重庆市2022届高三上学期第一次学业质量调研抽测（一诊）英语试题（Word版带解析）

高2022届学业质量调研抽测（第一次）英语试卷（试卷共10页，考试时间为120分钟，满分为150分。）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分。）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howmuchisthecarmodel-100now?A.25yuan.B.50yuan.C.100yuan.2.Wheredoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inanairport.B.Onatrain.C.Atastation.3.WhatisTomgoingtodofirst?A.Tointroducehimself.B.Tobeginthedutyreport.C.Togotothefront.4.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Heacceptedthewoman’srequest.B.Thewoman’spaperiswellwritten.C.Thepapershouldbehandedinontime.5.Whywasthewomandisconnected?A.Theticketsweresoldout.B.Everyonewasbusywiththeshow.C.Therewassomethingwrongwiththeline.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题.,6.Whatdoestheboythinkofpolitics?A.Boring.B.Difficult.C.Interesting.7.Whatdoesthegirladvisetheboytodo?A.Takenotescarefullyinclass.B.Readthetextbookthoroughly.C.Studythesummariesofthelectures.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Howdoesthegirlkillthefreetime?A.Byreadingmagazines.B.Byhavingsomedrinks.C.Bychattingwithcustomers.9.Whatisthegirlunhappyaboutherjob?A.Thepay.B.Theworkingtime.C.Theworkplace.10.Whatbenefitcanthegirlget?A.Getdiscountsatothershops.B.Leaveearlyintheafternoon.C.Takethelocaltrainsforfree.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Parentandkid.B.Customerandtravelagent.C.Managerandsecretary.12.Whydoesn’tthewomantakethedirectflight?A.ShewantstovisitChicago.B.It’smuchmoreexpensive.C.Thedeparturetimeistooearly.13.Whendoesthewoman’sflightleave?A.OnSaturdayafternoon.B.OnSundaymorning.C.OnSundayevening.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Thecostofliving.B.Havinganotherchild.C.Familyrelatives.15.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?,A.Hehasonlyonechild.B.Hehasmanyrelatives.C.Hedislikestheothers.16.Whatisthewoman’sfamilylike?A.Big.B.Small.C.Poor.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatkindofproblemismentionedinthepassage?A.Airpollution.B.Lightpollution.C.Waterpollution.18HowmanybirdsdiefromthepollutioneachyearinToronto?A.240.B.2,400.C.24,000.19Whyarethebabyseaturtlesoftenkilled?A.Theymovetooslowly.B.Theycrawltowardthecarsontheroad.C.Theyareconfusedbythelightsandgetkilledbypassingcars.20.Whatdopeopleinthecitysuffergreatlyfrom?A.Sleeplessness.B.Thehighpace.C.Toomuchnoise.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATherearemanytravelappsoutthere,butthesefourappscanbetterhelpeverytravelertosortthroughthousandsofreviews.Trythemoutonyournextadventure:GogobotGogobotrecentlylaunchedacompleteredesign,makingtheappmorevisualandeasytousefortripplanningandorganization.Recommendationsincludelodging,diningandentertainment.Gogobotgroupstravelersby“Tribes”inordertorecommendrestaurantsandactivities.TheideabehindTribesistoprovideinformationbasedonwhatpeoplewithsimilartravelstyleshaveenjoyed.Ifyouoftentravelwithyourfamily,Gogobotwillrecommendkid-friendlyexperiences.LocishWhengoingthroughmillionsofonlinereviews,Locishmakeslookingforaneedleinthehaystacksimplelikeawalkinthepark.Whenyoufirstsignon,theappasksyouafewquestionsaboutyourpreferences.Theappalsoletsyouaskaquestionofotherusersnearby:Ifyou’re,travelinginEngland,youcanask,“Where’sagreatbarwithclassicbeers?”andlocalscanoffersuggestionsinrealtime.CondéNastTraveler’sGoldListCondéNastTravelerhasanewtravelappcollectingallofthehotels,resorts,cruisesandrestaurantsrecommendedinissuesofthemagazine,organizingthembasedondestination.Inadditiontoprovidingaguidetoalloftheposhproperties（豪宅），GoldListincludesrecommendationsfromVITs,orVeryImportantTravelers.JetPacCityGuidesJetPacCityGuidesisanappbuiltontopofInstagram,analyzingmillionsofphotostorevealmoreaboutthelocationswheretheyaretaken.TheappwasfirstlaunchedinDecemberoflastyear,withversiontwo—whichincludesimprovedsearch-releasedlastmonth.1.What’sthewriter’spurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Topresentreviews.B.Tointroducetheapps.C.Tomaketravelpopular.D.Toshowthewaysoftripplanning.2.Ifyouwanttoenjoyaspecialkindofwineduringyourtrip,whichappwouldyouchoose?A.LocishB.GogobotC.JetPacCityGuidesD.CondeNastTraveler’sGoldList3.WhichisthespecialcharacteristicofCondéNastTraveler’sGoldList?A.Recommendingactivitiesforchildren.B.Gettingsuggestionsfromotherusersnearby.C.Givingaguidetoallofthehigh-classhotels.DProvidingdetailedinformationbyusingpictures.