江西省五市九校2021届高三第一次联考英语试题 Word版含解析

江西省五市九校协作体2021届高三第一次联考英语试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。第I卷（选择题满分100分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whereisthewomangoingtoholdherbirthdayparty?A.Athome.B.Atapub.C.Atarestaurant.2.Whatdoesthewomanprobablywanttobuy?A.Coke.B.Mineralwater.C.Fruitjuice.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Visitingafriend.B.Holdingaparty.C.Makingashoppinglist.4.Whattimeisitnow?A.7:00.B.7:40.C.8:00.5.Whatwillthewomanprobablydothisevening?A.WatchTV.B.Learntodance.C.Studyfortheexam.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。请听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Windy.B.Sunny.C.Foggy.7.Howdoesthewomansoundattheendoftheconversation? A.Grateful.B.Curious.C.Humorous.请听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Toaskaboutthemeetingplace.B.Toarrangeforanappointment.C.Tochangethemeetingplace.9.Wherewillthemanprobablygonext?A.Thecyclingcenter.B.Theswimmingpool.C.Thestadium.请听第8段材料回答第10至12题。10.WhatdoweknowaboutJulie?A.Sheisgoodatdecorating.B.Shehasbeenillsincelastweek.C.Sheisinherlastyearatuniversity.11.Whenisthewoman'swedding?AOnWednesday.B.OnThursday.C.OnFriday.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister.B.Uncleandcousin.C.Fatheranddaughter.请听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Howdidthemangettotheparkthismorning?A.Bysubway.B.Bybus.C.Bycar.14.Whatdidthewomansayabouttherestaurant?A.Itwassmall.B.Itwasairless.C.Itwassurprising.15.Whatdidthemanlikebestabouttoday'strip?A.Thefilm.B.Theexhibition.C.Themusical.16.Whatdothespeakersagreetodo?A.Finishtheirpapersfirst.B.Gotravellingduringtheholidays.C.Visitthemuseumaftertheholidays.请听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatlanguagecourseisnewattheschoolthisyear?A.Spanish.B.English.C.Russian. 18.Whocananswerquestionsaboutthelanguagecourses?A.MissThompson.B.MissThomson.C.MissThorpe.19.HowlongisthelanguagecourseonSaturdaymornings?A.2hours.B.2.5hours.C.3hours.20.Whereisthemothsblock?A.Behindtheartsstudio.B.Nexttothelibrary.C.Besidethelecturetheatre.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheBestChildren'sBooksFrommysteriestoclassics,thesebookscanmakeakidsmile-andteachthemalifelessonortwo.ReadonforPeopleeditors'picks.She’SGotThisbyLaurieHemandezTheAmericangymnast'spicturebooktakespagesoutofherownlife:She'sGotThisfollowsZoe,ayounggirl,asshediscoversherloveforgymnastics.It'sacolorfulreminderthatyoumustfalltofly—theperfectmessageforanylittleone-MorganSmith,EditorialAssistant.WhatDoYouSay,Dear?bySesyleJoslinThisbookisathrowback,butitstillfeelsfreshtoday!It'saguidetomannersthatmakesevenadultslaugh—invaluablewhenitcomestobooksforyoungreaders,whichyoutendtoreadagainandagain.—AlexApatoff,LifestyleDirectorCitySpiesbyJamesPontiInhisDeadCityandFramed!trilogies(三部曲)，JamesPonticreatedamazinglyentertainingescapades(恶作剧)throughwhichhistweencharactersmarchedwithmischievous(淘气的)attitudeandcleversmarts.Heisatitagainwithhisnewest,whichfindsSaraMariaMartinez,a12-year-oldBrooklynkidandcomputerhacker,secretlyrecruitedbyamanknownasMotherintoaBritishnetworkofspies.—JeffTruesdell,WriterAWorldofOppositesbyGrayMalin Thephotographerrepurposessomeofhismostexcellentshotsintoakids"book.Usingphotosfromallovertheglobeandincludingsomeofkids'favoriteanimals,heillustratestheconceptof“opposites”.—AlexApatoff,LifestyleDirector1.Whosebookinspiresreaderstonevergiveup?A.GrayMalin’s.B.JamesPohti’s.C.LaurieHernandez’s.D.SesyleJoslin’s.2.WhatisWhatDoYouSay,Dear?about?A.Oppositethings.B.Howkidsshouldbehave.C.Teenspies'stories.D.Howagymnastrealizesherdream.3.Whatdoweknowaboutthelastbook?A.Ithasafollow-up.B.Itisfordetectivefans.C.Itfeatureswonderfulphotos.D.ItispickedbyJeffTruesdell.【答案】1.C2.B3.C【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本最好的儿童读物。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据She’SGotThisbyLaurieHemandez中的“TheAmericangymnast'spicturebooktakespagesoutofherownlife:She'sGotThisfollowsZoe,ayounggirl,asshediscoversherloveforgymnastics.It'sacolorfulreminderthatyoumustfalltofly—theperfectmessageforanylittleone-MorganSmith,EditorialAssistant.”可知，这本书讲述了一个名叫佐伊的小女孩对体操的热爱。这本书提醒读者：你必须先落下，然后才能起飞。由此推知，佐伊在练习体操的过程中肯定经历了失败，然后才获得了成功。