdidthewomandotoloseweightmostprobably?A.Eatnosweetfood.B.Useweight-lossproducts.C.Runforonehoureveryday.20.Whatisthewoman’ssecrettolosingweight?A.Doingitbyherself.B.Knowingwhatsheisdoing.C.Keepingtryingtoloseweight.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AEuropeisoneofthebesttravellingoptionsforeveryone.It’srichinculture,andeverycountryisdistinctinbeauty.Ifyouwanttoknowmoreaboutthehistoryandgetthebestculturalexperience,thesearetheplaceswhereyoushouldtravelto!ViennaViennaisacultural,economicandpoliticalcenter.Itisknownasthecityofmusicandthecityofdreams,beinganimportantplaceforBeethovenandSigmundFreud.It’salsoconsideredoneoftheworld’smostlivablecities,wherethequalityoflifeishigh.BerlinBerlin,thecapitalofGermany,istheplaceofculture,politics,mediaandscience.Itholdsalonghistory,andyoucanlearnmanythingsaboutthecity’scontributionstothewholeworld.TravellinginBerlin isquiteeasy.Youareprovidedwithtrains,trams,busesandthemetro,andyoucanalsouseabiketogetfromoneplacetoanother.AmsterdamThecapitaloftheNetherlands,Amsterdam,isknownforthenumberofcanalsthatarepartoftheUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.ThegoodthingaboutAmsterdamisthatyoucanvisititbybike,asithasoneofthebestnetworksofcycleroutesintheworld.BrusselsThecapitalofBelgium,Brussels,isfullofculturalevents,beingoneofthemostinternationalcitiesinEuropeandatimemachineatthesametime.Beingarelativelysmallcity,youcanvisitmanyplacesinoneday.Belgiumisalsoknownforthemostdeliciouschocolateandthebestbeerintheworld,soyoudefinitelyneedtohaveataste.1.Whichcitybestsuitsmusiclovers?A.ViennaB.BerlinC.AmsterdamD.Brussels2.WhatdoBerlinandAmsterdamshareincommon?A.Theyarebothrelativelysmall.B.Theyarebothfriendlytocyclists.CTheyareknownforUNESCOheritagesites.D.Theyareamongtheworld’smostlivablecities.3.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Anewsreport.B.Atraveljournal.C.Anencyclopedia.D.Atravelbrochure.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇应用文。欧洲是每个人最好的旅行选择之一。本文主要介绍了四个适合旅游的欧洲城市。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Vienna部分“Itisknownasthecityofmusicandthecityofdreams,beinganimportantplaceforBeethovenandSigmundFreud.(它被称为音乐之城和梦想之城，是贝多芬和西格蒙德·弗洛伊德的重要场所。)”可知，维也纳最适合音乐爱好者。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Berlin部分“Youareprovidedwithtrains,trams,busesandthemetro,andyoucanalsouseabiketogetfromoneplacetoanother.(我们为您提供火车、电车、公共汽车和地铁，您还可以使用自行车从一个地方到另一个地方。)”和Amsterdam部分“ThegoodthingaboutAmsterdamisthatyoucanvisititbybike,asithasoneofthebestnetworksofcycleroutesintheworld.(阿姆斯特丹的好处是你可以骑自行车游览，因为它拥有世界上最好的自行车路线网络之一。)”可知，柏林和阿姆斯特丹都有利于骑自行车的人。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。本文主要介绍了维也纳、柏林、阿姆斯特丹和布鲁塞尔这四个适合旅游的欧洲城市。故本文可能来自旅游手册。故选D。BAnnettePrincemovesquicklyinthepre-dawnlight,lookingcarefullyatthebaseofeachbuildingshepassesindowntownChicago.Shefindsawarbler(莺)sittingontheground,uprightbutdazed(恍惚).Thenshetrapsitwithanet.“Itprobablyhitoneoftheupperfloors,”saysMs.Prince,avolunteertoprotectbirdsfromstrikingglasswindows. “It’salittleweak.”She’lltakeittotherescuecenter.Thewarblerisfortunate. Inthebattlebetweenbirdsandcities,citiesarewinning.Scientistssuggestthatcrashingintobuildingskillsasmanyas 1billionbirdsayearinthe UnitedStates. Thelightfromever-expandingcitiesismakingitdifficultforthemovementofcreaturesthatmigrate(迁徙)inthedark.Andthepreferenceforglassinbuildingshasproveddeadly.Therearegrowingeffortstomakecitiessaferforbirds.LightsOutprograms,inwhichownersandmanagersagreetoturnoffoutdoorlightsduringmigrationtimes,havespreadto45U.S.cities.Architectsarelearninghowtomakebuildingsbird-friendlybyusingspeciallytreatedglassthatbirdscansee.Moreactivistsareaskinghomeownerstoconsidertheirownwindowsaswell.Theissueisfarmorethanbirds.