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个旅游app。【1题详解】推理判断题。由第一段“Therearemanytravelappsoutthere,butthesefourappscanbetterhelpeverytravelertosortthroughthousandsofreviews.Trythemoutonyournextadventure:”（那里有很多旅游应用程序，但这四个应用程序可以更好地帮助每个旅行者整理成千上万的评论。在您的下一次冒险中尝试一下：）可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐四个旅游app。故选B项。,【2题详解】细节理解题。由第二个小标题中的内容“Ifyou’retravelinginEngland,youcanask,“Where’sagreatbarwithclassicbeers?”andlocalscanoffersuggestionsinrealtime.”（如果您在英格兰旅行，您可以问：“哪里有一家很棒的酒吧供应经典啤酒？”当地人可以实时提供建议。）可知，在Locish上你可以找到酒吧喝酒。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。由第三个小标题中的内容“CondéNastTravelerhasanewtravelappcollectingallofthehotels,resorts,cruisesandrestaurantsrecommendedinissuesofthemagazine,organizingthembasedondestination.”（CondéNastTraveler有一个新的旅行应用程序，收集杂志上推荐的所有酒店、度假村、游轮和餐厅，并根据目的地进行组织。）可知，CondéNastTraveler’sGoldList可以给你提供一份高档酒店的指南。故选C项。BThelinestoenterSouthGate’sSouthEastHighSchoolandSouthEastMiddleSchoolat9a.m.Mondaywereeachabout200studentsdeep.KonyAguillonsatintheshadewhileherson,aneighth-grader,waitedforhishealthcheckin.ShehaddoneeverythingrightSundaynight,pre-checkingthedistrict’sDailyPasswebsitesothatitwouldbesmoothgoingthenextmorning.ButonMonday,thesystemwouldn’tload.Theyarrivedatschoolearly,around7:50a.m.,tocheckin,andanhourlater,theretheystood.“Iimagineditwasgoingtobecrazy,”sheadded,butnotasbadasitwas.Openingdayatthenation’ssecond-largestschooldistrictunfoldedwithamixofemotions:frustrationoverlongwaits,anxietyoverhealthprotocolsandconcernforhowthingswouldgoforchildrenwhohavebeenlearningonlineforayearandahalf.Butformany,thesenseofjoyandreliefatbeingtogetheragaineasedtheworries.IntheearlymorningatJohnMarshallHigh,linesofstudentswaitingtoenterextendedtwoblocks.By9a.m.,somestudentswerestillwaiting,havingmissedpartofthefirstclass.Inanticipationofdelays,GaryGarciahadalreadyextendedthefirstperiodofclassesbyabout18minutesinhopesthatallstudentscouldmeettheirteachers.Teachersandparentsalsoexpressedoptimism.“It’sexciting,”saidNohemiSanchez-Heredia,whoteachesfirstgrade.HenrietteJeterwasattheschoolwithherdaughters,whoarestartingkindergarten,secondandfifthgrades.Eventhough,theDeltavariant(德尔塔变异株)worriesher,shefeltherkidsneededtobebackinaclassroom.Themostcommonemotionswereinthelargesttype:“nervous”and“excited”mixedwithsomewhat“stressed”,“happy”,“tired”and“scared”.4.Whichofthefollowingcangenerallybestdescribeemotionsoutsidetheschoolgates?A.Relaxed.B.Disordered.C.Scared.D.Excited.5.Whatfactcausedthecheck-inslowbesidesabittoomanystudents?A.Nopreparation.B.Toomanyparents.C.Poorloadingsystem.D.Extensionofthefirstperiod.6.What’sthemeaningofunderlinedword“protocols”inparagraph3?A.Benefits.B.Testreports.C.Problems.D.Physicalstrengths.7.Whomightbeaschoolmaster?A.GaryGarcia.B.HenrietteJeter.C.KonyAguillon.D.NohemiSanchez-Heredia.【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。报道了周一上午，南门市东南高中和东南中学的学生在因疫情造成的长假之后，开学时的情况以及人们复杂的情绪。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Openingdayatthenation’ssecond-largestschooldistrictunfoldedwithamixofemotions:frustrationoverlongwaits,anxietyoverhealthprotocolsandconcernforhowthingswouldgoforchildrenwhohavebeenlearningonlineforayearandahalf.(这个全国第二大学区的开学日充满了复杂的情绪：对长时间等待的沮丧，对健康protocols的焦虑，以及对已经在网上学习了一年半的孩子们将如何发展的担忧。)”以及最后一段“Themostcommonemotionswereinthelargesttype:‘nervous’and‘excited’mixedwithsomewhat‘stressed’,‘happy’,‘tired’and‘scared’.(最常见的情绪交织成最庞大的特征：‘紧张’和‘兴奋’，混合着一些‘焦虑不安’、‘快乐’、‘疲惫’和‘害怕’。)”可以推知，学校门外的情绪是杂乱的。