由此推知，这本书的内容鼓励读者不要放弃。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据WhatDoYouSay,Dear?bySesyleJoslin中的“It'saguidetomanners”可知，这是一本礼仪指南，它对孩子们的举止提供了一些指导。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Thephotographerrepurposessomeofhismostexcellentshotsintoakids"book.Usingphotosfromallovertheglobeandincludingsomeofkids'favoriteanimals,heillustratestheconceptof“opposites”. ”可知，这位摄影师把他一些最精彩的照片改编成一本儿童读物，使用来自世界各地的照片，包括一些孩子们最喜欢的动物，说明了“对立面”的概念。由此可知，这本书的特色是精彩的照片。故选C。BGlennCunninghamandhisbrotherwereinchargeofheatingtheclassroomatschoolbeforetheteachersandotherstudentswouldarrive.Butdisasterstruckonedaywhensomeoneaccidentallypouredgasolineinacontainerandanexplosiontookplace.“Whentheylookedatmylegsthedoctorsthoughttheyshouldamputate(截肢)mylegsbecausetheysaidifIgotaninfectionIwouldnotonlylosemyleg,butalsolosemylife,"heisquotedassayinginthebookAmericanMiler:TheLifeandTimesofGlennCunningham.“EventhoughthedoctorssaidI'dneverwalk,theycouldn'tconvincemebecauseIknewIwasgoingtobeabletowalkagain.”Creamsandmassages(按摩)aidedhisrecoverybutitwasoverayearbeforehecouldwalkagain.“Myfamilywaswonderful,”hesaid.“Ihadlostallthefleshonmyknees.Yetmyfamilykeptchangingthedressingsandmassagingmylegs,thoughtherewaslittlemusclelefttomassage.EvenafterIwasabletostand,holdingontoeitherthebedorachair,aneighborkidsaid,‘Aw,youarenevergonnawalkagain!’ButbythenIknewthatnothingwasgoingtostopme.”Histalentshonethroughearlywhenjustat12yearsofage,hehaddefeatedalltherunnersinhighschool.Duringhissenioryearinhighschool,hecreatedanewstaterecordforthemile:clocking4:28.3inManhattan.Duringthe1930s,hewontwoNationalCollegiateAthleticAssociationtitles.Havingbuiltareputationasoneofthefinestrunnersinhiscountry,Cunninghamwouldgoontocompeteinthe1,500-metereventatthe1932Olympics.Henarrowlymissedoutonamedalashefinishedfourth.CunninghamwasathispeakbythetimehemadehissecondOlympicappearanceatBerlinin1936.Hedidnotdisappoint,settinganewUSrecordattheeventbyclocking3:48.4butfellshortofNewZealand'sJackLovelock.Frombeingalmostcrippled(跛的)asachildtocreatingworldrecordsandgoingontowinamedalattheOlympics,Cunningham'scareerremainsaninspirationforathletes.4.WhatwasCunninghamdoingwhentheaccidenthappened?A.Readingabook.B.Heatingthecontainer.C.Greetingteachersandstudents.D.Warmingtheclassroom. 5.WhatdidthedoctorsthinkofCunningham'ssituation?A.Hewouldlosehislifeifhelosthislegs.B.Hecouldgetaninfectionwhilebeingamputated.C.Hehadtosacrificehislegstosurvive.D.Hehadagreatchanceofbeingabletowalkagain.6.WhatdidCunningham'sfamilydo?A.Theyhelpedhimtorecoverfromthedisaster.B.Theydidn'tallowhimtodosports.C.Theygavehimfull-bodymassages.D.Theyencouragedhimtodevelopmoretalents.7.WhatdidCunninghamaccomplishinhisrunningcareer?A.HegotamedalathisfirstOlympics.B.HewonaplaceathissecondOlympics.C.Hesetarecordinhisfirstyearofhighschool.D.Herepresentedhisschoolinaninternationalrace.【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个受到意外伤害的孩子，勇敢面对灾难，最终重新站立起来的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段，“GlennCunninghamandhisbrotherwereinchargeofheatingtheclassroomatschoolbeforetheteachersandotherstudentswouldarrive.”（GlennCunningham和他的哥哥负责在老师和同学们到来之前给教室加热），可知，当爆炸发生的时候，GlennCunningham正在教室里加热。故选D。5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句，““Whentheylookedatmylegsthedoctorsthoughttheyshouldamputate(截肢)mylegsbecausetheysaidifIgotaninfectionIwouldnotonlylosemyleg,butalsolosemylife,"”（当他们看到我的腿时，医生们认为他们应该把我的腿截肢，因为他们说，如果我被感染，我失去的不仅仅是我的腿，还有我的生命），可知，医生们建议GlennCunningham应该把腿截肢。故选C。 【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段第二句，““Myfamilywaswonderful,”hesaid.“Ihadlostallthefleshonmyknees.Yetmyfamilykeptchangingthedressingsandmassagingmylegs,thoughtherewaslittlemusclelefttomassage.”（“我的家人们很好，”他说，“我已经失去了我膝盖上的肉。然而，我的家人仍然不断给我换衣服，并且给我的腿做按摩，虽然那里没有多少肌肉可以按摩”），可知，GlennCunningham的家人会帮他按摩，帮他从灾难中恢复过来。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第三句，“CunninghamwasathispeakbythetimehemadehissecondOlympicappearanceatBerlinin1936.”（Cunningham在1936年第二次出现在柏林奥运会上的时候，才达到了他的高峰），可知，他是在第二次的奥运会上取得了一席之地。故选B。