“Itconcernsaneedtoreducethehumaninfluenceonthenaturalworldinanageofhabitatdestructionandclimatechange,”saysAndrewFarnsworth, abirdexpertintheUniversityofChicago.“Thefactthatarchitectsandbuildersareusingbird-friendlytechnologyisapositive,”hesays.“Butit’snothappeningasfastasitneedstobe.”4.WhatwasAnnettePrincedoingatpre-dawn?A.Tolookforthewarbler.B.Tosearchforinjuredbirds.C.Tocheckthesafetyofthebuilding.D.Tomakepreparationstotrapa warbler.5.Whyisthewarblerfortunate?A.Itwasrescuedbyavolunteer.B.Itwonthebattleagainstcities.C.Itprobablyhitoneoftheupperfloors.D.It’spreventedfromstrikingglasswindows.6.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.ThespreadofLightsOutprograms.B.Thearchitectsandactivistsprotectingbirds.C.Thebird-friendlybuildingsusingspecialglass.D.Themeasurestakentomakecitiessaferforbirds.7WhatcanbeinferredfromAndrewFarnsworth’swords?A.Bird-friendlytechnologyhasnottakeneffect.B.Measurestakentoprotectbirdsareprettyenough.C.Themassdeathofbirdsisrelatedtohumanactivities.D.Architectsandbuildersarepositiveaboutbirdprotection.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。每年，大量鸟类因撞击建筑物而死亡。越来越多的城市正努力使建筑对鸟类友好。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一自然段“AnnettePrincemovesquicklyinthepre-dawnlight,lookingcarefullyatthebaseofeachbuildingshepassesindowntownChicago.(安妮特·普林斯在黎明前的灯光下快速移动，仔细观察她在芝加哥市中心经过的每一栋建筑的底部。)”和第二自然段““Itprobablyhitoneoftheupperfloors,”saysMs.Prince,avolunteertoprotectbirdsfromstrikingglasswindows.(“它可能撞到了上面的一层，”普林斯女士说，她是一名保护鸟类免受玻璃窗撞击的志愿者。)”可知，安妮特·普林斯在寻找受伤的鸟。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二自然段““It’salittleweak.”She’lltakeittotherescuecenter.(“它有点虚弱。”她会把它送到救援中心。)”可知，这只莺被一名志愿者营救，所以它是幸运的。故选A。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四自然段“Therearegrowingeffortstomakecitiessaferforbirds.(越来越多的努力使城市对鸟类更加安全。)”可知，本段主要讲述城市为保护鸟类所做出的努力。故选D。 【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Itconcernsaneedtoreducethehumaninfluenceonthenaturalworldinanageofhabitatdestructionandclimatechange,”saysAndrewFarnsworth,abirdexpertintheUniversityofChicago.(芝加哥大学鸟类专家安德鲁·法恩斯沃思（AndrewFarnsworth）表示：“在栖息地遭到破坏和气候变化的时代，需要减少人类对自然世界的影响。”)”可知，安德鲁·法恩斯沃思认为鸟类的大量死亡与人类活动有关。故选C。CMyfirstgoal:trynottolooksoscared.Itsoundseasy,butitactuallytookquiteafewtriesbeforeIcouldrelaxfromthemouthopen,eyeswideexpressionthatbeingonrollerskatesgaveme.ButnotlookingscaredwassomethingIknewIcouldachieveandhelpedmestickwiththepainfullyembarrassingandexcitingprocessoftryingtolearntorollerskate.Ipickeduprollerskatingattheendof2021.Ihavethrownmyselfintothishobbywholeheartedly,inawaythatsurprisesmesometimes.Itfeelsalotlikelove.Thatsaid,itdidtakemeawhiletogetcomfortableonskates,andasanadult,I’mnotusedtofeelingthatawkwardinmybody.Igotreallyfamiliarwithpickingmyselfoffthefloor.Iskatedafewtimesasakid,butneverenoughtogetgood.Sostartingasagrown-up,withgrown-upknees,Iwasverycareful.Isignedupfor onlineclasses.Inskateclass,theytaughtmetowearprotectivegear(用具),toclapwhensomeonefalls,andtoencouragethem.Fallingmeansyou’retrying,andeveryonefallsinskating.Thatpossibledangeralmostmakesitmorefun,thelittlethrillofpossibilitythatyoumightfall,alikelihoodwhenyoufirststartoutthatgraduallydecreasesthemoreyoupractice—butnevertozero.I’vebeenskatingforalmostayearnow,andIdon’tlooksoscaredonwheelsanymore.I’vemadealotofprogress.TheotherdayIjoyfullyskatedpastanolderwomanontherinkandshesaid,almostunderherbreath,“Mygoalistoskatelikeyou.”Itriedtocontainmypride.