山东省淄博市周村区萌水中学中考英语常用动词习惯用法复习鲁教版

常用动词习惯用法allowsbtodosth允许某人去做某事（后接动词不定式）Myfatherallowedmetogooutforawalkafterfinishingmyhomework.askedsb(not)todosth叫某人做事某事（叫某人不要去做某事）Myfatheraskedmetostudyhard.Heaskedmenottoswimalone.beaskedtodosth被叫去做某事/被邀请去做某事Iwasaskedtohaveadinnerwiththemyesterday.beafraidtodosth害怕做某事Sheisafraidtoaskmequestions.beafaidofdoingsth害怕做某事Iamafraidofgoingoutatnight.beafaidofsth害怕某物Heisafraidofsnakes.beamazedtodosth对做某事感到惊讶Hewasamazedtomeetthegirlthere.beamazedatsth对某事感到惊讶theywereamazedatthenews.bebusydoing/withsth忙于做某事（常考）e.g:Iwasbusywashingmycaratthattime.那时候我正忙于清洗我的车子。Iambusywithmywork.becoming/going/leaving/fiying/moving/dying（某些位移动词用进行时态时表将来）thebusiscoming/thedogisdying.beexcitedtodosth对做……感到兴奋Jackywasexcitedtotraveltherebyplane.beexcitedatsthLilywasexcitedathiswords.beexcitedaboutdoingsthhewasexcitedaboutpassingtheexamwithoutgoingoveringbooks.befrightenedtodosth害怕去做某事Samisfrightenedtorideahorse.beglad/happytodosth高兴去做某事sheishappytocleantheblackboardwithme.bepleasedtodosth高兴做某事shewaspleasedtohelptheoldmanyesterday.bepleasedwithsth对某事感到高兴/满意theteacherwaspleasedwithmyanswer.beinterestedinsth/doingsth对某事感兴趣/对做某事感兴趣sheisinterestedinswimmingintheriver.MybtotherisinterestedinChinese.13.be/getreadyfor/todosthBereadyforsth为某事做好了准备Wearereadyfortheexam.8\nBereadytodosth为做某事做好了准备Wearereadytohaveabirthdaypartyforher.getreadyforsth为某事在做准备Wearegettingreadyfortheexam.getreadyforsth为做某事而做准备besorrytodosth对做某事感到抱歉besurprisedtodosth对做某事感到惊奇besurprisedatsth对某事感到惊奇beworthdoingsth值得做某事（worth后接动词-ing形式，常考）开始去做某事begintodosthbegin/starttodo/doingsthcan/beabletoafford(tobuy)sth有能力购买（供）……can/may/mustdosthcould/would/should/mightdosthcan’twaittodosth迫不急待地去做某事decidetodosth决定去做某事makeupone’smindtodosth下决心去做某事（常考）makeadecisiontodosth对做某事作出决定deservetodosth值得/应该做……encouragesbtodosth鼓励某人去做某事enjoydoingsth乐意去做某事expect(sb)todosth期望去做某事failtodosth做某事失败succeeddoingsth成功做了某事finishdoingsth做完某事（后接动词-ing形式）（常考）followsbtodosth跟随某人去做某事让某人做某事（后接动词原形）getsbtodosthmakesbdosthletsbdosthget/haveachancetodosth得到一个做某事的机会give/pass/show/lend/sellsbsth/sthtosbbuy/get/bringsbsth/sthforsbgoontodosth继续做事（常考）goondoingsth继续做事（常考）hatetodo/doingsth讨厌/不喜欢做某事havefundoingsthhaveproblemsdoingsth做某事遇到困难让某人做某事（后接动词原形）havesbdosthhavesthdonehavesthtodo工有事要做hearsbdosth听到某人做某事（后接动词原形，常考）hearsbdoingsth听到某人正在做某事（常见）helptodosth帮忙做某事helpsb(to)dosth帮助某人做某事hope/wishtodosth希望做某事8\nwishsbtodosth希望某人做某事Itseemsthat这像是……（后接从句）seemtodosthseem+adjIt’s+adj+(forsb)todosth.It’s+adj+(ofsb)todosthe.g:It’sgladforhimtohearthenews.Ittakessbsometime/moneytodosth.花费某人多长时间做某事（常考）pay…for…costspend…on…..ittake…todosthIt’sbestforsbtodosth.对某人来说做某事是最好的hadbetterdosth最好做某事（注意had没有时态和人称的变化，better后接动词原形）It’stimeforsbtodosth是某人做某事的时候了keep(on)doingsth坚持做某事（常考）keepsbdoingsth让某人做某事（常考）keepsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事（常考）keepsb/sth+adjkeepthebookfor2days借这本书两天（不要用borrow或lend）learntodosth学做某事learnsthfromsb向某人学习liketodo/doingsth喜欢做某事likesbtodosth喜欢某人做某事needtodosth需要做某事needdoingsth/tobedoneneedsthneedn’tdosthprefertodosthratherthandosth宁愿……而不愿……（常考）preferdoingsthtodoingsth喜欢做……胜过做……e.g:Ipreferreadingbookstogoingshopping.