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“ButonMonday,thesystemwouldn’tload.Theyarrivedatschoolearly,around7:50a.m.,tocheckin,andanhourlater,theretheystood.(但是到了周一，系统就不能加载了。他们很早就到了学校，大概早上7:50,左右，去登记，一个小时后，他们还站在那里。)”可知，加载系统不良导致签到速度变慢。故选C项。【6题详解】词句猜测题。第二段中“KonyAguillonsatintheshadewhileherson,aneighth-grader,waitedforhishealthcheckin.(KonyAguillon坐在阴凉处，她的儿子是一名八年级学生，正在等待体检。)”说明孩子们入学前要进行身体检测，从而推知划线词句“Openingdayatthenation’ssecond-largestschooldistrictunfoldedwithamixofemotions:frustrationoverlongwaits,anxietyoverhealthprotocolsandconcernforhowthingswouldgoforchildrenwhohavebeenlearningonlineforayearandahalf.(这个全国第二大学区的开学日充满了复杂的情绪：对长时间等待的沮丧，对健康protocols的焦虑，以及对已经在网上学习了一年半的孩子们将如何发展的担忧。)”其中划线词汇应为“体检检测报告”的意思，选项B“检测报告”与之意义最为接近。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Inanticipationofdelays,GaryGarciahadalreadyextendedthefirstperiodofclassesbyabout18minutesinhopesthatallstudentscouldmeettheirteachers.(考虑到可能会延迟，GaryGarcia已经将第一节课延长了18分钟，希望所有学生都能见到他们的老师。)”可以推知，GaryGarcia可能是校长。故选A项。CFindingamaskwhichoffersyouahighprotectionleveltofiltering（过滤）outanyparticles（颗粒）foralongtimeisimportant.However,afterafewhoursofwearing,themaskbecomescontaminated（污染）bytheparticlesandyoucanreplaceitwithanewone.See,youcan’tmisstohaveamaskofferingactiveprotectioninadditiontopassivefiltration.Thefirstruleofamaskofferingyouanykindofprotectionisthatitneedstofitwell.Themaskalsoneedstobecomfortableandallowyoutobreatheeasilyforyoutobeabletokeepitonforasmanyhoursasneeded.Duringlonghoursofwearing,foodanddirtmayremainontheinsideofyourmask.Allthehoursspentinaplacewithless-than-idealconditionsforproperhumanhealtharewonderfulnewsforbacteria（细菌）togrowonfoodparticlesandmuck（污物）leftbehindontheinsideofyourmaskcausingabadsmell.Soyou’dbetterhaveakindthatkillsoffthesmell-causingbacterialeavingyourmasksmellingfreshwithoutanybadsmell.Youshouldlookforclothmasksthathavemultiplelayersofbreathablefabricthatistightly,woven,includearobust（结实的）nosewireforyoutoadjustthemasktotheshapesofyourfaceandpreventtheairescapingfromaroundyournose,donothavegapsaroundthenoseorsidesofthefaceandthatblockoutthelightifyouholdthemaskuptoabrightlightsource.Itcomeswithyourchoiceofeitherheadstraps（线绳）orearstraps,bothadjustable.Itisgoodiftheproductsalsooffer4sizesrangingfromkidstoadultstoensureeveryonestaysprotected.8.Whatismostimportantaboutamaskaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.Offeringpassivefiltration.B.Offeringactiveprotection.C.Offeringtoworkforlonghours.D.Offeringtofilteroutanyparticles.9.Whyshouldamaskhavearobustnosewire?A.Toshapeyourface.B.Toblockoutthelight.CTooffer4sizesrangingfromkidstoadults.D.Toadjusttheshapetopreventtheairescaping.10.Whichofthefollowingcan’tbeadjusted?A.Thesize.B.Theearstrap.C.Thenosewire.D.Theheadstrap.11.Whomisthepassageintendedfor?A.Thekids.B.Thedoctors.C.Thecitizens.D.Themaskmakers.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了挑选口罩的方式。【8题详解】细节理解题。由第一段“Findingamaskwhichoffersyouahighprotectionleveltofiltering（过滤）outanyparticles（颗粒）foralongtimeisimportant.”（寻找一种能够为您提供高防护等级以长时间过滤掉任何颗粒的口罩非常重要。）可知，口罩能提供有效的保护是很重要的。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。由尾段“Youshouldlookforclothmasksthathavemultiplelayersofbreathablefabricthatistightlywoven,includearobust（结实的）nosewireforyoutoadjustthemasktotheshapesofyourfaceandpreventtheairescapingfromaroundyournose,donothavegapsaroundthenoseorsidesofthefaceandthatblockoutthelightifyouholdthemaskuptoabrightlightsource.,”（您应该寻找具有多层紧密编织的透气织物的布口罩，包括一根坚固的鼻线，以便您将面罩调整为适合您的脸型并防止空气从鼻子周围逸出，周围没有缝隙如果您将面罩举到明亮的光源下，鼻子或脸部的侧面会挡住光线。）可知，口罩需要坚固的鼻绳来紧贴鼻子，防止气体流出。故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。由尾段“Itisgoodiftheproductsalsooffer4sizesrangingfromkidstoadultstoensureeveryonestaysprotected.”（如果产品还提供从儿童到成人的4种尺寸，以确保每个人都受到保护，那就太好了。）可知，口罩的大小不能调整。故选A项。【11题详解】推理判断题。由第一段“Findingamaskwhichoffersyouahighprotectionleveltofiltering（过滤）outanyparticles（颗粒）foralongtimeisimportant.However,afterafewhoursofwearing,themaskbecomescontaminated（污染）bytheparticlesandyoucanreplaceitwithanewone.See,youcan’tmisstohaveamaskofferingactiveprotectioninadditiontopassivefiltration.”