高中英语新高考一轮复习非谓语动词专项练习（基础练 提升练）（附参考答案）

新高考英语非谓语动词专项练习班级考号姓名总分（基础练）1.Thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecars________roadconditionsneed________.A.that;tobeimprovedB.which;tobeimprovedC.where;improvingD.when;improving2.Thewaterisnotfit_______,soholdoutuntilwegettoashop.A.todrinkB.tobedrunkC.drinkingD.drink3.Tomreturnedafterthewar,only_______thathiswifehadlefthim.A.toldB.tellingC.tobetoldD.beingtold4.Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsinthearea.A.needrepairingB.needstorepairC.needsrepairingD.needtorepair5._______asamanagerformanyyears,Mr.Johnsonfoundithardtobeanordinaryclerkagain.A.HavingworkedB.WorkedC.TohaveworkedD.Working6.Withthegovernment’said,those______bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.A.affectB.affectingC.affectedD.wereaffected7.Don'tyouthinkitistimeyou______theplan?Itis_______themanagerswantedtosee________soon.A.setoutdiscussing;that;tobecarriedoutB.shouldsetaboutdiscussing;that;tocarryoutC.shouldsetouttodiscuss;what;tobecarriedoutD.setaboutdiscussing,what;carriedout8.Teenagersgetlessandlesssleep,__________thematahigherriskofphysicalandmentalhealthproblems.A.puttingB.put7\nC.toputD.beingput9.Throughouttheworld,parentstalkdifferentlytobabies.Withtheiryoungkids,parentsusebabytalk,featuringlongpausesandarollercoasterofpitch(音高)changes.Whileparentsmayfeelabitsillyusingbabytalk,theyshouldn'tinfact.Babiesnotonlypreferlisteningtoit,butalsolearnnewwordsmoreeasilyfromit.Byhighlightingthestructureofspeech,suchasthedifferencesbetweenthevowels(元音)"a"and"o",babytalkhelpsbabiestranslatesoundsintomeaningfulunitsoflanguage.Actually,thetimbre(音色)playsarole.Thetimbreofaninstrumentclearlyaffectshowweexperiencemusic,butitsroleinlanguageislessobvious.Lookingintothetimbreofbabytalk,researchersmadesomesurprisingdiscoveries.InanewstudypublishedinCurrentBiology,researchersreportedforthefirsttimethatmothersshiftedtheiroverallvocaltimbrewhenspeakingtotheirbabies,asiftheywerechangingtheirvoiceintoadifferentinstrumenttoaddresstheseuniquelittlelisteners.InthePrincetonBabyLab,whereresearchersstudyhowchildrenlearn,theyrecordedEnglish-speakingmotherswhiletheytalkedwiththeir7-to12-month-oldbabiesandwhiletheyspoketoanadultexperimenter,andfoundthatadult-directedandbaby-directedspeechhadconsistentlydifferenttimbres.Mostsurprisingly,inasecondsampleofnon-English-speakingmothers,researchersfoundthatthistimbreshiftwasalsohighlyconsistentacrossninediverselanguages.Thissuggeststhesetimbreshiftsmayrepresentauniversalformofcommunicationwithbabies.Beingabletoidentifybabytalkacrossmultiplelanguagescouldgiveusrichinformationabouttheamountandtypeoflanguagechildrenhearatpreschoolacrossdifferentculturalenvironments.Thiscouldhelpresearchersandeducatorspredictandimproveoutcomessuchasvocabularyandsuccessatschool.Parentsshouldfeelself-consciousabouttheirownbabytalk:withitthey'rehelpingtheirbabylearn.1Whatistheadvantageofparents’usingbabytalks?（）AItisgoodforbabiestochangepitch.B.Ithelpstranslatesoundsintodifferentlanguages.C.Itmakesbabieslearnmorelanguage.D.Ithelpsbabiesimprovetheirlanguageability.2.Whatdidthestudyfind?