比起购物来，我更爱读书。prefertodosth喜欢（爱）做某事refusetodosth拒绝做……（常考）remember/forgettodosth记得/忘记做某事remember/forgetdoingsth记得/忘记做过某事seesbdosth看见某人做某事（结果）seesbdoingsth看见某人正在做某事（正在进行中）beseentodosth做某事被看见somethingtoeat/drink一些吃/喝的东西（词不定式放在something等后修饰这些词）e.g:Ineedsomethingtoeat.我要一些吃的东西。spendsometime(in)doingsth/onsth花费时间做某事（注意动词要用ing形式）（常考）spendsomemoneyonsth/doingsth买……花了多少钱Sthishard/difficult/easytodo.做好某事很难/容易stoptodosth停下来去某事（两件事）（常考）stopdoingsth停止做某事（一件事）（常考）stopsb(from)doingsth阻止某人做某事（常考）taketurnstodosth轮流做……tellsb(not)todosth叫某人去（不要）做某事8\nbetoldtodosth被告知不要做某事Thereisnoneed(forsb)todosth对某人来说没必要做某事Thereisnotime(forsb)todosthhavenotimetodosth没时间做某事too…(forsb)to…太……以致不能……so…that…not…enoughtodoe.g:Theboyistooyoungtogotoschool.那男孩太小了以致不能上学。try/doone’sbesttodosth尽力去做某事trytodosth试着（图）做某事usedtodosth过去常做某事(usedtobe+adj/a+n)e.g:Mrwangusedtobeateacherworker.王先生过去是一位工人。Iusedtoliveinthecountry.过去我住在农村。want/wouldliketodosth想做……want/wouldlikesbtodosth想某人做……feellikedoingsth喜爱做某事（注意like后接动词ing形式）warnsb(not)todosth警告某人做某事（或不要做某事）为什么不……（表建议的句型，注意用动词原形）Whydon’tyoudosth?Whynotdosth?表示建议的句型还有：WhatHowabout……?（如果是动词，要用ing形式）Shallwe……?Wouldyoulike(sb)todosth?Yes,I’dloveto.Wouldyouminddoingsth?你介意做某事吗？Nevermind/Notatall/ofcoursenot/certainlynot.（从不介意/一点也不介意/当然不会了）Wouldyouplease(not)dosth你可不可以不做……？finishdoingsthenjoydoingsthpractisedoingsthbegoodatdoingsthbegoodatdoingsththankyoufordoingsthstopdoingsthbegoodatdoingsthgiveupdoingsthminddoingsthstopsbfromdoingsthgoondoingsthbebusydoingsthsee/hear/watchsbdoingsthfeellikedoingsthhatedoingsthlikedoingsthdowellindoingsthbeafraidofdoingsthbeinterestedindoingsthmakeacontributiontosth/doingsth非延续性动词(终止性动词)1.buy---have(has)had2.borrow---have(has)kept3.leave---have(has)beenaway4.go---have(has)beenaway/in…5.come---have(has)here/in…6.die---have(has)beendead7.join---have(has)beenamemberof/in…8.begin---have(has)on8.stop---have(has)beenoverexample:他的狗死了3天了.:Hisdoghasbeendeadforthreedays.Itisthreedayssincehisdogdied.Hisdogdiedthreedaysago.感官动词:(主动语态不带to)1.hear/see/watchsbdosth或2.hear/see/watchsbdoingsthWeoftenhearhimsingthesong.Isawhimswimmingintheriverjustnow.被动语态带to:Heisoftenheardtosingthesong.役使动词:(主动语态不带to)make/letsbdosth.Hisfatheroftenmakeshimdothisandthat.被动语态带to:8\nHeisoftenmadetodothisandthatbyhisfather.延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn,work,stand,lie,know,walk,keep,have,wait,watch,sing,read,sleep,live,stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间,for2years;since从句,sincehecamehere;since+时间点名词,sincelastyear,since5daysago;howlong;foralongtime等。例:Hehaslivedherefor6years.Youcankeepthebookfor5days.Istayedtherefor2weekslastyear.Howlongdidyoustaytherelastyear?二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。如:open,die,close,begin,finish,come,go,move,borrow,lend,buy等。