（寻找一种能够为您提供高防护等级以长时间过滤掉任何颗粒的口罩非常重要。但是，佩戴几个小时后，口罩会被颗粒污染，您可以更换新口罩。看，除了被动过滤外，您不能错过提供主动保护的面罩。）可知，本文主要介绍了挑选口罩对抗污染的方式，故其目标读者是所有市民。故选C项。DMykidssitinGee’slivingroomandgentlylifttheChristmasornaments（装饰品）outofawell-lovedcardboardbox.Geestandsbesidethem,quietlyexplainingeachtreasure.ShetellsthemthatsheandTombuilttheirornamentcollectionpiecebypieceduringeachyear’safter-Christmassale.WefirstmetTomandGeeintheearlydaysofourmarriage.Someonehadbeenreturningourgarbagecanstothegarageeachgarbageday,andJimandIhadwonderedwho.Thenonedaywespottedhim:anelderlymanwholivedacrossthestreet.Ibakedcookiesandlefttheminachairoutsidethegaragewithathank-younote.Whenwegothomefromworkthatday,atypedletterhadreplacedthegift.TheletterwasfromTomandexplainedhowhehadcometowalktheneighborhoodongarbageday.Then,hisyoungwife,Gee,foundherselflivingalone.Neighborshadtotakethetimetohandlehergarbagecans.,WephotocopiedthatletterandattachedittooneofourownforGee.WetoldherhowspecialTomhadbeentous,howwegrieved（悲伤）forher,howthankfulweweretohaveknownhim.WhenGeeinvitedusovertolookthroughtheChristmasornaments,Irealizedhowharditistopartwiththatbox,apieceofTom.It’sthemanwholetsourkidspickpeachesoffthetreeinhisfrontyard.It’stheladieswhocallTomwhentheirpoolfilterbreaks.Thesedays,we’repilingupboxesofourown.We’replanningamove,butJimandIagreetowaituntilJanuary.ThisChristmas,we’lldecorateourtreewithGee’sornaments,outoftheboxthatislabeledinTom’shandwriting.Thankyou,Filsay,forteachinguswhatitmeanstobeaneighbor.12.Howdidthewriterbeginthepassage?A.Byshowingafact.B.Bygivinganexample.C.Bypresentingascene.D.Byintroducingthecharacters.13.WhatkindofpersonwasTomaccordingtothewriter?A.Gratefulandambitious.B.Successfulandfriendly.C.Hardworkingandhopeful.D.Kindandhelpful.14.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Tomwasgone.B.Geeplannedamove.C.JimwouldhelpGeewithherChristmastree.D.ThewriterandJimbuilttheirornamentcollection.15.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheSadnessofLosingaBelovedOneB.TheHelpfromaGarbageManC.TheKindnessoftheYoungCoupleD.TheGiftofaNeighbor【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了Tom总是默默无闻地为作者家倒垃圾，这样的善举感动了作者。作者明白了什么才是真正的邻居。【12题详解】推理判断题。由第一段“MykidssitinGee’slivingroomandgentlylifttheChristmasornamentsoutofawell-lovedcardboardbox.Geestandsbesidethem,quietlyexplainingeachtreasure.ShetellsthemthatsheandTombuilttheirornamentcollectionpiecebypieceduringeachyear’s,after-Christmassale.”（我的孩子们坐在Gee的客厅里，轻轻地把圣诞装饰品从一个广受喜爱的硬纸盒里拿出来。Gee站在他们旁边，静静地解释着每一件珍宝。她告诉他们，她和汤姆在每年的圣诞节后大减价期间一件一件地制作了他们的装饰品。）可推断，作者在第一段呈现孩子们拿出圣诞装饰品，然后Gee一件件解释这些收藏品的场景。故选C项。【13题详解】推理判断题。由文章第二段“WefirstmetTomandGeeintheearlydaysofourmarriage.Someonehadbeenreturningourgarbagecanstothegarageeachgarbageday,andJimandIhadwonderedwho.Thenonedaywespottedhim:anelderlymanwholivedacrossthestreet”（我们第一次见到Tom和Gee是在结婚初期。有人每个垃圾日都把我们的垃圾桶送回车库，Jim和我想知道是谁。后来有一天我们发现了他：一个住在街对面的老人。）可知Tom是一个乐于帮助别人的人。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。由第四段“Then,hisyoungwife,Gee,foundherselflivingalone.”（然后，他年轻的妻子吉发现自己一个人住。）以及地五段“WetoldherhowspecialTomhadbeentous,howwegrievedforher,howthankfulweweretohaveknownhim.”（我们告诉她Tom对我们有多么特别，我们多么为她难过，多么感激我们认识了他。）可推断，Tom已经离世，特别是“howspecialTomhadbeentous”中用的过去完成时，更能确定Tom的离开。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。由文章最后一段“Thesedays,we’repilingupboxesofourown.We’replanningamove,butJimandIagreetowaituntilJanuary.ThisChristmas,we’lldecorateourtreewithGee’sornaments,outoftheboxthatislabeledinTom’shandwriting.Thankyou,Filsay,forteachinguswhatitmeanstobeaneighbor.”（这些天来，我们在堆积自己的箱子。我们正计划搬家，但吉姆和我同意等到一月份。今年圣诞节，我们将用Gee的装饰品装饰我们的圣诞树，用盒子包装上有一个Tom手写的标签。菲尔说，谢谢你教会我们做邻居的意义。）可知，作者用Gee的装饰品装饰他们的圣诞树，而且感谢Tom教会了他怎么做邻居。再结合选项，D选项更切题，gift不只是指Gee留下的装饰品，更是指Tom教会了他怎么做邻居。故选D项。第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项（选项中有两项为多余选项）HOWTOFIGHTBURNOUT,Youcanavoidburnoutbyfocusingonpersonalcharacteristicsassociatedwithmoreresilience（恢复力）.ResearchpublishedinthejournalCurrentPsychologyfindssomethinguseful.