浙江省嘉兴市2021-2022学年高二英语上学期期末试题（Word版含答案）

嘉兴市2021~2022学年第一学期期末检测高二英语（2022.1)第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthespeakerseatforsupper?A.Pizza.B.Salad.C.Steak.2.Wherearethespeakersmostprobably?A.Inacar.B.Inashop.C.Inaplane.3.Whattimeisitnow?A.8:00.B.9:00.C.10:00.4.Howwillthewomangettotherailwaystation?A.Bycar.B.Bytaxi.C.Bysubway.5.WhatisdifferentaboutLucy?A.Shelooksyounger.B.Shesmilesmore.C.Shegetsthinner.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。,6.Whenwillthepackagebedeliveredagain?A.Tomorrowmorning.B.Thisafternoon.C.Atnoon.7.Whatisthewomangoingtodotonight?A.Buyadress.B.Hangoutwithherfriend.C.Visitherneighbor.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Howtoenjoymusic.B.WhentolearnItalian.C.Wheretospendthevacation.9.Whydoesn'tthewomanwanttogotoRome?A.Sheisafraidofflying.B.ShedislikesItalianfood.C.Shehasnointerestinhistory.10.Whatisthewomanprobablyinterestedin?A.Relaxingmusic.B.Greatarchitecture.C.Beautifulscenery.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Howmanyplacesarementionedintheconversation?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.12.Whatcostthespeakersmost?B.Thelovelystrawberries.C.Theairmailletter.A.Thebookofstamps.13.Howdoesthewomanfeelintheend?B.Satisfied.,C.Tired.A.Amazed.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatkindofbackpackdidthemanlose?A.Aleatherone.B.Asportsone.C.Afashionableone.15.Whereisthepatternofthebackpack?A.Onthefront.B.Onthetop.C.Ontheback.16.Whichgiftwillbegiventotheman'smother?A.Shoes.B.Scarves.C.Gloves.17.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman?A.Responsible.B.Humorous.C.Patient.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhatdoesTomandJerrymainlyfocuson?A.The161famousshortfilms.B.Theinfluenceoftwomainroles.C.Thefightsbetweenacatandamouse.19.WhenwasTomandJerryfirstplayedintheaters?A.In1937.B.In1940.C.In1943.20.WhatmakesTomandJerrysopopularinthespeaker'sopinion?A.Thecolorfulrolesofthestoryitself.B.Theworldwideinfluenceofthestory.C.Thelivelypicturesandfunnysounds.,第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10个小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AManfredSteinerhadasuccessfulandproductivecareerasadoctor,helpinggenerationsofmedicalstudentslearnabouthematology(血液学）.Butallalong,hehadafeelingheshouldbedoingsomethingelse:studyingphysics.Atage89,hefinallyrealizedthatdream,earninghisPh.D.inphysicsfromBrownUniversity.“Ialwayshadthisdream:Gee,somedayIwouldliketobecomeaphysicist,”SteinersaidinaninterviewwithNPR.SteinerwasateenagerwhenWorldWarIIended.Bythen,hewasfascinatedwithphysics.Ontheadviceofhisfamily,however,hedecidedtopursueamedicalcareerinstead.ButduringhisstudiesinVienna,physicsstillhadastrongappealtohim.“WhenIwasamedicalstudentintheearly1950s,Iusedtostealintothephysicalinstitute,whichwasveryclosetothemedicalschool,”hesaid,“andlistentosometalksthere.”Whenaskedwhatitwasaboutphysicsthatheenjoyed,Steinerrepliedquickly:precision(精确性）.“Yetthephysicalexactlywerethesame,holdingforthetwoextremes,"headded,“andthatprecisionreallyalwaysfascinatedme.”ItwasonlyafterSteinerretiredfromhiscareerinmedicinein2000thathewasfinallyabletostudyphysics.Steinerworkedslowly-he'sagrandfatherwholikestospendwithhisfamily,andhealthissueshavebeenaconcern-butthecreditskeptpilingup.Andbeforelong,SteinerwaseyeingyetanotherPh.D.“Youknow,ittookalongtime,”hesaid.“Butfortunately,I'mherenowandI'veovercometheproblems.”ThephysicistswhoworkedwithSteinersayhislatestachievementisinspiring.Forhispart,Steinerisstillworkingonpublishingadissertation(专题论文），andhewantstocontinuehisresearch.“IwouldliketocontinuewithitaslongasmymindsaysOK.”21.WhydidManfredSteinerwanttobeaphysicist?A.Heintendedtoinspirehisstudents.B.Hewasinfluencedbyhisfamily.C.Hehadapassionforphysics.D.Hefelthewasgoodatphysics.22.