江苏省无锡市2022-2023学年高三英语上学期期中调研试卷（Word版含解析）

无锡市2022年秋学期高三期中教学质量调研测试英语注意事项及说明：1.考试前请将答题卡上的项目填写清楚。2.试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。3.答案一律写在答题卡上。考试结束时，上交答题卡。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whosuggestsclimbingthetower?A.Dave.B.Julie.C.Tony.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Doctorandpatient.B.Motherandson.C.Teacherandstudent3.Whatdoesthewomanprobablydo?A.Ateacher.B.Adoctor.C.Astudent.4.WhatdoesBobthinkofthebook?A.Funny.B.Attractive.C.Uninteresting.5.Howdoesthewomandealwithdifficultlectures?A.Byrecordingthem.B.Bytalkingwithlecturers.C.Bytakingnotes.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whoisinthepictureonthewall? A.Thefather.B.Themother.C.Theboy.7.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman?A.Arolemodel.B.Acrazycamper.C.Agoodreader.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Howlongwillthemangoonabusinesstrip?A.For2days.B.For3days.C.For5days.9Whichwordcandescribetheweatherofthefollowingdays?A.Hot.B.Cloudy.C.Changeable.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inauniversity.B.Ataparty.C.Onabusinesstrip.11.WhendidTomgraduatefromuniversity?A.5yearsago.B.3yearsago.C.2yearsago.12.WhatdoesTomexpectLilytodo?A.Helphimfindajob.B.VisitHongKongsomeday.C.Showhimaroundtheschool.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatdoesthewomanusuallydoonweekdaystokeepfit?A.Gocycling.B.Gohiking.C.Gorunning.14.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofrunning?A.Boring.B.Exciting.C.Hard.15.Whatexerciseisthebesttokeepfitaccordingtotheman?A.Running.B.Rowing.C.Cycling16.Whatwillthemandonextweek?A.Joinagym.B.Gohiking.C.Buyarowingmachine.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.Outbreaksoftheterribleviruses.B.MathandreadingtestresultsofAmericanchildren. C.NegativeeffectsonstudiesbecauseoftheCOVID-19pandemic.18.Whichofthefollowinghadthefirstdecreaseaccordingtothestudy?A.testresults.B.Readingtestresults.C.Historytestresults.19.Howmanypercentagepointsdidaveragereadingtestfallbetween2020and2022?A.9.B.7.C.5.20.Whatstillaffectedstudents’learningafterstudentsreturnedtoschool?A.ThedatareleasedonThursday.B.ThedifficultiesinAmerica’seducation.C.Theoutbreakofvirusamongschoolworkersandstudents.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWhenyougetreadytochooseyournaturalshampoo(洗发水),makesureyoureadthelabel.Itshouldnevercontainmorethannineingredients(成份).Otherwise,itismorelikelytohaveharmfulartificialingredients.Someproductsstatethatthey’reorganic,butthisisn’talwaystrue.Trytofindthefollowingnaturalingredients.*CoconutOilandAloeVera:Theseareknowntostimulatethegrowthofhairbykeepingyourheadskinmoisturized(湿润).*OrganicSheaButter:Thiswillenhancethenaturalcolorandshineofyourhair.*BetaGlucan:Thishasimmune-enhancingqualitiesthatwillstartrelievingyourirritated(受刺激的)skincells.*OrganicTeaTreeoil:Thiscontainsantiseptic(防腐剂)propertiesthatwillhelpmaintainthehealthofyourskinbypreventinganyskinirritants.Keepingyourhairbeautiful,thick,andhealthyisimportant.Withnaturalhaircareproducts,therearemanydifferentvarietiesthatyoucanchoosefrom.Makesureyoudoyourresearchandpickoutanoptionthat’sgoingtobebestforyourhair:whetherit’salreadythick,whetherit’sthinning,whetheryou’relosinghair,orwhetheryou’retryingforastrongerlook.Therearemanyreasonsyoushouldlookfornaturalhaircareproductsinsteadofchoosingartificialoptions.Therearealsomanyplaceswhereyoucanbuythem.Ifyoucareaboutyourhairand wanttopromotehairgrowthwhiledecreasingthenumberofchemicalsthatgointoyourhair,thenyoushouldlookintopurchasingmorenaturaloptions.Youwon’tbedisappointed.1.Inwhichcolumnofamagazinecanwefindthistext?A.Education.B.Amusement.C.Life.D.Sports.2.Whatingredientmayensureshiningcolorofyourhairaccordingtothetext?A.CoconutOilandAloeVera.B.OrganicSheaButter.C.BetaGlucan.D.OrganicTeaTreeOil.3.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Doingmoreresearch.B.Promotingyourhairgrowth.C.ChoosingNaturalShampoo.D.Guaranteeingnineingredients.【答案】1.C2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲是当你准备选择天然洗发水时应该试着找到一些天然成分，文章对这些天然成分的作用进行了介绍。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Whenyougetreadytochooseyournaturalshampoo,makesureyoureadthelabel.Itshouldnevercontainmorethannineingredients.