【点睛】CWehavetomakecertainourlimitedmoneyiswellspent.Butwhatshouldwespendourmoneyon?A20-yearstudyconductedbyDr.Gilovich,aprofessoratCormellUniversity,reachedapowerfulandstraightforwardconclusion:don'tspendyourmoneyonthings.Thetroublewiththingsisthatthehappinesstheyprovidepetersout.Wegetusedtonewpossessions,andwhatonceseemedexcitingquicklybecomesthenorm.Wekeepraisingthebarandalwayslookforanevenbetterone.Possessions,bytheirnature,causecomparisons.Webuyanewcarandarethrilledwithituntilafriendbuysabetterone—andthere'salwayssomeonewithabetterone.Mostofususuallyassumethatthehappinesswegetfrombuyingsomethingwilllastaslongasthethingitself.Itseemsintuitive(直觉的)thatinvestinginsomethingwecansee,hear,andtouchonapermanentbasisdeliversthebestvalue.Butit'snotthecaseatall.Gilovichhasfoundthatexperiencesdelivermore-lastinghappinessthanthings.Experiencesbecomeapartofouridentity.Everyone'sexperienceisunique.Wearenotourpossessions,butwearetheaccumulationofeverythingwe'veseen,thethingswe'vedone,andtheplaceswe'vebeento.“Ourexperiencesareabiggerpartofourselvesthanourmaterialgoods,”saidGilovich.“Youcanreallylikeyourmaterialstuff.Youcaneventhinkthatpartofyouridentityisconnectedtothosethings,buttheyremainseparatefromyou.Incontrast,yourexperiencesreallyarepartofyou.We arethesumtotalofourexperiences.”Besides,wedon'tcompareexperiencesinthesamewaythatwecomparethings.It'shardtoquantifytherelativevalueofanytwoexperiences,whichmakesthemthatmuchmoreenjoyable.Andexpectationofanexperiencecausesexcitementandenjoyment,whileexpectationofobtainingapossessioncausesimpatience.Experiencesareenjoyablefromtheveryfirstmomentsofplanning,allthewaythroughtothememoriesyoukeepforever.Thetemporaryhappinessachievedbybuyingthingscanberegardedas“puddles(水坑)ofpleasure.”Inotherwords,thatkindofhappinessevaporates(蒸发)quicklyandleavesuswantingmore.Thingsmaylastlongerthanexperiences,butthememoriesthatremainarewhatmattermost.8.Theunderlinedphrase“petersout”canbereplacedby_________________.A.diesawayB.istoolittleC.isnotrealD.coststoomuch9.WhatdoesGilovichthinkofexperiences?A.Experiencesdeliverless-lastinghappinessthanthings.B.Experiencescanexistinourmemoryforever.C.Ourexperiencestakeupallpartsofourselves.D.Ourexperiencesarewhatseparateusfromothers.10.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_________________.A.experiencescanbecomparedwitheachotherB.expectinganexperienceincreasesourfeelingofanxietyC.peoplearemorelikelytobeimpatientwhenbuyingthingsD.spiritualwealthisthemostvaluableforus11.Whichisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Howcanwegainhappinesswithmoney?B.Howcanwemakehappinesslastlong?C.Whyshouldwespendmoneyonexperiencesinsteadofthings?D.Whydoexperiencesachievepermanenthappinessthanthings?【答案】8.A9.D10.D11.C【解析】本文是一篇议论文，作者论证说明了一个道理“为什么要把钱花在经历上，而不是事物上”。 【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线短语所在句后一句提到“Wegetusedtonewpossessions,andwhatonceseemedexcitingquicklybecomesthenorm.”（我们习惯了新拥有的东西，曾经令人兴奋的东西很快就变成了常态。），即可推断出新拥有的东西，能够带来的快乐是短暂的，很快就会“消失”，petersout对应的同义词应是“dieaway”，故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段提到“Gilovichhasfoundthatexperiencesdelivermore-lastinghappinessthanthings.Experiencesbecomeapartofouridentity.Everyone'sexperienceisunique.”（吉洛维奇发现，体验比物质更能带来持久的幸福。经历成为我们身份的一部分。每个人的经历都是独一无二的。）可知，吉洛维奇（Gilovich）认为经历是个人身份的象征，个人的经历形成与他人的区别，故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段首句提到“Thetroublewiththingsisthatthehappinesstheyprovidepetersout.”（问题是，事物所带来的快乐会逐渐消失。）及第三段首句提到“Gilovichhasfoundthatexperiencesdelivermore-lastinghappinessthanthings.”（吉洛维奇发现，体验比物质更能带来持久的幸福。）及最后一段最后一句提到“Thingsmaylastlongerthanexperiences,butthememoriesthatremainarewhatmattermost.”（事物可能比经历更持久，但留下的记忆才是最重要的。）可推断出，在作者的观点看来，事物可能留存的时间比经历更久，但是并不能带来长久的幸福，而经历留下的精神财富才是最重要的，故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了事物能够带来的幸福是短暂，经历留下来的精神财富才是最重要的；再根据第一段首句，引出文章主题“Wehavetomakecertainourlimitedmoneyiswellspent.Butwhatshouldwespendourmoneyon?”（我们必须确保有限的钱花得值。但是我们应该把钱花在什么地方呢），所以本文主要想表达的主题是“为什么要把钱花在经历上，而不是事物上”，故选C。