浙江鸭2022版高考英语大二轮复习专题一阅读理解提升练6

阅读理解提升练(六)A(2022·浙江宁波诺丁汉大学附属中学高三下学期期中)Inthefirstdaysofthenewyear,aphotofromRio’straditionalfireworksshowonCopacabanaBeachhasspreadlikewildfireonBraziliansocialnetworks—ashotofalittleboy,alone,wadingintothewater,separatedfromthejoyfulcrowdcelebratingandtakingpicturesbehindhim.Armscrossed,hestaresupwide-eyedandopen-mouthedatthefireworksinthesky.Despitetheabsenceofanyinformationaboutthechildotherthanhisage9,theimageLucasLandaushotforReutersnewsagencyhassparkedtensofthousandsofsharesandcommentsonsocialmedia,newspaperarticles,blogpostsandanationaldebateaboutrace,classandinequality.Tosome,it’sjustaphotoofayoungblackboyattractedbythespectacularNewYear’sEvefireworks.Peopleneedtostopthinkingthatallblackboys,withoutshirtson,areabandoned,sad,aloneandunhappy.Toothers,theimageisemblematicofBrazil’ssevereinequality.AbouthalfofBrazil’spopulationof200millionidentifyasmixed-race/black,secondonlytoNigeria.Butblackandmixed-racedBraziliansareminorinacademia,politicsandleadershiproles.Lessthan10percentofBrazil’sCongressisblack,andjust18percentofleadershiprolesareheldbyAfro-Brazilians.ForLuizAugustoCampos,asociologistatRioStateUniversity,thewide-ranginginterpretationsofthephoto,aswellastheexplosivedebateitgenerated,representsachangingtideforAfro-Brazilians.“Thefactthatit’sbecomesoproblematicisareflectionofacomplextransitionintermsofraceinBrazil,”hesaid,addingthat20or30yearsago,thephotowouldhavestirredfewornoconcernsaboutwhetheritstrengthenednegativestereotypes(刻板印象).“ThesechangesarestillrelativelysmallinBrazil,buttheyhavethelong-termobjectiveofdissociatingtheideasofblacknessandpoverty,”Campossaid.1.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Theboy’sageismentionedinthenews.B.Thedebatetheimagecausesworsensthesevereinequality.C.Afro-Braziliansaremistreatedbecausetheyareintheminority.D.Theboyinthephotohasbeenabandonedandneedsurgenthelp.2.Whichwordcanbeusedtoreplacetheunderlinedword“emblematic”?　　　　　　　　　A.Problematic.B.Representative.C.Objective.D.Significant.4\n3.Whatproblemdoesthephotoreflectaccordingtothispassage?A.TheracialinequalityinBrazil.B.ThesocialstatusoftheAfro-Brazilians.C.TheAfro-Brazilians’fightingforrights.D.ThestereotypetoassociateorlinkblacknesswithpovertyinBrazil.BIndianowleadstheworldinsmartphonegrowth.Itsawa55%increaseinthenumberofsmartphonesin2022.ThenumberofWebusersincreasedby37%.Smartphoneswerethesourceof65%ofitsInternettrafficand41%ofitse-commerce,accordingtoareportbytheanalystMaryMeeker,titled“InternetTrends2022”.India’sInternetboomhasstarted.Withinthreetofouryears,almosteveryadultinIndiawillownasmartphone.Theywillbeusedtoordergoods,readnews,monitorcropgrowthandsoon.IndianadultswillbeveryinterestedinthesedevicesjustasyoungAmericansare.87%ofAmericansbetweentheagesof18and34whoownsmartphonessaytheyneverseparatefromthese:“Mysmartphoneneverleavesmyside.”Fouroutoffivesaythatthefirstthingtheydoonwakingistoreachfortheirsmartphones.Andthreefifthsbelievethatinthenextfiveyearseverythingwillbedoneonmobiledevices.Inthebusinessworld,theriseofmobileplatformsisdramaticallytransformingmanyindustriesallovertheworld.WhatIndiansoftwaredevelopershavetodoisstartthinkingaboutsolutionstooldproblemsbyusingallthefeaturesofthesenewdevices.Theyneedtotakeadvantageoftheuniquepropertiesofsmartphonesandtablets.AsIndiansoftwaredevelopersandenterprisesmasterthesmartphone,theywillbeabletoexporttheirsolutionstotherestoftheworld.ThiswillmakepossibleanewtechrevolutionthatisgreaterthanwhatcreatedIndia’sITindustryinthe1980sand1990s.WecanexpecttherapidtransformationofIndiawhenabillionpeoplebecomeconnectedandhaveequalaccesstoinformationandservices.4.LoadsofnumbersareusedinParagraph1toshow　　　