(当你准备选择天然洗发水时，一定要阅读标签。它的成分不能超过九种)”可知，本文是关于选择天然洗发水的。由此推知，我们能在杂志的生活栏目中找到这篇文章。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“*OrganicSheaButter:Thiswillenhancethenaturalcolorandshineofyourhair.(有机乳木果油：这将增强你头发的自然颜色和光泽)”可知，可以保证你的头发有光泽的颜色的成分是有机乳木果油。故选B。【3题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Whenyougetreadytochooseyournaturalshampoo(洗发水),makesureyoureadthelabel.(当你准备选择天然洗发水时，一定要阅读标签)”和第一段的“Trytofindthefollowingnaturalingredients.(试着找到以下的天然成分)”可知，本文主要讲的是选择含天然成分的洗发水，即ChoosingNaturalShampoo。故选C。B Itseemsthateveryweekwefindoutsomeonebrokeintoabigcompany’sdatabases—liketherecentEquifaxdatabreach(违规)—andmadeoffwithmillionsofcreditcardnumbers,passwordsandothervaluableinformation.Andnowanewkindofworry:someonecouldseizecontrolofyourwirelesshomenetworkandstealyourinformationfromunderyournose.That’sthepossibilityraisedbyacoupleofcybersecurityresearchersfromtheCatholicUniversityofLeuveninBelgium.Theproblem,theysay,isaweaknessintheveryprotocolmeanttomakewi-fisecure.ThatprotocoliscalledWi-FiProtectedAccessII,WPA2.AndWPA2’sweaknesscouldallowanattackerwithinphysicalrangeofyourwi-finetworktomakeacopyofthatnetworkthattheycouldthencontrol.Theresearcherscalltheirapproachakeyreinstallationattack,orKRACK.It’simportanttoknowthataKRACKattackremainsapossibilityfornow.Thescientistsrealizedthethreatwhileinvestigatingwirelesssecurity.They’llpresentthisresearchonNovember1stattheComputerandCommunicationsSecurity(CCS)conferenceinDallasandinDecemberattheBlackHatEuropeconferenceinLondon.IntheirKRACKassumption,wirelessdeviceswouldbefooledintoconnectingtothefalsenetwork.Andtheattackerwouldbeabletoaccessalloftheinformationthatdevicessendandreceivewhileconnectedtothatnetwork—evonifthatinformationhasbeencoded.AndroidandLinuxwouldbeespeciallyeasytoattackbecauseofhowtheirencryptionkeys(密钥)areconfigured(设定).Onemeasureofprotectionagainstsuchanattackwouldbetomakesuretheyyou’veinstalled(安装)themostup-to-dateversionsofyourapps,browsersandwirelessroutersoftware.Updatedsoftwareismostlikelytoincludethesecuritypatches(补丁)neededtoavoidfallingvictimtoaKRACKattack,becausechancesarethatKRACKwon’tremainsimplyaproof-of-conceptforlong.4.WhatarehomeInternetusersconcernedaboutnow?A.TheirInternetmaybedisconnected.B.Theircreditcardsmightbeinaccessible.C.Theirhomenetworkmightbedestroyed.D.Theirpersonalinformationmightbestolen.5.HowcantheattackertakeadvantageoftheWPA2’sweakness?A.Byinstallingakey.B.Byapproachingphysicalrange.C.Bycopyingandcontrollingthenetwork.D.BycontrollingtheInternetusers.6.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4? A.Thefalsenetworkcontributeslittletosuchattack.B.Ifcoded,theinformationwillbefreefromdanger.C.Androidiseasytoattackforlackofencryptionkeys.D.Alloftheinformationmightbeaccessibletotheattacker.7.WhatcanpeopledotoprotectagainstKRACKattack?A.Purchasethebest-qualityapps.B.KeeptheproofofKRACKlong.C.Ignorethepatchesofthecomputers.D.Installthelatestrelevantsoftware.【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是连接无线网时的一种新忧患——KRACK攻击。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Andnowanewkindofworry:someonecouldseizecontrolofyourwirelesshomenetworkandstealyourinformationfromunderyournose.(现在又出现了一种新的担忧：有人可能会控制你的无线家庭网络，并在你的眼皮底下窃取你的信息。)”可知，家庭互联网用户现在的担忧是他们的个人信息可能会被窃取。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“AndWPA2’sweaknesscouldallowanattackerwithinphysicalrangeofyourwi-finetworktomakeacopyofthatnetworkthattheycouldthencontrol.(WPA2的弱点可能会让在你wi-fi网络物理范围内的攻击者复制一个他们可以控制的网络。)”可知，攻击者利用WPA2的弱点，复制和控制网络，故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Andtheattackerwouldbeabletoaccessalloftheinformationthatdevicessendandreceivewhileconnectedtothatnetwork—evonifthatinformationhasbeencoded.(攻击者将能够访问连接到该网络的设备发送和接收的所有信息——即使这些信息已被编码。)”可知，所有的信息都有可能被攻击者获取。故选D。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Onemeasureofprotectionagainstsuchanattackwouldbetomakesuretheyyou’veinstalledthemostup-to-dateversionsofyourapps,browsersandwirelessroutersoftware.(防止这种攻击的一个措施是确保你安装了最新版本的应用程序、浏览器和无线路由器软件。)”可知，人们可以安装最新的相关软件来防止KRACK攻击，故选D。 