浙江省杭州市学军中学2022-2023学年高三英语上学期12月模拟考试试题（Word版带解析）

2022学年第一学期高三模拟考试试题英语本试卷共8页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。第一部分听力(共两节20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WherecouldthemanfindStella?A.Inheroffice.B.Inthelibrary.C.Inthemeetingroom.2.Whatdidthemandolastweekend?A.Heattendedaparty.B.Hehadapicnicwithhisfriends.C.Hewenttotheparkwithhissister.3.Howdidthewomanfeelabouttheinterview?A.Confident.B.Excited.C.Worried.4.Whatdoesthemanremindthewomantodo?A.Havearestafterlunch.B.Wearherhat.C.Goswimmingbeforeameal.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Themanisnotsuitablefortheposition.B.Theapplicationarrivedaweekearlierthanexpected.C.Thejobhasbeengiventosomeoneelse.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Aphotograph.B.Avideo.C.Apainting.7.Wheredidtheman’sideacomefrom?A.Theautumnscenery.B.Avillagetrip.C.Avisittodowntown.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8.WhydoesDickgotoParis?A.Tofurtherhisstudy.B.Togoonbusiness.C.Tohavehisholiday.9.Whowillgototheairportwiththespeakers?A.Ben.B.Lucy.C.Theirmother.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whendoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Intheevening.B.Intheafternoon.C.Inthemorning.11.Whathappenedtotheman?A.Hehadacaraccidentonhiswayhome.B.Hewasstuckintrafficjams.C.Hefeltillinhisoffice.12.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atarestaurant.B.Inanoffice.C.Athome.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhendidthewomanlastseeHarold?A.Ateighto’clockearlythismorning.B.Ateleveno’clockthismorning.C.Atfouro’clockthisafternoon.14.WhydidHaroldrunawayaccordingtothewoman?A.ShequarreledwithHarold.B.ShescoldedHarold.C.ShehitHaroldwithastick.15.Whatisthemanconfusedabout?A.Harold’sage.B.Harold’sheight.C.Harold’sappearance.16.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutHarold?A.Heissixyearsold.B.Hehasthesamesurnameasherhusband.C.Heisdarkbrown.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdoestheschoolforbidstudentsfromdoing?A.Wearingearrings.B.Wearinggreysocks.C.Usingmobilephones.18.Whoputsforwardthetopicofthemobilephone?A.Parents.B.Seniorstudents.C.Teachers.19.WhatchangeshavebeenmadeaboutPEuniform?A.Differentgradesweardifferentuniforms.B.StudentsshouldwearPEuniformeveryday.C.Studentscanwearotherclothesinsteadofshortswhenitiscold.20.Whatisthepurposeofthetalk? A.Toexplainthedosanddon’ts.B.Topersuadestudentstoobeytherules.C.Toaskstudentsforadviceabouttherules.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ALonelyPlanet’sMiddleEastisyourpassporttothemostrelevant,up-to-dateadviceonwhattoseeandskip,andwhathiddendiscoveriesawaityou.WanderatthemightyPyramidsofGiza,thelastsurvivingancientwonder;watchthesunsetoverthemagicofPetra;andexploretree-linedavenueanddelicatemosques(清真寺)inEsfahan,Iran.Allwithyourtrustedtravelcompanion.GettotheheartofMiddleEastandbeginyourjourneynow!InsideLonelyPlanet’sMiddleEast:●Colourmapsandimagesthroughout●Insidertipstosavetimeandmoneyandgetaroundlikealocalavoidingcrowdsandtroublespots●Essentialinfoatyourfingertips—hoursofoperation,phonenumbers,websites,transittips.prices●Honestreviewsforallbudgets—eating,sleeping,sightseeing,goingout,shopping,hiddengems(精品)hatmostguidebooksmiss●Culturalinsightsprovidearicher,morerewardingtravelexperience—coveringhistory,people,music,landscapes,wildlife,cuisine,politicsCoverageIncludes:EgyptIraq,Israel,thePalestinianTerritories,Jordan,Lebanon,Syria,TurkeyBookDetailsISBN:9781786570710Writers:AnthonyHam,PaulClammer,OrlandoCrowcroft,MarkElliott,AnitaIsalska,JessicaLee,VirginiaMaxwell,SimonRichmond,DanielRobinson,AnthonySattin,DanSaveryRaz,AndySymington,JennyWalker,SteveWaters608pages,256ppcolor,90maps|Dimensions:128mm×197mmNexteditiondue:Dec20241.WhatinformationcanreadersgetfromLonelyPlanet’sMiddleEast?A.Black-and-whitemaps.B.Recommendationofpopularguidebooks.C.Famouswriters’culturalinsights.D.Reviewsforallbudgets.2.WhatplacesdoesLonelyPlanet’sMiddleEastcover? A.JordanandSyria.B.LebanonandFrance.C.TurkeyandJapan.D.IsraelandNorway.3.