DAsthma(哮喘)attackshappenwhenpeopleareallergictosomethingintheair.Whenattackshappen,theairwaysintheirlungstightenandmakeithardtobreathe.Moretroublesome,peopledonotknowwhenanattackwillhappen.Butnow,smartphonescanhelpstopattacks.PropellerHealthisacompanyinWisconsin.Itwantstohelpthosewithbreathingproblemsby usingtechnologyalongwithmedicine.Thecompanyfittedaninhaler(吸入器)withaBluetoothsensor,whichconnectstoasmartphoneapp.Theinhalerisfullofmedicinethat,whenbreathedin,stopsanasthmaattack.Whenthepatientusestheinhaler,thesmartphonerecordswhenandwherethepersonhasanattack.Theappthenstorestherecordsfordoctors.Theappnotonlytellsdoctorsabouttheattackbutalsohelpsthemfigureoutifsomethingishappeningaroundthepatientthatmakestheasthmaworse.ChrisHogg,amanageratPropellerHealth,sayscollectinginformationfromtheinhalerisimportant.TechnologylikeBluetoothsensorsisthefutureofhealthcare.Theywillhelpdoctorstodecidewhattopayattentiontowhentreatingpatients.Smartinhalersarepartofanewdirectioninmedicaltechnologyknownas“connectedhealth”.Fewerthanhalfofasthmapatientstaketheirmedicinecorrectly,saidLineNeuhauser,aprofessorstudyingasthmatreatments.ShesaidthePropellerBluetoothsensortellspeopleiftheyhavetakentheirmedicinecorrectly,whichhelpstopreventattacksandhospitalization.Anotherbenefitofthesensoristhatthecompanycancollectinformationfrommanypeople.Then,theycanseeifcertainareassetofmoreasthmaattacksthanothers.“Whenwehavealotofusersinthesameregion,wecandoalottohelpthem,”Hoggsaid.OneofPropeller'sbiggesttestsoftheirsystemwasinLouisville,Kentuck.Theygave140peopletheBluetoothsensorswithinhalers.Thestudyfoundthatbeingclosetorailroadsorfactorieswasthemaincauseofasthma.Theyalsofoundthatpublicareas,suchasschoolsandchurches,alsowerecausingasthmaattacks.Afterthetest,Propellergavetheinformationtothecity,andthecityismakingrulestocleanuptheair.12.Whatistheseriousproblemfacingpeoplewithasthma?A.Theyhavetostayathome.B.Theymaybeattackedatanytime.C.Theyfindithardtobreatheusually.D.Theydon'tknowwhattheyareallergicto.13.WhatdoweknowabouttheBluetoothsensorfromParagraph2?AItgivespatientstimelytreatment.B.Ittellspatientshowtokeepawayfrompoorenvironments.C.Ithelpspatientscalltheirdoctorswhentheyareattacked.D.Ithelpsofferusefulinformationaboutpatientstodoctors. 14.Propeller'stestismentionedinthelastparagraphto_________________.A.showhowtheBluetoothsensorscanhelpB.showthepopularityoftheBluetoothsensorsC.advisecitiestotakeactiontohandlepollutionD.advisepeoplewithasthmatokeepawayfrompublicareas15.What'sthebesttitleofthetext?A.Technologyhelpspeoplewithasthma.B.HowtouseBluetoothsensors.C.Asthmahasbecomeabigdanger.D.Howtodealwithasthma.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.A【解析】这是一篇说明文，介绍了PropellerHealth公司发明了一款带有吸入器的蓝牙传感器给哮喘病人带来了福音。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Moretroublesome,peopledonotknowwhenanattackwillhappen.(更麻烦的是，人们不知道哮喘什么时候会发生。)”可知，随时可能发作是哮喘患者面临的严重问题。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theappnotonlytellsdoctorsabouttheattackbutalsohelpsthemfigureoutifsomethingishappeningaroundthepatientthatmakestheasthmaworse.ChrisHogg,amanageratPropellerHealth,sayscollectinginformationfromtheinhalerisimportant.(这款应用不仅会告诉医生哮喘发作的情况，还能帮助他们判断患者周围是否发生了什么事情，导致哮喘恶化。PropellerHealth的经理ChrisHogg说，从蓝牙吸入器收集信息很重要)”可知，这款带有吸入器的蓝牙传感器有助于向医生提供关于病人的有用信息。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thestudyfoundthatbeingclosetorailroadsorfactorieswasthemaincauseofasthma.Theyalsofoundthatpublicareas,suchasschoolsandchurches,alsowerecausingasthmaattacks.Afterthetest,Propellergavetheinformationtothecity,andthecityismakingrulestocleanuptheair.(研究发现，靠近铁路或工厂是哮喘的主要原因。他们还发现，公共场所，如学校和教堂，也会引起哮喘发作。测试结束后，Propeller将信息告知了该市，该市正在制定清洁空气的规定。)可推知，最后一段提到Propeller 测试的目的建议政府采取措施治理污染，因为污染会引发哮喘。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段最后一句“Butnow,smartphonescanhelpstopattacks.(但现在，智能手机可以帮助阻止哮喘病发作。)”和第二段“Itwantstohelpthosewithbreathingproblemsbyusingtechnologyalongwithmedicine.(它希望通过使用技术和药物来帮助那些有呼吸问题的人。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是科技帮助哮喘患者。结合选项可知，选项A.Technologyhelpspeoplewithasthma.(科技帮助哮喘患者。)切题。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Twosummersago,Ihaddecidedtobeginaweightlossjourneybuthadnoideawheretostart.Twoyearslater,IhaveyetagaindecidedtostartbeinghealthyandIneedsomeknowledgeonwhattodo.Now,Iwanttoshareitwithallofyou.ThemostimportantthingthatIhavecometorealizeisthatyouhavetoseethisasalifestylechange,notjustadietthatcanendorfail.___16___Youwillalsofeellesspressureifyoueataburgeronceinawhilesinceyouthinkyouhaven'tfailedadietandthatyoucanalwaysgotwiceashardthenextday.