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesManfredSteiner?A.Considerate.B.Determined.C.Conventional.D.Reliable.,23.WhatdoesManfredSteiner'sstorytellus?A.It'snevertoolatetomend.B.Educationisthekeytosuccess.C.Hewholaughslast,laughslongest.D.Wherethereisadream,thereisaway.BCarbonlabelsonfoodproductsandmenusstartedmakingnewsin2020.Theycontaininformationaboutcarbonemissions(排放）andoccasionallyothersupplychaindetails.Nowtheideahasbeenadaptedforthetourismindustry-whereagrowingnumberofcompaniesaremeasuringandpublishingthecarbonfootprintcreatedontheirtours,likelocaltransportation,accommodation,food,activities,guides,staffandofficeoperations.“Becauseit'squiteanewthing,”saidClaireCopeman,co-founderofAdventureToursUK,whichpublishescarbonemissionsalongsidetheirtriparrangements.“Atthemoment,whenpeopledoseeit,it'sanextraadvantage.It'slike,well,thistriplooksgreatandIcanseethatit'slowimpact,andtheylikethat.”It'shardtosaywhethertheselabelswillswaydecision-makingfortravelers.However,consumersareincreasinglyconcernedaboutcompanies'commitmentstoenvironmentalprotection;andclearlylabelingcarbonemissionsisanopenandobjectivewayofcommunicatingenvironmentalcommitments.Moreimportantly,measuringandpubliclysharingthecarbonfootprintoftripsisencouragingcompaniestoactivelyfindwaystoreduceemissionsevenfurther.Forexample,somecompaniesinUKarecurrentlyworkingwithpartnerstomakeimprovementsthroughoutthesupplychainsandconsideringchangestosomeoftheirtripssothatmorenightsarespentatlow-energyhotelsandlesstimeisspentdriving.“Everythingwedohasacarbonfootprint,”saidCharlieCotton,founderofecollective,whichhelpstravelcompaniesmeasureandreducetheircarbonfootprint.“But,asabusiness,youwanttobeabletotellacustomer,'We'regoingtoaddresstheelephantintheroom,andwehaveaplaninplacetomakesurethatyearonyearourcarbonfootprintisgoingtogetsmallerandsmaller.””24.Whyistheideaofcarbonlabelsacceptedbytravelcompanies?A.Itdrawspeople'sattentiontotourism.B.Itadvocateslow-budgettriparrangements.C.Itreflectsthesenseofenvironmentalprotection.D.Itmeetsthedemandsofdifferentkindsoftourists.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sway”inparagraph3mean?A.Affect.B.Strengthen.C.Involve.D.Prohibit.26.WhatdoCharlieCotton'swordsindicate?A.Thedesiretoprotectwildlife.,B.Theneedtomakeagreenplan.C.Thedutytokeepcustomerswellinformed.D.Thedeterminationtoreducecarbonemissions.CJohnsHopkinsUniversityresearchersdiscoveredpreciselyhowspiders(蜘蛛）buildwebsinthedark.Theircreationofaweb-buildingplaybookbringsnewunderstandingofhowcreatureswithsmallbrainsareabletocreateelegantandcomplexstructures.Web-buildingspiders,whichbuildblindlyusingonlythesenseoftouch,haveattractedhumansforcenturies.“Thefirststeptounderstandingthatistostudythebehaviorsandskillsinvolved,”saidAndrewGordus,aJohnsHopkinsbehavioralbiologist,“Butuntilnowithasneverbeendone,mainlybecauseofthechallengeofdetectingandrecordingtheactions.”HisteamstudiedaspidernativetothewesternUnitedStates.Toobservethespidersduringtheirnighttimeweb-buildingwork,thelabdesignedastagewithinfrared(红外线的）camerasandinfraredlights.Theymonitoredandrecordedsixspiderseverynightandtrackedmillionsofindividuallegactions.“Evenifyouvideorecordit,that'salotoflegstotrack,”saidleadauthorAbelCorver.“It'sjusttoomuchtogothrougheveryframe(帧）andmarkthelegpointsbyhandsowetrainedmachinevisionsoftwaretodetecttheactionsofthespider,framebyframe,sothatwecouldrecordeverythingthelegsdotobuildanentireweb.”Theyfoundthatweb-makingbehaviorsaresosimilaracrossspidersthattheresearcherswereabletopredictthepartofawebaspiderwasworkingonjustfromseeingthepositionofaleg.