江苏省句容市后白中学中考英语语法复习 动词的语态 牛津版

江苏省句容市后白中学中考英语语法复习动词的语态牛津版【要点提示】概念：语态是动词的一种形式，用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系。种类：英语动词的语态有主动和被动两种：主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。考查热点：中考对被动语态的考查主要集中在被动语态的构成及用法上。其构成为“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”，通过变化助动词be体现时态。初中阶段需要掌握的被动语态如下：一般现在时am/is/are+过去分词一般过去时was/were+过去分词一般将来时will/shallbe+过去分词情态动词情态动词+be+过去分词现在完成时have/hasbeen+过去分词【拓展】1．双宾语的被动语态。含双宾语的句子由主动语态变被动语态时，可把指人的间接宾语用作被动语态的主语，也可把指物的直接宾语用作主语，但此时须在间接宾语前加上介词to或for。常用to的动词有give,tell,lend,send,show,pass,hand等；常用for的动词有borrow,make,buy等。2．复合宾语的被动语态。若主动语态句子为“主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补”这种含复合宾语的结构，变被动语态时只能“宾作主”，而宾补不变。其中，make/hear(watch,see...)sb.dosth.结构变为被动语态时为“sb.+be的适当形式+made/heard(watched,seen...)todosth.”。3．短语动词的被动语态。有些短语动词相当于及物动词，其后可接宾语，因此它们也有被动语态。但短语动词是个不可分割的整体，变为被动语态时不可丢掉其后的介词或副词。根据近几年对语态考查的分析，编了这样几句口诀：时态一，语态二，宾变主，主变宾，by短语，后面跟。谓语动词变被动，be后添“过分”。【专项练习】Ⅰ.请从各题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。()1.—DidyougotoSam’sweekendparty?—No,I____________.A.amnotinvitedB.wasn’tinvitedC.haven’tinvitedD.didn’tinvite()2.Theletter____________inJapanese.Ican’treadit.A.iswritingB.iswrittenC.wroteD.writes()3.—Susan,whyareyoustillhere?Theyareallreadytostart.—I’msorry,butI_______________whentomeet.A.amnottoldB.didn’ttellC.haven’ttoldD.wasn’ttold()4.Todaycomputers_______________inbothcitiesandtowns.A.wereusingB.areusedC.wereusedD.areusing4\n()5.Anewsupermarket_____________inmyhometownnextmonth.A.willbuiltB.willbebuiltC.isbuiltD.builds()6.—Alice,you______________onthephone.—I’mcoming.Thanks.A.wantB.arewantedC.werewantedD.havewanted()7.Personalcomputers____________in1976.Theyhavechangedthewholeworld.A.havebeeninventedB.areinventedC.wereinventedD.willbeinvented()8.—Yourskirtisniceandlooksdifferentfromothergirls’.—Thanks.Mymother____________itlastmonth.A.wasmadeB.hasmadeC.hasbeenmadeD.made()9.Iknowshewon’tcometojoinusunlessshe__________to.A.tellsB.willbetoldC.istoldD.wastold()10.Jamesismyfriend.He__________Jimforshort.A.callsB.iscalledC.calledD.iscalling()11.English____________inCanada,AustraliaandNewZealandaswellasAmericaandBritain.A.speaksB.isspeakingC.isspokenD.spoke()12.Thewindow___________tenminutesago,andtheroomisbrightnow.A.cleanedB.iscleanedC.wascleanedD.willclean()13.TodayIcan’tgotowork.Mysickmothershould__________.A.betakengoodcareB.betakengoodcareofC.takegoodcareD.takegoodcareof()14.—I___________yourrecorder.Itworksnow.—Thankyouverymuch.A.havebeenrepairedB.willrepairC.haverepairedD.wasrepaired()15.We’llhavethreedaysoffifthework________today.A.finishesB.canfinishC.wasfinishedD.canbefinished()16.—Howoften___________yourschoolsportsmeeting________?—Onceayear.A.were,heldB.are,heldC.was,heldD.is,held()17.ThewatchIlostyesterday__________inmydrawer.A.hasfoundB.foundC.hasbeenfoundD.hadbeenfound()18.Moretreesmust___________inNorthChinaeveryyeartostopthewind.A.beplantedB.plantC.plantedD.areplanted4\n()19.TraditionalBeijingopera__________tothemusiccoursesinmiddleschoolinthefuture.A.willaddB.willbeaddedC.addsD.wasadded()20.Inourschool,thebooksfromthelibrarywithintwoweeks.A.returnB.mustreturnC.willreturnD.mustbereturned()21.—Thispicture___________toamuseuminNewYorkin2022.—Yes,itcostalot.A.hasbeensoldB.willbesoldC.issoldD.wassold()22.Thechildren_____________nottosmoke.A.aretoldB.toldC.tellD.aretelling()23.Alotoftallbuildings____________nearourhousesofar.A.havebeenbuiltB.arebuiltC.havebuiltD.werebuilt()24.Jimdoesn’thavetobemade_________.Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning()25.—Whatwastheresultofthefootballmatch?—Badluck.Ourteam_____________.A.beatB.wonC.wasbeatenD.haswonⅡ.请将主动语与被动语态互换，每空一词。1.Chineseisspokenbymoreandmoreforeignersnow._____________________________________________________now.2.Thetwinsateupallthebananasontheplate.Allthebananasontheplate___________________upbythetwins.3.Wemustfinishtheworkintwohours.Thework________________________________intwohours.4.Thousandsofhousesinthatareaweredestroyedbytheearthquake.______________________________________________________inthatarea.5.Beijinghashostedthe29thOlympicGamessuccessfully.The29thOlympicGames________________________________successfullybyBeijing.6.Thegirlcopiesapoemeveryweek.Apoem_________________________bythegirleveryweek.7.Theclassroomshouldbecleanedbythestudentseveryday.Thestudents___________________________________________everyday.8.Myfathergavemycousinanicegiftonherbirthday.Anicegift__________________________________mycousinbymyfatheronher4\nbirthday.9.Allthepeopleintheroomlaughedathimbecauseofhisnewhairstyle.He_________________________________________________allthepeopleintheroombecauseofhisnewhairstyle.10.Iheardaboycryinthenextroomjustnow.Aboy______________________________________________inthenextroomjustnow.Ⅲ.请根据句意及所给词，用其正确语态填空。1.Thekitchen_____________(clean)everydaybymymother.2.Lily’ssister___________(make)breakfastforherselfeverymorning.3.Manysongs__________(sound)verybeautiful.4.Sometimesthebestandmostbeautifulthingsintheworldcannot_____________(see),butcan_____________(feel).5.Thingsshould__________(keep)herebeforeyouentertheWaterCube.6.Thosestudents_____________(ask)tospeakatthemeetingtomorrow.7.Thewindowoftheclassroom__________(break)byMikeyesterday.8.Howdoyoumakeyourroom____________(look)nice?9.Abookmust___________(read)morethanonceifyouwanttounderstanditbetter.10.Wheretobuildthenewhospital___________(notdecide)yet.参考答案动词的语态专项练习Ⅰ.1-5BBDBB6-10BCDCB11-15CCBCD16-20DCABD21-25DAABCⅡ.1.MoreandmoreforeignersspeakChinese2.wereeaten3.mustbefinished4.Theearthquakedestroyedthousandsofhouses5.has/havebeenhosted6.iscopied7.shouldcleantheclassroom8.wasgivento9.waslaughedatby10.washeardtocryⅢ.1.iscleaned2.makes3.sound4.beseen,befelt5.bekept6.willbeasked7.wasbroken8.look9.beread10.hasn’tbeendecided4