___17___Caloriesinversuscaloriesout(热量输入对热量输出)ifyouputitinsimpleterms.Ifyouwanttoloseweight,youmustbeeatinginawaythatyournetgainofcaloriesattheendofthedayisnegative.___18___Itisbettertoeathealthyfoodwithmorecaloriesthanalow-calpackofchips.Caloriecountingcanalsobecomeabitunhealthyifnotwellcontrolled.SoIrecommendjusteatingwellandcontrollingtheamountsoffoodinstead.Exerciseisalsovitaltoahealthierlife.Althoughcardio(有氧运动)isknownforitsquickresult,weightsarealsoessential.Themoremuscleyouhave,themorecaloriesyouburn.Therefore,peoplewithmoremusclemassareabletobumwhattheyeatquickerresultinginagreatercaloriereduction.___19___.EveryonehasadifferentbodyandwhatIeatmayactuallybebadforyourweightloss.___20___Itmaytaketimetofindwhatyourbodycanhandleandneeds,butdonotquit.Goodluckandhappyeating. A.However,caloriesarenoteverything.B.Moreover,weightlossisessentiallyjustmath.C.Dietscanhelpyoulosesomeweighttemporarily.D.Itisalsojustbeneficialinlifetobephysicallystrong!E.Ifyoudon't,itislikelythattheweightwillcomebackon.F.Somytiphereistoeatwhatmakesyoupersonallyfeelgood.G.Therefore,itisveryimportanttocalculateandcontrolcaloriesaccurately.【答案】16.E17.B18.A19.D20.F【解析】本文是一篇说明文，作者通过自己的亲身经历，为需要减肥的人士，总结了几条行之有效的方法。【16题详解】上文“ThemostimportantthingthatIhavecometorealizeisthatyouhavetoseethisasalifestylechange,notjustadietthatcanendorfail.(我意识到的最重要的事情是，你必须把这看作是一种生活方式的改变，而不仅仅是一种可以结束或失败的饮食。)”；说明减肥是一种生活习惯，E选项中，Ifyoudon't(seethisasalifestylechange)与上文一致，说明减肥需要坚持，如果不坚持就会反弹，故选E。【17题详解】设空处为段落主题句，根据下文内容“Caloriesinversuscaloriesoutifyouputitinsimpleterms.Ifyouwanttoloseweight,youmustbeeatinginawaythatyournetgainofcaloriesattheendofthedayisnegative.(摄入的卡路里和消耗的卡路里如果你用简单的话来说。如果你想减肥，你的饮食方式必须使你在一天结束时净增加的卡路里是负的。)”，概括来说就是“减肥是一个数学问题”，必须保证每天减少的卡路里多于增加的；“essentiallyjustmath”与“negative.”相对应，故选B。【18题详解】设空处为段落主题句，根据下文内容“Itisbettertoeathealthyfoodwithmorecaloriesthanalow-calpackofchips.Caloriecountingcanalsobecomeabitunhealthyifnotwellcontrolled…(吃健康的食物比吃低热量的薯片要好。如果控制不好，计算卡路里也会变得有点不健康。所以我建议只要吃得好，控制食量就可以了。)”概括来说，吃健康的食物也非常重要，不健康的食物，也会导致卡路里有偏差；也与第二段首句“Moreover,weightlossisessentiallyjust math.”形成转折对比，说明“卡路里并不是一切”，故选A。【19题详解】上文“Themoremuscleyouhave,themorecaloriesyouburn.Therefore,peoplewithmoremusclemassareabletobumwhattheyeatquickerresultinginagreatercaloriereduction.(肌肉越多，燃烧的卡路里越多。因此，拥有更多肌肉的人能够更快地燃烧他们吃的东西，从而减少更多的卡路里。)”说明了更多的肌肉有助于更好地减脂，D项中的also是关键词，与上文是递进关系，it指代“Themoremuscle”，说明身体强壮在生活中也是有益的，故选D。【20题详解】上文“EveryonehasadifferentbodyandwhatIeatmayactuallybebadforyourweightloss.(每个人的身体情况都不一样，“我”吃的东西对于你减重来说可能是不好的)”说明个人的身体情况不一致，减肥需要摄入的事物也是不一致的，与设空处形成因果关系，“所以‘我’的建议是吃让你个人感觉良好的食物。”符合此处语境，故选F。第三部分：语言知识运用第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ThebestwayIcanthinkoftodescribethissituation:Wefinallyhavetimetostopandsmellthedandelions(蒲公英).Technicallydandelionsareweeds,sotheydon'toften___21___inanykindofdecorations.WhenIpassdandelionsinmylawn,myreactiontypicallyistonot___22___thematall,orthinkwereallyneedto___23___theweeds.Butforthepastcoupleofdays,mykidshavebeen___24___bytheselittleyellowweeds.Theyhavefilledmypocketswiththem,andwehaveevensmelledthem.Wecanbebotheredbytheweedand___25___bytheweeding.Butwearestillgivingitour___26___andlookingatitforaglimmerof(一丝)good.Whilebeforewemayhavebeentoo___27___tosmellthedandelion,now,withthespreadofCOVID-19,weareforcedtostayathomeand___28___andappreciateit.Infact,I've___29___agreatdealaboutdandelionsinthepastseveraldays.Likethattheyareoneofthefirstfoodsourcesforbeesinthespring,andare_____30_____toeat,evennutritious.Theselittleweedsareamazingly_____31_____,butIhad_____32_____stoppedtothinkaboutitbefore.I'm_____33_____thedayswhenwecan_____34_____ourfriendsandfamilyagain,and honestlyevenahandshakewithastrangersoundsnice.Ican’twaitforatimewhenwecangooutsidewithout_____35_____andsendourhealtheareworkersoutintotheworldsafely.Yet,rightnowwehavethetimetosmelltheweed.It'saforced_____36_____toconsiderallthethingswecouldorshouldhavebeendoingallalong_____37_____rushingofftothenextbigimportantthing.AsIdigadandelionoutofmypocketandletoutasneeze(喷嚏),Irealizethisisn'tfun,buttherearepocketsof_____38_____.Dandelionsdon’tsmelllikerosesbuttheyare_____39_____whenyoureallylookatthemandimportantwhenyoureallythinkaboutthem.Whenthisisallover,IhopeIwillstill_____40_____tostopandsmelltheweeds.21.A.takeoffB.runoutC.showupD.comeback22.A.replaceB.missC.hurtD.notice23.A.getridofB.makeupforC.standupforD.takeadvantageof24.A.confusedB.attractedC.frightenedD.surprised25.A.excitedB.impressedC.inspiredD.exhausted26.A.timeB.moneyC.powerD.knowledge27.A.lazyB.rushedC.proudD.focused28.A.calmdownB.giveupC.catchupD.slowdown29.A.learnedB.talkedC.provedD.experienced30.A.dangerousB.easyC.possibleD.safe31.A.strongB.usefulC.cleanD.natural32.A.justB.alsoC.neverD.once33.A.fightingforB.lookingforC.studyingforD.longingfor 