CWorkingatadeskalldaymaynotbeasbadforyourhealthassitinginfrontofatelevisionafterwork.ThatisafindingofanewstudydoneintheUnitedStates.Italsosuggeststhatnotallformsofsittingareequallybad.JeanetteGarciaworksasaresearcherattheUniversityofCentralFloridainOrlandoandsheledthestudy.“We’vebeenhearingmoreandmoreabouthowsittingisthenewsmoking.”shesaid.Sheaddedthatotherevidencesuggestsarelationshipbetweenhealthproblemsandtimespentsitting.“However,it’sbeenunclearwhetherallsittingiscreatedequal,suggestingthataslongasyoureduceanytypeofsitting,thenthat’shelpfulinimprovinghealth,”sheadded.“Thisstudysuggeststhatthismaynotbethecase,andthatweshouldfocusmoreonleisuretimesitting,mainlytelevisionviewingtime,ratherthanothersitting,ingeneral.”Thestudyfollowedcloseto3,600African-Americanadults.Almostone-thirdofthemwatchedTVformorethanfourhoursaday.Alittlemorethanone-thirdofthesubjectsspentbetweentwoandfourhoursadaysittinginfrontoftheTV.TheremainingthirdwatchedTVforlessthantwohoursaday.Researchersfollowedthegroupforanaverageof8.4years.Duringthestudy,205ofthesubjectsdiedand129otherssufferedaheartattackorstroke(中风).Comparedtopeoplewhowatchedlessthantwohoursoftelevisiondaily,thosewhospentmorethanfourhoursinfrontoftheTVwere49percentmorelikelytodieorhaveaheartattackorstroke.ButtheundesirablehealtheffectsofwatchingTVappearedtobelimitedtoadultswhofailedtogettherecommendedamountofweeklyexercise.Thatisaround150minutesofmildphysicalactivityor75minutesofstrongexerciseeveryweek.Thestudyhadsomelimitations,however.LinYang,anotherresearcher,saysthatsittinginfrontoftheTVmightbeworsethansitingatadeskbecausepeoplesnackwhilewatchingTV.Somepeoplesimplystayuptoolateanddonotgetenoughsleep.“Eatingtreatsorlackofsleepcouldbothcauseweightgainandincreaseriskfactorsforheartdisease.Thesefactorscouldmakepeoplemorelikelytodieearly,”sheadded.8.WhatcanwelearnfromJeanetteGarcia’sstudy?A.Allformsofsittingareequallybad.B.Lesssittinghelpstoimprovehealth.C.Sittinglonghasthesameeffectassmoking. D.Healthproblemhasmuchtodowithworkingatadesk.9.Whichofthefollowingwillcausepeopletohavethehighestliferisks?A.WatchingTVlongandsnacking.B.Readinginthestudyforfourhoursaday.C.Failingtogetrecommendedamountofexercise.D.Having75minutesofstrongexerciseeveryweek.10.Whatshouldanadultdotoreducethehighriskoflife?A.Goondiets.B.Takeenoughexercise.C.Stayuplate.D.Eattreatswhilesiting.【答案】8.B9.A10.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是美国一项新研究发现，整天伏案工作对健康的危害可能没有下班后坐在电视机前那么大。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“However,it’sbeenunclearwhetherallsittingiscreatedequal,suggestingthataslongasyoureduceanytypeofsitting,thenthat’shelpfulinimprovinghealth(然而，目前还不清楚是否所有的久坐都是一样的，这表明只要你减少任何一种类型的久坐，就有助于改善健康)”可知，我们能从JeanetteGarcia的研究中了解到少坐有助于改善健康。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第四段的“Comparedtopeoplewhowatchedlessthantwohoursoftelevisiondaily,thosewhospentmorethanfourhoursinfrontoftheTVwere49percentmorelikelytodieorhaveaheartattackorstroke.(与每天看电视少于两个小时的人相比，每天看电视超过四个小时的人死亡或心脏病发作或中风的可能性要高出49%)”和最后一段的“Eatingtreatsorlackofsleepcouldbothcauseweightgainandincreaseriskfactorsforheartdisease.Thesefactorscouldmakepeoplemorelikelytodieearly(吃零食或睡眠不足都可能导致体重增加，并增加患心脏病的风险因素。这些因素会使人们更有可能早死)”可知，长时间看电视和吃零食会导致人们有最高的生命风险。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的“ButtheundesirablehealtheffectsofwatchingTVappearedtobe limitedtoadultswhofailedtogettherecommendedamountofweeklyexercise.Thatisaround150minutesofmildphysicalactivityor75minutesofstrongexerciseeveryweek.(但看电视对健康的不良影响似乎仅限于那些没有达到每周建议运动量的成年人。也就是说，每周进行150分钟的轻度运动或75分钟的剧烈运动)”可知，一个成年人应该做足够的运动来减少生命的高风险。故选B。DConsiderataleoftwoAmyveterans(退伍军人).JeffservedtwotermsinAfghanistan,movedhometotheMidwest,graduatedfromcollegeandlandedasecurejobinafirm.MattfoughtalongsideJeff,lefttheArmyatthesametimeandheadedhometoNorthCarolina.Bythetimehewasinhis30s,though,Mattwasunemployedanddependentongovernmentchecks.WhydidJeffdevelopsowellwhileMattlosthiscivilianfooting?Theanswer,accordingtoDanielM.Gade,aretiredofficer,andDanielHuang,aformerWallStreetJournalreporter,istheDepartmentofVeteransAffairs(VA)—inparticular,itsstrongdisabilitysystem.Intheirconvincingdescription,theauthorsshowindetailhowawell-intendedsystemcanunintentionallyleadfragileveterans,stepbystep,awayfromtheworldsofworkandcommunity.Thepathtypicallystartsjustbeforeseparationfromtheservice.SoldiersmeetwithVArepresentativeswhoemphasizeopportunitiestocollectdisabilitycompensation(补偿).Jeff,forexample,wantedto“getoutandgeton”withhislife,whileMatttooktheVAagent’sadvice“andappliedforeveryconditionhecouldthinkof.”Matt’scareerplanhadbeentoattainanidealjobinlawenforcement(执行),butthefieldwashighlycompetitive.Sobetookajobwithhisdad’sconstructioncompany.Butthephysicaldamageofthejobwastoomuchforhiskneesandback.Deeplydepressed,nowoutofworkandlivinginhisparents’home,Matttriedcollegebutfeltunbearable.Meanwhile,anxiousabouthisfuture,bekeptapplyingforhigherdisabilityratings—receiving,eventually,amonthlytax-freecheckover$3,000.Formanypartiallyorfullydisabledveterans,PTSD(创伤应急障碍)istheirprimarydiagnosis(诊断).Thecondition,canbeveryweak,butitisalsotreatable.Apsychologisttoldtheauthorsthat,whenitcomestoPTSD,theagency“hasbeendoingharmtomillionsofveteransbytellingthemthatthey’redisabled.”InMatt’scase,remarkably,evenaftertheVAdeterminedhimtobe“housebound,”itdidn’tmandate(强制执行)treatment.“Thenaturalathletewhohadconqueredhisfearofheightstoexcelas anairborne(空降的)soldier,”theauthorswrite,“hadbecomeadisabledmanoneyearlater.”TheVA’srecordontreatmentingenerallookspoor:Moreveteranstoday,relativetotheiroverallnumbers,arecompensatedfordisabilitiesthaneverbeforeintheVA’shistory.Under0.1%oftheveteranswhoreceivedisabilitybenefitsformentaldisordershavetheirbenefitsreducedovertimebecausetheirconditionhasimproved.11.What’sthepurposeofParagraph1?A.Toleadtothetopic.B.Togiveexamples.C.Toclarifyopinions.D.Tointroducetwoveterans.12.WhydidMattfallintothedifficultsituationaccordingtoDanielM.GadeandDanielHuang?A.HedependedtoomuchonVA.B.Hedidn’tfightasbravelyasJeff.C.Hedidn’tbenefitfromthesystem.D.Hewasunwillingtoworkinafirm.13.WhatdoestheunderlinedexpressionprobablymeaninParagraph3?A.TofollowtheVAAgent’sadvice.B.Tostayawayfromworkandcommunity.C.Toleavethearmyandgetalongwellwithotherveterans.D.Toearnhisownlivingratherthanapplyforcompensation.14.WhatattitudedidMatttakefacinghispresentsituation?A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Optimistic.D.Cautious.15.Whydidtheairbornesoldierbecomeadisabledman?A.Hefailedtoconquerhisfear.B.TheAVmadethefalsediagnosis.C.Hedidn’tgetenoughcompensation.D.TheVAdidn’tprovideproperservice.【答案】11.A12.A13.D14.B15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是一个叫做退伍军人事务部的部门，以及这个部门对退伍军人的影响。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“WhydidJeffdevelopsowellwhileMattlosthiscivilianfooting?Theanswer,accordingtoDanielM.Gade,aretiredofficer,andDanielHuang,aformerWallStreetJournalreporter,istheDepartmentofVeteransAffairs(VA)—inparticular,itsstrongdisabilitysystem.(为什么杰夫发展得这么好而马特却失去了他的平民的立足地？根据退休军官DanielM. Gade和前《华尔街日报》记者DanielHuang的说法，答案是退伍军人事务部(VA)——尤其是它强大的残疾人系统。)”可知，第一段的目的是引出本文的话题，即退伍军人事务部及这个部门对退伍军人的影响，故选A。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“WhydidJeffdevelopsowellwhileMattlosthiscivilianfooting?Theanswer,accordingtoDanielM.Gade,aretiredofficer,andDanielHuang,aformerWallStreetJournalreporter,istheDepartmentofVeteransAffairs(VA)—inparticular,itsstrongdisabilitysystem.(为什么Jeff发展得这么好而马特却失去了他的平民的立足地？根据退休军DanielM.Gade和前《华尔街日报》记者DanielHuang的说法，答案是退伍军人事务部(VA)——尤其是它强大的残疾人系统。)”和第三段的“Jeff,forexample,wantedto“getoutandgeton”withhislife,whileMatttooktheVAagent’sadvice“andappliedforeveryconditionhecouldthinkof.(例如，杰夫想“走出去，继续”自己的生活，而马特接受了VA的代理的建议，“申请了他能想到的所有条件”。)”可知，根据DanielM.Gade和DanielHuang的说法，马特之所以会陷入困境是因为他太依赖退伍军人事务部了，故选A。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段的“whileMatttooktheVAagent’sadvice“andappliedforeveryconditionhecouldthinkof(而马特采纳了VA的代理的建议，“申请了他能想到的所有条件”)”可知，Jeff没有依靠赔偿而是自力更生，因此划线短语getoutandgeton的意思是“自己谋生，而不是申请赔偿”，即toearnhisownlivingratherthanapplyforcompensation，故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的“Deeplydepressed,nowoutofworkandlivinginhisparents’home,Matttriedcollegebutfeltunbearable.Meanwhile,anxiousabouthisfuture,bekeptapplyingforhigherdisabilityratings—receiving,eventually,amonthlytax-freecheckover$3,000.(马特现在失业了，住在父母家里，心情非常沮丧，他试着上大学，但觉得无法忍受。与此同时，由于担心自己的未来，他不断地申请更高的残疾等级——最终，他得到了一张每月超过3000美元的免税支票。)”可知，马特面对他现在的处境采取了消极的态度，故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“InMatt’scase,remarkably,evenaftertheVAdeterminedhimtobe“housebound,”itdidn’tmandate(强制执行)treatment.