（）A.Mothersusuallychangedtheirtimbrewhentalkingwiththeirbabies.B.Mothersavoidedusingthesoundlikeinstrumentstotalkwithbabies.C.Non-English-speakingmothersspoketobabieswithconsistenttimbre.D.English-speakingmothersweregoodatchangingtimbretospeakwithadults.3.Whatisparagraph6mainlyabout?（）A.Theaimoftheresearch.B.Theprocessoftheresearch.C.Theeffectofparents'timbreshifts.D.Themeaningofstudyingbabytalks.4.Whatmaybetheauthor'ssuggestiontoparentswithbabies?（）A.Teachingbabiestotalkearly.B.Practicingmothers'timbreoften.C.Usingbabytalkstocommunicatewithbabies.D.Beingconsciousofbabies'emotionalneed.7\n10.It'shardfordoctorstodoathorougheyeexamonsmallchildren.Butanewsmartphoneapptakesadvantageofparents'fondnessfortakingpicturesoftheirchildrentolookforsignsthatachildmightbedevelopinganeyedisease.Theappistheresultofafather'sfive-yearquesttofindawaytocatchtheearliestsignsofeyediseases,andpreventlossofvision.Fiveyearsago,doctorsdiagnosed(诊断)withretinoblastoma—araretypeofeyecancer—whenhewas4monthsold.Tomakethediagnosis,thedoctorsshinedalightintoNoah'seye,andgotapalereflectionfromthebackoftheeyeball,anindicationthattherewassomethingwrongthere.Noah'sfatherBryan,ascientist,wonderedifhecouldseethatsamepalereflectioninpicturesofhisbabyson.Sureenough,hesawthereflection,whichdoctorscall"whiteeye",inapicturetakenrightafterNoahwasborn.ThenBryandecidedtocreateanappthatcouldscanphotosforsignsofthisreflection.Now,thatappexists,calledCRADLE.Totesttheapp,Bryanandhiscolleaguesanalyzedmorethan50,000picturestakenof40children.Halfhadnoeyediseaseandhalfhad."Onaverage,theappdetected'whiteeye'inpicturescollected1.3yearsbeforediagnosis,"saysBryan.Theappisn'tperfect.Itsometimesmisses"whiteeye"whenit'sthere,andsometimessaysit'stherewhenit'snot.Thatlatterconditionisaproblem.Eventhoughtheso-calledfalsepositiveoccurslessthan1%ofthetime,that'snotgoodenough.Thereareabout4millionchildrenbornintheU.S.eachyear.A1%falsepositiveratewouldmeantensofthousandsofchildrenshowingupatthedoctor'sunnecessarily.Still,Bryanisupbeataboutthepromiseoftheapp."Thisisexcitingnewtechnology,andthisishowIthinkwe'regoingtogoaboutscreeningforanumberofdiseasesinthefuture,"hesays.1WhatinspiredBryantocreateCRADLE?（）A.Hisson'sdiagnosis.B.Hisfamilyphotos.C.Hishobbyoftakingpictures.D.Hisworkingexperienceasascientist.2Whatdoweknowabout"whiteeye"?（）A.Itisasignofsomeeyediseases.B.Ithardlycausesseriouslossofvision.C.Itreferstothewhitepartofaneyeball.D.Itoccurswhennolightisreflectedfromtheeye.3.Whyisa1%falsepositiveratestillaproblem?（）A.Itmaydelaythetreatmentofapatient.B.Itmaybadlyaffectthefutureoftheapp.C.Itmayraiseseriousdoubtsaboutdoctors.D.Itmaycauseawasteofmedicalresources.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword"upbeat"inthelastparagraph?