“Evenifthefinalstructureisalittledifferent,therulestheyusetobuildthewebarethesame,”Gordussaid,“whichconfirmstherulesareintheirbrains.”Futureworkforthelabincludesexperimentswithdrugstodeterminewhichcircuits(回路）inthespider'sbrainareresponsibleforthevariousstagesofweb-building.Corversaid,“Thisworkcouldhelpusunderstandlargerbrainsystems,includinghumans.”27.Whatwasthechallengeinthepreviousstudiesonspiders'web-building?A.Testingspiders'brains.B.Trackingspiders'actions.C.Observingspiders'websatnight.D.Improvingspiders'senseoftouch.28.WhatisacrucialstepinthestudyledbyGordus?A.Relyingontheaidofspecialsoftware.B.Monitoringthesafetyofspiders.C.Comparingvarietiesofspiderwebs.D.Designingasetofinfraredcameras.29.Whatiscontainedinthefuturestudyaccordingtoparagraph5?A.Theenvironmentforhumans.,B.Thebehaviorofvariousspiders.C.Thedrugforbraindiseases.D.Thebrainsystemofspiders.30.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Spiders,ElegantCreaturesB.SmallBrains,AmazingSkillsC.Spiders'WebSecretsUncoveredD.Spiders'Web-buildingAbilityDeveloped第二节（共5个小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Itseemslikesomepeoplearebornwithagoodsenseofdirectionwhileothersarealwaysgettinglost.31Youcanimproveyoursenseofdirection.Youjustneedtoworkatit.Nowadays,ofcourse,it'sconvenienttorelyonGPSratherthancommitalong,complexroutetomemory.32Studyingalargermapandrememberingtheroutebeforeyousetoutdoeshaveitsbenefits.Theamountofmentalenergyitrequiresmeansit'smorelikelytostickinyourmind.LookingatGoogleMapsonabigscreenorevenstudyingapapermapalsoallowsyoutogetasenseofthatall-importantbiggerpictureandhoweverywherefitstogether.33It'salsoimportanttonoticewhat'saroundyou-inalldirections.Insteadofstaringstraightahead,makesureyoulookup,downandbehindyouaswell.Thiswillcomeinparticularlyusefulwhenyou'redoingthejourneyinreverse(倒退）－evenifit'sjustfindingyourwaybackfromthetoiletinarestaurant.Anothertip?Takingphotographsorwritingnotesatkeylocationscanhelpyoukeeptheminyourmemory.Finally,trytorelaxwhenyou'reonunfamiliarground.34Butthissuddenanxietywillonlypreventyoufromcalmlyworkingoutwhichwaytogo.Besides,gettinglostisoneofthebestwaystodiscovernewplacesandaddmoredetailtothatever-growingmentalmap,bothofwhichwillhelpyouhaveabettersenseofdirectioninthelongterm.Yoursenseofdirectionisause-it-or-lose-itskill.Ifyouonlysticktotheroutesyoualreadyknow,it'snevergoingtogetanybetter.35A.Don'tjustlookwhereyou'regoing.B.Sonowit'sthetimetostartexploring!C.Ifyou'reoneofthe“lost”ones,havenofear.D.Anxietyplaysaroleinoursenseofdirection,too.E.It'salltooeasytogetanxiousifyoususpectyoumaybelost.F.Developingagoodsenseofdirectionusuallytakesmuchpractice.G.Butignoreitifyoureallywanttoimproveyoursenseofdirection.第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分45分）,第一节：完形填空（共20个小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。ThefirsttimemymomcameovertobabysitAlice,ournewborndaughter,foracoupleofhours,allIwantedtodowastakemyelderlyBrooklynoutforawalk.Brooklynwas36mydog.Fourteenyearsago,whenIfirstsawherinthepetstore,Iknewitwasadonedeal:wewere37.Ihadneverhadapet38,butIwelcomedeverythingaboutit.I39herwholelifeinphotos.Andduringlarge40gatherings,seeingmewithbabyBrooklyn,myfavouriteauntwouldtellmeonedayIwouldbeagreat41.Brooklynwas42gettingoldandgreywhenmydaughterwasborn,butshe43thenewbabywithgentleness.However,asmydaughter44moreandmorespaceinmylife,Brooklyn'splaceinitbeganto45.Andthelessofapriorityshebecame,thefurtherIfeltfrommyoldselfandthethingsthatusedtobe46tome.Bythetimeshewasnearly17,shewasina(n)47condition.Thedayshedied,shewasinsomuch48.Ifoughtbackmytearsandburiedmy49inherfurasIcarriedhertothe50.Whenthepetdoctorgavehertwoshotsthatwouldmakeher51forever,Iwatchedherbigbrowneyesgo52.