广东省湛江市2022届高三英语下学期3月一模试题（Word版附答案）

保密★启用前肇庆市2022届高中毕业班第三次教学质量检测英语2022.3注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAmazingTrainJourneysTheBeijingtoLhasaExpress,ChinaDepartsdaily;Distance-2,330miles;Duration-40hoursLinkingtheroyalwondersofBeijingwiththedreamlikepalacesofLhasa,theZ21traintravelsfromthemodernityofurbanChinatoaonce-remoteland.Runningwestward,thetrainclimbsnearly16,400ft(5,000m)onitsjourneytotheroofoftheworld:theTibetanPlateau.LondontoFortWilliamontheCaledonianSleeper,UKDepartsdaily;Distance-509miles;Duration-13hours30minutesThisovernighttrainjourneyisfilledwiththeromanceofrailtravel.It'sjustapitythatthewholeexperience-fromdining-carchattingandlightbeer,tobeingcarriedintoala-lalandbytherhythmoftherailsandwakingtobedsideviewsoftoweringpeaks-feelslikeit'soverinaflash.Thoughitmaybeshort,theCaledonianissurelyBritain'sbesttrainride.TazaraRailway,TanzaniaandZambiaDepartstwiceaweek;Distance-1,160miles;Duration-46hoursFewtrainsofferthechanceofspottingbiggamefromyourseat,buttheTazaraRailwaydoesexactlythat.Formany,thehighlightisneitherthescenerynorthewildlife,though;it'sthechancetospendtwodayswatchingeverydaylifeoutofthewindow,andenjoyingthecrowdsandchaoswhenthetrainpullstoastop.Perurail'sLakeTiticacaRailway,PeruDepartstwiceaweek;Distance-241miles;Duration-10hoursTravelingacrosstheAltiplano,fromtheshoresofLakeTiticacatothebeatingheartoftheIncacapital,therailwayfromPunotoCuzcocutsapicturesquepaththroughthesnow-dustedpeaksandfantasticvalleysoftheAndes.Passengerscanenjoythelandscapefromanopen-airobservatorycar,astheytravelthroughremotetownsandvillages.1.Whatdothefirsttwotrainjourneyshaveincommon?A.Theymakeweeklydeparture.学科网（北京）股份有限公司,B.Theyareoverathousandmiles.C.Theytraveltohighlands.D.Theyarethelongesttrainridesnationwide.2.Onwhichjourneycanpassengerswatchpeople'sdailylifeoutsidethetrain?A.TazaraRailway.B.TheBeijingtoLhasaExpress.C.Perurail'sLakeTiticacaRailway.D.LondontoFortWilliamontheCaledonianSleeper.3.WhatcanpassengersdoonPerurail'sLakeTiticacaRailway?A.TravelaroundLakeTiticaca.B.Admiretheviewintheopenair.C.Gothroughtwocountriesonajourney.D.Haveadeepunderstandingoftownsandvillages.BAhungrybadger（獾）searchingforfoodseemstohaveuncoveredwhatturnedouttobehundredsofRomancoinsinaSpanishcave,accordingtoanewstudy.Archaeologists（考古学家）firstdiscoveredseveralcoinslayingonthegroundattheentrancetoasmallcaveinthewoodlandsoutsideGradoinnorthernSpaininApril2021.Theresearcherssuspectthatthecoinswereunearthedbyabadgerfromanearbyden（兽窝）afteraheavysnowwhichmadeitharderforanimalstofindfood.Thehungrybadgerprobablygotintothecavelookingforfoodbutcameacrossthecoinsinstead.Afterfullyexploringthecave,researcherscollected209coinsdatingtobetweenthethirdandfifthcenturiesA.D.