____16____Focusonsolvingproblems.Ratherthanavoidingproblems,findwaystoaddressthem.Ifyou’rehavingaconflictwithacoworker,sitdownwiththemandtalkthroughtheissues.Ifyou’reoveryourheadwithaprojectatwork,letyourbossknowandaskforhelp.____17____Believeinyourownabilities.Ofcourse,you’renotperfect,buthavingconfidenceinyourcapabilitieswillgoalongwaytowardyoursuccess.Burnoutischaracterizedbyshameorquestioningyoureffectiveness.____18____Makealistofyourskillsandtalents.Focusonwhatyouwanttolearnandwhereyouwanttogofromhere—identifytheclassyouwanttotakeorthepersonyouwanttogettoknowandlearnfrom.Investinsocialrelationships.Beingahigh-achieverdoesn’tmeanyouhavetopushawayothers.____19____Plus,havingtimeawaywithpeopleyoucareaboutcanactuallyprovideinspirationwhenyoudowork.____20____Youcanpreventburnoutfromoccurringagainbyknowinghowtolookoutforit.Thereareusuallysomeindicatorsthatyouareabouttoexperienceburnout.Whenyouspotthesesigns,takealookatyourlifeandmakesomepositiveadditions.A.Knowthewarningsigns.B.Makeleisuretimemeaningful.C.Remindyourselfofallyou’veaccomplished.D.Thefollowingarekeywaystoaddressburnout.E.Listentoothersforexperience,especiallynegativeself-talk.F.Socialsupportcanbeagreatwaytohelpyoufightagainstworkstress.G.Overall,seektotakeactionratherthansidesteppingoravoidingissues.【答案】16.D17.G18.C19.E20.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了对抗倦怠的方法。【16题详解】上文“Youcanavoidburnoutbyfocusingonpersonalcharacteristicsassociatedwithmoreresilience（恢复力）.ResearchpublishedinthejournalCurrentPsychologyfindssomethinguseful.,”（您可以通过关注与恢复力相关的个人特征来避免倦怠。发表在《当代心理学》杂志上的研究发现了一些有用的东西。）说明一些研究对于对抗倦怠有用，下文第二、第三、第四段开头“Focusonsolvingproblems.”（专注于解决问题。）“Believeinyourownabilities.”（相信自己的能力。）“Investinsocialrelationships.”（投资于社会关系。），在讲具体的措施，空处句子起承上启下的作用，与选项D.Thefollowingarekeywaystoaddressburnout.（以下是解决倦怠的关键方法。）相一致。故选D。【17题详解】上文“Focusonsolvingproblems.Ratherthanavoidingproblems,findwaystoaddressthem.”（专注于解决问题。与其回避问题，不如寻找解决问题的方法。）说明不要逃避问题，而是要面对、解决问题，与选项G.Overall,seektotakeactionratherthansidesteppingoravoidingissues.（总体而言，寻求采取行动，而不是回避或回避问题。）相一致。故选G。【18题详解】下文“Makealistofyourskillsandtalents.”（列出你的技能和才能。）说明要记得自己的优点和强项，与选项C.Remindyourselfofallyou’veaccomplished.（提醒自己你已经完成的一切。）相一致。故选C。【19题详解】上文“Investinsocialrelationships.”（投资于社会关系。）说明要在人际关系上投资，要善于倾听，与别人建立良好的人际关系，与选项E.Listentoothersforexperience,especiallynegativeself-talk.（倾听他人的经验，尤其是消极的自言自语。）相一致。故选E。【20题详解】下文“Thereareusuallysomeindicatorsthatyouareabouttoexperienceburnout.Whenyouspotthesesigns,takealookatyourlifeandmakesomepositiveadditions.”（通常有一些指标表明您将经历倦怠。当你发现这些迹象时，看看你的生活并做出一些积极的补充。）说明要善于提前辨别倦怠的相关迹象，与选项A.Knowthewarningsigns.（了解警告标志。）相一致。故选A。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Gurnah,growingupinZanzibar,anislandoffthecoastofTanzania,wasawardedtheNobelPrizeinLiteratureonThursday.,HeisthefirstBlackwriter____21____theprizesinceToniMorrisonin1993,andsomeobserverssawhis____22____asalongdelayedcorrective(矫正)afteryearsofEuropeanandAmericanNobellaureates(获得者).Inhis10novels,Gurnahhasoftenexploredthe____23____ofexile(流放)，identityandbelonging.They____24____“MemoryofDeparture”“PilgrimsWay”and“Dottie,”whichalldealwiththeimmigrant(移民)experienceinBritain.Gurnah’sfirstlanguageisSwahili,buthe____25____Englishashisliterarylanguage.HedrewontheimageryandstoriesfromtheQuran,____26____fromArabicandPersianpoetry,particularly“TheArabianNights.”ThenewsofGumah’sNobel____27____byfellownovelistsandacademicswhohavelongarguedthathis____28____deserveawideraudience.GurnahwasborninZanzibar,whichisnow____29____ofTanzania,in1948.Then,in1964,hefledtoEngland.____30____,poor,homesick,hebegantowritescraps(片段)inhisdiary,then____31____entries,thenstoriesaboutotherpeople.Inhis20s,hestarted____32____fiction.Thenhefinishedhisfirstnovel,“MemoryofDeparture,”aboutayoungmanwhofleesafaileduprising,atthesametimehewaswritinghisPh.D.dissertation(论文).