34.A.helpB.thankC.hugD.accept35.A.fearB.apologyC.reasonD.hope36.A.stopB.decisionC.excuseD.cancellation37.A.becauseofB.exceptforC.asforD.insteadof38.A.successB.pleasureC.honorD.benefit39.A.freshB.ordinaryC.appealingD.peaceful40.A.pretendB.affordC.rememberD.promise【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.D26.A27.B28.D29.A30.D31.B32.C33.D34.C35.A36.A37.D38.B39.C40.C【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。由于COVID-19的传播，我们被迫待在家里，有了时间欣赏蒲公英，并学到了很多关于蒲公英的知识。作者由此意识到，我们应该慢下来，去欣赏一些平时被我们忽略的东西，去做一些我们平时应该做的事情。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：严格来说，蒲公英是杂草，所以它们不经常出现在任何一种装饰中。A.takeoff起飞；B.runout用完，用光；C.showup出现，露面；D.comeback回来，恢复原状。根据“dandelionsareweeds”可知，蒲公英是杂草，所以人们通常不会用它来做装饰物，它们不经常“出现”在任何一种装饰中。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我在草坪上经过蒲公英时，我的反应通常是根本不去注意它们，或者认为我们真的需要除掉这些杂草。A.replace取代；B.miss思念，错过；C.hurt伤害；D.notice注意到。结合下面一句开头的but可知，通常作者不会“注意到”蒲公英。但是，过去的几天里，孩子们的举动让作者注意到了它。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我在草坪上经过蒲公英时，我的反应通常是根本不去注意它们，或者认为我们真的需要除掉这些杂草。A.getridof摆脱，除掉；B.makeupfor弥补；C.standupfor支持，拥护；D.takeadvantageof利用。结合“dandelionsareweeds ”可知，蒲公英是杂草，所以，人们往往认为要“除掉”它们。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在过去的几天里，我的孩子们被这些黄色的小杂草吸引住了。A.confused使困惑；B.attracted吸引；C.frightened使害怕，吓唬；D.surprised使惊讶。根据“Theyhavefilledmypocketswiththem”可知，孩子们被蒲公英“吸引”，所以摘下来装满了口袋。故选B。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们会被杂草烦扰，被除草弄得精疲力竭。A.excited兴奋的；B.impressed印象深刻的；C.inspired受到鼓舞的；D.exhausted筋疲力尽的。根据常识可知，杂草使人烦恼，除草让人“筋疲力尽”。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我们仍在花时间观察它，寻找一丝美好的东西。A.time时间；B.money钱；C.power力量，能力；D.knowledge知识。根据“lookingatitforaglimmerof(一丝)good”可知，观看蒲公英是需要花“时间”的。故选A。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：以前，我们可能会因为太过匆忙而没有闻到蒲公英的味道，而现在，随着COVID-19的传播，我们被迫待在家里，放慢脚步，欣赏它。A.lazy懒惰的；B.rushed匆忙的；C.proud骄傲的；D.focused专心的。根据“withthespreadofCOVID-19,weareforcedtostayathomeand_____andappreciateit”可知，由于COVID-19的传播，我们被迫待在家里，有了时间欣赏蒲公英。由此可知，在此之前，我们的生活太“匆忙”，以至于没有时间闻蒲公英的味道。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：以前，我们可能会因为太过匆忙而没有闻到蒲公英的味道，而现在，随着COVID-19的传播，我们被迫待在家里，放慢脚步，欣赏它。A.calmdown平静下来，镇定下来；B.giveup放弃；C.catchup赶上；D.slowdown慢下来。因为COVID-19的传播，人们被迫待在家里，这样，人们的生活节奏就慢了下来。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，在过去的几天里，我学到了很多关于蒲公英的知识。A.learned学习；B.talked谈话；C.proved证明；D.experienced经历，体验。根据like后面的“thattheyareoneofthefirstfoodsourcesforbeesinthespring,andare____toeat,even nutritious”可知，like后面都是作者“学到”的关于蒲公英的知识，比如，它们是蜜蜂在春天的第一食物来源之一等等。故选A。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：比如，它们是蜜蜂在春天的第一食物来源之一，可以安全食用，甚至有营养。A.dangerous危险的；B.easy容易的；C.possible可能的；D.safe安全的。根据后面的“evennutritious”可知，蒲公英食用起来甚至非常有营养。even是对前文的递进，由此可知，该空应该是对蒲公英持肯定态度，认为它食用“安全”，甚至有营养。故选D。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些小杂草非常有用，但我从来没有停下来想过这一点。A.strong强壮的；B.useful有用的；C.clean干净的；D.natural自然的。根据前面的“theyareoneofthefirstfoodsourcesforbeesinthespring,andare_____toeat,evennutritious”可知，蒲公英非常“有用”，可以食用，甚至非常有营养。故选B。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这些小杂草非常有用，但我从来没有停下来想过这一点。A.just只是；B.also也，而且；C.never从未；D.once一次，曾经。根据but转折可知，蒲公英有用，但是作者以前“从未”停下来想过这一点。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我渴望有一天，我们可以再次拥抱我们的朋友和家人，说实话，即使是和陌生人握手听起来也很好。A.fightingfor为……斗争；B.lookingfor等待；C.studyingfor为……学习；D.longingfor渴望……。根据第三段中的“withthespreadofCOVID-19,weareforcedtostayathome”可知，由于COVID-19，作者被迫待在家里，不能出门，所以作者非常“渴望”可以再次和朋友、家人相聚。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我渴望有一天，我们可以再次拥抱我们的朋友和家人，说实话，即使是和陌生人握手听起来也很好。A.help帮助；B.thank感谢；C.hug拥抱；D.accept接受。由于COVID-19，作者不能出门。结合空后的“evenahandshakewithastrangersoundsnice”可知，由此推知，作者渴望和朋友家人再次相聚，“拥抱”他们，哪怕是和陌生人握握手也好。