“Todate,thisisthelargestamountofRomancoinsfoundinacaveinnorthernSpain,”theresearcherswroteintheirpaper.Theydescribedthediscoveryasan“exceptionalfind”.Inthelate1930s,acollectionof14goldRomancoins,knownastheChapipitreasure,wasalsofoundinthesamewoodlands.Theresearchersbelievethatlocalpeoplemayhaveburiedtheircoinstokeepthemsafeduringaperiodofintensepoliticalinstabilityintheregion.Themostrecentcoininthenewly-discoveredGradocollectiondatestoA.D.430,whichwasaftertheSuebi-agroupofGermanicpeopleoriginallyfrommodern-dayGermanyandtheCzechRepublic-pushedtheRomansoutofSpaininA.D.409,accordingtoElPais.Theresearcherssuspectthatthenewly-discoveredcoinsarepartofavastertreasureandwillreturntothecaveforfurtherexplorationtolookformorecoinsandevidencethatthecavemayalsohavebeenthehomeofdisplacedRomanpeople.“Wewanttoknowifitwasaone-offhidingplace,oriftherewasagroupofhumanslivingthere,”leadresearcherAlfonsoFanjulPerazatoldElPais.4.Wheredidtheresearchersfindthefirstfewcoinsin2021?A.NearaSpanishcave.B.OnaSpanishplayground.C.Attheentrancetoawoodland.D.Inabadger'sden.5.Whatdotheresearchersthinkofthediscoveryin2021?A.It'sdangerous.B.It'stimely.C.It'smeaningless.D.It'sunusual.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”refertoinParagraph4?A.TheRomans.B.Thecoins.学科网（北京）股份有限公司,C.Thewoodlands.D.Theresearchers.7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Moreinformationmayberevealedbythecoins.B.TheancientRomanpeoplehadauniquelifestyle.C.Theresearchersdoubttheformerguessofthecoins.D.TheresearcherswillreturnthecoinstotheRomanpeople.CIt'sanattractiveidea:byplayingonlineproblem-solving,matchingandothergamesforafewminutesaday,peoplecanimprovesuchmentalabilitiesasreasoning,verbalskills（语言能力）andmemory.Butwhetherthesegamesdeliveronthosepromisesisupfordebate.“Foreverystudythatfindssomeevidence,there'sanequalnumberofpapersthatfindnoevidence，”saysBobbyStojanoski，acognitive（认知的）psychologistatWesternUniversityinOntario.Recently,inperhapsthebiggestreal-worldstudyoftheseprograms,Stojanoskiandhisteamfound8,563volunteers.First,participantsfilledoutanonlinequestionnaireabouttheirtraininghabitsandwhich,ifany,programtheyused.Some1,009participantsreportedusingbraintrainingprogramsforabouteightmonthsonaverage,thoughdurationsrangedfromtwoweekstomorethanfiveyears.Next,thevolunteerscompleted12cognitivetestsassessingmemory,reasoningandverbalskills.Theyfacedmemoryexercises,spatialreasoningtasks,pattern-findingpuzzlesandstrategychallenges.Whenresearcherslookedattheresults,theysawthatbraintrainersonaveragehadnomentaledgeovertheothergroupinmemory,verbalskillsandreasoning.Evenamongthosewhohadusedtrainingprogramsforatleast18months,braintrainingdidn'tboostthinkingabilitiesabovethelevelofpeoplewhodidn'tusetheprograms.“Nomatterhowweslicedthedata,wewereunabletofindanytestimonythatbraintrainingwasassociatedwithcognitiveabilities,”saysStojanoski.Thatheldtruewhethertheteamanalyzedparticipantsbyage,programused,educationorsocioeconomicstatus（地位）-allwerecognitivelysimilartothegroupwhodidn’tusetheprograms.“Braintrainingmaybebeneficialinspecificsituations,butrealworldmaybethebestbraintrainer,”saysElizabethStine-Morrow,acognitiveagingscientistattheUniversityofIllinois.Whileit'spossibletoimprovementalabilities,Stine-Morrowadvocatespracticingthoseskillsindifferentreal-lifesituations,“That'samuchbetteruseofone'stimethansittingatacomputeranddoinglittletasks.”8.Whatistherecentstudymainlyabout?A.Theimportanceofmemory.B.Thedarksideofonlinegames.C.Theeffectofbraintraininggames.D.Thewaytoimprovementalabilities.9.Whatwerethevolunteersaskedtodointhefirstpartofthestudy?A.Reporttheirdailyhabits.B.Takesomememorytests.C.Receivesomeonlinetraining.D.Completeaquestionnaire.