(在马特的病例中，值得注意的是，即使VA决定他“在家休息”，它没有强制治疗。)”可知，这位士兵成为残疾人的原因是VA 没有提供适当的服务。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AdvantagesofSolarPowerAsthenamesuggests,solarpowermakesthemostofthesunlightandisputtogooduseforitsusers.Despitesomedisadvantages,theadvantagesofitaresogreatthattheycannotbeignored.Inshort,solarelectricitysystemisanexcellentadditiontootherconventionalsourcesofenergy.____16____Asolarpanelsystem,whencoupledtoyourelectricfunction,cansufficientlyreduceorevencancelyourelectricbill,yetprovidingyouwiththeoptionofusingtraditionalpowerwheneverneeded.____17____.It’ssimpletooperateaswellandthisisanotheradvantage.Justensurethatyouhavetherighttechnologyintermsofspaceuseandperformance.Butperhapsthemostwidelywell-knownadvantageofsolarpoweristhatthisisgreenenergy.____18____Thisisagreatadvantageintoday’sworldwhereweneedtobeconcernedaboutthehighlevelsofpollutionandglobalwarning.Letusalltakesomeresponsibilityanddosomethingthatcancleanupouratmospheretosomeextentatleast.Sowhileontheonehandsolarpowerisclean,ontheotherhand,itcanalsogreatlyreducetheelectricitybilloftheusers.____19____Soifyouarethinkingintermsofinstallingasolarelectricsysteminyourhomeorcommercialproperty,youshouldgoaheadanddoitbyallmeans.Andthebestnewsisthatthesolarpowersystemcanbebuiltinyourhouseitself.____20____Thatiswhyyouneedabrochurethatcantellyouallabouttheseissues.A.Soitistimetotakeaction.B.Youcannotignoretheadvantagesmentionedabove.C.Whenreferredto,solarenergyisperhapsthebestpowerintheworld.D.Also,theflexiblesystemallowsyoutouseitonawiderangeofapplications.E.Butyouneedtoknowhowandwheretomakeit,wheretogetthepartsaffordablyetc.F.Thispowerdoesnotcauseanypollutionwhichiswhyitissuchanattractiontomany.G.Herearesomeoftheadvantagesofequippingasolarpowersysteminyourhomeoroffice. 【答案】16.G17.D18.F19.B20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是太阳能的优点。【16题详解】根据第二段的“Asolarpanelsystem,whencoupledtoyourelectricfunction,cansufficientlyreduceorevencancelyourelectricbill(太阳能电池板系统，当与您的电力功能相结合时，可以充分减少甚至取消您的电费账单)”可知，第一空后是要介绍太阳能的优点，G选项“Herearesomeoftheadvantagesofequippingasolarpowersysteminyourhomeoroffice.(以下是在你的家里或办公室配备太阳能系统的一些优点。)”引出了下文对太阳能的优点的介绍，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选G。【17题详解】根据空前的“Asolarpanelsystem,whencoupledtoyourelectricfunction,cansufficientlyreduceorevencancelyourelectricbill,yetprovidingyouwiththeoptionofusingtraditionalpowerwheneverneeded.(太阳能电池板系统，当与您的电力功能相结合时，可以充分减少甚至取消您的电费账单，同时为您提供在任何需要时使用传统电力的选择。)”可知，这种太阳能电池板系统是很灵活的，D选项“Also,theflexiblesystemallowsyoutouseitonawiderangeofapplications.(此外，灵活的系统允许您在广泛的应用中使用它。)”说明了这种系统的另外一个优点，且“flexible”和空前说既能减少电的使用，在需要时也可以用传统电力的这种灵活性相互呼应，因此D选项承接上文，符合语境，故选D。【18题详解】空前说“Butperhapsthemostwidelywell-knownadvantageofsolarpoweristhatthisisgreenenergy.(但也许太阳能最广为人知的优点是它是一种绿色能源。)”，F选项“Thispowerdoesnotcauseanypollution,whichiswhyitissuchanattractiontomany.(这种能源不会造成任何污染，这就是为什么它如此吸引许多人的原因。)”说明了太阳能环保这一个优点，和空前说它是绿色能源相呼应，因此F选项承接上文，符合语境，故选F。【19题详解】空后说“Soifyouarethinkingintermsofinstallingasolarelectricsysteminyourhomeorcommercialproperty,youshouldgoaheadanddoitbyallmeans.(因此，如果你正在考虑在你的家庭或商业物业安装太阳能电力系统，你应该去做，无论如何都要这么做。)”，因此空格处应该说明要安装这种太阳能电力系统的原因，结合前面讲的太阳能电力系统的好处优点可知，B 选项“Youcannotignoretheadvantagesmentionedabove.(你不能忽视上面提到的优点。)”很好地解释了为什么一定无论如何要安装这种系统，因此B选项引起下文，符合语境，故选B。【20题详解】空后说“Thatiswhyyouneedabrochurethatcantellyouallabouttheseissues.(这就是为什么你需要一本能告诉你所有这些问题的小册子。)”，空格处应提到某些问题，E选项“Butyouneedtoknowhowandwheretomakeit,wheretogetthepartsaffordablyetc.(但你需要知道如何以及在哪里制造，哪里才能买到便宜的零件等等。)”