____33____,hebecameaprofessorofEnglish.ThoughGurnahhasn’tlivedinTanzaniasincehewasa____34____,hishomelandalwaysinspireshimofhisimagination.____35____,hesaid“myhomelandalwaysassertsmyselfinmyimagination,evenwhenIdeliberatelytrytosetmystorieselsewhere”.21.A.toreceiveB.toconfirmC.tosearchD.toappreciate22.A.sectionB.selectionC.collectionD.consultation23.A.themesB.opinionsC.passagesD.suggestions24.A.explodeB.concludeC.provideD.include25.A.advisedB.adaptedC.adoptedD.affected26.A.asmuchasB.aslongasC.asoftenasD.aswellas27.A.wasawardedB.wasdiscussedC.wascelebratedD.wassuspected28.A.jobsB.worksC.laborsD.careers29.A.partB.nameC.homeD.country30.A.AdmirableB.RespectableC.FashionableD.Miserable31.A.higherB.longerC.strongerD.heavier32.A.readingB.hearingC.writingD.watching,33.A.AfterwardsB.ForwardsC.BackwardsD.Frontwards34.A.writerB.teenagerC.scholarD.professor35.A.AsaresultB.AtthesametimeC.OntheotherhandD.Inhisownword【答案】21.A22.B23.A24.D25.C26.D27.C28.B29.A30.D31.B32.C33.A34.B35.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2021年度诺贝尔文学奖获得者，坦桑尼亚作家古尔纳(Gurnah)的生平及作品。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：古尔纳是自1993年托妮·莫里森(ToniMorrison)以来首位获得诺贝尔文学奖的黑人作家，一些观察人士认为，多年来诺贝尔奖的获得者都是欧洲人和美国人，古尔纳的入选是一种拖延已久的（对此现象的）纠正。A.toreceive得到，收到；B.toconfirm确认；C.tosearch搜查；D.toappreciate欣赏。根据第一段“Gurnah,growingupinZanzibar,anislandoffthecoastofTanzania,wasawardedtheNobelPrizeinLiteratureonThursday.”可知，古尔纳被授予诺贝尔文学奖，所以他“收到”奖了。故选A项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：古尔纳是自1993年托妮·莫里森以来首位获得诺贝尔文学奖的黑人作家，一些观察人士认为，多年来诺贝尔奖的获得者都是欧洲人和美国人，古尔纳的入选是一种拖延已久的（对此现象的）纠正。A.section部分，部门；B.selection选择；C.collection收藏品；D.consultation咨询。根据句意可知，诺贝尔文学奖的甄选委员“选择”古尔纳为诺贝尔文学奖的获得者。故选B项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他的10部小说中，古尔纳经常探讨流亡、身份和归属感的主题。A.themes主题；B.opinions意见；C.passages段落；D.suggestions建议。根据下文“They4“MemoryofDeparture”“PilgrimsWay”and“Dottie,”whichalldealwiththeimmigrant(移民)experienceinBritain.”可知，古尔纳的作品，包括《离开的记忆》，《朝圣者之路》和《多蒂》，都是围绕移在英国的移民经历而展开，即以流亡、身份和归属感为“主题”。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们包括《离开的记忆》，《朝圣者之路》和《多蒂》，这些作品都是围绕移在英国的移民经历而展开。A.explode爆炸；B.conclude总结；C.provide提供；D.,include包括。根据前文“Inhis10novels,Gurnahhasoftenexploredthe3ofexile(流放)，identityandbelonging.”可知，古尔纳有10个作品，其中“包括”这三个。故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：古尔纳的第一语言是斯瓦希里语，但他采用英语作为他的文学语言。A.advised建议；B.adapted适应；C.adopted采用；D.affected影响。根据第四段第一句“GurnahwasborninZanzibar,whichisnow9ofTanzania,in1948.”可知，桑给巴尔当年是英国殖民地，可以推知，古尔纳少年时在国内接受的就是英语教育。且根据下文“13,hebecameaprofessorofEnglish.”可知，古尔纳是英语教授，他能“采用”英语搞创作。故选C项。【26题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：他借鉴了《古兰经》中的意象和故事，以及阿拉伯和波斯诗歌（的意向和故事），尤其是《一千零一夜》。A.asmuchas多达；B.aslongas只要，和……一样长；C.asoftenas尽可能经常；D.aswellas而且，和。根据语境可知，他的作品中有《古兰经》“和”阿拉伯和波斯诗歌的元素。故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：古尔纳获得诺贝尔奖的消息受到了小说家同行和学者们的庆祝，他们一直认为他的作品应该有更广泛的读者。A.wasawarded颁发；B.wasdiscussed讨论；C.wascelebrated庆祝；D.wassuspected怀疑。根据语境，小说家同行和学者们一直认为古尔纳的小说就是好，值得推广，所以古尔纳获得诺贝尔奖，应该“庆贺”一下。故选C项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：古尔纳获得诺贝尔奖的消息受到了小说家同行和学者们的庆祝，他们一直认为他的作品应该有更广泛的读者。A.jobs工作；B.works作品，工厂；C.labors任务，工作；D.careers职业，事业。根据语境可知，读者阅读的是“works”，意为“作品”。故填B项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：古尔纳1948年出生在桑给巴尔，现在是坦桑尼亚的一部分。A.part部分；B.name名称；C.home家；D.country国家。可知，短语“partof…”，意为“……的一部分”。故选A项。【30题详解】,考查形容词词义辨析。句意：悲惨的，可怜的，想家，他开始在日记里写只言片语，然后写长一点的短记录，然后写他人的故事。A.Admirable令人钦佩的；B.Respectable可敬的；C.Fashionable时髦的；D.Miserable悲惨的。根据并列词汇“poor”和“homesick”，设空处应该也是表消极性、负面的词汇。故选D项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：悲惨的，可怜的，想家，他开始在日记里写只言片语，然后写长一点的短记录，然后写他人的故事。A.higher更高的；B.longer更长的；C.stronger更强的；D.heavier更重的。根据语境可知，古尔纳的写作是一步步培养的，先零碎片段，接着“长一点”的简短记录，接着再长一点的真人真事。故选B项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：20多岁时，他开始写小说。A.reading阅读；B.hearing听力；C.writing写作；D.watching观察。根据上文“10,poor,homesick,hebegantowritescraps（片段）inhisdiary,then11entries,thenstoriesaboutotherpeople.”可知，“write”为复现词。根据语境可知，古尔纳的写作是一步步培养的，先零碎片段，接着“长一点”的简短记录，接着再长一点的真人真事，然后“写”虚构小说。