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“testimony”meaninParagraph4?A.Enhancement.B.Evidence.C.Solution.D.Trouble.11.WhatdoesStine-Morrowsayaboutmentalabilities?A.Theyneedtobetrainedregularly.学科网（北京）股份有限公司,B.They'llbeharmedbyusingcomputers.C.Theymaychangeindifferentsituations.D.They'llbeimprovedthroughreal-lifetasks.DTotackletheproblemoftinyplasticspollutingwaterways,chemistsintheCzechRepublicarethinkingsmall.Theirbrainchildisanewmicrorobotwhichisnobiggerthanthetipofasharpenedpencil.Whensunlighthitsthem,theyproducechemicalreactionsthatpushthemthroughwaterinaspecificdirection.Whentheyfindapieceofplastic,theysticktoitandstarttobreakitdown.ChemistMartinPumeraattheCzechUniversityledtheproject.Adecadeago,hechosetofocusontheproblemposedbymicroplastics.They'reeverywhere-fromthebottomoftheoceantoairblowingontoiceatopmountains.They'veturnedupindrinkingwater.Somestudiesestimatethatbillionsofpiecesofplasticendupintheworld'swaters.Theplastichasmanysources,fromshoppingbagstowashingandcleaningwipes.Inlabexperiments,thestar-shapedswimmersstuckontoeachoffourdifferenttypesofplastic.Andafteraweekexposedtolight,therobotshadreducedtheweightoftheplastics.Itwasn'tmuch-onlybypercent.Butthatwasanindicationthattheywerebreakingtheplasticdown.Theyalsocausedthesurfaceoftheplastictochangefromsmoothtorough.That'sanothersignthattherobotsweredegrading（分解）it.Thenewstudyisaproofofconcepttype.Thatmeansitshowssomethingcanbedonesuccessfully.Infact,Pumerasaystheystillhavealongwaytogo.Therearemanytypesofplastics.Andeventhesemicrorobotsareunlikelytosucceedindegradingthemall.Theresearchersalsohavenotyetshownhowsafethissystemisfortheenvironment,althoughPumerasaysthat'stheirnextgoal.Thefirstreal-worldtestwillbeinawastewater-treatmentplant.“Indeed,”saysoneresearcher.“We’llneedalotoftestingtoshowthatthey'resafeinopenwaterways,suchasatsea.”12.ThemicrorobotsarepoweredbyA.waterB.sunlightC.plasticsD.pencils13.WhatdoestheauthorfocusoninParagraph2?A.ThepurposeofPumera'sproject.B.Thepreciousnessofdrinkingwater.C.Theseriousnessofplasticpollution.D.Theworkingprincipleofthemicrorobots.14.Whatshowstheeffectivenessofthemicrorobotsinlabexperiments?A.Theweightlossoftheplastics.B.Thedisappearanceoftheplastics.C.Theshapechangeofthemicrorobots.D.Theimprovementinthepurityofwater.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WaystoObtainCleanerDrinkingWaterB.MicrorobotsInventedtoTreatWastewaterC.NewHopefortheSolutiontoPlasticPollutionD.TechnologyWidelyAppliedinEnvironmentProtection第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）学科网（北京）股份有限公司,阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。IfyouhavewatchedtheamazingBeijing2022WinterOlympics,chancesarethatyouhavefalleninlovewithsomewintersportsandyou'realreadymakingsureyourequipmentisreadyforthem.16However,there'sanotherelementtogetreadyfortheslopes（坡）-yourbody.Evenifyouexerciseregularly，skiing，snowshoeingorskatingchallengesyourmusclesinwaysotheractivitiesdon't.17Yourmetabolism（新陈代谢）increasestowarmyouup．