“Keepatit!”Iyelledovermyshoulder.Afewminuteslater,Itripped,fell,quicklypickedmyselfup,andthenkeptatit.8.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhensherollerskatedatfirst?A.Surprised.B.Confident.C.Scared.D.Relaxed.9.Whatmakesrollerskatingfeellikelove?A.Yougetfamiliarwithit.B.Ittakesawhiletogetcomfortable.C.Itmakesyoufeelawkward.D.Youthrowyourselfintoitwholeheartedly.10.Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromskateclass?A.Encouragepeoplewhentheyfall.B.Keeppracticingandyouwillnotfall.C.Fallingmakespeoplemakefunofyou. D.Becarefulbeforeyousignupforanyclasses.11.Whichofthefollowingcanreplace“tripped”inthelastparagraph?A.madeatrip.B.movedfast.C.lostmybalance.D.keptskating.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者作为成年人，坚持学习滑冰，战胜恐惧，学会滑冰的故事。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一自然段“Myfirstgoal:trynottolooksoscared.Itsoundseasy,butitactuallytookquiteafewtriesbeforeIcouldrelaxfromthemouthopen,eyeswideexpressionthatbeingonrollerskatesgaveme.(我的第一个目标：尽量不要看起来那么害怕。这听起来很简单，但事实上，我花了好几次的努力，才能从穿旱冰鞋给我的张开嘴巴、睁大眼睛的表情中放松下来。)”可知，作者一开始滑旱冰时感到很害怕。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二自然段“Ihavethrownmyselfintothishobbywholeheartedly,inawaythatsurprisesmesometimes.Itfeelsalotlikelove.(我全身心地投入到这个爱好中，有时会让我感到惊讶。感觉很像爱。)”可知，滑冰感觉像爱情，因为它们都需要全身心地投入其中。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三自然段“Inskateclass,theytaughtmetowearprotectivegear(用具),toclapwhensomeonefalls,andtoencouragethem.Fallingmeansyou’retrying,andeveryonefallsinskating.(在滑冰课上，他们教我穿防护装备，当有人摔倒时鼓掌，并鼓励他们。摔倒意味着你在努力，每个人都会在滑冰中摔倒。)”可知，作者从滑冰课上学到了当人们跌倒时鼓励他们。故选A。【11题详解】词义猜测题。根据最后一段划线词后面的“fell,quicklypickedmyselfup,andthenkeptatit.(摔倒了，很快爬起来，然后继续坚持。)”可知，作者先tripped，然后摔倒，再爬起来。A.madeatrip.旅行；B.movedfast.快速移动；C.lostmybalance.失去平衡；D.keptskating.继续滑冰。所以tripped意为“失去平衡”。故选C。DLanguagesaroundtheworldcontinuetodisappearatanalarmingrate.AccordingtotheUNESCOAtlasofLanguagesinDanger,thereare6,700languagesspokenintheworld,40percentofwhichareindangerofdisappearing.AndthemajorityunderthreatarelanguagesspokenbyIndigenous(本土的)peoplesaroundtheworld. WhenanIndigenouslanguageislost,notonlydowelosetheknowledgebuiltupbythecommunityofitsspeakers,butalsotheworld’sculturalandbiological(生物学的)diversityisendangered.Forexample,wheretherearemostspeciesofplantsandanimal,therearemostlanguagesspoken.Whenanewspeciesis“discovered”byscientists,youcanbetyourbottomdollarthatthenativepeoplelivinginthatareawouldalreadyhavehadanameforthatspeciesandbehighlyknowledgeableaboutit.Theselanguagesarebiologicalencyclopedias,andiftheyarenolongerspoken,thiswisdomandunderstandingislosttohumanityforever.“Wehumanbeingsshouldcareaboutindigenouslanguagesinthesamewayasweshouldcareaboutthelossoftheworld’svarietyofplantsandanimals,itsbiodiversity,”StevenPinker,arespectedlinguistandHarvardProfessor,said.Fortunately,effortsarebeingmadetobringattentiontoandpreservetheselanguages,alongwiththeculturalandbiologicaldiversitytheyrepresent.Andeducationisattheheartoftheidea.TheUnitedNationshasdeclared2019asTheInternationalYearofIndigenousLanguagessoastoraiseawareness,andtoteachthosewhohaven’tbeenawareofthecontributionstheycanmake.Similarly,UNESCO’sInternationalFundforCulturalDiversityisprovidingmoneytoeducationalprojectsinthehopeofbringingIndigenouslanguageandknowledgeintoschool.12.Howdoestheauthorshowtheseriousnessoftheprobleminparagraph1?A.Bymakingacomparison.B.Bylistingnumbers.C.Byquotingafamousperson.D.Byprovidingexamples.13.Whyshouldwepreserveindigenouslanguages?A.Theyhelpscientistsfindnewspecies.B.Manyofthemareatriskofdyingout.C.Peoplespeakingtheselanguagesaremoreknowledgeable.D.Theycontributetotheculturalandbiologicaldiversity.14.WhatistheintentionofTheInternationalYearofIndigenousLanguages?A.Toeducatepeopletoprotectindigenouslanguages.B.Topromotepeople’sawarenessoftheUnitedNations.C.Tobringindigenouslanguageandknowledgeintoschool.D.Tocelebratethesuccessofindigenouslanguageprotection.