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我迫不及待地想要看到我们可以走出家门，不用害怕。A.fear 害怕；B.apology道歉；C.reason原因；D.hope希望。COVID-19让人们心存恐惧，不敢出门。作者渴望病毒消失，人们可以不用害怕地走出家门。故选A。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它迫使我们停下来思考所有我们可以或应该做的事情，而不是匆忙地去做下一件重要的事情。A.stop停止；B.decision决定；C.excuse借口；D.cancellation取消。COVID-19迫使人们待在家里，“停下来”去思考自己可以或者应该做的事情。故选A。【37题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：它迫使我们停下来思考所有我们可以或应该做的事情，而不是匆忙地去做下一件重要的事情。A.becauseof因为；B.exceptfor除了；C.asfor至于，关于；D.insteadof代替，而不是。COVID-19迫使人们停下来思考自己可以或应该做的事情，“而不是”匆忙地去做下一件重要的事情。故选D。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我从口袋里掏出一朵蒲公英，打了个喷嚏时，我意识到这并不有趣，但有一些快乐。A.success成功；B.pleasure快乐；C.honor荣誉；D.benefit益处，好处。根据but转折可知，虽然蒲公英使人打喷嚏这一点并不有趣，但是这也给人们带来一些“快乐”。故选B。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：蒲公英闻起来不像玫瑰，但当你真正看着它们的时候，它们很吸引人，当你真正思考它们的时候，它们很重要。A.fresh新鲜的；B.ordinary普通的；C.appealing有吸引力的；D.peaceful和平的。根据“Dandelionsdon’tsmelllikeroses”可知，蒲公英的味道不像玫瑰那样吸引人，但是当你真正看着它们的时候，它们很“吸引”人。故选C。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这一切结束的时候，我希望我还会记得停下来闻闻杂草的味道。A.pretend假装；B.afford负担的起；C.remember记住，记起；D.promise承诺。COVID-19迫使人们待在家里，给人们提供了停下来欣赏蒲公英的时间和机会。作者希望当这场灾难结束的时候，人们仍然会记得放慢脚步，停下来去欣赏蒲公英，闻一闻它的味道。故选C。第Ⅱ卷（非选择题满分50分） 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Inthepasteightyears,Chinahasachieveditsgoalofpovertyreduction________41________plannedandnearly100millionpeoplehavebeenliftedoutofpoverty,accordingtoXiJinpinggeneralsecretaryoftheCommunistPartyofChinaCentralCommittee.Sincethe18thNationalCongressoftheCPC,theParty________42________(take)lotsofinnovativeandcreativemeasurestoreducepovertyandhaslaunchedawar________43________povertyofthelargesteverscaleinmankind'shistory.Inpovertyreductionwork,Chinahasadjustedthestandardforabsolutepovertyseveraltimestokeep________44________inlinewiththecountry'ssocialand________45________(economy)development.TheCPChasputthepeoplefirstandmadeeffortstohelpthose________46________areinpoverty-strickenarealead________47________happylife.Witheightyearsofcontinuousefforts,allruralpeople,________48________(base)onthecurrentcriteriainChina,havebeenliftedoutofpoverty.Allremainingcountieshavebeenremovedfromthecountry'spovertylist,andabsolutepovertyandoverallregionalpovertyhavebeeneliminated(消除),Xisaid,________49________(add)thatthisisaremarkablevictorythathasgreatlyimpressedtheworld.Thegreatvictoryhasboostedthepeople'sfeelingofgain,happinessand________50________(safe).【答案】41.as42.hastaken43.against/on44.it45.economic46.who47.a48.based49.adding50.safety【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国的“扶贫攻坚”战略。【41题详解】考查连词。句意：中国共产党中央委员会总书记习近平表示，在过去的8年里，中国已经实现了计划中的减贫目标，近1亿人摆脱了贫困。分析句意和句子结构可知，空处需用连词 as，引导方式状语，其后省略了itwas，此处表示按照计划。故填as。【42题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：党的十八大以来，我们党采取了许多创新和创造性的措施来减少贫困，发动了人类历史上最大规模的反贫困“战争”。根据时间状语“Sincethe18thNationalCongressoftheCPC”可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态：have/hasdone，主语是单数theParty，所以此处助动词需用has。故填hastaken。【43题详解】考查介词。句意同上。此处表示消灭贫困的“战争”，需用介词against/on，launchawaragainst/onsth.表示对……的长期战争。故填against/on。【44题详解】考查代词。句意：在扶贫工作中，中国多次调整绝对贫困标准，使之与国家社会经济发展相适应。分析句子结构可知，此处需用代词it指代前文的名词standard作宾语。故填it。【45题详解】考查形容词。句意同上。空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词development，economy的形容词为economic“经济的”。故填economic。【46题详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国共产党把人民放在第一位，努力帮助贫困地区的人们过上幸福生活。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是those指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词who引导定语从句。故填who。【47题详解】考查冠词。句意同上。leadahappylife过上幸福的生活，固定搭配。故填a。48题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经过8年的不懈努力，按照中国现行标准，所有农村人口全部脱贫。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词havebeenlifted，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词，动词base与主语之间表示被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词based作状语。故填based。【49题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：习近平说，剩下的所有县都被从国家贫困名单上除名，绝对贫困和区域整体贫困都被消除，这是一个了不起的胜利，给世界留下了深刻的印象。本句已有谓语动词said，且空处没有连词，所以空处动词add需用非谓语动词作状语，动词add与主语Xi 之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词adding作伴随状语。故填adding。【50题详解】考查名词。句意：这场伟大的胜利增强了人民的得利感、幸福感和安全感。根据空前“gain,happinessand…”可知，此处并列连词and连接几个并列的名词作介词of的宾语，safe的名词为safety“安全”。