非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：twoyearsago;at5o'clock;例:Hedied5yearsago.否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。例:Ihaven'tleftherefor3years.Ihaven'theardfromhimfor3weeks.三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：leave---beaway,borrow---keep,buy---have,begin/start---beon,die---bedead,finish---beover,join---bein+组织机构,beamemberof+组织机构,opensth---keepsthopen,fallill---beill,getup---beup,catchacold---haveacold,comehere---behere,gothere---bethere,become---be,comeback---beback,fallasleep---beasleep,getto/arrive/reach---be(in),leave---beawayfrom,gettoknow---know,go(get)out→beout，puton→wear；catchacold→haveacold等。例:Theoldmandied4yearsago.----Theoldmanhasbeendeadfor4years.----Itis4yearssincetheoldmandied.----Fouryearshaspassedsincetheoldmandied.HejoinedtheParty2yearsago.-----HehasbeeninthePartyfor2years.Iboughtthebook5daysago.----Ihavehadthebookfor5days.补充练习：Whenhearrivedatthebusstop,thebus________for20minutes.A.hasleftB.hadleftC.hasbeenawayD.hadbeenaway2.I______theLeaguefor5yearssofar.A.joinedB.havejoinedC.havebeeninThefactory________sincetheFebruaryof1988.A.hasbeenopenB.hasopenedC.wasopenD.openedMaryandRose_______friendssincetheymetin2000.A.havemadeB.havebeenC.madeD.havebecome5.Youmustn't________untilhecomesback.A.beawayB.leaveC.beleft6.Themeeting_______foraweeknow.A.hasfinishedB.hasendedC.hasbeenover7.MissGao______thisschoolfornearly5years.A.hasbeeninB.hascometoC.hastaught8.Ben______ateacherfor4years.A.hasbeenB.hasbecomeC.wasD.became8\n9.I______homeforaweek.A.havereturnedB.havebeenbackC.returned10.Howlong_______he________?A.diedB.has,diedC.has,beendead11.He______ateightyesterdayafternoon.A.sleptB.wassleepingC.hassleepD.hadslept12.He________thecarforaweek.A.boughtB.hasboughtC.hashad13.-----Howlong_____you_____ill?-----Twoweeks.A.didfallB.have,fellC.have,been14.Since2000,he_____hishometown.A.hasleftB.hasmovedawayC.hasbeenawayfrom15.I'lllendyouthebook,butyoucanonly_____itfor2days.A.borrowB.keepC.take16.Thebus______ontheroadfor2hourssofar.A.hasstoppedB.stoppedC.hasbeen17.Areyou_____thejacketthesedays?A.wearingB.puttingonC.dressingD.on18.He________foe2hours.A.gotupB.hasgotupC.hasbeenup19.Tomisillinhospital.He_______acoldforseveraldays.A.isB.catchesC.hascaughtD.hashad20.-----HowlongcanI______thebook?------Twoweeks.A.borrowB.lendC.getD.keepKey:1---5DCABB;6---10CAABC;11---15BCCCB;16---20CACDD宾语从句专项练习Ⅰ.选择正确答案完成下列宾语从句。(D)1.Thechildrensaidtheythemselvesverymuch.A.if,enjoyB.why,enjoyedC.what,enjoyD.that,enjoyed(C)2.Idon’tthinkIouttheproblem.A.if,canworkB.how,willworkC.that,canworkD.when,willwork(A)3.Sheisafraid担心hecoldatnight.beafraidthat…担心……beafraidof……害怕……catchcold感冒haveacold感冒（一种状态）A.that,willcatchB.that,catchesC.whether,willcatchD.if,catches(B)4.Wearesure(肯定的)hetospeakFrench（法语）well.Sure/certain肯定的。