英语（心得）之定语从句常考难点解析

英语论文之定语从句常考难点解析 <br />　　定语从句是高中阶段的一个重要语法内容，很多学生对此掌握的不是很好，现就同学们在使用过程中常碰到的一些稍难问题进行分析讲解，希望有所帮助，如有不当之处， 望大家批评指正。 <br />　　首先要理解定语从句的概念&mdash;&mdash;修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。看个例子：she is the girl （whom） I met at the party. <br />　　从定义我们得出 1） 从句是跟在名词或代词之后的，并起修饰作用。 <br />　　2）从句部分须缺成分，所缺的成分由先行词充当。分析先行词在从句中所充当的成分来确定用关系代词还是关系副词。 <br />　　例句中先行词返回从句应为：I met the girl at the party. <br />　　The girl 在从句中作宾语，因此用关系代词whom或省略。 <br />　　咱们在来分析一个句子：I will never forget the day ____ I went to university <br />　　先行词the day 返回从句应为：I went to university on the day. The day 在从句中作时间状语，因此用when 或on which. <br />　　再来看一下几种定语从句中的稍难现象。 <br />　　1. 关系代词前有时会出现加介词的情况，如何选择介词？ <br />　　e.g: The man ____ she is married is an engineer. <br />　　和她结婚的那个人是个工程师。 <br />　　把先行词the man 返回从句为：she is married to the man. <br />　　和某人结婚的固定搭配为：be married to sb 因此介词to 不能丢。 <br />　　先行词为人，用介词＋whom. 先行词为物，用介词﹢which <br />　　答案为：to whom <br />　　再看几组： <br />　　① This is the book _____ I spent five yuan. <br />　　② This is the book______I paid five yuan. <br />　　③ This is the book_____I learnt a lot. <br />　　完整的从句分别为：I spent five yuan on the book <br />　　I paid five yuan for the book <br />　　I learnt a lot from the book <br />　　答案为：① on which ② for which ③ from which <br />　　由此我们可以看出正确的介词是根据从句所要表达的意思和它的固定搭配选择的。 <br />　　2. As 的用法 <br />　　1） As 用于限定性定语从句时，只用在such ,the same的后面。请看例句： <br />　　a. He will repeat such points as are discussed in the book. <br />　　b. Such a student as works hard will be sure to succeed. <br />　　c. He is not the same playboy as we knew. <br />　　2） As引导的非限定性定语从句指代整个句子可位于句首，而which只能位于句末。 <br />　　e.g: a. As is known to all, the earth is round. <br />　　b. The earth is round, which/as is known to all. <br />　　这里区别开三个常考句式： <br />　　① It is known to all that the earth is round. 主语从句 <br />　　② As is known to all ,the earth is round 定语从句 <br />　　③ What is known to all is that the earth is round 主语从句表语从句 <br />　　3.定语从句中出现插入语（sb think sb know sb believe sb suppose） <br />　　时，这类插入语不计入成分。 <br />　　e.g: He is the boy____ you think is mary′s brother. <br />　　A who B whom C / D whose <br />　　先行词为the boy ,you think 作为插入语不计入成分，那么the boy 就作为从句的主语。答案为A. 在做此类含插入语的定语从句是，可直接将插入语删掉，在看先行词在从句中作甚么成分以确定关系词。 <br />　　4.以疑问句开始的定语从句需把疑问句先变成陈述句以确定先行词。 <br />　　e.g: ① Is this the factory____ your father works. <br />　　A that B where C on which D that one <br />　　② Is this factory_____ we visited last year. <br />　　A where B in which C the one D at which <br />　　第一句变成陈述句为：This is the factory____ your father works. <br />　　先行词为 the factory,返回从句中应为：your father works in the factory <br />　　因此 the fact...