【学海导航】2022版高考英语一轮总复习 Module5 Unit2 The environment同步训练 新人教版

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Ⅰ.单项填空(7min.)1.Theresultisnotveryimportanttous,butifwedowin,thensomuch______.A.thebestB.bestC.betterD.thebetter2.Thedoctorthoughtthatrecentpressureatworkmight______hisstrangeaction.A.accountforB.lookforC.standforD.setfor3.ItisnowpossibletoimagineafutureforIraq______heplaysonlyalimitedpoliticalrole.A.whichB.thatC.forwhichD.inwhich4.______gostraightontouniversitywhynotgetsomeworkexperiencefirst?A.AsforB.OtherthanC.RatherthanD.Insteadof5.—______ifitrainstomorrow?—We'lljusthavetoputitoff.A.HowB.WhyC.WhenD.What6.Sorry,I'mlate.Thecar______downonmywayhere.A.wasbreakingB.hasbrokenC.hadbrokenD.broke7.Youcantake______halfofthecake,they'reexactlythesame.A.bothB.eitherC.anyD.each8.Theheadmasterrecommendedthatwe______toschoolontimefortheafternoonEnglishreading.A.hadcomeB.wouldcomeC.comeD.came9.Idon'tliketheway______heoftenusestospeaktome.A.inwhichB.howC.whichD.what10.—Comeon,Kitty.—Oh,goodheavens！Bothmylegsarenearlytogiveout.I______forhourslikeadog.A.hadwalkedB.havewalkedC.amwalkingD.havebeenwalking11\n11.Whoeverwantstogohikingthisweekend，raiseyourhands,______？A.doyouB.don'tyouC.willyouD.willthey12.Thewomanusedastickto______herboyfromthebigdog.A.guardB.protectC.stopD.prevent13.Istheschool______theforeignersvisitedyesterdaylarge?A.thatB.whereC.theoneD.what14.—Whatareyougoingtodonext?—Towriteasciencestoryaboutouterspace______bytheScienceandTechnologyPress.A.publishedB.beingpublishedC.tobepublishedD.publishing15.______madeherstepmotherveryangry.A.Cinderella'smarryingtheprinceB.CinderellawasmarriedtotheprinceC.CinderellamarriedtheprinceD.CinderellatobemarriedtheprinceⅡ.完形填空(18min.)A(2022·长郡月考五)Itookupskydivinginmytwenties.Atthetimetheaccidenthappened,I'ddonejust30jumps.TheairfieldwasquietwhenI__1__.OnboardwereChris,whowastakingatourist,andAnts,thecameraman.ChrisindicatedIshouldexitfirstandtheotherthreewould__2__.LaterIknewitwasthis__3__thatsavedmylife.At12，000feetChrisrolledupthedoorandnoddedthatitwastimeformyexit.Iputmyfootonastepjustbesidethedoor,andinaninstantthepropellerblast(螺旋桨气流)threwmeagainstthesideoftheplane,halfin,halfout.Ipushedandgotmyotherlegoutofthedoor,butindoingsoIfoundmyself__4__thebodyoftheplanetowardsthetail.Myparachute(降落伞)gotcaughtandmy__5__andlegswerepushedbackwards,powerless,inthestrongwind.Iwasstrangely__6__.Toaskydiver,beingat12,000feetisagoodthing.Altitudeisyourfriend;beingclosetothegroundisdeadlyandwillkillyou.Antsappearedandmovedslowlytowardsme,hislegsheldbyChrisinthedoor.Antsreachedoutandgotholdofmyfoot.Withtheweightpartlyoff,Ifoundmyselffallingawayfromtheplane,__7__freed.IwavedandsmiledtoindicateIwasfine.Itwasactuallyvery__8__.Ifanyoneofanumberoffactorshadbeendifferent,Iwouldhave__9__.Icouldhavehittheplanewithmyhead.IfIhadbeenthelasttoexit,thepilotalonewouldhavebeenunabletofreeme,andevenifhehadbeenawarethatIwas__10__underneaththeplane,hewouldstillhavehadtolandatsomepoint.11\nBlueSkies,BlackDeathistheskydivers'mantra(咒语).Ontheonehand,there'sthefreedomand__11__oftheopensky.Butinorderto__12__thisjoy,youmustacceptthatthereisusuallyonlyoneresultifsomethinggoeswrong.1.A.jumpedB.arrivedC.wokeD.drove2.A.followB.escapeC.leaveD.fly3.A.troubleB.effortC.chanceD.decision4.A.slidingdownB.knockingoverC.crashingintoD.breakingdown5.A.bodyB.armsC.headD.fingers6.A.frightenedB.anxiousC.excitedD.calm7.A.reallyB.hopefullyC.certainlyD.finally8.A.funnyB.ordinaryC.clearD.serious9.A.diedB.laughedC.stoppedD.returned10.A.coveredB.adjustedC.attachedD.connected11.A.prideB.confidenceC.excitementD.willingness12.A.observeB.experienceC.imagineD.discoverBManyChinesebelieveeatingpigbrainswillincreasetheirintelligenceandsomeAmericansregularlyeatuncookedeggstokeeptheirmindssharp.1.______，doctorsdon'trecommendtoeat2.______raweggsoranimalbrains.Then,whatfoodisgood3.______yourbrain?Scientistshavefound4.______relationship5.______dietandahealthybrain.Generallyspeaking,fishisabrainfood.Besidesfish,youshouldintroducelotsofdarkgreenleafyvegetablesandcolorfulfruitsintoyourdiet6.______mostpeoplelackthespecialvitamins7.______thesebrainfoodprovide.Ifyoueatbrainfoodsregularly,theycanincreasebrainpower—helpyoupayattention,keepyoumotivated,improveyourmemory8.______lessenstressfromstudies.Thenyoucandomuchbetterinyourtest.Ⅲ.阅读理解(8min.)Whenanantdies,otherantsmovethedeadinsectoutofthenest.Sometimes,thedeadantgetsmovedawayverysoon—withinanhourofdying.Thisbehaviorisinterestingtoscientists,whowonderhowantsknowforsure—andsosoon—thatanotherantisdead.Onescientistrecentlycameupwithawaytoexplainthisantbehavior.Dong11\nHwanChoeisabiologist.ChoefoundthatArgentineantshaveachemicalontheoutsideoftheirbodiesthatsignalstootherants,“I'mdead—takemeaway.”Butthere'satwisttoChoe'sdiscovery.Choesaysthatthelivingants—notjustthedeadones—havethisdeathchemical.Inotherwords,whileanantcrawlsaround,perhapsinapicnicorhome,it'stellingotherantsthatit'sdead.Whatkeepsantsfromdraggingawaythelivingants?ChoefoundthatArgentineantshavetwoadditionalchemicalsontheirbodies,andthesetellnearbyantssomethinglike,“Wait—I'mnotdeadyet.”SoChoe'sresearchturneduptwosetsofchemicalsignalsinants:onesays,“I'mdead.”theothersetsays,“Wait—I'mnotdeadyet.”Otherscientistshavetriedtofigureouthowantsknowwhenanotherantisdead.Ifanantisknockedunconscious,forexample,otherantsleaveitaloneuntilitwakesup.Thatmeansantsknowthatunmovingantscanstillbealive.Manyscientiststhinktheremustbeachemicalonadeadant'sbody.ChoesuspectsthatwhenanArgentineantdies,thechemicalthatsays“Wait—I'mnotdeadyet”quicklygoesaway.Oncethatchemicalisgone,onlytheonethatsays“I'mdead”isleft.Whenotherantsdetectthe“dead”chemicalwithoutthe“notdeadyet”chemical,theydragawaythebody.UnderstandingthisbehaviormayhelpscientistsfigureouthowtostopArgentineantsfrominvadingnewplacesandcausingproblems.ChoewouldliketofindawaytousethenewlydiscoveredchemicalstospreadantkillertoArgentineantnests.Theants'removalbehaviorisimportanttotheoverallhealthofthenest.“Beingabletoquicklyremovedeadindividualsandotherpossiblesourcesofdiseaseisextremelyimportanttoallanimalslivinginsocieties,includingus，”saysChoe.“Thinkaboutalltheeffortandmoneythatweinvestdailyinwastemanagement.”1.Theunderlinedword“twist”inParagraph3means______.A.anunexpectedchangeB.aclearmistakeC.animportantkeyD.ashockingconclusion2.Antsjudgewhetheranotheroneisdeadornotdependingon______.A.thesenseoftasteB.thesenseoftouchC.thesenseofsmellD.thesenseofsight3.Theresultoftheresearchcanbeusedto______.A.killtroublesomepestsB.solvetheproblemofendangeredspeciesC.preventinvasivespeciesinadvanceD.keepthebalanceofnature4.Whyisitimportanttoremovedeadindividuals?A.Becauseitiseasiertomanagetheliving.B.Becauseitcansavemoneytodealwiththewaste.11\nC.Becauseitcanprovidemorespacefortheliving.D.Becauseitcankeepthelivingfromsufferingdisease.5.Whatmightbethebesttitleofthetext?A.Deadorliving?ItiseasytojudgeB.PullingawaythedeadantsisadifficulttaskC.AntnestshavegreatundertakingcapacityD.Leavingitaloneortakingitaway?AntsfeelpuzzledⅣ.写作(25min.)(原创)生活中，我们总是有这样或那样的负担。怎样才能甩掉这些负担，轻松前进……请就此写一篇英语短文。主要内容包括：(1)这些负担有什么影响；(2)用什么来对付这些负担；(3)具体怎样做。注意：(1)词数不少于120；(2)不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________v．ing形式　　　　　　　　　　　　　1.Onelearnsalanguagebymakingmistakesand______them.(2022·北京)A.correctsB.correctC.tocorrectD.correcting2.______animportantdecisionmoreonemotionthanonreason,youwillregretitsoonerorlater.(2022·江苏)A.BasedB.BasingC.BaseD.tobase3.WhenPeterspeaksinpublic,healwayshastrouble______therightthingstosay.(2022·上海)A.thinkingofB.tothinkofC.thoughtofD.thinkof4.Bigcompaniesusuallyhavealotofbranchoffices______indifferentpartsoftheworld.(2022·上海春季)A.tohaveoperatedB.beoperatedC.operatingD.havingoperated5.Thelecture,______at7：00pmlastnight,wasfollowedbyanobservationofthemoonwithtelescopes.(2022·湖南)A.startingB.beingstarted11\nC.tostartD.tobestarted6.______inalongqueue,wewaitedforthestoretoopentobuyaNewiPad.(2022·陕西)A.StandingB.TostandC.StoodD.Stand7.Johnhasreallygotthejobbecauseheshowedmetheofficialletter______himit.