故选C项。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：后来，他成了英语教授。A.Afterwards然后；B.Forwards向前；C.Backwards向后；D.Frontwards向前。根据语境，本段介绍了古尔纳的文学创作的发展过程，有明显的时间顺序。故选A项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管古尔纳从青少年起，就没有在坦桑尼亚生活过，但是他的祖国总是激发他的想象力。A.writer作家；B.teenager青少年；C.scholar学者；D.professor教授。根据第四段“GurnahwasborninZanzibar,whichisnow9ofTanzania,in1948.Then,in1964,hefledtoEngland.”可知，16岁时，古尔纳离开了坦桑尼亚，逃难到英国，就没回坦桑尼亚去生活过。故选B项。【35题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：他说:“我的祖国总是在我的想象中维护我自己，即使我故意把我的故事放在别的地方。”。A.Asaresult结果；B.Atthesametime同时；C.Ontheotherhand另一方面；D.Inhisownword用他自己的话。根据语境，这句话是古尔纳对上文“hishomelandalwaysinspireshimofhisimagination”的诠释，以说明他的小说中时时处处有着他的祖国的影子。故选D项。,第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式.Inrecentyears,withtherapiddevelopmentofChina’seconomicandsocialconstruction,thedevelopmentofeducationhasreachedanewlevel,buttheregionaleducationinequity____36____(attract)people’sattentioneversince.Inmyopinion,therearethreereasons____37____thisphenomenon.Thefirstistheunfairinvestment.Theinvestmentinurbanschoolsismuchmorethan____38____inruralschools.Thesecondistheinequalityofeducationalresources.Someschoolshaveadvancedfacilities,____39____(provide)theirstudentswithagoodlearningenvironment.____40____,someschoolsonlyhavebasicones.Finally,inequalityisalso-reflectedintheallocation(分配)ofteachers.Theteaching____41____(able)ofteachersindevelopedareasis____42____(general)better,whilemostoftheteachersinlessdevelopedareasaresupportingteachersorsubstituteteachers.Sohowtosolvethisproblem?Firstly,____43____(increase)investmentineducationtonarrowregionaldifferences.Secondly,theallocationofresourcesshouldbereformed,andthecompulsoryeducationshouldbeallocatedas____44____whole.Finally,experiencedorhighly____45____(educate)teachersareencouragedtoteachinremoteareas.【答案】36.hasattracted37.for38.that39.providing40.However41ability42.generally43.increase44.a45.educated【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章讲了我国教育不公平的原因和解决措施。【36题详解】考查动词。句意：近年来，随着我国经济和社会建设的快速发展，教育发展迈上了一个新的台阶，但区域教育不公平问题却引起了人们的广泛关注。eversince是现在完成时时态标志，but后句子的主语是inequality为单数。故填hasattracted。,【37题详解】考查介词。句意：在我看来，造成这种现象的原因有三个。固定搭配reasonforsth：……的原因。故填for。【38题详解】考查代词。句意：对城市学校的投资远远超过对农村学校的投资。此句把城市学校投资与农村学校投资作对比，investment一词前文出现过，此处可用指示代词that指代同类不同物的事物，避免重复。故填that。【39题详解】考查动词。句意：一些学校拥有先进的设施，为学生提供良好的学习环境。句子主干是Someschoolshaveadvancedfacilities已有谓语，provide用非谓语动词，且provide与someschools之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填providing。【40题详解】考查副词。句意：但是，有些学校只有基本的设施。上句说一些学校拥有先进的设施，本句说一些学校设施差，前后句存在转折关系。且有逗号和后文整个句子分开，用副词。故填However。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：发达地区教师的教学能力普遍较好，而欠发达地区的教师大多是辅助教师或代课教师。该空作句子主语，用名词，且ability表抽象意义，不可数。故填ability。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：发达地区教师的教学能力普遍较好，而欠发达地区的教师大多是辅助教师或代课教师。此处用副词修饰形容词better。故填generally。【43题详解】考查动词。句意：一是加大教育投入，缩小地区差异。这个句子是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故填increase。【44题详解】考查冠词。句意：二是改革资源配置，统筹分配义务教育。固定搭配asawhole：全局地、总体上。故填a。【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：最后，鼓励有经验或受过高等教育的教师到偏远地区任教。该空修饰名词teachers，用形容词。故填educated。,第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.理想是指路明灯，理想的实现只靠干，不靠空谈。高三学生理应有自己初步的职业规划。请你写一篇主题为“理想取业”演讲稿，在英语课堂上分享.内容主要包括：1.选择的职业；2.选择的理由；3.如何能实现.注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】WhenpeopleaskmewhatkindofjobIwanttoworkoninthefuture,myansweristobeateacher,whichismyidealjob.Iliketopassknowledgetonextgenerationandleadthemtofindtheirownplacesintheworld.What’smore,Icanlivenearmyfamilies,soIcangohomeoftenandenjoythedinnerwiththem.Idon'twanttoworkfarawayfrommyparents,becausemoneycan'tmakeupthetimewestaytogether.WhenIbecomeateacher,Iwillhavethelongvacation,thenIplantotravelaroundtheworld.TheplaceIvisitwillbringmealotofknowledgeandopenmyvision.IwillshowwhatIlearntomystudentsandletthemknowmoreabouttheworld.Imustfightformyidealcareer.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇主题为“理想职业”的演讲稿，在英语课堂上分享。