中提到了一些问题，和后文需要一个能告诉这些问题的答案的小册子相呼应，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Whenafamouscommentator(评论员)advisedgentlemenoverfiftygetaPSAtest,Icalledmydoctor’sofficeandmadea(n)____21____tohaveitdone.Tendayslater,Igotthebadresults:myprostate(前列腺)cancerwas____22____.Mydoctorexplainedtomethevarioustreatment____23____.Idecidedtohavetheprostateremovedandgetridofthecancer____24____,asithadnotspreadoutsidetheprostateyet.Mysurgerywassuccessfulandallthecancerhadbeen____25____.Thenextday,Iwas____26____fromthehospitalwithpost-operativeinstructionsanddirections.Isoonlearnedthatallthebodyfunctionswereworking____27____andmyPSAlevelwaszero.Onemorningshortlythereafter,mywifeandI____28____asignbytheroadrequesting____29____forSuncoastHospiceofFlorida.Wedecideditwastimetogivebackforourgood______30______.Aftersixinformativeclasses,webecamevolunteersforSuncoastHospice.Aftersavingmyself,itwasnowtimetohelpothersbyregularlyvisitingnursing-home______31______.Now,yearslater,Iamstillcancer-free,andwearestillhospicevolunteers.OurdaysvolunteeringforSuncoastHospicehavebeenvery______32______forus.Ourfirstfewvisitswithanursing-homeresidentaretogivehim/hera(n)______33______togettoknowus.Sometimes,ourvisitswiththeresidentareveryshort,butsometimestheyarequite______34______.ThelicenseplateonthefrontofmycarisfromSuncoastHospice,whichreads,“EveryDay’sa______35______.” 21.A.appointmentB.responseC.decisionD.order22.A.plannedB.announcedC.treatedD.decided23.A.purposesB.instrumentsC.optionsD.outcomes24.A.entirelyB.graduallyC.partlyD.properly25.A.treatedB.developedC.removedD.controlled26.A.drivenB.separatedC.preventedD.released27A.terriblyB.smoothlyC.quicklyD.carefully28.A.designedB.inspectedC.paintedD.spotted29.A.volunteersB.doctorsC.nursesD.directors30.A.fortuneB.cureC.medicineD.care31.A.applicantsB.guardsC.patientsD.surgeons32.A.comfortableB.rewardingC.efficientD.generous33.A.addressB.methodC.exampleD.opportunity34.A.remarkableB.limitedC.longD.endless35.A.DreamB.RoutineC.HolidayD.Gift【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.A25.C26.D27.B28.D29.A30.A31.C32.B33.D34.C35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者患前列腺癌之后，手术很成功。康复之后，作者投入到临终关怀医院当志愿者的活动中去。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当一位著名的评论员建议五十岁以上的男士做PSA检查时，我打电话到我的医生办公室预约了做这项检查。A.appointment约会；B.response答复；C.decision决定；D.order命令。makeanappointment预约。根据“Whenafamouscommentator(评论员)advisedgentlemenoverfiftygetaPSAtest,”可知，作者和医生预约做PSA检查。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：十天后，我得到了糟糕的结果：前列腺癌被确诊了。A.planned计划；B.announced告知；C.treated对待；D.decided决定。根据“Tendayslater,Igotthebadresults: ”可知，医生告知作者患上前列腺癌。故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的医生向我解释了各种治疗方案。A.purposes目的；B.instruments仪器；C.options方案；D.outcomes结果。根据“Idecidedtohavetheprostateremovedandgetridofthecancer____4____,asithadnotspreadoutsidetheprostateyet.”可知，医生提供作者各种前列腺癌的治疗方案。故选C。24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我决定把前列腺切除，把癌细胞完全清除掉，因为癌细胞还没有扩散到前列腺外。A.entirely完全地；B.gradually逐渐地；C.partly部分地；D.properly恰当地。根据“asithadnotspreadoutsidetheprostateyet.”可知，作者选择把前列腺切除，这样可以把癌细胞完全清除掉。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的手术很成功，所有的癌症都被切除了。A.treated对待；B.developed发展；C.removed消除；D.controlled控制。根据“Idecidedtohavetheprostateremovedandgetridofthecancer____4____,asithadnotspreadoutsidetheprostateyet.”和“Mysurgerywassuccessful”可知，作者所有的癌症都被切除了。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，带着手术后的指导和指示，我出院了。A.driven驱使；B.separated分开；C.prevented阻止；D.released使出院。根据“withpost-operativeinstructionsanddirections.”可知，作者手术后出院了。故选D。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很快了解到，所有的身体功能都很正常，我的PSA水平为零。A.terribly可怕地；B.smoothly平稳地；C.quickly迅速地；D.carefully仔细地。根据“andmyPSAlevelwaszero.”可知，手术后，作者的所有的身体功能都很正常。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那之后不久的一天早上，我和妻子在路边看到一块牌子，要求为佛罗里达州的阳光海岸临终关怀医院提供志愿者。A.designed设计；B.inspected检查；C.painted粉刷；D.spotted看见。根据“bytheroadrequesting____9____forSuncoastHospiceofFlorida.”可知，作者和妻子在路边看到一块牌子。故选D。【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那之后不久的一天早上，我和妻子在路边看到一块牌子，要求为佛罗里达州的阳光海岸临终关怀医院提供志愿者。A.volunteers志愿者；B.doctors医生；C.nurses护士；D.directors导演。根据“Aftersixinformativeclasses,webecamevolunteersforSuncoastHospice.”可知，牌子上写着招募临终关怀医院提供志愿者。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们决定是时候回报我们的好运了。A.fortune幸运；B.cure治疗；C.medicine药物；D.care关心。根据“Isoonlearnedthatallthebodyfunctionswereworking____7____andmyPSAlevelwaszero.”可知，作者完全康复了，所以作者认为自己很幸运。故选A。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在拯救了自己之后，现在是时候通过定期拜访养老院的病人来帮助别人了。A.applicants申请者；B.guards警卫；C.patients病人；D.surgeons外科医生。根据“Aftersixinformativeclasses,webecamevolunteersforSuncoastHospice.”可知，养老院里需要帮助的是病人。故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在阳光海岸临终关怀医院当志愿者的日子对我们来说很有意义。A.comfortable舒服的；B.rewarding有意义的；C.efficient效率高的；D.generous慷慨的。