(2022·江西)A.offeredB.offeringC.toofferD.tobeoffered8.Ilookedupandnoticedasnake______itswayupthetreetocatchitsbreakfast.(2022·四川)A.towindB.windC.windingD.wound9.Whenitcomesto________English,ourgoalisnotthebasics.Weleavethebasicstootherschools.A.teachB.teachingC.havingtaughtD.taught10.Itisworth________thatmanyHongKongpeoplearequitecapableoftellingputonghuafromguangdonghua.A.notedB.tonoteC.beingnotedD.noting11.Everyonemayhavebeenbulliedthemselvesormayhavewitnessedit________atschool.A.happenedB.tohappenC.beinghappenedD.happening12.Givingsupportisanarmyofyoungpeople________tokeeptheirfriendssafe.A.workB.workingC.workedD.towork13.JKRowlingcriedwhenshefinished________thelastbook,HarryPotterandtheDeathlyHallows.A.writeB.writingC.towriteD.written14.________herfirst20yearsinChinaandhernext20yearsintheUS,shemaybeoneofthebestpeopleinherfield.A.HavingspentB.SpendingC.TospendD.Beingspent15.Thisschoolishometomorethan1，000studentsfrom56countries,________themcrossculturalexperience.A.offeringB.offeredC.beingofferedD.havingoffered16.Wesolvedtheproblembyreducingourcostsand________moremoney.A.borrowedB.borrowingC.wouldborrowD.hadborrowed11\n17.—________doyouthinkofyourEnglishteacher?—Oh,heisan________man.A.What;interestingB.What;interestedC.How;interestingD.How;interested18.Theyinsisted________acarovertofetchus.A.tosendB.sendingC.onsendingD.insending19.________isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.A.WalkB.WalkingC.ThewalkD.Towalk20.Alex,whohasbeenherefortwoyears,enjoys________alotoffriendsfromdiversecountries.A.haveB.hadC.tohaveD.having21.However,________abroadisnotallsmoothsailing.A.studyB.studiedC.studyingD.beingstudied22.Before________toBeijing,KimwasashygirlandworriedgreatlyabouthernotsoperfectChinese.A.comingB.cameC.havingcomeD.come23.Withthecostofeducation________，thisgapwillbecomelargerandlarger.A.increasedB.increaseC.increasingD.toincrease24.Hefeelsabitstupidandstartstoquestioneverythinghedoesandgivesup________homework.A.doingB.doC.todoD.done25.Don'tforgetaboutencouragementand________appreciationwhenyourchildmakesprogress.A.toshowB.showingC.showD.shown26.Teachingchildrenhowtodealwithmoneygoesalongway________themforlife.A.ofpreparingB.toprepareC.preparingD.inpreparing27.Thestoryofa13yearoldboy________moneyforthetreatmentofhismotherbypolishingshoestouchedmanypeople'shearts.A.raisingB.toraiseC.raisedD.raise28.Thesurvey________25，000studentsreflectsthetruestateofmindon11\ncollegecampusestoday.A.coveredB.havingcoveredC.coveringD.havingbeencovered29.HeandhisdaughterscelebratedasweetFathers'Day,________avisittoarevolutionarysite.A.payingB.havingpaidC.topayD.paid30.Heconsiders________anidealwaytopracticenumbersinChinese.A.tofindB.findingC.tobefoundD.foundUnit2Ⅰ.1.B　句意：虽然结果对我们来说不太重要，但如果真赢了，那就更好了。