（）A.Curious.B.Cautious.C.Optimistic.D.Worried.7\n新高考英语非谓语动词专项练习班级考号姓名总分（提升练）11.TwoofthesaddestwordsintheEnglishlanguageare"ifonly".Ilivemylifewiththegoalofneverhavingtosaythosewords,becausetheyconveyregret,lostopportunities,mistakes,anddisappointment.Myfatherisfamousinourfamilyforsaying,"Taketheextraminutetodoitright."Ialwaystrytolivebythe"extraminute"rule.Whenmychildrenwereyoungandlikelytocauseaccidents,IalwaysthoughtaboutwhatIcoulddotoavoidan"ifonly"moment,whetheritwassomethingminorlikemovingacupfullofhotcoffeeawayfromtheedgeofacounter,orsomethingthatrequiredalittlemoreworksuchastapingpadding(衬垫)ontothesharpcomersofaglasscoffeetable.Idon'tonlyavoidthose"ifonly"momentswhenitcomestosafety.It'sequallyimportanttoavoid"ifonly"inourpersonalrelationships.Weallknowpeoplewholostabelovedoneandregrettedthattheyhadforegoneanopportunitytosay"Iloveyou"or"Iforgiveyou".WhenmyfatherannouncedhewasgoingtotheeyedoctoracrossfrommyofficeonGoodFriday,ItoldhimthatitwasaholidayformycompanyandIwouldn'tbethere.ButthenIthoughtaboutthefactthathewas84yearsoldandIrealizedthatIshouldn'tgiveupanopportunitytoseehim.IcalledhimandtoldhimIhaddecidedtogotoworkonmydayoffafterall.IknowtherewillstillbeoccasionswhenIhavetosay"ifonly"aboutsomething,butmylifeisdefinitelybetterbecauseofmypolicyofdoingeverythingpossibletoavoidthateventuality.Andeventhoughittakesanextraminutetodosomethingright,oritoccasionallytakesanhourortwoinmybusyscheduletomakeapersonalconnection,IknowthatI'mdoingtherightthing.I'mkeepingmyselfpeaceofmindandthat'sthebestkindofinsuranceformyemotionalwell-being.1Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofthe"extraminute"rule?（）A.Startthecarthemomenteveryoneisseated.B.Leavetheroomforaminutewiththeironworking.C.Waitforanextraminutesothatthesteaktastesbetter.D.Moveanobjectoutofthewaybeforeittripssomeone.2WhydidtheauthordecidetogototheofficeonGoodFriday?（）A.Tokeeptheappointmentwiththeeyedoctor.B.Tomeettheauthor'sfatherwhowasalreadyanoldman.C.Tojoinintheholidaycelebrationofthecompany.D.Tofinishtheworkbeforethedeadlineapproached.3.Whichwordisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword"foregone"inParagraph3?（）A.Abandoned.B.Lacked.C.Avoided.D.Cherished.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?（）7\nA.TheEmotionalWell-beingB.TheTwoSaddestWordsC.TheMostUsefulRuleD.ThePeaceofMind12.阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Areyouhappywithyourappearance?①_______"Almostallthegirlswithsingle-foldeyelids(单眼皮)inourclasshavehaddouble-eyelidoperations,"Zeng,aSenior2studentfromChengdu,toldXinhuaNewsAgency.Zenghadthesamesurgerydonethissummer.②_______Frompopularphoto-editingappstoplasticsurgery(整形手术),itseemsthatlargeeyes,paleskinandaskinnybodyaretheonlystandardforbeautythesedays.Butcanfollowingthisstandardreallymakeusfeelgoodaboutourselves?③_______AccordingtoHuxiuNews,oversixintengirlschoosenottotakepartincertaindailyactivities,suchasattendingschool,becausetheyfeelbadabouttheirlooks.Asmuchas31percentofteenagersavoidspeakingupinclassbecausetheyworrythatotherswillnoticetheirlooks.Manyteenagersareupsetabouttheirappearancebecausetheybelieveinunrealisticstandardsofbeauty,expertssay.④_______Seeingallthesethingscanmakeanyonebelievethatthey'retoodark,toofat,tooshort,ortootall.However,tryingtoliveuptostrictstandardscanmakeusfeelanxious.Whattroublesusisnotjustour"imperfect"looks,butthefactthatwecriticizeourselvestoomuch.