根据“ThelicenseplateonthefrontofmycarisfromSuncoastHospice,whichreads,“EveryDay’sa_____15_____.””可知，作者做临终关怀医院当志愿者，觉得自己很有意义。故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们头几次拜访养老院的居民是为了让他/她有机会了解我们。A.address地址；B.method方法；C.example例子；D.opportunity机会。根据“Ourfirstfewvisitswithanursing-homeresident”和“gettoknowus.”可知，作者和妻子拜访养老院的目的是让养老院的病人有机会了解他们。故选D。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时，我们对居民的探访时间很短，但有时会很长。A.remarkable非凡的；B.limited有限的；C.long长的；D.endless无止境的。根据“Sometimes,ourvisitswiththeresidentareveryshort,”可知，作者和妻子探访的时间有时长，有时短。故选C。【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我车前的车牌是阳光海岸临终关怀医院的，上面写着：“每一天都是一份礼物。”A.Dream梦想；B.Routine常规；C.Holiday假日；D.Gift礼物。根据“Wedecideditwastimetogivebackforourgood_____10_____.”及全文可知，作者觉得自己很幸运，不管对作者来说还是终关怀医院的病人来说，每一天都是一份礼物。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Whatspringstomindwhenyouthinkofkungfu,alsoknownaswushu?Recently,LaurenceJ.Brahm,adocumentaryfilmmakerfromtheUnitedStates,exploredthisquestioninSearchingforKungFu.Inthemovie,Brahmembarked(开启)on____36____kungfupilgrimage(朝圣之旅).____37____(travel)tocitiesinChinaandtheUSinsearchoftheoriginandvalueofkungfu.Brahmhimselfisakungfuloverwho____38____(devote)himselftothepracticeformorethan40years.Forhim,pursuingthisskillwasmorethanapastime(消遣).Aroundadecadeago,Brahm____39____(have)agreatdifficultyinusingoneofhislegsforabouttwoyears____40____hadtowalkwithacane(拐杖).Butbypractisingkungfuhewasabletorecoverstepbystep.Now,ithasbecomeadailyroutineforhimandalsothewayhegreetstheday.ChinesekungfuisfullofwonderfulChinesephilosophyandcorevalues.Nonviolenceisoneofthesevalues.____41____isshownbothinthenameandthepractice.Kungfuartistsalwayssalute(致敬)withbaoquan.Thisletseachpersonknowthereareno____42____(hide)weaponsandshowstrust.Brahm’s____43____(appreciate)ofkungfuisclear.Heseesitas“amirrorofChineseculture”.“The____44____(tradition)valuesofkungfu,actually,areinthemindsofallChinesepeople.WhydoesChinawanttobe_____45_____harmonywithothernations?It’spartofthepsychologyoftheChinesepeople.”BrahmtoldXinhua.【答案】36a37.traveling##travelling38.hasdevoted##hasbeendevoting39.had40.and41.which42.hidden43.appreciation44.traditional 45.in【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是最近美国纪录片导演LaurenceJ.Brahm在纪录片《功夫的追寻》中探讨了武术真正的意义。【36题详解】考查冠词。句意：在电影中，Brahm开始了一场功夫朝圣之旅，前往中国和美国的城市，寻找功夫的起源和价值。修饰可数名词pilgrimage，泛指，用不定代词。Kung为辅音音素开头，用a。故填a。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Brahm开始了一场功夫朝圣之旅，前往中国和美国的城市，寻找功夫的起源和价值。非谓语动词担当后置定语，和所修饰词pilgrimage之间存在主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填travel(l)ing。【38题详解】考查时态。句意：Brahm本人是一名功夫爱好者，40多年来一直致力于练习功夫。考查从句谓语动词，根据时间状语“formorethan40years”可知，时态为现在完成时或现在完成进行时；主语who，代指lover，单数，所以谓语动词用has。故填hasdevoted/hasbeendevoting。【39题详解】考查时态。句意：大约十年前，Brahm有两年左右的时间无法使用他的一条腿，不得不拄着拐杖走路。分析句子成分可知，空处为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Aroundadecadeago”可知，时态为一般过去时。故填had。【40题详解】考查连词。句意：大约十年前，Brahm有两年左右的时间无法使用他的一条腿，不得不拄着拐杖走路。连接两个并列谓语动词，所以用连词and。故填and。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：非暴力就是其中的一种价值观，它既体现在名字上，也体现在实践中。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“oneofthesevalues”，表示物，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：这让每个人都知道没有隐藏的武器，显示了信任。修饰名词weapon用形容词形式。故填hidden。 【43题详解】考查名词。句意：Brahm对功夫的欣赏是显而易见的。分析成分可知，空处为名词形式作主语。故填appreciation。【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：功夫的传统价值，实际上，在所有中国人的头脑中。修饰名词values用形容词形式。故填traditional。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：为什么中国想与其他国家和睦相处？短语：inharmonywith，意为“与……和睦相处”。故填in。第四部分写作(共两节、满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假如你是李华，你将参加主题为“珍惜粮食”的英语演讲比赛。请撰写一份演讲稿。内容包括：1.粮食浪费的现象；2.珍情粮食的重要性；3.你的呼吁。参考词汇：cherish珍惜注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dearfellowstudents.Ifeelgreatlyhonouredtospeakhereaboutthetopic“Cherishourfood”.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________That’sall.Thankyou. 【答案】、Dearfellowstudents,Ifeelgreatlyhonoredtospeakhereaboutthetopic“Cherishourfood”.Whendiningout,weoftenordertoomuchfood.Whileinschoolcanteen,wecanfindmuchfoodleftonthetable.Somestudentsalwaysthrowleftoversintothedustbin.However,thereisneverenoughfoodfortheworldandeverygrainispriceless.What’sworse,manyaresufferingfromstarvation,especiallyinpoorareas.TreasuringfoodisaChinesetraditionalvirtue.Asweknow,everygraincomesafterhardwork.Let’scherishfoodanddoitfromnow.That’sall.Thankyou.