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.LanguagesandBiodiversityB.IndigenousLanguagesExplainedC.PreservingIndigenousLanguagesD.TheLossofIndigenousLanguages【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。世界各地的语言继续以惊人的速度消失。受到威胁的大多数是世界各地土著人民使用的语言。当一种土著语言消失时，我们不仅会失去其使用者群体所积累的知识，而且世界的文化和生物多样性也会受到威胁。幸运的是，人们正在努力关注和保护这些语言，以及它们所代表的文化和生物多样性。 12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一自然段“Languagesaroundtheworldcontinuetodisappearatanalarmingrate.AccordingtotheUNESCOAtlasofLanguagesinDanger,thereare6,700languagesspokenintheworld,40percentofwhichareindangerofdisappearing.(世界各地的语言继续以惊人的速度消失。根据联合国教科文组织《濒危语言地图集》，世界上有6700种语言，其中40%有消失的危险。)”可知，作者在第1段中通过列出数字来表明问题的严重性。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二自然段“WhenanIndigenouslanguageislost,notonlydowelosetheknowledgebuiltupbythecommunityofitsspeakers,butalsotheworld’sculturalandbiological(生物学的)diversityisendangered…Theselanguagesarebiologicalencyclopedias,andiftheyarenolongerspoken,thiswisdomandunderstandingislosttohumanityforever.(当一种土著语言消失时，我们不仅会失去其使用者群体所积累的知识，而且世界的文化和生物多样性也会受到威胁……这些语言是生物百科全书，如果不再使用，人类将永远失去这种智慧和理解。)”可知，我们要保留土著语言是因为它们有助于文化和生物多样性。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“TheUnitedNationshasdeclared2019asTheInternationalYearofIndigenousLanguagessoastoraiseawareness,andtoteachthosewhohaven’tbeenawareofthecontributionstheycanmake.(联合国宣布2019年为国际土著语言年，以提高人们的认识，并向那些还没有意识到自己所能做出贡献的人传授知识。)”可知，国际土著语言年的目的是教育人们保护土著语言。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一自然段“AndthemajorityunderthreatarelanguagesspokenbyIndigenous(本土的)peoplesaroundtheworld.(受到威胁的大多数是世界各地土著人民使用的语言。)”和第二自然段第一句“WhenanIndigenouslanguageislost,notonlydowelosetheknowledgebuiltupbythecommunityofitsspeakers,butalsotheworld’sculturalandbiological(生物学的)diversityisendangered.(当一种土著语言消失时，我们不仅会失去其使用者群体所积累的知识，而且世界的文化和生物多样性也会受到威胁。)”以及第三自然段第一句“Fortunately,effortsarebeingmadetobringattentiontoandpreservetheselanguages,alongwiththeculturalandbiologicaldiversitytheyrepresent.(幸运的是，人们正在努力关注和保护这些语言，以及它们所代表的文化和生物多样性。)”可知，本文首先介绍世界各地土著人民使用的语言受到更大威胁，然后指出土著语言消失对世界的文化和生物多样性带来的威胁，最后讲到人们为保护这些语言所做出的努力。C项“PreservingIndigenousLanguages(保护土著语言)”最能概括本文主旨，适合作本文标题。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TipsofEffectiveTeaDrinkingDrinkingteahasbecomeanimportantpartoftealovers’dailylife.____16____Itrefreshesthemind,clearsheatwithinthehumanbodyandhelpspeopleloseweight.Asyouaddacupofteatoyourdailyroutine,pleasecheckthefollowingtipswhichhelpyouenjoyyourteaexperiencetothefullest.AvoidDrinkingExtremelyHotTea.Weoftenputteainhigh-temperaturewater.____17____Somestudieshavefoundthatdrinkingteaover69℃willcausedamagetoyourstomach.60℃isthemostpreferredtemperaturewhichisagreedbylotsofscholarsandtealovers.KeepYourTeaLight.____18____Itcaneasilycauseheadachesandinsomnia(失眠)aswellasstomachproblems,sobesurenottoaddtoomanytealeavesorbrew(煮)ittoolongorintoohotofwater,sothatitwillnotbeover-brewed.DrinkTeainBetweenMeals. Donotdrinkteasoonafterorbeforemeals.Ifyoudrinktoomuchteabeforeameal,itwillnotonlycausethefoodtofeeltasteless,butwillalsopreventtheabsorptionofproteininthebody.____19____So,itissuggestedthatthebesttimetodrinkteaisbetweenmeals.