广东省普通高等学校2022届高三英语模拟押题卷（二）（Word版带解析）

绝密★启用前2022届广东省普通高等学校模拟押题卷英语（二）注意事项：1．本试卷满分120分，考试用时100分钟。2．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。3．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。4．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A4HighlyOutstandingAwardsinArchitecturePritzkerArchitecturePrizeFoundedin1979bythePritzkerfamily,andfundedbytheirHyattFoundation,thePritzkerArchitecturePrizeaimstohonoralivingarchitectorarchitectswhosebuiltworkdemonstratesacombinationofthosequalitiesoftalent,visionandcommitment,whichhasproducedconsistentandsignificantcontributionstohumanityandthebuiltenvironmentthroughtheartofarchitecture.TheannualawardincludesagrantofUS$100,000.ArchitectureMasterPrizeEstablishedin2016,theArchitectureMasterPrize(AMP)wascreatedtohonor,celebrateandsharetheverybestprojectsinthefieldsofarchitecturaldesign,interiordesign,andlandscapearchitecture.Unlikeotherawards,theAMPisopentosubmissionsfromallarchitects,acrosstheworld,whetherstudentsjustbeginningtheirjourneyintothedisciplineorthosewhohaveestablishedexpertsintheirfield.Splitintotwocategories-professionalandstudentwinners-theAMPhasveryquicklyestablisheditselfasthehomeforinnovativethinking,promotingnewideas.RIBAAwards\nFoundedin1834,theRoyalInstituteofBritishArchitects(RIBA)organizesanumberofawardsasapartoftheirprogram.ThelatestwinneroftheRIBAInternationalPrize,ChildrenVillage,byAlephZeroandRosenbaumofBrazil,demonstratesexactlywhattheRIBAjuryislookingfor-aprojectwhichfitsitsenvironmentperfectly,achievingpreciselywhatwasneededinthebriefbutgoingbeyondthis,intothoserarelevelsofperfection.AIAGoldMedalTheAmericanInstituteofArchitects(AIA),foundedin1857,runsmorethanthirtyawardprograms,withtheGoldMedalbeingthemostfamousandprestigious.Thisisawardedannuallytoanindividual,orapair,whoseworkhascreatedaninfluentiallegacy,bothpractically,andalsothrougharchitecturaltheory.1.WhatisspecialabouttheAMP?A.Ithasonlytwoawards.B.Theamountoftheprizeisthelargest.C.It'sonlyawardedtotalentsintheirfield.D.It'sopentoallarchitectsallovertheworld.2.WhatdoweknowabouttheRIBA?A.ItsbaseisinBrazil.B.Ithasthelongesthistory.C.Itproducesthemostawards.D.Itsdesignideasarethemostadvanced.3.WhatdoPritzkerArchitecturePrizeandAIAGoldMedalhaveincommon?A.Theybothtakeplaceeverytwoyears.B.Theybothcanbeawardedtotwopersons.C.Theybothfocusonprotectingenvironment.D.Theybothwerefoundedinthe19thcentury.BTeenfreestyleskiingsensationEileenGuwonherfirstgoldmedalattheBeijingOlympicsonTuesdayinthewomen'sbigaircompetition,sparkingextremelyhappycelebrationinthestandsandonChinesemedia.Gujumpedintothetoppositionwithherthirdrun,scoring94.5witha1620andaperfect\nlanding-makinghertotalscore188．25intheevent＇sdebut（首秀）attheWinterOlympics.France'sTessLedeuxtooksilverwithascoreof187.50.Switzerland'sMathildeGremaudwonthebronze.Ledeux,whohadbeenleadingthecompetitionuntilthelastrunwhensheoverbalancedonthelanding,sanktothegroundintearsafterthefinalresult.GuandGremaudbothkneltonthesnowyfloortoconsoleher,pullingLedeuxintoahugandrubbingherback.“Thatwasthebestmomentofmylife.Thehappiestmoment,day,whatever-ofmylife.Ijustcannotbelievewhatjusthappened,”saidGuafterherwin,accordingtotheOlympicsite.