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生撰写一份演讲稿，参加主题为“珍惜粮食”的英语演讲比赛。【详解】1.词汇积累外出吃饭：dineout→eatout太多：toomuch→overmuch足够的：enough→adequate更糟糕的是：What’sworse→Tomakematters/thingsworse2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Somestudentsalwaysthrowleftoversintothedustbin.拓展句：Somestudentsalwaysthrowleftoversintothedustbin,whichmakesalotofwaste.【点睛】【高分句型1】TreasuringfoodisaChinesetraditionalvirtue.（运用了动名词短语作主语）【高分句型2】Asweknow,everygraincomesafterhardwork.（运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句）第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段；使之构成一篇完整的短文。Theshinyblacksportscarsatatthetrafficlights.Thedriver’swindowwasdown,andthedriverwaswearingasuitanddarksunglasses.Itwasanexpensivecar.ThomasCampbellknewthatbecauseheusedtohaveone.Butnowhewassittingonabench,whichhadservedashisbedfortheprevious fewnights,withnomorethanapocketfullofchangetohisname.Thelightschanged,thecarspedoffandThomassighed.Ithadallhappenedinthespaceofayear.Hewaslaidofffrombiswell-paidjobwhentheeconomytookaturnfortheworse.Althoughhewaspaidhandsomely.helivedalifestyletomatchandalwaysspentanyraiseorbonusonexpensivebutunnecessarythings.Losinghisjobputpressureonhismarriageandhiswifeleft.Thenhecouldn’tmakehismortgage(贷款)repayments.Afewweekslaterbefoundhimselfinacheaphotelandafewmonthsafterthat,inasleepingbagunderabridgedowntown.AsThomaswalkedinthestreetslatethatnight.hethoughtaboutthemaninthecarandaboutwhetherbecouldimprovehislifeagain.Hehadgrownupquitepoor,sowasusedtonothavingmuch,butlivingoutsidewashard.Perhapsthehardestthingwashowdifferentlypeopletreatedhimnowwhenhedidn’thaveasuitorhaircut.Theyoftensaidnegativethings.Evenworsethanthatwasjusttreatinghimasinvisible.Oncehewalkedpastsomeoneheusedtoworkwith,theylookedthroughhimlikeheweren’tthere,anditmadehimfeellessthanahuman.Thenasbeturnedacorner,heheardthecriesofachildfromasecond-storeywindow.Hecouldseealittlegirlwithathickplume(缕)ofsmokesurroundingher.Helookedaboutbutnoonewasnearby.Heshoutedtothegirl,butshewascryingandcoughingandcouldn’thearhim.Thenbeheardanothercryfrominside.Itwasababy.1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Thomaslookedforawayintotheburningbuilding.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Peoplegatheredacrossthestreetandtheycheeredforhim.________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Thomaslookedforawayintotheburningbuilding.Themainentrancewaslockedsohepulledhimselfupontothefireescape.Heclimbedtothesecondfloorandovertothewindow.Thesmokewasthick,andthewindowswerecrackingfromtheheat.Hegrabbedthelittlegirlandputheronthefireescape.Thenheclimbedintotheroomandpickedthebabyupinhisarms.Hecarriedthemdowntothestreetbeforethefireenginearrived.Peoplegatheracrossthestreetandtheycheeredforhim.Thechildren’smotherhuggedhimwithtearsinhereyes.Becauseofthisbraveaction,thefrontpageofthelocalpapercalledhim“HomelessHero”.Thenhewascontactedbyacompanythatofferedhimajobtohelphimgetbackonhisfeet.ThomasCampbelldidnotfeelinvisiblyanymoreandfeelconfidentabouthisfuture.EverytimeThomasthoughtbacktothisincident,hecouldn’thelpthinking,“Itismoreblessedtogivethantoreceive.”【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了ThomasCampbell看见街上一个人开着闪亮的黑色跑车后想到了自己的一生，以前他也曾经很有钱，但是后来他失业了，妻子走了，也无法偿还贷款，之后只能睡在街上，当他变得穷困潦倒后，人们经常对他说一些否定的话，甚至当他是隐形的人，一天晚上，他发现一个小女孩和一个婴儿被困在着火的房子里。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“Thomas想办法进入着火的大楼。”可知，第一段可描写Thomas是怎么救那个小女孩和婴儿的。②由第二段首句内容“人们聚集在街对面，为他欢呼。”可知，第二段可描写孩子的妈妈是如何感谢Thomas，外界对他的帮助和他的感悟。2.续写线索：Thomas爬上二楼——Thomas救出女孩和婴儿——孩子的妈妈感谢——Thomas被提供工作——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①爬：climb/scramble ②抓住：grab/grasp③提供：offer/provide情绪类①哭：withtearsinhereyes/withhereyesfilledwithtears②自信的：confident/self-confident【点睛】[高分句型1]Thenhewascontactedbyacompanythatofferedhimajobtohelphimgetbackonhisfeet.(由that引导的限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]EverytimeThomasthoughtbacktothisincident,hecouldn’thelpthinking,“Itismoreblessedtogivethantoreceive.”(由everytime引导的时间状语从句)