____20____TeacontainslargeamountofTannin,whichwillreactwithcertainelementsinthemedicine,thusreducemedicaleffects.Therefore,it’sbettertowaitatleastanhouraftertakingthedrugsbeforedrinkingtea.A.DoNotDrinkwithMedication.B.Itoffersnumeroushealthbenefits.C.Thesameruleappliestodrinkingteaafterameal.D.It’sbettertowaitatleastahalfmonthbeforedrinking.E.However,extremelyhotwaterwillhurtyourthroatandstomach.F.Butdrinkingteainimproperwayscanbringnegativeeffectsonhealth.G.Takingyourteatoostrongwillmaketheteacontaintoomuch caffeinecaffeine.【答案】16.B17.E18.G19.C20.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有效喝茶的技巧。【16题详解】根据上文“Drinkingteahasbecomeanimportantpartoftealovers’dailylife.(喝茶已经成为茶爱好者日常生活的重要组成部分。)”以及后文“Itrefreshesthemind,clearsheatwithinthehumanbodyandhelpspeopleloseweight.(它能提神醒脑，清除人体内的热量，帮助人们减肥。)”谈到的喝茶具体的好处可知，空格处应承上启下。B项“Itoffersnumeroushealthbenefits.(它提供了许多健康益处。)”承上启下，符合语境。故选B。 【17题详解】根据本段主旨句“AvoidDrinkingExtremelyHotTea.(避免喝滚烫的茶。)”可知，本段主要讲要避免喝滚烫的茶。根据上文“Weoftenputteainhigh-temperaturewater.(我们经常把茶放在高温水中。)”可知，空格处应转折，引出喝滚烫的茶不好。E项“However,extremelyhotwaterwillhurtyourthroatandstomach.(然而，热水会伤害你的喉咙和胃。)”符合语境。故选E。【18题详解】根据本段主旨句“KeepYourTeaLight.(保持茶的清淡。)”可知，本段主要讲要保持茶的清淡。根据下文“Itcaneasilycauseheadachesandinsomnia(失眠)aswellasstomachproblems…(它很容易引起头痛和失眠(失眠)还有胃部问题……)”可知，空处应出现It的指代对象。G项“Takingyourteatoostrongwillmaketheteacontaintoomuch caffeine.(喝太浓的茶会使茶中含有太多咖啡因。)”中Takingyourteatoostrong为下文It的指代对象，且与主旨句中的Light意思相对，符合语境。故选G。【19题详解】根据本段主旨句“DrinkTeainBetweenMeals.(餐间喝茶。)”可知，本段主要讲述要在餐间喝茶。根据下文“So,itissuggestedthatthebesttimetodrinkteaisbetweenmeals.(因此，建议喝茶的最佳时间是两餐之间。)”可知，空格处与下文构成因果关系。上文“Ifyoudrinktoomuchteabeforeameal,itwillnotonlycausethefoodtofeeltasteless,butwillalsopreventtheabsorptionofproteininthebody.(如果你在饭前喝了太多的茶，不仅会使食物感觉无味，还会阻止体内蛋白质的吸收。)”讲到在餐前喝茶。C项“Thesameruleappliestodrinkingteaafterameal.(同样的规则也适用于饭后喝茶。)”承上启下，符合语境。故选C。【20题详解】空格处为本段主旨句。根据下文“Therefore,it’sbettertowaitatleastanhouraftertakingthedrugsbeforedrinkingtea.(因此，最好在服药后至少等一个小时再喝茶。)”可知，本段主要讲述不要将茶与药物一起饮用。A项“DoNotDrinkwithMedication.(不要与药物一起饮用。)”最能概括本段主旨。故选A。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Windshowled.Branchesshook.Rainpoureddown.Aboyfound___21___underatree.Thenhenoticedacathidingunderabush.Thecatmeowedandraisedapaw(爪)___22___callinghimover.Theboyracedthroughtherainandtookthecat.Justthen,lightning___23___thetree.Whentherainstopped,theboyhurriedhome,withthecatinhisarms.Hismothersawthecat. “Notanothermouthto___24___!”shesaid,___25___herhead.“Thiscatsavedmylife,”theboybegged.“PleasemayI___26___it?”Hismotherinsisted,“Wehave___27___enoughfoodforourselves.Itmustgo.”Theboywatchedsadlyasthecatwalkedawayanddisappearedfrom___28___.Thenextday,theboylookedforthecatwhenhewentfishing.Butthere’snocat.Andhehadn’tcaughtany___29___.Whatwouldheandhismothereatfordinner?Thatafternoon,theboycreatedaclay(黏土)catwitha____30____pawtolooklikethecatthathadsavedhislife.Hedisplayeditinthefrontwindow.Amanstoppedtobuyit.Theboydidn’twantto____31____anothercat.Butwiththatmoney,hecouldbuyricefordinner.Themanleftwiththecat,andtheboyrushedtotheshop.Dayfollowedday.Eachday,theboywatchedforthecat.Whilehe____32____,hemadeanotherclaycat.Eachday,apasser-bystoppedtobuytheclaycat.Andthenoneday,thecat____33____,withalargefishinitsmouth.Atdinner,the____34____ofbakingfishfillingthehouse,theboyaskedagain,“PleasemayIkeepit?”Thistimehismother____35____andsmiled,“thisisagood-luckcat.”21.A.shelterB.homeC.warmthD.comfort22.A.ratherthanB.evenifC.despiteD.asif23.A.beatB.shookC.struckD.lighted24.A.feedB.comeC.talkD.bring25.A.noddingB.shakingC.hangingD.turning26.A.leaveB.bringC.takeD.keep27.A.strangelyB.prettyC.hardlyD.likely28.A.roadB.sightC.siteD.scenery29.A.fishB.foodC.luckD.meal30.A.wavedB.loweredC.feltD.raised31.A.leaveB.sellC.loseD.miss32.A.watchedB.thoughtC.lookedD.waited33.A.recoveredB.reappearedC.remainedD.revived34.A.bonesB.smellC.contentsD.voice35.A.protestedB.recognizedC.agreedD.intended【答案】21.A22.D23.C24.A25.B26.D27.C28.B29.A30.D31.C32.A33.B34.B35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了下雨天一只猫救了一个男孩，男孩想留下这只猫，但是他妈妈不同意。