besure/certainthat……I’msure(certain)thathewillcometonight.A.that,learnedB.that,haslearnedC.if,learnedD.if,haslearned(C)5.TheboyaskedIanynoise(噪音)fromoutside.Whether……(ornot)是否whether=if.A.when,heardB.why,hadheardC.whether(=if),hadheard(hear听见)D.what,heard8\n(D)6.Whocantellusaboutoverthere?在宾语从句中，从句中要用陈述语序。A.whattheytalkB.whatdotheytalkC.whataretheytalkingD.whattheyaretalking(A)7.Wecouldn’tfindout（找出）,soweaskedapoliceman.对谁的某样东西提问，句式：whosecatisit?变为陈述语序：whosecatitis.A.whosebikeitwasB.whosebikewasitC.whoseitwasbikeD.whosewasitbike(C)8.Doyouknowtaketogettothehospital?getto，arriveat/in，reach+地点表示到达对哪一个提问，句式：whichbookisit?变为陈述句：whichbookitis.A.whichwaymustweB.whichmustwewayC.whichwaywemustD.whichwemustway(D)9.Tomaskedtoschoollate.A.whodidoftencomeB.whooftendidcomeC.whooftencomeD.whooftencame(B)10.Idon’tremembertheboybyhimself.leavesb.byoneself.留下某人，使他独自一人A.whydidsheleaveB.whysheleftC.whyhadsheleftD.whyshehadleft(A)11.Haveyouforgotten（忘记）whenhedied?A.howoldhewasB.howoldwasheC.whatdidhesayD.whathedidsay对某人年龄提问：howoldareyou?(c)12.Nobodyknowstovisitourschool.A.whenwillhecomeB.whendoeshecomeC.whenhewillcomeD.whenhedoescome(D)13.Pleasetellustothesciencemuseum(科学博物馆).A.howcanwereachB.howwecanreachC.howcanwegetD.howwecanget(A)14.Don’tyoubelievetothemoonbyspaceship?Don’tyouknow/believe难道你不知道/相信A.thatmandidflyB.howdidmanflyC.ifmanflyD.whethermanfly(B)15.Idon’tknow.对某人怎么了提问：What’sthematterwithsb?某人怎么了？陈述语序：whatthematteriswithsb.A.whatisthematterwithhimB.whatthematteriswithhimC.whatwithhimthematterisD.whatthematterwithhimis(A)16.Hedoesn’ttellmeifhe.Ifhe.I’lltelephone(打电话给……)you.A.willcome,comesB.willcome,willcomeC.comes,willcomeD.comes,comesⅡ.选择括号内正确的关联词语填空。(A)1.Iwonder(奇怪)heaskedsuchasilly（愚蠢的）questioninpublic.A.howB.why(A)2.(doyouthink你认为)willteachusmathsnextterm?A.WhoB.Whom(A)3.Areyousure?A.thatsheishonestB.sheishonest(A)4.HeyouarenotgoingtoShanghai.A.issurprised（惊奇的）thatB.surprisedthat(A)5.Heoftenthinksof（想）hecandoforalltheothers.A.whatB.which(A)6.Hemadehewouldn’tchangehismind.8\nChangeone’smind改变某人的主意makeit(quite)clearthat清楚的表明……AitquiteclearthatB.thatquiteclear(B)7.Idon’tthink.A.itthathecametotheconcerttrueB.ittrue(真的)thathecametotheconcert（音乐会）(B)8.Doyouknowwhattime?A.beginsthefootballmatchB.thefootballmatchbegins(B)9.Askhimhowmuch.A.itcostB.itcostedHowmuch1对价格提问，2对不可数名词的数量提问。Howmany对可数名词数量提问(B)10.Sheaskedmetobuildthehospital.Ittakessb.Sometimetodosth.做某事花了某人多少时间。例Ittakesme2hourstodothehomework.Sb.Spend(花费)sometime(in)doingsth./onsth.例Ispend2hoursdoingmyhomework/onmyhomework.Howlong对时间长短提问。Howlongdoesittaketodo?A.howlongitwastakenB.howlongithadtaken(A)11.Tomkilled(杀)thedog.I’llaskhimwhy.A.hedidthatB.didhedothat(B)12.Pleasetellmewherefrom.A.doyoucomeB.youcome(B)13.Inthestory(故事)hewrotedown.A.whathadbeenhappenedB.whathadhappenedtohim(A)14.HetoldmethatIbettertakeataxi.A.hadB.shouldhaveHadbetterdosth.最好做某事……(A)15.Iwanttoknowwhopainting.A.likesB.like(B)16.Fatherasked.A.whatwaswrongwithmeB.whatwrongiswithme(B)17.Heaskedmeif.A.thetrainwillarrivelately(最新的)B.thetrainalwaysarrivedlate（迟到）8