河北省藁城市尚西中学2022学年九年级英语句子类型语法专项无答案人教新目标版

句子种类句子按交际用途可分为：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句【陈述句】陈述句是用来说明一个事实或陈述一个看法，有肯定式和否定式，语序是主语在前，谓语在后。肯定的陈述句：主语+系动词+表语;主语+谓语+其他eg:Theyarecollagestudents./Thisideasoundsgood../Sheoftenplaysthepiano.否定的陈述句:主语+助动词/情态动词+not+动词原形+其他肯定陈述句：主语+系动词+表语eg:Theyarecollegestudents./Yourideasoundsgood.主语+谓语动词+其他eg:Sheoftenplaysthepiano.否定陈述句：主语+be+not+表语eg:Theyarenotcollegestudents.eg:Ididn’tgototheparkyesterday./Wecan’tfinishtheworkinthreedays.注意：（1）除not外，其他否定词如：no/never/nothing/nobody/none/neither/few/little/hardly/seldom等也可构成否定句（2）肯变否：both…and…-neither…nor…some-anytoo-eitheralready-yetboth-neitherall-nonealmost---hardlymany---fewmuch---littleoften---seldom【疑问句】疑问句可分为：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反义疑问句。1）一般疑问句用来询问一件事，答案通常是yes或no，注意语序（be/情态动词/助动词提前）。---Areyouastudent?---Yes,Iam./No,I’mnot.---Haveyouhadsupper?---Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.注意：否定疑问句通常以---Areyouastudent?----Yes,Iam./No,I’mnot.注意：否定疑问句以be/情态动词/助动词与not的缩写形式开头，表示惊讶、赞叹、怀疑等语气，回答也用yes/no(根据事实回答)eg:---Don’tyouknowhim?---Yes,Ido.Wehavebeenfriendsformanyyears.2)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句疑问词有who,whose,what,which,where,when,why,how，howmany,howmuch,howfar,howoften,howsoon等3)选择疑问句:一般疑问句+or+被选择部分?；特殊疑问句+A+or+B?选择疑问句的回答不能用yes/no,选择其中一个选项回答eg:--Areyouateacheroradoctor?---I’mateacher.---Whichdoyoulikebest,chickenorbeef?---Beef.4)反意疑问句（前肯后否；前否后肯；根据事实回答，前后一致）①当陈述部分是“Therebe”结构时，反意疑问部分用bethere.当陈述部分是“Therewillbe”结构时，反意疑问部分用won’tthere.②陈述部分有never,hardly,seldom,few,little,nothing,nobody,nowhere等否定词时，反意疑问部分要用肯定形式。如果陈述部分是带有否定前缀或后缀的词时(unhappy)，反意疑问部分仍用否定结构。③以let’s开头的祈使句，其反意疑问部分用shallwe.其他祈使句其反意疑问部分均用willyou。④陈述部分的主语是everybody,everyone,anybody,anyone,somebody,someone,nobody,noone,none,neither时,其反意疑问句的主语需用代词he/they。陈述部分的主语是everything,nothing,anything或something时，反意疑问句的主语应用代词it⑤当陈述部分含Ithink(believe,suppose...)that...结构时，其反意疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持一致，注意主句的主语必须是第一人称。Idon’tthinkheistall,ishe?【祈使句】1）肯定祈使句1)实义动词原形+其他Putawayyourthings.2)be+其他Becareful.2\n3)Let+宾语+动词原形+其他Let’sgoswimming.2）否定祈使句1)Don’t+动词原形+其他Don’tplaycomputergames2)Don’tbe+其他Don’tbelateagain.3)LetsbnotdoLetthebabynotsleep.3）用的祈使句：祈使句+and/or+简单句(将来时)eg:Hurryup,oryouwillbelate【感叹句】感叹句是用来表达喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的一种句式，句末用感叹号。感叹句句型：Whata/an+adj.+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！eg:whatanhonestboyheis!What+adj.+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语！eg:Whatfineweatheritis!注意：1.常考的不可数名词有：work/information/news/advice/fun/weather/music…2.易错句：Whatfun+主语+谓语！eg:WhatfuntheWaterFestivalis!How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语！eg:Howcleverthegirlis!How+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！eg:Howstrangeanoldmanheis!How+主语+谓语！eg:Howtimesflies!整合集训（13-14中考）86.do,a,have,you,ruler_________________________________?87.nice,thetaste,noodles______________________________________.88.far,the,how,museum,is______________________________________?89.pens,those,her,pass,black______________________________________.90.match,a,now,be,TV,football,there,on______________________________________.86.night,did,last,rain,it________________________________________________？87.your,what,is,shirt,size______________________________________________？88.gift,him,birthday,gave,a,I____________________________________________.89.flower,what,are,beautiful,they_________________________________________.90.tennis,a,Nancy,twice,week,play_________________________________________.2