故填safety。第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌中间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。InthemorningofSeptember29,2018,from10:00to11:00,allthestudentsinourschooltookapartinaSunshineSportsProgrammer.TheMinistryofEducationdemandsthatstudentsexercisedforanhoureverydaysoastohaveastrongbodyandenjoyingthewholelife.Inmyopinion,itisagoodideaforweseniorhighschoolstudentstotakeexerciseeveryday.Now,everyonewaseagerforhealth,thatisconsideredasakeyfactorforsuccess.Becausewespendanhouradayonexercise,itiswellworthit.Notonlytakingexercisebuildupourbodies,butitalsohelpsusconcentrateonourstudy.Therefore,wecanworkmoreefficientlyintheprocessofstudyandacquiremuchknowledge.【答案】1in→on2.删除a3.exercised→exercise4.enjoying→enjoy5.we→us6.was→is7.that→which8.Because→Although/Though/While9.Notonly后加does10.much→more【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。作者介绍了学校和教育部门所设置的体育活动的参与情况，表明自己对体育运动的看法，说明了体育运动对学生身体健康和学习的益处。【详解】1.考查介词。句意：在2018年9月29日上午10点至11点，我校全体学生参加了阳光体育项目。表示具体某日（上午、下午和晚上）用on ，在本句中，有具体日期，故应将in改成on。2.考查固定搭配。句意：在2018年9月29日上午10点至11点，我校全体学生参加了阳光体育项目。takeapartin意为在……中扮演角色。与句意不符，而takepartin意为参加；参与。后常跟活动。根据句意，此处应为参加阳光体育项目，故将a删除。3.考查时态。句意：教育部要求学生每天锻炼一小时，以强健的身体来享受生活。根据主句中主语“TheMinistryofEducationdemandsthat”可知，此处为一般现在时，主句和从句在时态上应保持一致，所以that从句中的动词也应该用一般现在时。故将exercised改为exercise。4.考查时态。句意：教育部要求学生每天锻炼一小时，以强健的身体来享受生活。根据时态一致性，and后面动词和and之前的动词一样的形式。本句中and前的动词为一般现在时，所以enjoy也用一般现在时，故将enjoying改为enjoy。5.考查人称代词。句意：在我看来，对于我们高中生来说，每天锻炼是一个好主意。一般来说，人称代词在句子中作主语，用主格；作宾语或介词补足成分，用宾格，在本句中，人称代词作介词for的宾语，所以应该用宾格。故将we改为us。6.考查时态。句意：如今，每个人都渴望健康，这被认为是成功的关键因素。根据时间状语Now可知，句子的时态应为现在时，根据下半句“thatisconsideredasakeyfactorforsuccess.”可以推测出此处应该用一般现在时，故将was改成is。7.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：如今，每个人都渴望健康，这被认为是成功的关键因素。根据分析，后半句为非限制性定语从句，去掉后句意未发生改变，而that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故将that改为which。8.考查连词。句意：虽然我们每天花一小时做运动，这但是这是很值得的。根据句意可知，这里是表转折关系，所以应该用表示转折关系的连接词。而because强调直接造成某种结果的理由和原因，Although/Though/While意为转折关系，故将Because改为Although/Though/While。9.考查倒装结构。句意：锻炼不仅能增强我们的身体，而且还能帮助我们集中精力学习。notonly放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装，部分倒装就是要将助动词或情态动词放到主语前，倒装句结构Notonlydo/does/did+主语+谓语动词的原形(+其它成分)but+从句(正常语序)，本句主语是takingexercise，所以这里应该用does做助动词，故在Notonly后加助动词does。10.考查比较级。因此，我们的学习更有效率，从而获得更多的知识。根据句意，可知这里是比较级，将现在所获得的知识与以前获得的相比较，应该用much的比较级，故将much 改为more。第二节：书面表达（满分25分）52.假定你是李华，在美国某高中做交换生，对你所租借的小区物业管理有些不满，请你用英语给物业经理写一封意见信，内容包括：1.车辆停放较乱；2.垃圾没有及时清理；3.你的建议。【答案】DearSirorMadam,I’maresidentoftheneighborhoodandI’mwritingtoraisesomeproblemsFirstly,thereislimitedparkingspaceforsomanycars.Asaresult,somecarsparkeverywhereandevenintheway,bringingmuchinconveniencetous.Secondly,thedustbinsarenotclearedintime.Astemperaturegoesup,therubbishnotonlygivesoffaterriblesmellbutalsopollutesourenvironment.Thus,Isuggestyoumakestandardparkingspaceandhavethecarownersfollowtherules.Besides,cleanersshouldbeorderedtoworkaccordingtothetimetablethatyoumake.Ihopeyoucanhelpushaveanicelivingenvironment.Thankyouforyourtime.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求李华给小区物业写封邮件，反馈小区车乱停乱放、垃圾未及时清理的问题，并提出整改建议。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.说明车辆停放较乱的情况；2.说明垃圾没有及时清理的情况；3.给出你的建议。第二步:列提纲（重点词组）raisesomeproblems;bringmuchinconveniencetous;goup;giveoff;notonly…butalso;be orderedto第三步：连词成句1.I’maresidentoftheneighborhoodandI’mwritingtoraisesomeproblems.2.Firstly,thereislimitedparkingspaceforsomanycars.3.Asaresult,somecarsparkeverywhereandevenintheway,bringingmuchinconveniencetous.4.Astemperaturegoesup,therubbishnotonlygivesoffaterriblesmellbutalsopollutesourenvironment.5.Thus,Isuggestyoumakestandardparkingspaceandhavethecarownersfollowtherules.Besides,cleanersshouldbeorderedtoworkaccordingtothetimetablethatyoumake.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：Firstly,Secondly2.表并列补充关系：Besides3.表转折对比关系(供参考)：However,Onthecontrary4.表因果关系：Thus,Asaresult连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，【点睛】[高分句型1]Asaresult,somecarsparkeverywhereandevenintheway,bringingmuchinconveniencetous.（是用来现在分词作状语）[高分句型2]Astemperaturegoesup,therubbishnotonlygivesoffaterriblesmellbutalsopollutesourenvironment.（使用了as引导的时间状语从句）[高分句型3]Ihopeyoucanhelpushaveanicelivingenvironment.（使用了省略了that的宾语从句）