他很难过地放走了这只猫。后来失而复得，并且这只猫总是能给他们家带来鱼。【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个男孩在树下找到避雨处。A.shelter避难所；遮蔽，庇护；B.home家；C.warmth温暖；D.comfort舒适。根据上文“Rainpoureddown.”可以推断出男孩是在树下找到避雨处。故选A。【22题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：猫喵喵叫着，举起一只爪子，好像在叫他过来。A.ratherthan而不是；B.evenif即使；C.despite尽管；D.asif好像。根据句意可知，此处指“猫喵喵叫着，举起一只爪子，好像在叫他过来”。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，闪电击中了树。A.beat打败；B.shook动摇；发抖；C.struck袭击；D.lighted照亮。根据下文““Thiscatsavedmylife,””可知，男孩在树下躲雨，这只猫叫男孩过来救了他的命，使他免受闪电的袭击。所以，此处指闪电击中了树。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“别再喂一张嘴了！”她摇着头说。A.feed喂养；B.come来；C.talk谈论；D.bring带来。根据下文““Wehave___7___enoughfoodforourselves.”可知，男孩的妈妈因为家里没有足够的食物拒绝了男孩的请求。所以，此处指不要再喂养一张嘴了。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.nodding点头；B.shaking动摇；发抖；C.hanging悬挂；D.turning转动；旋转。根据下文““Wehave___7___enoughfoodforourselves.Itmustgo.””可知，男孩的妈妈拒绝了男孩的请求，所以是摇头。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我可以留着它吗？A.leave离开；B.bring带来；C.take拿；采取；D.keep保留。根据下文“Itmustgo.”可知，男孩请求妈妈，他想留着这只猫。故选D。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他的母亲坚持说，“我们几乎没有足够的食物吃了。”A.strangely奇怪地；B.pretty相当；C.hardly几乎不；D.likely可能。根据下文“Itmustgo.”可知，妈妈说他们自己没有足够的食物吃，所以让猫离开。故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：男孩伤心地看着猫走开，消失在视线之外。A.road道路；B.sight视线；C.site地址；D.scenery风景。根据上文“thecatwalkedawayanddisappeared”可知，猫离开了，消失在视线之外。故选B。【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他没有钓到鱼。A.fish鱼；B.food食物；C.luck运气；D.meal餐。根据下文“Whatwouldheandhismothereatfordinner?”可知，男孩没有钓到鱼。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天下午，男孩用粘土做了一只举起前爪的猫，它看起来像是救了他的命的猫。A.waved挥手；B.lowered把……放低；C.felt感觉；D.raised举起；抬起。根据上文“Thecatmeowedandraisedapaw(爪)___2___callinghimover.”可知，男孩用粘土做了一只举起前爪的猫，与上文的“raised”相呼应。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：男孩不想再失去一只猫。A.leave离开；B.sell卖；C.lose失去；D.miss错过；想念。根据下文“Butwiththatmoney,hecouldbuyricefordinner.”可知，可知，男孩不想再失去一只猫。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他看着的时候，他又做了一只泥猫。A.watched观看；B.thought想；认为；C.looked看；D.waited等待。根据上文“Eachday,theboywatchedforthecat.”可知，此处指当男孩看着的时候，与上文“watchedfor”相呼应。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后有一天，猫又出现了，嘴里叼着一条大鱼。A.recovered恢复；B.reappeared又出现；C.remained保持；D.revived苏醒；复活。根据下文“withalargefishinitsmouth”可知，猫又出现了。故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：晚饭时，烤鱼的香味充斥着屋子，男孩再次问道：“我可以留着它吗？”A.bones骨头；B.smell味道；C.contents内容；D.voice声音。根据下文“bakingfishfillingthehouse”可知，是烤鱼的香味充斥着屋子。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一次，他的母亲同意了，并笑着说：“这是一只好运猫。”A.protested抗议；B.recognized认出；C.agreed同意；D.intended打算。根据下文“andsmiled,“thisisagood-luckcat.”可知，这一次，他的母亲同意了。故选C。第II卷第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。AsthetemperatureofBeijingdropsextremely,peopleinthecapitalarenaturallyattractedtothewarmthofabubblinghotpot.AccordingtoMeituan,thesearchvolume(量)ofthekeyword“hotpot”___36___(increase)fortytwopercentinOctober.Amongthe___37___(variety)offlavorsofhotpot,thedregsvinegarhotpot(糟粕醋火锅)isespecially___38___(prefer)bymanyBeijing customers.Thespicyandsourdregsvinegarsoup,___39___isoriginallyalocaltraditionalstreetsnack,enjoysahistoryofaround500years,___40___(date)backtotheMingDynasty.___41___,itwasnotuntilitwasintroducedinthedocumentaryPotofFirein2020thatitgainedwider___42___(recognize)amongpeopleacrossthecountry.