“ThatwasatrickIhadneverdonebefore,hadneverattemptedbefore.”OnTuesday,supporterswavedChineseflagsandblueBeijing2022flags,anderuptedintocheerswhenherscorewasannounced.FansfilledthestandstocheerforGu,whowasbornintheUnitedStatesbutdecidedin2019tocompeteforChina.Knownasthe“snowprincess”inChina,Gu-alreadyasuperbworldchampion-hasbecometheunofficialfaceofChina'sOlympicambitions.TheChineseinternetexplodedinjoyafterGu'svictory.ThetopicdominatedsearchesonChina'sTwitter-likeplatformWeibo,wheresevenofthe10toptrendingtopicswereallaboutGu'swin.FansonherWeibo,whereshehas2.6millionfollowers,leftmorethan90,000commentsinjusthalfanhourafterherwin.Relatedhashtags（话题标签），suchas“GuAilingwonthegoldmedal”,receivedmorethan300millionviewswithinanhour-eventuallycrashingtheentireWeibositeduetothemassivenumberofusers.4.WhatcanweinferaboutGu'sfirstgoldmedal?A.Shenarrowlybeatouthercompetitor.B.Shehasfinishedthetrickmanytimes.C.ShewonwiththehelpfromTessLedeux.D.Shewonthemedalwithmuchconfidence.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“console”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Vote.B.Ensure.C.Strike.D.Comfort.6.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Gu'sfans.B.Trendingtopics.\nC.Gu'spopularity.D.Worldwideviews.7.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeGu?A.Ambitiousandcautious.B.Cooperativeandgenerous.C.Enthusiasticandeasy-going.D.Courageousandprofessional.CItisasightguaranteedtolifteveryone'sspirits-thegreatmigrationofsouthernrightwhale（南露脊鲸）calvesandtheir“veryprotective”mothers.PeoplelivingontheeasterncoastofAustraliaareusedtoseeingtheannualmigrationofhumpbackwhales（座头鲸），butthesesouthernrightwhaleshavealsobeenspottedoverthepasttwomonths.Somehaveevencruisedintobeachesandbays,tothedelightofluckylocals.WhileAustralia'ssouthernrightwhalepopulationisusuallyconcentratedonthesoutherncoastlineoftheGreatAustralianBight,WesternAustralia,SouthAustraliaandVictoria,thebeautifulcreatureshavetakenrisksswimmingintoNewSouthWales(NSW)thiswinter.Theyareontheendangeredlist,withabout270-275aroundSouthAustraliaandVictoria.AroundJuly18,asinglemotherandhercalfwereevenspottedchangingdirectionalittleoffcourse,headingintotheHawkesburyRivernearSydney'sPalmBeach.BasedontheNSWsouthcoast,MareeJacksonsawthewhalesinmultipleplacesoveraweekinAugust.“Theyseemtoliketobringtheirbabiesintoshallowwaterandmovetowardsrockformations,”Jacksonsaid.“Theykeeptheirbabiesclosetotheshoreline.Ithinkit'sprotectionratherthananythingelse.Theyareverydifferenttothehumpbackwhales.Humpbacksarefurtherouttoseaandallowtheircalvestobemuchmoreindependent.Humpbackmumswilllettheircalvesplayaround.Theywillalsocomeuptobeach.”Listedasendangeredsince2000,southernrightwhalesaredistinguishablebytheirblackcolour.Whalesmigrateannuallyforfeedingandreproducingpurposes.ThefederalDepartmentofAgriculture,WaterandtheEnvironmentsaidthattheexacttimingofthemigrationperiodvariesfromyeartoyear“dependingonwatertemperature,seaice,predationrisk,foodabundanceandthelocationoftheirfeedingground.”ThemajoritymigratefromJunetoAugustbeforeheadingback\ntowardstheSouthernOceanandAntarcticafromSeptembertoNovember.8.Howdidthelocalsfeelwhentheysawsouthernrightwhales?A.Pleased.B.Upset.C.Confused.D.Confident.9.WherecanAustralia'ssouthernrightwhalesbeusuallyspotted?A