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.TointroducesomefamousattractionsinMiddleEast.B.ToappealtoustotraveltoMiddleEast.C.TorecommendabooknamedMiddleEast.D.TostresstheimportanceoftravelinginMiddleEast.【答案】1.D2.A3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了MiddleEast这本书的一些具体信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。InsideLonelyPlanet’sMiddleEast这一部分中第四点“Honestreviewsforallbudgets—eating,sleeping,sightseeing,goingout,shopping,hiddengems(精品)hatmostguidebooksmiss(对所有预算的诚实评论——吃饭、睡觉、观光、外出、购物、大多数指南书都遗漏的隐藏的精品)”可知，MiddleEast这本书可以给读者提供前往中东的预算信息。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第六段“CoverageIncludes:Egypt,Iraq,Israel,thePalestinianTerritories,Jordan,Lebanon,Syria,Turkey(覆盖范围包括：埃及，伊拉克，以色列，巴勒斯坦领土，约旦，黎巴嫩，叙利亚，土耳其)”可知，这本书包括约旦和叙利亚。故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一句“LonelyPlanet’sMiddleEastisyourpassporttothemostrelevant,up-to-dateadviceonwhattoseeandskip,andwhathiddendiscoveriesawaityou(LonelyPlanet’sMiddleEast是您获取最相关、最新建议的通行证，为你提供最相关、最新的建议，告诉你该看什么、不看什么，以及有什么隐藏的发现等着你)”可推知，本文是在介绍MiddleEast这本书。故选C。BThetwins,KaylaandKellieBingham,wereaccusedof“academicdishonesty”inMay2016aftertestproctors(监考员)reviewedtheresultsofanexamonwhichtheirperformancewasconsideredtoberemarkablysimilar.Thesisters’identicalanswersto296of307questions,including54wronganswers,raisedalarmbellsamonguniversityofficials,wholaunchedaninvestigationintothetwins’performance.“Itwasaneight-hourexamduringwhichweexhibitednormaltest-takingbehavior,”KaylaBinghamsaid.TheBinghamssuccessfullyappealedagainstthedecisionandfiledalawsuit(起诉)againsttheuniversity,arguingthatforyearstheyhadbehavedandperformedsimilarlyacademicallyand inathletics.Afterafour-daytrialinNovember,aSouthCarolinajury(陪审团)decidedtheschoolhadwrongedthesistersandawardedthematotalof$1.5millionindamages.TheBinghams’legalcasedependedonthetheorythatitiscommonforidenticaltwinstoperformsimilarlyontestsgiventheirgeneticprofiles.NancySegal,whorunsCaliforniaStateUniversity,Fullerton’sTwinStudiesCenterandwhotestifiedinthecase,said,“Iwouldhavebeensurprisediftheyhadn’tscoredalike.”Intheirsuit,theBinghamssaidthecheatingallegations(指控)ledtotheirexperiencingpsychologicaldistress,includingpanicattacksandstressdisorder.“Itwasaveryhostileenvironment.Peoplewehadknown,satnexttoandstudiedwithfortwoyearswouldnotspeaktous,”KellieBinghamtoldCBS.“Theyknewourworkethic(道德准则)andstudyhabitsbutrefusedtohearoursideofthestory.Peoplewetrustedcompletelyturnedtheirbacksonus.”Theuniversity’saccusationandtheeventsthatfollowedalsointerferedwiththeBinghams’planstobecomedoctors.ThetwonowworkasgovernmentaffairsadvisersatthesameSouthCarolinalawfirm.“Wecametounderstandthatoncewordgetsout,evenifit’snotaccurate,itdamagesyourreputationasaperson.Sowecompletelyswitchedtracks,”Kaylasaid,addingthatshe“wantedtofightbackbecauseIhadbeenwronged.”4.Whywerethetwinsaccusedofcheatingintheexam?A.Theydidagoodjobinthetest.B.Theyexhibitedabnormaltest-takingbehavior.C.Theywereseensignalingoneanotherandpassingnotes.D.Theyhadremarkablysimilartestperformance.5.Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph3and4?A.TheBinghamsatlastlostthelawsuitagainsttheuniversity.B.NancySegalwasnotsatisfiedwiththejury’sdecision.C.Thejury’sdecisionwasbasedonatheoryaboutidenticaltwins.D.ThiswasthefirsttimethattheBinghamshadscoredalike.6.Whatattitudedopeoplehavetowardsthetwinsafterthecheatingallegations?A.Approving.B.Suspicious.C.Objective.D.Tolerant.7.Whatinfluencedoestheuniversity’saccusationhaveonthetwins?A.Theywillsticktobeingadoctorandhelpingthosesufferingpeople.B.They’vedecidedtobecomeadvisorsinsteadofdoctors.C.Theirreputationhasbeendamagedsotheycan’tbedoctors.D.They’vehandleditverywellandareinagoodmentalstate.【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道一对双胞胎凯拉和凯莉·宾厄姆被指控“学术不 诚实”，对此大学进行这对双胞胎的表现展开了调查，这一做法最后被法院裁定冤枉了这对姐妹，并判学校给予她们150万美元的赔偿，此事对这对双胞胎产生了很大的影响。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据首段中的“Thesisters’identicalanswersto296of307questions,including54wronganswers,raisedalarmbellsamonguniversityofficials,wholaunchedaninvestigationintothetwins’performance.