Yourheartandlungsalsoneedtoworkhardertowarmairbeforeitentersyourbody.Dependingonthesport,certainmusclesmayalsobeusedmorefrequentlycomparedtoactivitiesinotherseasons.Thegoodnewsisthatmostwintersportsinvolveheartendurance（耐力），musclestrengthandmuscleendurance.18Buttherearestillsomeotherthingstothinkabout.Skiingandsnowboardingaregreatwintersportsthatprovideatotalbodyworkout.19Asanyonewhohasspenttimeskiingorsnowboardingcanprove,afteralongdayontheslopes,thebodybecomesextremelytired.20Toavoidthis,youneedtotakesometimetostrengthenyourbodyandimproveendurance.Beforethewinterseason,aregularexerciseprogramshouldincludeexercisesthatgetthebloodrunningwhilechallengingtheentirebody,suchasstairclimbingorrunning.Theintensityshouldvaryfrom20-45minutesatleast3to5daysaweek.Aswinternears,addingacardio（有氧的）workoutlongerindurationbutlowerinintensitycanhelpincreaseendurance.A.Maybeyouhaven'tboughtalltheequipment.B.Andthatiswheninjuriesaremorelikelytooccur.C.Exercisinginthecolddecreasesyourbodytemperature.D.Youshouldtakeadvantageofthisopportunitytohavearest.E.Probably,youhavegotyourskistunedandskatessharpened.F.Allofthemareareasthatcanbetrainedbeforethewinterseason.G.However,itcanbehardonthebodythefirsttimeyouhittheslopes.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Standinginthestore,Ilookedatthepaintingsuppliesexcitedly.“Areyousurethesearewhatyouwantforyourbirthday?”myhusbandasked21.“I'mverysure.Ireallywanttogiveita22,”Ireplied.Iwassmilingwith23.Helookedatmehesitantlyand24hishead.25,thiswasasecretI'dkeptforawhile.Everyday,myhusbandwenttowork.I'dlookaftermyson,cleanthehouseandpreparedinner.IthadbeenadecadesinceItookanytimetopursuemyown26．Ihadbecomeadrudge（苦工）．Iwantedexcitementandcreativeexpression,butmostlyIwantedcolors.SoI27themostinterestingsupplies.“Ihaveafeelingthatyou'regoingtoputalltheseinatoolboxandnever28themagain,”myhusbandsaid.Forthefirstmonth,hewas29.Iputthesuppliesintoatoolbox.Iadmiredthemeveryday,butIcouldn'tseemtofindthetimetostartpainting.Ifoundonereasonoranothernotto30.Oneday,whenmysoncaughtme31thetoolboxagain,heaskedcuriously,“Mommy,whenareyougoing学科网（北京）股份有限公司,to32?”“No33daythantoday,”Iannouncedandbroughtoutallthematerials.Fromthenon,myhouseseemedtoneverbeperfectlyclean,butmylifewasfullof34.Mostimportantly,Inolongerfeltlikeadrudge.Ihadanew35.21.A.pleasantlyB.anxiouslyC.awkwardlyD.doubtfully22.A.breakB.goC.missD.look23.A.expectationB.shameC.agreementD.pride24.A.coveredB.bowedC.hitD.shook25.A.LuckilyB.GenerallyC.FranklyD.Strangely26.A.rightsB.hobbiesC.educationD.position27.A.selectedB.admiredC.createdD.collected28.A.buyB.likeC.touchD.fix29.A.tolerantB.wiseC.supportiveD.correct30.A.fearB.startC.refuseD.dream31.A.workingatB.lookingforC.staringatD.payingfor32.A.quitB.rememberC.succeedD.paint33.A.busierB.betterC.tougherD.bigger34.A.sufferingsB.achievementsC.colorsD.chances35.A.purposeB.memoryC.occupationD.challenge第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。