.InVictoria.B.InNSW.C.InNorthernAustralia.D.InEasternAustralia.10.Whydosouthernrightwhalemothersbringtheirbabiesintoshallowwater?A.Toaskforhelp.B.Toenjoyadifferentlife.C.Toprotectthebabywhales.D.Tosearchforrockformations.11.Whatistheessentialgoalofwhales'migration?A.Theywanttotravelalongthecoastline.B.Theywanttopleasethelocalpeople.C.Theywanttoescapebeinghunted.D.Theywanttogivebirthtobabies.DTheCOVIDcrisishasledmanyscientiststotakeuparms(oratleastkeyboards)todefendtheircompaniesandtobesure,scienceneedsdefendersthesedays.Butintheirpassiontofightbackagainstvaccine（疫苗）rejectionandotherformsofsciencedenial（否定），somescientistssaythingsthatjustaren'ttrue.Onepopularmoveistoinsistthatscienceisright-fullstop-andthatoncewediscoverthetruthabouttheworld,wearedone.Anyonewhodeniessuchtruths(theysuggest)isstupidorignorant.Evenamodestfamiliaritywiththehistoryofscienceoffersmanyexamplesofmattersthatscientiststhoughttheyhaddecided,onlytodiscoverthattheyneededtobereconsidered.SomefamiliarexamplesareEarthasthecenteroftheuniverse,theabsolutenatureoftimeandspace,thestabilityofcontinents,andthecauseofinfectiousdisease.Scienceisaprocessoflearninganddiscovery,andsometimeswelearnthatwhatwethoughtwasrightisactuallywrong.Sciencecanalsobeunderstoodasaninstitution(orbetter,asetofinstitutions)thatpromotesthiswork.Tosaythatscienceis“true”or“permanent”islikesayingthat\n“marriageispermanent”.Atbest,it'sabitoff-key.Marriagetodayisadaptedtoaworldthatisverydifferentfromwhatitwasinthe16thor18thcentury,soaremostofour“laws"ofnature.Theyareatbest,truefornowortrueuntilprovenotherwise.Inmyview,thebiggestmistakescientistsmakeistoclaimthatthisisallsomehowsimpleandthereforetoimplythatanyonewhodoesn'tgetitisdumb.Yetscienceisnotsimple,andneitheristhenaturalworldwherethegreatestchallengeofsciencecommunicationlies.Scientifictheoriesarenotperfectcopiesofreality,butwehavegoodreasontobelievethattheycapture（捕获）significantelementsofit.Andexperienceremindsusthatwhenweignorereality,itsoonerorlatercomesbacktobiteus.12.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraphs1and2?A.Whatscientistssaidisabsolutelytrustworthy.B.Scientificfindingscallforfurtherconsideration.C.Itsunwisetodenysometruthsscientistshavefound.D.Socialcommonsensecontributestodiscoveringascientifictheory.13.Whydoestheauthorcomparesciencetomarriage?A.Neithersciencenormarriageisreliable.B.Bothscienceandmarriagearetrueandpermanent.C.Neithersciencenormarriageremainsthesameallthetime.D.Bothscienceandmarriagecanhelpustellrightfromwrong.14.Whatcanweknowaboutscientificfindings?A.Theyarealwayspermanent.B.Theycanbeprovenbyexperiments.C.Weshouldbereadyfortheirchanges.D.Differentscientificmethodsreachmorescientificfindings.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AreScientistsDependable?B.IsScienceActually“Right”?C.DoesTruthReallyFunction?D.What'stheScientificMethod?