. A.India’ssmartphonesincreasemostrapidlyintheworldB.IndiahasthemostadvancedITindustryintheworldC.IndiawillbeasuperpowerprettysoonD.Indiawillexportnewsmartphonestotherestoftheworld5.WhatwillmostyoungAmericansdofirstthemomenttheywakeup?A.Readnews.B.Shoponline.C.Gettheirsmartphones.D.Checke-mails.6.Whichcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.Morepeople,moresmartphonesB.Nodream,everyIndianownsasmartphoneC.Athand,India’snexttechrevolutionD.Asmallsmartphone,abiguseCWhenevertheword“hero”comestome,IimmediatelythinkofthreeHs:honourable,hard-working,andhappy.WhenIthinkmoreaboutthisword,Ipicturesomeonewhohasaccomplishedgoodthingsforpeopleandtriestodotherightthing.HattieElizabethAlexanderisonepersonwhomIfindtobeveryheroic.4\nHattiewasborninBaltimore,MarylandonApril5,1901.DuringhertimeatCollegesheearnedherBachelor’sDegreeinBacteriologyandPhysiology.Thesewerejustthefirststepstowardswhatshewasfinallygoingtoberememberedfor.AftercollegeHattieattendedtheJohnsHopkinsSchoolofMedicineandreceivedhermedicaldegree.Afterhereducation,shepursuedhercareer,andaftermuchtimeandhardwork,shedrasticallyreducedthenumberofinfants(幼儿)dyingfrommeningitis(脑膜炎).Hattiewasverydedicatedtoherworkandhelpedasmanylocationsasshecould.Spendingsubstantial(大量的)timeinthelabouratory,Hattiesuccessfullydevelopedacureagainstthedisease,whichdecreasedthedeathrateto20percent.Atthesametime,shewasalsoateacherworkingwithColumbiaUniversity.Shewasacaringladyinterestedinotherpeople’slives.WhenshewasteachingatColumbiaUniversity,othermemberswouldtalktoheraboutstudentsthatwerefailingtheirclasses,andsomehowHattiecouldalwaysfindconvincingreasonsastowhytheyshouldnotbedrivenaway.Later,HattiebecameaninstructorinPediatricsatNewYorkCity’sBabiesHospital.Aftermanyhonours,shebecamethefirstwomanpresidentoftheAmericanPediatricSocietyin1965.Thiswasherlastmajorachievement,forsoonafter,HattiediedofcanceronJune24,1968.Hattieismyherobecauseherpositiveattitudeandstrengthhelpedheraccomplishgreatthingsforothers.Shegavethemherstrengthbydevelopingmedicinesagainstdiseases,which,bydoingso,madethemstronger.ThisiswhatmakesHattieElizabethAlexandermyhero.7.Accordingtothepassage,HattieElizabethAlexander　　　. A.receivedherBachelor’sDegreeinJohnsHopkinsSchoolB.spentallhertimeinthelabouratorydevelopingcuresforillnessesC.caredalotaboutothers’privatelivesD.alwaystriedherbesttohelppreventstudentsfromdroppingoutofcollege8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“drastically”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Slightly.　　　　　　　B.Hardly.C.Greatly.D.Totally.9.Hattieisconsideredtobeaherobytheauthorinthat　　　. A.shewasanhonourable,hard-workingandhappypersonB.shewasaverydedicatedwomandoctorwithmanyhonoursC.shewasacaringladywhohelpedmanystudentsfinishcollegeD.shewasthefirstwomanpresidentofAPS10.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostpropertitleforthetext?A.AnhonourablewomanB.AwomanaccomplishinggreatthingsC.Myhero—HattieElizabethAlexanderD.ThefirstwomanpresidentoftheAPS4\n阅读理解提升练(六)A【语篇导读】在新年的最初几天,来自里约热内卢传统烟花展上的一个小男孩的照片在巴西社交媒体上迅速传播,并引发了热议。这种热议从某个角度上反映了巴西种族问题的积极转变。1.A　推理判断题。根据文章第二段第一句中的“theabsenceofanyinformationaboutthechildotherthanhisage9”可知,除了他9岁以外,没有任何关于这个孩子的信息。A项符合题意。2.B　词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中的“Tosome,it’sjustaphotoof...emblematicofBrazil’sacuteinequality.”可知,对一些人来说,这只是一张照片,但对另一些人来说,这张照片反映出了社会的不平等现象,他们认为这张照片代表了巴西的不平等。representative意为“有代表性的”。problematic意为“有问题的”,objective意为“客观的”,significant意为“有意义的”。3.D　推理判断题。根据文章第四段最后一句和最后一段中的“buttheyhavethelong-termobjectiveofdissociatingtheideasofblacknessandpoverty”可知,这件事反映了巴西人在种族方面的复杂转变,在二三十年前,这张照片几乎不会引起多少人的担忧,也没有人担心它是否强化了负面的刻板印象。现在人们有一个长期的目标,那就是把黑肤色和贫穷为一体的观念分离开。D项意为“在巴西,将黑肤色和贫穷联系在一起的刻板印象”,故选D项。B【语篇导读】近年来,印度智能手机联接互联网发展迅猛,可以预见,它的下一次技术革命即将到来。4.A　推理判断题。由第一段第一句“Indianowleadstheworldinsmartphonegrowth.”可知,这些数字是为了表明印度智能手机的快速发展。5.C　细节理解题。由第三段的“Fouroutoffivesaythatthefirstthingtheydoonwakingistoreachfortheirsmartphones.”可以看出:五分之四的美国年轻人醒来第一件事就是拿手机,由此可知答案。6.C　主旨大意题。C项含有概括全文的关键词:India,athand(双关:在手边&即将到来),techrevolution。C【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“我”心目中的英雄——HattieElizabethAlexander。7.D　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Whenshewasteaching...werefailingtheirclasses...couldalwaysfindconvincingreasonsastowhytheyshouldnotbedrivenaway.”可知,HattieElizabethAlexander总是尽最大努力防止学生退学。故选D项。8.C　词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句可知,应该是大大减少了死于脑膜炎的幼儿的数量。可知C项符合题意。9.A　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句及最后一段的内容可知,作者之所以认为她是名英雄是因为她是一个受人尊敬、勤奋和幸福的人。故选A项。10.C　主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句和最后一段第一句可知C项“Myhero—HattieElizabethAlexander”为最佳标题。4