somuchbetter就更好了。2.A　考查动词短语。根据语境可知选accountfor(解释，导致)。3.D　考查定语从句。根据前面的先行词可知此处表示地点，用inwhich，相当于where。4.C　考查固定搭配。根据句意可知此处表示“而不是”之意，所以选ratherthan。asfor和insteadof搭配不对；otherthan除了。5.D　whatif为固定用法，意为“如果……怎么办”。6.D　考查动词的时态。从前面的I'mlate可知，“我的车在来时的路上抛锚”的动作发生在“过去”，因此，时态应该用一般过去时。7.B　考查代词。语意：你可以拿蛋糕的任意半块，它们是一样的。据此可知用either表示“两者中的任意一个”，所以选B项。8.C　考查虚拟语气的用法。在此，recommend表“建议，劝告”，其后的宾语从句的谓语用“should＋动词原形”，且should可以省略。9.C　考查定语从句。which引导定语从句，修饰先行词way，而且which在从句中作uses的宾语。10.D　考查时态。从Comeon，Kitty可知，两个人从过去到现在一直在走，所以用现在完成进行时。11.C　考查祈使句的反意疑问句。祈使句的反意疑问部分要用“willyou？”。12.B　考查动词短语。protectsb.fromsth.意为“保护某人免受伤害”，而stop/preventsb.fromdoingsth.意为“阻止某人做某事”。故选B项。“阻止某人做某事”有3种表达：stop/preventsb.(from)doingsth.，其中from可省；而keepsb.fromdoingsth.中的from不能省。protectsb.fromsth.“保护某人免受伤害”。13.A　考查定语从句。本句可改成陈述句：Theschoolthat/whichtheforeignersvisitedyesterdayislarge.故此处选that，引导定语从句。14.C　考查非谓语动词。从by短语可知该空格处应为被动结构，“所写(科学)故事将被发表”，故用动词不定式的被动形式。15.A　考查动名词的复合结构。marrysb.娶(嫁)某人。这里是“名词所有格＋动名词”的复合结构在句中作主语。Ⅱ.A：本文作者记叙了自己的一次差点儿出了事故的跳伞经历。也许是因为没注意，作者的伞被卡住，气流把他吹向飞机的尾部，幸好上面还有除飞行员之外的其他人救了他，使作者脱离飞机，慢慢飞向地面。作者在总结时谈到，一步走错，就有可能丧命。1.B　本句提到机场，下一句说到登机，可见是作者arrived“到达”机场。2.A　一共是4个人高空跳伞。根据Ishouldexitfirst可知是其余3个人follow“接着跳”。escape“逃跑”。3.D　根据上文的indicated获得信息。事后才知道这个decision“决定”救了“我”一命。trouble“麻烦”；effort“努力”；chance“机会”。11\n4.A　作者另一只腿出来后，降落伞卡住了，但由于气流太强，作者slidingdown“沿着飞机机身朝机尾滑去”。knockover“撞击”；crashinto“撞碎”；breakdown“崩溃”。5.B　与后面的legs相对应。6.D　作者一点都不慌，后面陈述了理由。calm“冷静的”符合题意。frightened“恐惧的”；anxious“紧张的”；excited“兴奋的”。7.D　至此，作者得救了。下文中有作者挥手致意的描述。finally有历尽千辛万苦最后达到结果之意。其他几个选项没有这个意义。really“真正地”；hopefully“有希望地”；certainly“肯定地”。8.D　从此句起，作者就开始了大量的议论，进行了一系列的假设，说明当时的情况是非常严重，只要一步走错，他就没命了。serious“严重的”符合题意。funny“好笑的”；ordinary“正常的”；clear“清楚的”。9.A　见上一题的解析。laugh“笑”；stop“停止”；return“返回”。10.C　如果作者是最后一个出飞机的，当然飞机上就只剩下飞行员了。他一个人是不可能解救作者的。即使他知道“我”attached“附”在飞机之下，最后还是不得不找个地方降落。cover“覆盖”；adjust“调整”；connect“连接”。11.C　根据下文的joy可知答案。excitement“兴奋，刺激”；pride“骄傲，自豪”；confidence“信心”；willingness“愿意，意愿”。12.B　但要experience“经历”这种快乐，就必须了解一出错，结果通常就只有一种。observe“观察”；imagine“想象”；discover“发现”。B：1.However　2.either　3.for　4.a　5.between6.because　7.that　8.andⅢ.1.A　根据上下文逻辑，Choe的发现出人意料：活蚂蚁身上也有该信息。2．C　由deathchemical可知应是气味。3．C　由倒数第二段第一句可知。4．D　由最后一段可知。5．A　文章大意是蚂蚁们如何判断一只蚂蚁是死或活。Ⅳ.Onepossibleversion：Weallknowthefeelingofwalkingthroughlifeasifwearecarryingthehugeburdenofourworriesandstressesonourbacksandshoulders.Nomatterhowsmartweare,howcapableweare,orhowhardwework,noonecancopewithalltheworriesaloneinthecourseofourlives.Thereisnorealwaytomovefreelyinsuchasituation,andwearealllongingtolayourburdensdown.Thehumanimaginationisapowerfultool,andwecanuseittotakejourneystofarawayplaceswithoutleavingourhome.Becauseofthis,wetoocanlayourburdensdownatthefeetofamountain.Tobeginwith,sitwithyoureyesclosedandseeyourselfcarryingalargebox,imaginingthatallyourworriesareinsideit.Watchasyoumakeyourwaytoamountain,andlayyourbagdownatitsfeet.Feelthelightnessandreliefofthisactionandexpressyourgratitude.Youwillbeamazedbyhowthiscanliberateyoufromaburdenyouwerenevermeanttocarry.v．