(这对姐妹在307个问题中有296个答案完全相同，包括54个错误答案，这引起了大学官员的警惕，他们对双胞胎的表现展开了调查。)”可知，她们的测试结果极其相似是这对双胞胎被指控考试作弊的原因。故选D项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的尾句“Afterafour-daytrialinNovember,aSouthCarolinajury(陪审团)decidedtheschoolhadwrongedthesistersandawardedthematotalof$1.5millionindamages.(去年11月，经过为期四天的审判，南卡罗来纳州的一个陪审团裁定学校冤枉了这对姐妹，并判给她们总共150万美元的赔偿金。)”和第四段的首句“TheBinghams’legalcasedependedonthetheorythatitiscommonforidenticaltwinstoperformsimilarlyontestsgiventheirgeneticprofiles.(宾厄姆姐妹的诉讼依据的理论是，考虑到他们的基因特征，同卵双胞胎在测试中表现相似是很常见的。)”可知，陪审团的判定结果是基于同卵双胞胎的理论。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“‘Itwasaveryhostileenvironment.Peoplewehadknown,satnexttoandstudiedwithfortwoyearswouldnotspeaktous,’KellieBinghamtoldCBS.‘Theyknewourworkethic(道德准则)andstudyhabitsbutrefusedtohearoursideofthestory.Peoplewetrustedcompletelyturnedtheirbacksonus.’(“当时的环境非常恶劣。我们认识的人，坐在我们旁边的人，和我们一起学习了两年的人都不和我们说话，”凯利·宾厄姆在接受CBS采访时表示。“他们知道我们的职业道德和学习习惯，但拒绝听我们的说法。我们信任的人完全背弃了我们。”)”可知，在被指控作弊后，人们对这对姐妹充满了不信任。故选B项。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据尾段中的“Theuniversity’saccusationandtheeventsthatfollowedalsointerferedwiththeBinghams’planstobecomedoctors.ThetwonowworkasgovernmentaffairsadvisersatthesameSouthCarolinalawfirm.(大学的指控和随后发生的事件也干扰了宾厄姆姐妹成为医生的计划。两人现在在南卡罗来纳州同一家律师事务所担任政府事务顾问。)”可知。大学的无端指控让两人最后决定在律师事务所从事政府事务顾问工作，而不是做医生。故选B项。CInavideopostedThursdayaddressingthefutureofherworldtour,CélineDionsharedshe’s beendiagnosedwithStiffPersonSyndrome(僵人综合征),orSPS,whichhascausedhertohaveseveremusclespasms(痉挛)inthepast.Andshewillhavetopostponemuchofhertour,aswellascancelsomeshows.“Themusclespasmsaffecteveryaspectofmydailylife,sometimescausingdifficultieswhenIwalkandnotallowingmetousemyvocalcords(声带)tosingthewayI’musedto.”DionsaidinthevideopostedonInstagram.StiffPersonSyndromeisarareneurological(神经系统的)disorderwithfeaturesofanautoimmune(自体免疫的)disease.Thediseasenotablycausesprogressivemusclestiffnessandpainfulspasmsthatcanbetriggeredbyenvironmentalfactorssuchassuddenmovement,coldtemperatureorunexpectedloudnoisesandemotionalstress.“Weallhavemusclespasms,butthesearemusclespasmsthatarebeyondyourcontroltothepointthatmuscleslockandaresorigid.”Dr.RobertWilson,aneurologistandthedirectoroftheAutonomicCenterattheClevelandClinic,toldUSATODAY.Thesesymptomscanleadtodifficultywalking,amongotherdisabilities.PeoplewithSPSarealsomorelikelytoexperienceanxietyanddepression,YaleMedicinenotes.Ofcourse,SPSsymptomscanrangesignificantlyandeverypatient’sexperienceisunique.“It’sarangeofseverity.”Desaisays.“Somepeoplehavemildspasms.Somepeoplecanhavethefulldystoniawhereapartofthebodybecomesalmostlikerigidtoaboardorlikeastatue.…Andsomepeoplecanbeconstantwhilesomepeoplecouldjusthaveepisodes,”Wilsonsaid.“There’savariabilitywithineachpatient.”Theexactcauseremainsunknown.However,researcherssuspectitmaybecausedbyanautoimmunereaction.Untilnow,thereisnocureforit.Buttherearetreatmentstohelprelievesymptoms.SPScanbeterminalinrarecases.“It’sararediseasetobeginwith.Andtherearecasesofdeathbeingreported,butit’srareforararedisease,”Desaisaid.8.HowdoesthediseaseaffectCélineDion?A.Shealwayshasdifficultwalks.B.Shecan’tspeaknorsingsongs.C.Sheexperiencesdepression.D.Someshowshavetoberescheduledorcancelled.9.Theunderlinedword“dystonia”inparagraph7meansaconditioncharacterizedby______.A.rigidityB.rangeC.gentlenessD.variability10.WhatmightcauseStiffPersonSyndromeaccordingtoresearchers?A.Environmentalfactors.B.Emotionalstress.C.Autoimmunereactions.D.Unknownreasons.11.Whatcanwelearnaboutthedisease?A.Everypatienthasthesamesymptoms. B.Thediseasejustcausesmusclerigidityandspasms.C.Thediseaseisdeadlyinmanycaseswithoutacure.D.Thediseasecanaffectpatientsbothphysicallyandmentally.【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了僵人综合征的一些症状及疾病的可能成因。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Andshewillhavetopostponemuchofhertour,aswellascancelsomeshows.(她不得不推迟许多巡演，并取消了一些演出)”可知，该疾病让CélineDion不得不重新安排或取消她的演出。故选D项。