___43___thehotpotisnewtocustomers,theserverswillusuallyteachdinersthebestorderinwhichtoboiltheingredients.Thenativesliketoaddseafoodandvegetablestothisslightlyspicyandsweetdishthathas___44___uniquetaste.Onecustomercommentedthatthehotpotwasacomfort,“whenItakeasipofthesoup,itinstantlyremindsme____45____mymotherinherkitchen!”【答案】36.increased37.varieties38.preferred39.which40.dating41.However42.recognition43.As##Since##Because44.a45.of【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。随着北京的气温急剧下降，首都的人们自然会被热气腾腾的火锅所吸引。在各种口味的火锅中，糟粕醋火锅尤其受到许多北京顾客的青睐。本文主要介绍了糟粕醋火锅。【36题详解】考查动词的时态。句意：根据美团的数据，10月份“火锅”关键词的搜索量增长了42%。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。根据时间状语inOctober可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填increased。【37题详解】考查名词的数。句意：在各种口味的火锅中，糟粕醋火锅尤其受到许多北京顾客的青睐。根据空格前的定冠词the可知，空格处应填入名词作宾语。指各种各样的，此处应用名词复数形式。故填varieties。【38题详解】考查语态。句意：同上。根据句意“糟粕醋火锅尤其受到许多北京顾客的青睐”，此处应用被动语态。thedregsvinegarhotpot(糟粕醋火锅)与prefer为被动关系。所以本句为一般现在时的被动语态。故填preferred。【39题详解】考查定语从句。句意：酸辣渣醋汤最初是当地的传统街头小吃，距今已有约500年的历史，可以追溯到明朝。分析句子可知，此处是非限制性定语从句。先行词是Thespicyandsour dregsvinegarsoup，指物，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词which。故填which。【40题详解】考查现在分词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词。句子主语Thespicyandsourdregsvinegarsoup与动词短语datebackto是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词。故填dating。【41题详解】考查副词。句意：然而，直到它在2020年的纪录片《火锅》中被引入，它才在全国人民中获得了更广泛的认可。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词。根据句意，此处与上文是转折关系，故用however。置于句首，首字母应大写。故填However。【42题详解】考查名词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词作宾语。recognize的名词形式为recognition。故填recognition。【43题详解】考查状语从句。句意：由于火锅对顾客来说是新的，服务员通常会教食客如何煮食材。分析句子可知，此处是一个状语从句。根据句意，此处是因果关系，应用连词as/since/because，置于句首，首字母应大写。故填As/Since/Because。【44题详解】考查冠词。句意：当地人喜欢将海鲜和蔬菜添加到这道略带辛辣和甜味的菜肴中，这道菜具有独特的味道。分析句子可知，空格处应填入冠词。根据句意，此处指“一种独特的味道”，应用不定冠词。unique读音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。故填a。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：一位顾客评论说，火锅是一种安慰，“当我喝一口汤时，它立刻让我想起了我在厨房里的妈妈！”remindsb.ofsth.是固定短语，意为“使某人想起……”。故填of。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，上周你与英国交换生Peter一起参加了“弘扬中国传统文化”校园活动。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1.回忆活动；2.分享体会；3.表达祝愿。注意：1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 DearPeter,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearPeter,LastweekendwitnessedourunforgettableexperienceofattendingtheactivitywiththethemeofpromotingtraditionalChineseculture.ThewonderfulperformanceofPekingOpera,theflexibilityofTaiChiaswellasthevividdesignsofpapercuttingleftadeepimpressiononme.However,whatappealedtomemostisourhands-onexperienceofpapercutting.Istillrememberthefishyoucut.Ithinkthisactivityisagreatsuccess,whichprovidesusaplatformwherewecanbroadenourhorizonsandappreciatetheprofoundChineseculture.IhopeyoucanhaveabetterunderstandingofChinesecultureafterthisactivity.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国交换生Peter写一封邮件，回顾上周一起参加的“弘扬中国传统文化”校园活动。内容包括：1.回忆活动；2.分享体会；3.表达祝愿。【详解】1.词汇积累见证：witness→see吸引：appealto→attract以及：aswellas→alongwith提供：provide→offer2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：LastweekendwitnessedourunforgettableexperienceofattendingtheactivitywiththethemeofpromotingtraditionalChineseculture.拓展句：Lastweekendwitnessedourunforgettableexperienceofattendingtheactivitywhose themeispromotingtraditionalChineseculture.【点睛】【高分句型1】However,whatappealedtomemostisourhands-onexperienceofpapercutting.（运用了what引导的主语从句）【高分句型2】Ithinkthisactivityisagreatsuccess,whichprovidesusaplatformwherewecanbroadenourhorizonsandappreciatetheprofoundChineseculture.