“Restnow,mybaby,I53toher.Fouryearslater,Istill54thatdogeveryday,becauseshewastheonewhotaughtmetheheart-breakingbeautyofbeing55byanotherlivingbeing.36.A.actuallyB.merelyC.surelyD.apparently37.A.recognizedB.perceivedC.reunitedD.attached38.A.standingbyB.movingaboutC.growingupD.fittingin39.A.protectedB.identifiedC.documentedD.recalled40.A.companyB.familyC.schoolD.club41.A.doctorB.friendC.motherD.neighbour42.A.alsoB.alreadyC.insteadD.even43.A.welcomedB.huggedC.fedD.satisfied44.A.savedB.exploredC.createdD.occupied45.A.expandB.disappearC.shiftD.fall46.A.simpleB.tiringC.importantD.safe47.A.criticalB.fairC.steadyD.original48.A.painB.angerC.troubleD.danger49.A.handsB.faceC.bodyD.feet50.A.farmB.parkC.zooD.hospital51.A.cheerupB.fallasleepC.holdonD.keepquiet52.A.coldB.blankC.stillD.blind,53.A.whisperedB.sighedC.whistledD.nodded54.A.attendB.greetC.guardD.miss55.A.admiredB.neededC.approvedD.remembered第二节（共10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Wildanimalsareequippedwithavarietyoftechniquestoavoidbecominglunchforamuch56(big),toothieranimal.Themostwell-known57(method)includetheclassic“fight”and“flight”,aswellas“freeze”.Ateamofresearcherswondered58closenesstopeoplemightinfluencethosesurvivalstrategies.59(find)out,Blumsteinandhisworkmatescombinedinformationfrom173studiesofmorethan100species,60(include)mammals,birds,fishandsoon.Itturnsoutthattheanimalsreactinasimilarwaytolifeamonghumans:theylosetheiranti-predator(躲避掠食者）characteristics.Thatpatternis61(especial)obviousforsocialspecies.Thisbehavioralchangeisperhapsunsurprisingwhenit'stheresultofdomestication(驯化）,62meanstrainingoradaptingananimaltoliveinahumanenvironmentandbe63(use)tohumans.Urbanization(城市化）aloneresults64asimilarchange,thoughmuchmoreslowly.Iftheurbanizationprocess65(help)animalsbettercoexistwithpeople,itcanbetotheirbenefit.Butifitmakesthemweakeroreasiertobehurtbytheirnonhumanpredators,itcanbearealproblem.第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节：应用文写作（满分15分）你校文学社将招募新成员。假定你是负责人，请写一则启事刊登在校英语报上，内容包括：1.文学社简介；2.入社条件；3.报名时间、方式。注意：1.词数80左右（标题已给出，不计入总词数）；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。LiteratureLoversWanted第二节：读后续写（满分25分）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。PrissyBakerwasinOscarMiller'sstoreonNewYear'smorning,buyingmatcheswhenheruncle,RichardBaker,camein.HedidnotlookatPrissy,nordidshewishhimahappyNewYear;shewouldnothavedared.UncleRichardhadnotbeenspeakingwithPrissyorherfathersincethetwobrothers'quarreloverthedivisionofapieceofpropertyeightyearsago.ThefaulthadbeenmainlyonRichard'sside,buthewastoostubborn(固执的）toadmitit.Hewasactuallyabig,strong-lookingman-anuncletobeproudof,Prissythought,ifonlyhewerelikewhatheusedtobehimself.HewastheonlyunclePrissyhad,andwhenshewasalittle,girltheyhadbeengreatfriends;butthatwasbeforethequarrel.RichardBakerinformedMr.MillerhewasonhiswaytoNavarretodeliveraloadofpork.“NewYear'sDaywouldbeprettymuchthesameasanyotherdaytoyou,”saidMr.Miller,forRichardBakerwasabachelor(单身汉）.“Well,IalwayslikeagooddinneronNewYear'sDay,”saidRichardBaker.“It'sabouttheonlywayIcancelebrate.IgoteverythingreadylastnightbutIhavetosendtheporknow.Iwon'tgetbackfromNavarrebeforeoneo'clock,soIguessI'llhavetoputupwithacoldbite.”Afterherunclehaddrivenaway,Prissywalkedthoughtfullyhome.Shedidnotmeantocookadinner,forherfatherhadtomeetafriendandwouldbegonethewholeday.Therewasnobodyelsetocookdinnerfor.Prissy'smotherhaddiedwhenPrissywasababy.Butasshewalkedhome,shecouldnothelpthinkingaboutUncleRichard.HewouldcertainlyhavecoldNewYear,coldenoughtofreezethewholecomingyear.Shefeltsorryforhim,picturinghimreturningfromNavarre,coldandhungry,tofindafirelesshouseandanuncookeddinner.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph1:SuddenlyanideacameintoPrissy'shead.Paragraph2:Prissyhadjustsetthetablewhenanangryvoicecutthroughthepeace.,