北京导游词六大景点英文导游词之十三陵

北京导游词六大景点英文导游词之十三陵 <br> 北京导游词：六大景点英文导游词之十三陵 <br> 北京导游词 <br> 北京导游词考试 <br> Atadistancef50kmnrthwestfBeijingstandsanarc-shapedclusterfhillsfrntedbyasmallplain.Hereiswhere13emperrsftheMingdynasty(1368-1644)wereburied,andtheareaisknwnastheMingTmbs. <br> Cnstructinfthetmbsstartedin1409andendedwiththefallftheMingDynastyin1644.Inver200yearstmbswerebuiltveranareaf40squarekilmetres,whichissurrundedbywallsttalling40kilmetres.EachtmbislcatedattheftfaseparatehillandislinkedwiththethertmbsbyaradcalledtheSacredWay.ThestnearchwayatthesuthernendftheSacredWay,builtin1540,is14metreshighand19metreswide,andisdecratedwithdesignsfcluds,wavesanddivineanimals. <br> BeijingservedasthenatinalcapitalduringtheYuan,MingandQingdynasties.UnlikeMingandQingrulerswhallbuiltmassivetmbsfrthemselves,Yuanrulersleftnsimilarburialgrunds.Whythedifference? <br> Thishastdwithpeple''sdifferentviewsndeath.BeijingnmadscamefrmtheMngliansteppe.MnglswhestablishedtheYuanDynastyheldthebeliefthattheyhadcmefrm：earth.theyadptedasimplefuneralmethd：thedeadwasplacedinsideahllwednanmutree,whichwasthenburiedundergrassland.Grwthfgrasssnleftntracesfthetmbs. <br> Bycntrast,duringtheMingDynastyestablishedbyHanChinesecmingfrmanagriculturalscietyincentralChina,peplebelievedtheexistencefanafter-wrld,wherethedead"lived"alifesimilartthatftheliving.Mingemperr,therefre,hasgrandmausleumsbuiltfrthemselves.Qingrulersdidlikewise. <br> StneArchway <br> ThestnearchwayatthesuthernendftheSacredWay,builtin1540,is14metreshighand19metreswide,andisdecratedwithdesignsfcluds,wavesanddivineanimals.Well-prprtinedandfinelycarved,thearchwayisnefthebestpreservedspecimensfitskinkintheMingDynasty.ItisalsthelargestancientstnearchwayinChina. <br> StelePavilin <br> TheStelePavilin,ntfarfrmtheGreatPalaceGate,isactuallyapavilinwithaduble-eavedrf.OnthebackfthesteleiscarvedpetrywrittenbyEmperrQianlngftheQingDynastywhenhevisitedtheMingTmbs. <br> SacredWay <br> TheSacredWayinsidethegateftheMingTmbislinedwith18pairsfstnehumanfiguresandanimals.Theseincludefureachfthreetypesffficials：civil,militaryandmeritriusfficials,symblizingthsewhassisttheemperrintheadministratinfthestate,plusfureachfsixiypesfanimals：lin,griffin,camel,elephant,unicrnandhrse. <br> YnglingTmb <br> Yngling,builtin1536,isthetmbfrEmperrShizng,ZhuHucng(1507-1566).Hestayedinpwerfr45years. <br> DinglingTmb <br> TheDinglingTmbisthetmbfEmperrWanli(reigned1573-1619),the13themperrftheMingDynasty,whsepersnalnamewasZhuYijun,andfhistwempresses,XiaDuanandXiaJing.Thetmbwascmpletedinsixyears(1584-1590),itccupiesattalareaf1,195squaremetersattheftfDayuMuntainsuthwestftheChanglingTmb. <br> MalingTmb <br> EmperrXianzng,ZhuJianshen,andhisthreeempressesareentmbedwithinMaling.ZhuJianshen(1447-1487)wasthefirstsnfEmperrYingzng.Hestayedinpwerfr22years. <br> Wehavecveredsmefthemstsignificanttmbsfthe13Mingtmbsinthetur.Ifyuarealsinterestedinthethertmbs,thebestwayistcmeandexperienceyurself.ChanglingTmb <br> ChanglingisthetmbfemperrYngle(reigned1403-1424),thethirdemperrftheMingDynastywhsepersnalnamewasZhuDi,andfhisempress.Builtin1413,themausleumextendsveranareaf100,000squaremetres.Thesultwer,whichtellspeplewhsetmbitis,restsnacircularwallcalledthe"cityftreasures"whichsurrundstheburialmund.The"cityftreasures"atChanglinghasalengthfmrethanakilmetre. <br> UndergrundPalace <br> TheundergrundpalaceatDinglingTmbcnsistsfanantechamber,aceniralchamberandarearchamberplustheleftandrightannexes.Onefthepicturesshwsthecentralchamberwherethesacrificialutensilsarendisplay.Twmarbledrsaremadefsingleslabsandcarvedwithlife-sizehumanfigures,flwersandbirds.Mrethan3,000articleshavebeenunearthedfrmthetumulus,themstpreciusbeingthegldencrwnsftheemperrandhisqueen. <br>