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）第二节读后续写(满分25分)47.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整故事。“Popo,Popo,catcat,Popocat—ohdear,whatahardword!”saidGeorge,quiteoutofpatience.“Doyoucallthatahardwordtopronounce,George?Iknowmuchharderwordsthanthat.”“Well,father,thisisthehardestwordIeversaw,”repliedGeorge.“Sometimesthehardestwordsaretheshortest.Iknowonelittleword,withonlytwolettersinit,thatveryfewchildren,ormeneither,canalwaysspeak.”saidhisfather.“Onlytwoletters!Whatcanitbe?”criedGeorge.“Thehardestword,”repliedhisfather,“Ihaveevermetwithisalittlewordoftwoletters—no.”“That’stheeasiestwordintheworld!”criedGeorge.Herepeated,“N-o,no;n-o,no,”agreatmanytimes.“George,Ihopeyou’llalwaysfinditaseasytopronounceasyouthinkitisnow,andthatyou’llbeabletospeakitwhenyoushould.”InthemorningGeorgewentbravelytoschool,alittleproudthathecouldpronouncesohardawordas“Popocatepetl.”Notfarfromtheschoolhousewasalargepond,wheretheboysusedtoskateandslidewhenitwasfrozenover.Thatdaywhentheboyswenttoschool,theyfoundthepondassmoothandclearasglass,andtheythoughtthatbynoontheicewouldbestrongenoughtoskateupon.Soassoonasschoolwasdismissed(放学)theboysallrantothepond,—sometotrytheice,andotherssimplytoseeit.“Come,George,”saidWilliam,“nowweshallhaveaglorioustimesliding.”Georgehesitated(犹豫).Hedidnotbelievetheicewasstrongenough.“Oh,comeon!”saidanotherboy,“Iknowitisstrongenough.Ihaveknownittofreezeoverinonenight.Itwouldbear.”ButGeorgestillhesitated,forhisfatherhadforbiddenhimtogoontheicewithoutspecialpermission.“IknowwhyGeorgewon’tgo,”saidWilliam,“he’safraidhemightfalldownandhurthimself.”“He’sacoward(胆小鬼)!”criedanother.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右;2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph1:Georgecouldn’tstandthisanylonger,forhewasveryproudofhiscourage. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Intheevening,Georgeandhisparentssattogetheraroundthecheerfulfire.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Paragraph1:Georgecouldn’tstandthisanylonger,forhewasveryproudofhiscourage.Buthestoodstillbecauseheknewtheicewouldn’tbestrongenoughtoskateupon.Theothersboysallwentonskatinghappily.Whatevertheydid,Georgerememberedthewordsthathisfatherhadsaid,“Tobebraverytosayno!”Suddenlyablockoficecracked,Williamfellintothewater.Hestruggledandshouted,“Help!Help!”.Georgeranforhelp.Fortunatelyapolicemancameacross,thenhejumpedintothewatertorescueWilliam.FinallyhetookWilliambacktothebankandtheboysallcheeredforhimandthankedGeorge.Paragraph2:Intheevening,Georgeandhisparentssattogetheraroundthecheerfulfire.HisfatherlistenedasGeorgeretoldtheeventhappenedatnoon.Hesmiledandsaid,“Whatyoudidisright.Ihopeyou’llalwaysfinditaseasytosaynoasyouthinkitisnow,andthatyou’llbeabletospeakitwhenyoushould.”Georgenodded,feelingproudofhisdecision.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，乔治学习单词发音时他的父亲教会他说一个单词“不”告诫他要懂得拒绝，一次放学后乔治拒绝和同伴在池塘滑冰，从而成功地躲避了一次落水事故同时还帮助救起了一名落水的同伴，晚上乔治和父亲讲述了这件事情并受到表扬的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“乔治再也忍不了，因为他为他的勇气而骄傲”可知，第一段可描写乔治想起父亲的话并拒绝滑冰的事情。②由第二段首句内容“晚上乔治和他的父母围坐在令人愉快的火堆旁。”可知，第二段可描写乔治讲述了发生的事情并受到表扬。2.续写线索：学习单词——父亲教会他拒绝——拒绝在池塘滑冰——帮助营救小伙伴——成功救出伙伴——父亲对他的表扬 3.词汇激活行为类①.喊叫：shouted/cried②.落入：fellinto/dropinto③.救助：rescue/save情绪类①.骄傲：beproudof/takepridein②.愉快地：happily/enjoyably【点睛】[高分句型1].Buthestoodstillbecauseheknewtheicewouldn’tbestrongenoughtoskateupon.（由连词because引导的原因状语）[高分句型2].Whatevertheydid,Georgerememberedthewordsthathisfatherhadsaid,“Tobebraverytosayno!”（whatever引导的让步状语从句和that引导的定语从句）听力答案：1-20BCACBABCACCABBACCBAC