ing形式1.D　句意：人学习语言是通过犯错误并更正错误实现的。填空部分是由and连接的，与makingmistakes一起作介词by的宾语，其形式应与making一致。2.B　句意：在做重大决定的时候，你若将其以情感为基础，而不是以合理推断为基础的话，你迟早会后悔的。base与you之间为主谓关系，用现在分词作状语。3.A　固定句型havedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth.做……方面有困难。4.C　考查非谓语动词的用法。此处解题关键：have…doingsth.。5.A　句意：报告于昨晚7点开始，报告之后便是用望远镜观察月球。start在此用作不及物动词，瞬间动词的现在分词作定语表完成意义或将来意义：现在分词的被动式(答案B)作定语只能表示正在进行的动作或和谓语动词同时进行的行为；不定式作定语表将来或含情态意义。11\n6.A　句意：我们排长队，等着商店开门，购买新上市的iPad。standing表示与谓语动作同时进行。7.B　offering在此作定语，修饰theofficialletter，letter与offer为主动关系。8.C　此处windingitsway作宾语补足语，表示主动进行。9.B　句意：谈到教英语，我们的目标不是打基础。我们把基础教学留给别的学校。这是一个固定句型whenitcomestosth.,句型中的to是一个介词。10.D　句意：值得指出的是，许多香港人能很好地区分普通话和广东话。固定结构beworthdoingsth.主动表示被动。11.D　句意：人人都可能自己受到过侮辱或在学校见到过侮辱的场景。此处动词的ing形式作宾语补足语，尽管与宾语构成被动关系，但是happen是不及物动词。12.B　句意：给予支持是年轻人努力保证朋友的安全的一种武器。实际上working用作介词of的宾语，youngpeople是其逻辑主语。13.B　此题是固定用法，finish后只能接动词的ing形式作宾语。14.A　句意：头20年在中国，后20年在美国，她也许是其领域最佳的人选之一。完成式表示其动作发生在主句动作之前。15.A　句意：这所学校接纳了来自56个国家的一千多名学生，给他们提供跨文化的体验。此处分词作状语，用在主句之后，表示目的。16.B　此题容易误选A，认为borrowedmoremoney与solvedtheproblem为并列谓语。其实，根据上下文的语境，应选B，即borrowingmoremoney与reducingthecosts并列。句意为“我们靠减少费用和多借钱的办法解决了问题”。17.A　此题很容易误选D，认为第一空应填how，表示“如何”；第二空应填interested，因为有的书上说ing形容词主要说明事物，ed形容词主要说明人。18.C　很多同学想当然地认为insist后接动词时要用动名词，从而误选B。其实动词insist后既不能接不定式也不能接动名词，因为insist通常用作不及物动词；若语义上需接宾语，要借助介词on或upon，即用于insiston(upon)(doing)sth.；有时它也用作及物动词，但其宾语通常只能是that从句，而不能是普通的名词、代词或动名词。19.B　用作名词的walk表示“散步”，是可数名词，指的是一次一次的具体的散步，而不表示抽象意义或泛指意义的“散步”，要表示此意，须用动名词walking。20.D　句意：Alex来这儿两年了，享受着交上了许多不同国家的朋友的快乐。这是一个习惯用法，enjoy后只能接动词的ing形式。21.C　句意；然而，在国外学习并不是一帆风顺的。此处studying作主语。22.A　句意：来北京之前，金是一个害羞的女孩，非常担心自己不那么流利的汉语。当从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be的某种形式时，从句的主语和be可以一起省略。23.C　句意：随着教育成本的增加，这种差距将越来越大。此处increasing作宾语补足语，与宾语比较是主动的。24.A　句意：他觉得自己有点蠢，开始怀疑自己所做的一切，连家庭作业也不做了。此处giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事，是固定结构。25.B　句意：当孩子取得进步时，别忘了去鼓励和欣赏。空格处所填的词不是与forget平行，而是与encouragement平行，作介词about的宾语。26.D　句意：教会孩子们怎样用钱能让他们终生受益。名词way意为“方式，方法”时，后常接不定式或ofdoingsth.；意为“道路”时，后常接介词to再接宾语。此题中表示“在……方面”。27.A　句意：一个13岁的小男孩擦皮鞋筹款为母亲治病的故事感动了许多人。此处raising作定语，修饰前面的名词boy，构成主动关系。28.C　句意：这个报告走访了两万五千名大学生，真实地反映了当前大学校园的心理状态。报告是主动地采访大学生，分词的完成式不作定语。29.A　句意：他和女儿度过了一个甜美的父亲节，参观了一个革命圣地。此处paying表示“方式”。该动作不是发生在主句动作celebrated之前或之后。因此要用一般式。30.B　句意：他考虑找到一种理想的练习汉语数字的方法。动词consider意为“考虑”时，后面只能接动词的ing形式作宾语。11\n11