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“whereapartofthebodybecomesalmostlikerigidtoaboardorlikeastatue(在这种情况下，身体的一部分就像固定在木板上或者像雕像一样)”可知，一些身体部分出现了完全僵硬的状态。由此推知，划线词dystonia与rigidity(僵硬)意思接近。故选A项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“However,researcherssuspectitmaybecausedbyanautoimmunereaction.(然而，研究人员怀疑它可能是由自身免疫反应引起的)”可知，根据研究人员的说法，自身免疫反应可能导致了僵人综合征。故选C项。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Thesesymptomscanleadtodifficultywalking,amongotherdisabilities.PeoplewithSPSarealsomorelikelytoexperienceanxietyanddepression,YaleMedicinenotes.(耶鲁医学院指出，这些症状会导致行走困难和其他能力缺陷，僵人综合征的病人更可能会经历焦虑和抑郁)”可知，该疾病会影响病人的身心健康。故选D项。DHumansevolvedfromapes.Thisiswhatwelearnedinbiologyclass.Butwhatcamebeforeapes?Chinesescientistshavediscoveredfossilsthatcouldenrichtheevolutionarystoryofhowhumansevolvedfromfish.AccordingtofourarticlespublishedinthejournalNatureinlateSeptember,Chineseresearchersfoundfishfossilsthatprovidethe“missinglink”abouttheoriginofthejaw,akeyfeaturethat99.8percentofvertebrate(脊椎动物)specieshave.ZhuMin,aleadresearcherofthestudiesfromtheChineseAcademyofSciences,saidthatthefindingsdrewalargeamountofinterestinthescienceworldduetotheimportanceofjawsinanimalevolution.However,theriseofthejawhadbeenamysteryduetoalackofsufficientfossilevidencetosupportthatjawedvertebrateslived450millionyearsago. ThelatestfindingsmadebyZhu’steampresentedasetoffivesurprisinglywell-preservedfishfossilsthatincludedthreewhole-bodiedfish,helpingscientistspaintamoreaccurateevolutionarypictureoftheoriginofthejaw.ThefishfossilswerediscoveredattwositesinChongqingandGuizhou,whosestrata(岩层)datebacktotheSilurianPeriodthatbeganaround440millionyearsago.Thesefossilsshowthatjawedfishwerealreadythriving(繁荣)intheworld’sancientoceansatthattime.Lateron,morediverseandlargerjawedfishevolvedandbegantospreadaroundtheworld,pavingthewayforsomefishtoeventuallygoonlandandevolveintootheranimals—includinghumans.“Thesefossilsprovideanunprecedented(前所未有的)opportunitytopeekintothe‘dawnoffish’andhelpscientiststracemanyhumanbodystructuresbacktotheseancientfishthusfillingsomekeygapsintheevolutionaryhistoryofhowfishevolvedintohumans,”Zhusaid.12.Inwhichcolumnofamagazinewillyoumostprobablyreadthepassage?A.YourVoice.B.Animals.C.ScienceStudy.D.History.13.Whydidthefindingsdrawalargeamountofinterestinthescienceworld?A.Becausejawsareakeytraitofallvertebratespecies.B.Becausejawsaresignificantinanimalevolution.CBecausetheriseofthejawhadbeenamystery.D.Becausethereisalackofsufficientevidence.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“atthattime”referto?A.Around440millionyearsago.B.Around450millionyearsago.C.Whenjawedfishbegantospreadaroundtheworld.D.Whenfishevolvedintohumans.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhoAreOurAncestors?B.WhatCameBeforeApes?C.TheOriginoftheJawD.KeyGapsinEvolution【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了中国科学家发现的下颚化石有助于帮助我们更好的理解人类从鱼类进化而来的历史。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段第四句“Chinesescientistshavediscoveredfossilsthatcouldenrichtheevolutionarystoryofhowhumansevolvedfromfish.”（中国科学家发现了一些化石，有助于丰富有关人类从鱼类进化而来的进化故事）并结合全文可知，主要介绍的是人 类早期的进化研究，属于科学研究的范围。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“thefindingsdrewalargeamountofinterestinthescienceworldduetotheimportanceofjawsinanimalevolution.”（这些发现引起了科学家的极大兴趣，因为下颚在动物进化中有非常重要的作用。）可知，这些发现引起科学家的兴趣是因为下颚在进化中的重要作用。故选B项。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第五段“ThefishfossilswerediscoveredattwositesinChongqingandGuizhou,whosestrata(岩层)datebacktotheSilurianPeriodthatbeganaround440millionyearsago.”（在重庆和贵州的两个地方发现了鱼化石，这两个地方的岩层可以追溯到志留纪，大概4.4亿年前。）可知，“atthattime”指的是大概4.4亿年前。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第三句和第四句“Butwhatcamebeforeapes?Chinesescientistshavediscoveredfossilsthatcouldenrichtheevolutionarystoryofhowhumansevolvedfromfish.”（在猿猴之前是什么呢？中国科学家发现了一些化石，有助于丰富有关人类从鱼类进化而来的进化故事。）并结合全文可知，主要介绍了中国科学家发现了一些下颚化石，有助于更好的理解人类早期的进化。这些进化都是发生在类人猿之前的历史。