DishaFlorenceneverthoughtshewouldbecomeawebnovelwriter.TheladyfromBangladesh,wastryingtofindawaytofreeherselffromtherestrictionsfacedbyawoman,36wishshehashadsinceshewas8.Itwasthenthatsheobservedthatbeingagirl37(mean)shecouldn'tplayintheparklikeboys,andthatsheneededtolearntodohousework.Asshegrewup,sherealizedthat38experienceandknowledge,it'simpossibletobefree.Therefore,while39(continue)herstudy,Florenceworkedasavolunteer,goingtoplacesandmeetingpeoplewithorwithoutherparents'40(permit).Herfathertoldher,“Youneedtomakeyourownmoneytodoasyouwish.”Florencefoundthisadvice41(logic),butdidn'tknowwhattodo.At22,shenoticedontheChinesereadingappWebnovelthatthewebsitewashiringauthorswho42(say)tobeabletomakemuchmoney.Withoutthinking43(far),Florencestartedwritingandbecameaprofessionalwebnovelist.44(inspire)bypopularChinese“CEOnovels"ontheapp,Florencewroteherfirstbook.Thisstoryaboutself-respectandself-love,45charactersareChinese,issetinEurope.NowFlorencehasabout164,200readersonWebnovelandisworkingonanothertwobooks.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，你的美术老师Ms.Zhou将举办在线讲座，介绍四幅中国名画和中国画的创作技巧。请给你的英国朋友Thomas写一封邮件，邀请他观看，内容包括：学科网（北京）股份有限公司,1．讲座内容；2．邀请理由；3．时间和观看方式。注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearThomas,Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。“Besuretohangthedecorationshigh,”saidPolly,mystepmom.“Jakemightmistakethecolorfulglassballsforhistoysandtrytobitethem.”JakewasnewtoourfamilythatChristmas.Hewasabeautifulbrown-and-whitedog.And,ofcourse,hewasloadedwiththecuriositythatmadeeverythingatoy.TwoweeksbeforeChristmas,webroughtouttheboxesofdecorations,manyofwhichhadbeeninPolly'sfamilyforages.Amongthemwasaspecialboxthatheldanentiregingerbreadfamily（姜饼人）.Theywererealcookies，hungwithredribbons（丝带）andmademanyyearsearlier.Everynowandthen,Ioroneofmylittlesisters-RuthandSue-wouldpretendweweregoingtoeatone,knowingthatPollywouldsay,“You’llbreakatooth!They'resooldthatthey'rerock-hard.”Wedidn'treallywanttoeatthem,butweenjoyedmakingfunofPolly.Sincewedidn'tknowhowJakewouldreacttothedecorationsortheChristmastree，wewerecarefultoputthedecorationsuphigh.Jakesniffed（嗅）thetreealot.Thosefirstcoupleofdays,Pollycaughthimstartingtoliftalegonthetreetwice.Buthelearnedquicklyandsettledforsniffingfromadistance.TheweekendbeforeChristmas,DadandPollytookustowatchthenewholidaymovie.Excited,wejumpedintothecarwithbagsofhome-madepopcorn,andoffwewentforagreatevening.Afewhourslater,wereturnedhome,onlytofind...aterriblemess.Itwasn'ttheChristmastree.Infact,weweren'tsurewhatitwas.Westoodjustinsidethedoorstaringatthemess.Asitturnedout,itwasJake'sbed,whichhe'ddestroyed.Leftaloneforthefirsttime,hemusthavegottenbored,attackeditandleftitfordead.Wedidn'tknowthatthebedwasnottheonlyvictim.注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。学科网（北京）股份有限公司,Thenextmorning,wegirlswereplayinginthelivingroomwhenRuthletoutasuddencry.“Itwasn'tme,”Isaid,incaseanybodythoughtI'dhadamidnightsnackofrock-harddecorations.学科网（北京）股份有限公司,学科网（北京）股份有限公司,学科网（北京）股份有限公司,学科网（北京）股份有限公司,学科网（北京）股份有限公司,学科网（北京）股份有限公司,学科网（北京）股份有限公司,学科网（北京）股份有限公司