第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）\n阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whyshouldweexplorespace?Perhapsthebestanswerliesinourhistory.Whatmadeourancestorsmovefromthetreesontotheplains?16Inexploring,thedangersofsurroundingareasmaybeidentifiedandpreparedfor.Withoutknowledge,thesedangershavetheabilitytoharmus.Whilemanyresourcesarespentonwhatseemsasmallreturn,theexplorationofspaceallowsnewresourcestobecreated.17Knowledgeortechniquesacquiredinexploringorpreparingtoexplorealwaysfilter（慢慢传开）fromthedeveloperstothegeneralpopulation.Techniquesmaybemedicalapplications,suchasnewdrugsorwaysoflivingtoincreasethequantityorthequalityoftimelived.Bystudyingalienworlds,wecanplaceourownworldincontext.Whilespacemayholdmanywondersandexplanationsofhowtheuniversewasformedorhowitworks,italsoholdsdangers．Thechanceofalargeasteroid（小行星）hittingtheEarthissmall．18Someexplanationsforextinctionsand'evolutionincludestrikesbyasteroids.Ourtechnologyisreachingthepointwherewecandetectsuchathreatandmightbeabletodosomethingaboutit.19Withouttheabilitytoreachoutacrossspace,thechancetosaveourselvesmightnotexist.Earthistheonlyplanetknowntomaintainlife,butourabilitytoadaptcouldeventuallyallowustoinhabitotherplanetsandmoons.Ourlifestyleswouldbedifferent,buthumanlifeandcultureshaveadaptedinthepastandsurelycouldinthefuture.20A.Butgiventime,itwillhappen.B.Spaceallowsustoexpandandsucceed.C.Resourcestranslateintosuccessatsurvival.D.Withknowledge,theirconsequencesmaybereduced.E.Nearlyallsuccessfulcivilisationshavebeenwillingtoexplore.F.Scientistscanfunctionatworld-classlevelintheirspecialistfields.G.Thedangersexistandknowledgecanallowusasaspeciestosurvive.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）\n阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenIwasthree,mymomdecideditwastimeformetostartswimming.Witheagerness,Iwalkedtothepool'sedgeand,whilemymomturned,Ijumpedrightin.Not21,Isanklikearock.IstillrememberhowI22tryingtogetbacktothesurface.Luckily,thelifeguardwasableto23me.Foralongtime,that24scaredme.Butafterpracticinghard,andoften,Ieventuallybecameadecentswimmer.Butthatwouldn'tbethelasttimemyfearofdrowning25me.WhenIarrivedatPennStateasacocky（自以为是的）collegefreshman，thosefearscamebubblingtothesurface.Inhighschool,Iwasabigfishina26pond.AtPennState,I27Iwasatinyfishinaverylargepool.Ibecameunconfident.Almostimmediately,Istartedto“drown”andthatoldfearwasstaringmeintheface.Betweena28courseload,extracurricularactivities,makingnewfriends,andanattackofhomesickness,thingsdidnotgowell.Ineededachange.IjoinedStudentRedCrossClub,whichhelpedmemakefriendsthatshared29valueswithme.ThatsemesterremindedmeoftheexperiencewhenIwasthree.Butthistimetheredidn'tseemtobea30around.SoIbegantounderstandhowtoexcelincollege.Itwasn'teasy,butImadeastrictsystemformyself,likereviewsessions,studygroupsandrepetitiveindividualpractice.It31.Ialsocontinuedtobe32inStudentRedCrossClub,whichcontinuedto33asbothanextracurricularactivityandsourceoffriends.Witheachnewcourse,Iwillbecomeastrongerswimmer.Mymomisright;swimmingisa34everyoneshouldlearn.Itisswimmingthatteachesmeworkinghard_35success.21.A.surprisinglyB.disappointedlyC.luckilyD.specially22.A.struggledB.imaginedC.movedD.left23.A.believeB.grabC.comfortD.understand24.A.descriptionB.experimentC.expressionD.experience25.A.harmedB.destroyedC.affectedD.saved26.A.deepB.wideC.shallowD.small27.A.requiredB.realizedC.suspectedD.evaluated\n28.A.lightB.normalC.formalD.heavy29.A.familiarB.similarC.importantD.impossible30.A.doctorB.parentC.lifeguardD.teacher31.A.workedB.turnedC.remainedD.existed32.A.activeB.efficientC.puzzledD.concerned33.A.regardB.serveC.acceptD.represent34.A.gestureB.symbolC.skillD.principle35.A.standsforB.dependsonC.leadstoD.comesacross第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Modernsociety'scontinueddependenceonfossilfuelsiswarmingtheworld36apacethatisunprecedented（空前的）inthepast2,000years-and37（it）effectsarealreadyobviousasrecorddroughts,wildfiresandfloodsdestroycommunitiesworldwide-accordingtoalandmarkreportfromtheUnitedNationsonthestateofclimatescience.The38(assess)saysthingsaregettingmuch39(bad)ifgreenhouse-gasemissionscontinue,andmakesitclear40thefutureoftheplanetdepends,inlargepart,onthechoicesthathumanitymakestoday.Theevidenceiseverywhere;ifwedon'tact,thesituationisgoingtoget41(real)bad.Writtenbymorethan200scientistsoverthecourseofseveralyearsandapprovedby195governmentsduring42virtualmeetinglastweek，thereportisthefirstinatrio（三份）evaluatingthestateofclimatechangeandefforts43(decrease)itandadapttoit.ThedocumentarriveslessthanthreemonthsbeforethenextmajorglobalclimatesummitinGlasgow,UK.There,governmentswillhavetheopportunitytomakepromisestoreverse（使反转）courseandreducetheiremissions.Ifglobalemissionshitnetzerobyaround2050-atargetthatmanycountries44(commit)tooverthepastyear-thentheworldcanachievethegoal45(lay)outinthe2015Parisagreementandlimit\nglobalwarmingto1.5°Cabovepre-industriallevelsoverthecourseofthetwenty-firstcentury.Theclimateweexperienceinthefuturedependsonourdecisionsnow.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是某国际学校学生会主席李华，你校要为外教免费开设汉语课程。请你给来自新西兰的外教Alfred写封邮件，邀请他参加，内容包括：1．介绍课程开设的目的、时间和地点；2．描述课程内容（日常用语和中国文化）；3．发出邀请。注意：1．词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容进行续写，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Iwasapediatriccardiacsonographer（儿科心脏超声医师）atMonroeCarellJr.Children’sHospitalinNashville,Tennessee.Itwasastressfuljob,andhumorwasalwaysappreciated.Forawhile，Ibecameinterestedinknitting（编织）.Sinceitwasmyfirstattemptatknitting,thingsdidn'tgoasplanned.Imadeamistakesomewherealongtheway,andthehatI'dwantedtomakeformyselfturnedouttoosmalltofitmeoranyoneelse.Itwasnobiggerthanthepalmofmyhand!Lookingjustlikethehatofadoll,itwasveryfunny.Iwantedtoshowittotheteamatwork,soIsewedasmallflowerontothesideofthehatandbroughtittoworkthenextday.Weteammembersallhadagoodlaughatmyminihatandgotbacktoourwork.Iputthehatinadrawerandforgotaboutit.Afewdayslater，afour-year-oldgirlcameinforanechocardiogram（心回波图）.Sheworeaknitcaptocoverthehairlossfromhercancertreatmentandheldababydollinherarms.Shelaydownquietly,butherlookclearlyshowedthatshewasafraidofbeingtouchedbyme.Ihadtoworkextrahardtogainhertrust.FirstIofferedherthesensorsoshecouldtakepicturesofherdoll's\nheart.ThenImadeanimalswiththeultrasoundgel.Neitherworked.“Doesyourdollhaveaname?”Iasked.Shethrewherdolltothefloor,andIsawmychance.Ipickedupthedollandstraightenedherdress.“Iknowit'salittlehorribletohavethistest,”Isaidtothedoll,“butIpromiseitwon'thurt.What?Yourheadiscold?Youwishyouhadahat?”Itookthehatfrommydrawerandslippeditontothedoll'slittlebaldhead.Itwasaperfectfit.注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph1:Thegirlsatuphappilyandwantedherdollback.Paragraph2:Afewmonthslater,Inoticedafamiliarlittlegirl'sfacewhilewalkingonthestreet.\n\n\n\n