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ibelievealmosteveryonewouldliketwothingsfromtheirjobsandcareers:successandhappiness.Theywanttodorelativelywellfinancially,receivefairrecognitionfortheiraccomplishments,enjoytheirworkasmuchasonecan,andbecomehappierasapersonasaresult.Somanypeople,especiallyambitious,hard-workingpeople,simplifytheminalogicalway:Theyfirstseeksuccessandthenassumethatsuccesswillleadtohappiness.____16____.Chasingsuccesshascoststhatcanenduploweringhappiness.Thisisnottosaythatyouhavetochoosebetweensuccessandhappiness.____17____.Butyouhavetoreverse(颠倒)theorderofoperations:Insteadoftryingfirsttogetsuccessandhopingitleadstohappiness,startbyworkingonyourhappiness,whichwillenhanceyoursuccess.Whetheryouareanemployeeoremployer,itisabetterinvestmenttoincreasehappinessatworkandinlife,ratherthansimplytryingtoincreasemeasuresofsuccess.____18____.Nomatterhowmuchyouenjoyyourwork,overworkwillbecomeanobstruction(阻碍)towell-being.Onceworkquantityisundercontrol,happinessatworkrequiresasenseofmeaningandpurpose.____19____.Earnedsuccessimpliesasenseofaccomplishmentandrecognitionfora jobwelldone,whileservicetoothersrequiresknowledgeoftherealpeoplewhobenefitfromyourwork.Ultimately,althoughsuccessandhappinessarelinked,themagicmostlyworksone-way—andnotinthewaythatmostpeoplethink.____20____,andmayleadyoutounhappiness.Butworkingonyourhappiness.givesyouthebestchanceatgettingboth.A.YoucanobtainbothB.ButthisreasoningisfaultyC.It’sfairlyreasonabletothinkthisway,thoughD.Workingonyoursuccesstogethappierisinefficientatbest(充其量)E.ThefirstthingtorememberisthathappinessrequiresbalanceF.It’sdangeroustopursuesuccessinsteadofhappinessG.Thetwokeyaspectsofmeaningfulworkareearnedsuccessandservicetoothers【答案】16.B17.A18.E19.G20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。说明了成功和快乐的关系并非非此即彼，而是互为补充，要处理好二者关系。【16题详解】上文“Theyfirstseeksuccessandthenassumethatsuccesswillleadtohappiness.”（他们首先追求成功，然后便认为成功将会带来快乐。）说明了一些人的逻辑，与下文“Chasingsuccesshascoststhatcanenduploweringhappiness.”（追求成功的代价可能是最终降低幸福感。）是对立的关系，说明上文的逻辑是错误的。B项“Butthisreasoningisfaulty”（但是这种逻辑是错误的）承上启下，符合题意。故选B项。【17题详解】上文“Thisisnottosaythatyouhavetochoosebetweensuccessandhappiness.”（这并不是说你不得不在成功与快乐之间做出选择。）说明成功和快乐并不是矛盾的，是可以兼得的。故A项“Youcanobtainboth”（你可以二者兼得。）符合题意。故选A项。【18题详解】下文“Nomatterhowmuchyouenjoyyourwork,overworkwillbecomeanobstruction(阻碍)towell-being.”（无论你多么喜欢你的工作，超时工作都会变成快乐生活的阻碍。）说明快乐来自于喜欢，但要懂得适度和平衡，否则再喜欢的工作也会变成阻碍。与E项“Thefirstthingtorememberisthathappinessrequiresbalance”（要记住的第一件事就是快乐需要平衡）句意契合。故选E项。【19题详解】下文“Earnedsuccessimpliesasenseofaccomplishmentandrecognitionforajobwelldone,whileservicetoothersrequiresknowledgeoftherealpeoplewhobenefitfromyourwork.” （获得成功意味着成就感和对出色工作的认可，而服务他人意味着需要了解那些从你的工作中受益的人。）说明了“Earnedsuccess”和“servicetoothers”两方面的内容，与G项“Thetwokeyaspectsofmeaningfulworkareearnedsuccessandservicetoothers”（有意义的工作的两个关键就是获得的成功和对他人的服务。）中两个关键一致。故选G项。【20题详解】下文“andmayleadyoutounhappiness”（可能会导致你不快乐）说明前面的事情是消极不好的做法。结合下句“Butworkingonyourhappiness.givesyouthebestchanceatgettingboth.”（但是致力于快乐，你会有机会二者兼得。）可知，前面的做法是与其相反的。故D项“Workingonyoursuccesstogethappierisinefficientatbest”（致力于成功而得到的快乐是远远不够的。）符合题意。故选D项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IamaguideattheCaliforniaAcademyofSciences.WeeksagoIwas____21____withalovelyfamilyattheAcademy’sSwampexhibit.Theiryoungsonwas____22____bytheswallowandaskedmanyquestionsaboutit.Asthefamilywasleaving,Iaskedtheboyifhewouldlikeastickertoputonhisshirt.He____23____choseaswallowsticker.Theboy’syoungerbrotherspenttime____24____allthestickerchoicesbeforechoosingabutterfly.Theboywhohadchosenfirstsaidsoftlytohisfather,“Ididn’tseethefrogsticker.”Hisfatherimmediately____25____theboytoaskmeforasecondsticker.Theboysaid,“No,I’mhappywithwhatIhave.”Iwas____26____.Suchwisdom,grace,and____27____,allfromaneight-year-oldboy.Toooften,we____28____tobehappywithwhatwehaveandinourforgetfulnesswespreadthe____29____ofdiscontent.Irecentlypurchasedmyfirstlaptopcomputer.Indiscussionswiththe____30____,hesaid,“Withintwoyears,you’llprobablywantanewoneanyway.”WhywouldIwantanewone,____31____myoldonewasworking?Perhaps,“____32____”isthekeyword.Iwon’t____33____needanewlaptopintwoyearsbutI“willprobablywantone”.Imaywant____34____things,butIdon’tneedthem.WhatIdodesperatelyneedisthepeaceofmind.Ineedto____35____eachofmysuddenurgestopurchaseorpossessaseither“want”or“need”.21.A.seeingB.visitingC.leavingD.staying22.A.trappedB.calledC.stuckD.fascinated23.A.quicklyB.slowlyC.deliberatelyD.casually24.A.goingaboutB.goingbyC.goingforD.going