【详解】1.词汇积累,而且：what’smore→moreover想做：wanttodo→bewillingtodo弥补：makeup→compensatefor眼界：vision→horizon2.句式拓展并列句变复合句原句：Iliketopassknowledgetonextgenerationandleadthemtofindtheirownplacesintheworld.拓展句：IliketopassknowledgetonextgenerationsothatIcanleadthemtofindtheirownplacesintheworld.【点睛】【高分句型1】WhenpeopleaskmewhatkindofjobIwanttoworkoninthefuture,myansweristobeateacher,whichismyidealjob.（运用了what引导宾语从句和which引导非限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】Idon'twanttoworkfarawayfrommyparents,becausemoneycan'tmakeupthetimewestaytogether.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句）第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Myfatherisapracticalman.Hecan’texplaincalculus(微积分)，buthecantellyouhowmuchpressureaboilerneeds.Hecan’tdrawanarchitect’splan,buthecantellyouifthepipesandwiringwillsustainthestructure.Heputhimselfthroughnightschooltobecomeanengineer,butthatwasonlyafterheworkedaslumber,anelectrician,andamechanic.Onedaywewalkedbyatoystorewindow.Sittinginthecomerwasthemostunusualdoll-houseI’deverseen.Itwasshapedlikedanupturnedlog（原木）.Littleovalwindowsdecoratedwithnicecurtainsandframedbytinybalconieswerecutintoit.“Oh,Daddy,”Isaid,“isn’titbeautiful?DoyouthinkSantaClauswillbringittome?”Dadlookedatthe$100pricetag,silent—that’saratherbigfigureinthosedays.“IthinkevenSantacouldn’taffordthishouse,”hejoked,liftinguphisbeltasheoftendoeswhenhe’snervous.“Maybeoneday,sweetheart.”OnChristmasmorning,Iawokeearlyandraceddownstairs.Inthedimlight,Imadeoutalotofwrappedboxesunderthetree—butnonelargeenoughtocontainmydollhouse.DadcouldseemydisappointmentHepulledmeontohislapandgentlytoldmehow,asaboy,hehadwantedared,wagon,buthisfathercouldn’taffordone.Hesaidhemadehisownfromwoodandoldwheelshefound.“I’llmakeoneforyou,”Dadassuredme.AndrightafterChristmas,despitealltheunfinishedprojectsathome,hestartedit.Inaively（幼稚地）thoughtitwasaneasytoytomake,buteverystepofthelongprocesswasconsiderablymorecomplexthanIhadanticipated.Nightafternight,Dadwouldcomehomefromhisjobdeadtired,yethe’dalwaysfindtimetoworkontheloghouse.Inthedarkyellowelectriclight,Dadwasalwaysbusycreatingmydollhouse.要求：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Ihesitated,wonderingifIshouldhelpmyfather.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Inall,ittookusonemonthofhardwork.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Ihesitated,wonderingifIshouldhelpmyfather.“Thenwe’llmakeonetogether,”hetoldme.First,Dadcutleftoverboardintostripsandnailedtheminacircleonawoodbase,showingmehowtomaketheroughedgessmooth.Thenhesawedthebaseinhalfandattachedhingestoonesidesothe“log”wouldswingopenandshut.Hegatheredpiecesofwallpaper,matchingpatternsas,carefully.Hepaintedtheoutsidewithshadesofbrown,andaddedatinypathtothefrontdoor--madefromrealconcrete.Inall,ittookusonemonthofhardwork.Buttheloghousewasthegreatestgiftachildcouldaskfor.LongafterIgaveupplayingwithdolls,IwouldstillsometimesbringitdownfromtheupperfloorjusttoadmireitandrememberthosemonthsIwatchedDadbringmydreamtolife.Dadhasspenthislifecreating,mendingandimprovingthemostvaluedpartsofmine.He’sgivenmethegreatesttreasureafathercangive.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，作者讲述了父亲亲自动手为自己制作玩具屋，给了作者一个父亲所能给予的东西。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“我犹豫了一下，想知道我是否应该帮助我的父亲。”可知，第一段可描写作者和父亲一起制作玩具屋的经过。由第二段首句内容“总共，我们花了一个月，努力工作。”可知，第二段可描写作者非常珍惜玩具屋以及感受到的浓浓的父爱。2.续写线索：一起制作玩具屋——父亲精心制作——珍爱玩具屋——感受父爱3.词汇激活行为类①.把……系在……：attach…to…/tie…to②.收集：gather/collectsth.together③.匹配：match/gowith情绪类①.喜欢：admire【点睛】[高分句型1].First,Dadcutleftoverboardintostripsandnailedtheminacircleonawoodbase,showingmehowtomaketheroughedgessmooth.（运用了现在分词作状语和“疑问词+不定式”作宾语）[高分句型2].Buttheloghousewasthegreatestgiftachildcouldaskfor.（运用了省略了关系词的定语从句）[高分句型3].LongafterIgaveupplayingwithdolls,IwouldstillsometimesbringitdownfromtheupperfloorjusttoadmireitandrememberthosemonthsIwatchedDadbringmydreamtolife.,（运用了after引导的状语从句，不定式作状语，省略了关系词的定语从句）