through25.A.demandedB.suggestedC.urgedD.persuaded26.A.satisfiedB.astonishedC.pleasedD.thrilled27.A.gratitudeB.patienceC.concentrationD.respect28.A.usedB.triedC.pretendedD.forgot29.A.conceptB.assumptionC.infectionD.lie30.A.cashierB.hostC.salesmanD.waiter31.A.ifB.forC.butD.besides32.A.needB.wantC.hopeD.mind33.A.obviouslyB.speciallyC.simplyD.necessarily34.A.spareB.suitableC.shinyD.similar35.A.recognizeB.identifyC.proveD.access【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.D25.C26.B27.A28.D29.C30.C31.A32.B33.D34.C35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者通过小男孩买贴纸一事，懂得了知足并且能为所拥有的东西感到高兴的故事，最后论述了想要和需要的区别。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周前，我和一个可爱的家庭一起参观了学院的沼泽展览。A.seeing看到；B.visiting参观；C.leaving离开；D.staying留下。根据上文“IamaguideattheCaliforniaAcademyofSciences.(我是加州科学院的导游)”和本句中的“exhibit(展览)”一词可知，作者陪这家人参观学院的沼泽展览，故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的小儿子对燕子很着迷，并问了很多关于它的问题。A.trapped困住；B.called叫；C.stuck卡住；D.fascinated着迷。根据下文“askedmanyquestionsaboutit.(问了很多问题)”可知，是因为对燕子很着迷，才问很多关于它的问题，故选D。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他快速选了一个燕子贴纸。A.quickly快速地；B.slowly缓慢地；C.deliberately故意地；D.casually随意地。根据上文“Asthefamilywasleaving(当一家人离开时)”以及“Theiryoungsonwasfascinatedbytheswallow(他们的小儿子对燕子着迷)”可知，在这一家人快要离开时他们的小儿子快速地选择了自己着迷的燕子贴纸。故选A。【24题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：男孩的弟弟在选择蝴蝶贴纸之前花时间浏览了所有的贴纸选择。A.goingabout四处走动；B.goingby流逝；过去C.goingfor争取得到；D.goingthrough浏览。根据“allthestickerchoicesbeforechoosingabutterfly.”可知，男孩在选择蝴蝶贴纸前花时间浏览了所有的贴纸。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲立即催促男孩向我要第二张贴纸。A.demanded要求；B.suggested建议；C.urged敦促；D.persuaded说服。从本句中的“immediately(立即)”及小男孩一家人要离开可知，小男孩父亲会催促小男孩向作者要贴纸。故选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很惊讶。A.satisfied满意的；B.astonished惊讶的；C.pleased高兴的；D.thrilled激动的。根据下文“Suchwisdom,grace(这种智慧、优雅)”和“allfromaneight-year-oldboy(都来自一个八岁的男孩。)”可知作者是惊讶于一个小男孩所拥有的品质。故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种智慧、优雅和感激，都来自一个八岁的男孩。A.gratitude感恩；B.patience耐心；C.concentration专注；D.respect尊重。根据上文“I’mhappywithwhatIhave.(我对我所拥有的很满意)”可知小男孩知足常乐，而作者对小男孩感恩的品质很欣赏。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们常常忘记对自己所拥有的感到快乐，在健忘中，我们传播了不满的感染。A.used用；B.tried试，努力；C.pretended假装；D.forgot忘记。根据下文关键词“forgetfulness(健忘)”可知，此处为忘记。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们常常忘记对自己所拥有的感到快乐，在健忘中，我们传播了不满的感染。A.concept概念；B.assumption假设；C.infection感染；D.lie谎言。根据“spread”推知，是传播了不满的感染，即带动周围的人对自己所拥有的感到不满。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在与销售人员的讨论中，他说“两年之内，你可能想要一个新的。”A.cashier收银员；B.host主持人；C.salesman销售员；D.waiter服务员。由前文“Irecentlypurchasedmyfirstlaptopcomputer.(我最近购买了我的第一台笔记本电脑。)”可知，作者是去购买电脑，能与作者讨论的肯定是售货员，故选C。【31题详解】考查连词和介词词义辨析。句意：如果我的旧设备正常工作，我为什么要一个新的？A.if 如果；B.for为了；C.but但是；D.besides除此以外。根据本句前半句“WhywouldIwantanewone(为什么我要一个新的)”以及下文“Iwon’t____13____needanewlaptopintwoyears(两年内不需要新电脑)”可知，此处作者想表达的是如果自己的设备正常工作就不需要新的，故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许，“想要”是关键词。A.need需要；B.want想要；C.hope希望；D.mind介意。根据前文“WhywouldIwantanewone(为什么我要一个新的)”可知此处作者要表达“想要”这个词是关键。故选B。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我两年内不一定需要一台新笔记本电脑但我“可能会想要一台”。A.obviously显而易见地；B.specially尤其，特别地；C.simply仅仅；D.necessarily必要地。由语境可知，作者两年内不一定需要，但是可能想要一台新电脑，故选D。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我可能想要闪亮的东西，但我不需要它们。A.spare备用的；B.suitable合适的；C.shiny闪亮的；D.similar类似的。结合上文可知，此处“闪亮的东西”指代新东西，即作者可能想要新东西，但事实上并不需要“它（们）”。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我需要将我突然购买或拥有的每一次冲动确定为“想要”或“需要”。A.recognize认出；B.identify识别；C.prove证明；D.access访问。根据语境及作者想要表达的想要和需要的区别，作者在购物前需要识别自己是想要还是需要。故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Goingagainstthetideofflockingtowell-knownyetgenerallyjam-packedtouristdestinationsonvacation,a____36____(grow)numberofholidaymakersinChinatendtospendtheirleisuretimeatlesser-knownresortstoseekunique,relaxingholidayexperiences.Inrecentyearsreversetourism____37____(emerge)asanewtrendamongyoungholidaymakersinChina.Duringtheweeklongpublicholiday,whichendedonOct7,largenumbersofvacationers,especiallyyoungprofessionalswholongtoescapebusycitylife,____38____(avoid)popularholidaydestinationsinordertogetthebeatentrackandenjoysomepeaceandquiet.AccordingtodatafromonlinetravelagencyQunar,thenumberofrooms____39____(book)athotelsinless-traveledcitiesduringtheholidaywasup30percentyear-on-year.Besidescrowds,somevacationerschoseless-traveledplacestosaveonthecostoftripstopopulardestinations,____40____ofteninvolveexpensivetickets,mealsandhotelstays.Inaddition,lesser-knownattractionsarenot____41____“commercial”and“standardized”as developedonesandareabletooffermoreauthenticexperiencesandnaturalencounters,accordingtosocialmediaposts.And____42____(like)populardestinations,someunderexploredplaceswithlittleonline____43____(expose)canoffermoresurprises.JiangHan,____44____seniorresearcherattheBeijing-basedpublicpolicythinktankPangoal,saidthatreversetourismwillbecomeoneofthefuturedirectionsforthemarket_____45_____isanopportunityforgrowthcomparabletothecampingeconomy.【答案】36.growing37.hasemerged38.avoided39.booked40.which41.as##so42.unlike43.exposure44.a45.and【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍的是越来越多的中国度假者倾向于将休闲的时间花在不太知名的度假胜地，这种反向旅游成为中国年轻度假者选择的一种新趋势。【36题详解】考查形容词。句意：随着人们涌向著名但普遍拥挤的旅游目的地度假的潮流，越来越多的中国度假者倾向于把休闲时间花在不太知名的度假胜地，以寻求独特的、放松的度假体验。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词growing(增加的、增长的)作定语修饰number。故填growing。【37题详解】考查时态。句意：近年来，反向旅游已成为中国年轻度假者的一种新趋势。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据时间状语inrecentyears可知，此处应使用现在完成时态，谓语动词emerge与主语reversetourism之间为主动关系，且主语是单数，谓语单数形式。故填hasemerged。【38题详解】考查时态。句意：在10月7日结束的为期一周的公共假期期间，大量的度假者，尤其是那些渴望逃离繁忙的城市生活的年轻专业人士，避开了热门的度假目的地，去享受一些宁静。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，句子主语为vacationers，根据上文中的“Duringtheweeklongpublicholiday,whichendedonOct7”可知，此处应为一般过去时态，且该处与主语之间为主动关系。故填avoided。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据在线旅行社去哪儿网的数据，假日期间在游客较少的城市的酒店预订的房间数量同比增长了30% 。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词rooms，book与rooms之间为被动关系，结合句意可知，此处表示的动作已经发生，所以使用过去分词形式。故填booked。【40题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：除了人群，一些度假者选择了一些较少去的地方，以节省去热门目的地的费用，这通常包括昂贵的机票、餐饮和酒店住宿。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词是thecostoftrips，指物，用关系代词which。故填which。【41题详解】考查固定结构。句意：此外，据社交媒体上的帖子显示，不太为人所知的景点不像开发的那样“商业”和“标准化”，能够提供更真实的体验和自然的接触。分析句子结构可知，此处考查的是“...as+形容词/副词原级+as...”结构，意为“和……一样……”，其中第一个as用于否定句时也可以使用so。故填as/so。【42题详解】考查介词。句意：与热门目的地不同，一些开发不足、很少在网上曝光的地方可以提供更多的惊喜。分析句子结构可知，此处应为介词，结合句意可知，此处表示“与……不同”应为unlike。故填unlike。【43题详解】考查名词。句意：与热门目的地不同，一些开发不足、很少在网上曝光的地方可以提供更多的惊喜。此空前为形容词，所以此处应填名词，expose的名词为exposure意为“曝光，接触”，且为不可数名词。故填exposure。【44题详解】考查冠词。句意：北京公共政策Pangoal智库的高级研究员JiangHan表示，反向旅游将成为市场的未来方向之一，是一个与露营经济相媲美的增长机会。分析句子结构可知，此空所在的短语为同位语，对前面的名词JiangHan进行解释说明，空后researcher为可数名词单数，且为泛指，被解释对象JiangHan为一个高级研究员，所以填不定冠词，空后形容词senior首字母为辅音。故填a。【45题详解】考查连词。句意：北京公共政策Pangoal智库的高级研究员姜汉表示，反向旅游将成为市场的未来方向之一，是一个与露营经济相媲美的增长机会。分析句子结构可知，此处需填连词连接两个句子，结合句意可知，空前句子与空后的句子之间为并列关系。故填and。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假设你是李华，近期你收到“Z世代国际青年说(VoiceZ)”节目组邀请为其“文化”板块录制一个演讲视频，请你给节目联络人Emma写一封信商讨相关事宜，内容包括： 1.感谢邀请;2.告知演讲话题并说明原因;3.期待回信。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearEmma,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearEmma,ThankyouforinvitingmetodoavideospeechfortheCultureColumnoftheZEraInternationalYouthTalkProgramReferringtothetopic,I’dliketotalkaboutthegenerationgap.Itisacommonphenomenonexitingeverywherebetweenparentsandchildren,whichresultsinmisunderstandingsbetweenlovedones.Iwilldiscusstheharmofitandrecommendsomewaystosolveit.Ifyouhaveanyrequirements,pleasecontactme.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给“Z世代国际青年说(VoiceZ)”节目联络人Emma写一封信商讨为其“文化”板块录制一个演讲视频，表示感谢并告知演讲话题和说明原因。【详解】1.词汇积累谈及：referto→intermsof引起：resultin→cause谈论：talkabout→discuss介绍：recommend→introduce2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Iwilltalkabouttheharmofitandrecommendsomewaystosolveit. 拓展句：Iwilltalkabouttheharmofitandrecommendsomewaysthatpeoplecanusetosolveit.【点睛】【高分句型1】Itisacommonphenomenonexitingeverywherebetweenparentsandchildren,whichresultsinmisunderstandingsbetweenlovedones.（运用了现在分词短语作定语以及which引导的非限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】Ifyouhaveanyrequirements,pleasecontactme.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。OverthesummerImovedfromTexastoMissouri.Thiswasmysecondyearofhighschool,butmyfirstyearofschoolinMissouri.Iwasreallynervousaboutstartinganewschoolandhavingpeoplelikeme.IdecidedthatIwouldbemuchhappierinanewschoolifImadefriendsthatwereso-called“popular”.Gettinginwiththerightgroupofpeoplewouldmakemylifeawholelotbetter.Iboughtanewoutfitsothefirstdaywouldbeperfect.Onthefirstdayofschool,scared,yeteagertobeginmynewlife,Iwalkedupthestairs.Myfirstclasswasgeometry,butwherewasthat?Iwasstandinginthehalllookingconfused,whenashort,blondgirlwearingglassescameupandasked,“Areyounew?Youlooklost.Doyouwantmetohelpyoufindyourclass?MynameisDiane.What’syours?”Eventhoughsheseemedabitstrange,definitelynotthekindofpersonIwantedtobeassociatedwith,Idecidedtoanswerheranyway.Iwas,afterall,lost.Afterexchangingnames,Ifollowedherupthestairsanddownahallwayontheright.Whenwereachedmyroomshesaid,“Well,hereyouare.Itwasnicemeetingyou.IhopeIseeyouagainandyourdaygoesallright.”Isaidaquickthank-youandwavedgood-bye.Onceinsidetheclassroom,Isawonebiggroupofpeoplehuddledaroundsomeonewhoseemedtobetellingsomesortofstory.Iwalkedoverandgotcloseenoughtooverhear.Alleyesweregluedtotheguyinthemiddleofthecircle.Idecidedthatthisguywaspopular.Afewminuteslatertheteachertoldeveryonetogofindaseatandgetreadyfortheclass.Imanagedtogetonerightnexttotheguy.Isaid,“Hi,mynameisAprilandI’mnewhere.”Hesaidcoldly,“Hi,I’mJohnny.”Thatclassdraggedonandon.Finally,thebellrang.Iturnedtohimandasked,“I’mnotsurewheremynextclassis,couldyouhelpmefindit?”Helookedatmeandthensaidaquickno,turnedbacktohisfriends,andwalkedoutoftheclassroom.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Astheywerewalkingout,Iheardtheywerealllaughingatme. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________BeforeIwasreadytogohome,Iheardafamiliarvoicecallingmyname.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Astheywerewalkingout,Iheardtheywerealllaughingatme.Theirshrilllaughingletmeblushwithshame.IfeltsoembarrassedthatIcouldn’tdoanythingbutsitthere,keepingmybodyunmovedandholdingbackmytears.WhatIwantedtodoisjusttomakefriendswiththem.Icouldn’tfigureoutwhytheylaughedatme.Butonethingwascertain,thatis,Imustremovedmyselffromtheirpresence.Therefore,Iwasn’treadytoleaveuntiltheywalkedfaraway.BeforeIwasreadytogohomeIheardafamiliarvoicecallingmyname.IfeltverystrangesinceIwasnewherewithoutmakinganyfriends.Turningaround,IsawDianewhocameuptomewithawarmsmileonherface.Shesaidshewouldwalktogetherwithme.Whatakindandfriendlygirlshewas,Ithought.IwasdeeplymovedsothatIleftallmyembarrassmentandsadnessbehind.Onourwayhome,wetalkedalotandIwassurprisedtofindwehadalotincommon.Ialsorealizedthetruemeaningofafriend.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者进入新学校第一天的迷茫与困惑。作者一开始找不到教室，一个名叫戴安娜的女孩主动提供帮助并带领他找到了教室，但作者却不想与戴安娜交朋友。之后在教室遇到非常受欢迎的约翰尼，作者向其寻求帮助，却被无情的拒绝。【详解】1.段落续写：①.由第一段首句内容“当他们走出去的时候，我听到他们都在嘲笑我”可知，第一段可描写作者听到嘲笑之后的心理状态及情绪表现。②.由第二段首句内容“在我准备回家之前，我听到一个熟悉的声音在喊我的名字。”可知，第二段可描写作者听到声音之后的反应及作者的感想。2.续写线索：被嘲笑——尴尬——伤心——听到熟悉的声音——感动——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①.抑制眼泪：holdbackmytears/retainmytears ②.接近，靠近：comeup/approach③.一起走路：walktogether/accompanyhim/keephimcompany情绪类①.感动：bemoved/betouched②.悲伤：sadness/sorrow【点睛】【高分句型1】WhatIwantedtodoisjusttomakefriendswiththem.（使用了what引导的主语从句）【高分句型2】Turningaround,IsawDianewhocameuptomewithawarmsmileonherface.（使用了现在分词作状语，及who引导的定语从句）听力答案：1-5CBABC6-10CACBA11-15BCACB16-20CABCA