⑤_______Plus-sizemodelsarebeingfeaturedinsomefashionshows.Allofusshouldbejustasconfidentastheyare.A.Beautycomesinallshapesandsizes.B.Someteenagersmightfeelnegativeabouttheirappearance.C.Bodyimageanxietyiscommonamongteenagers.D.Guyscarejustasmuchasgirlsdoabouttheirbodyimage.E.Sheandmanyofherclassmatesbelievebiggereyeslookmorebeautiful.F.It'scommonforteenagerstofeelconfidentabouttheirappearance.G.Perfectfacesandbodiesareeverywhereinadvertising,TVshowsandsocialmedia.13.Untillastyear,IwastryingtolookliketheslimgirlsonTVeventhoughIknewthatitwas①___________(possible).Toloseweight,ItriedeverynewdietIreadaboutonline.Itriedno-fat,low-fat,5:2,onlybananas,nobananas—Ialmost②___________(go)mad.Thenanarticlechangedme.Itsaidinsteadofasking"AmIfat?"Ishouldbeasking"AmIfit?"Ididn'tknowalettercouldmakesucha③___________(different)!ThenIstartedthinkingaboutfitnessratherthanweight.Ididn'tsaythatIwantedtolosethreekilos.Instead,IwouldsayIwantedtoruntwokilometresineight④___________(minute)orthatIwantedtobeabletodo30push-ups.Ipreferred⑤___________(add)healthyfoodstomymealsratherthancut⑥___________thefoodsIenjoyed.Istillhadaburgernow⑦___________then,butIwouldaddasaladoranapple.Finally,Istopped⑧___________(compare)myselfwithactressesandmodelsandlookingforthingsthatwerewrongwithmyfaceorbody.Instead,ImadealistofthethingsIlikedabout⑨___________(I).Ibecamemorepositiveaboutmyselfandmybody.As⑩___________result,Ibecamebothhappierandhealthier.7\n附：参考答案和解析1.答案：A解析：that引导同位语从句具体说明新问题的内容。need后既可接动名词,也可接不定式的被动式表被动。2.答案：A3.答案：C解析：句意:乔治战后返回家乡,结果被告知他的妻子已经离开了他。考査非谓语动词作状语。由题干中的only及语境可知要用不定式作结果状语。4.答案：A解析：考查固定结构。need作需要讲时,表某事需要……,用needtobedone或needdoing结构,且主语two-thirdsofthebuildings是复数,谓语动词也要用复数形式,所以选A。5.答案：A解析：考查现在分词的完成式做状语：句意：做经理很多年后，鲍勃先生发现很难做一个普通的职员了。根据句意，鲍勃先生是先做经理，然后才发现做秘书难的，当状语的动作发生在主句的动作之前，用现在分词的完成式做状语，选A。6.答案：C解析：Those与affect之间是被动和完成的关系,所以用过去分词作定语。句意:在政府的帮助下,那些受地震影响的人们已经搬进新的住宅。7.答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气、连接词和非谓语动词。句意：你不认为该开始讨论这个计划了吗？这是经理们希望看到尽快实施的事情。第一空中Itistime后的定语从句用虚拟语气，从句谓语通常用过去式表示现在或将来，其意为“(早)该干某事了”。且短语setaboutdoingsth.“开始做某事”，故第一空应填setaboutdiscussing；第二空为表语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，指事情，故应用what；第三空分析句子结构可知carryout在句中做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语plan构成被动关系，故用过去分词carriedout。故选D。8.答案：A解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：青少年的睡眠越来越少，这让他们有更高的身体和心理健康问题的风险。分析句子结构可知，Teenagersgetlessandlesssleep这个状况与put之间是主谓关系，故用主动形式的现在分词作状语。B项put是谓语动词，这里结构显示不是并列谓语形式；C项不定式作目的状语，为了让……，不合题意；D项是被动形式不合题意。故选A。9.答案：1-4.DADC解析：这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了婴儿如何从父母那里学习语言,音色在婴儿的语言学习上起着一定的作用。1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Whileparentsmayfeelabitsillyusingbabytalk,theyshouldn'tinfact.Babiesnotonlypreferlisteningtoit,butalsolearnnewwordsmoreeasilyfromit"可知,父母使用儿语有助于孩子学习新词汇,故选D。2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"InanewstudypublishedinCurrentBiology,researchersreportedforthefirsttimethatmothersshiftedtheiroverallvocaltimbrewhenspeakingtotheirbabies"可知,研究发现妈妈们在和宝宝说话时通常会改变音色,故选A。3.主旨大意题。第六段主要讲述了识别多种语言中的儿语能让我们了解不同文化环境下的学龄前儿童听到的语言的数量和类型,这可以帮助研究人员和教育工作者预测和改善结果,如词汇量和在学校的成功。因此本段主要讲述的是研究儿语的意义,故选D。4.细节理解题。根据最后一段"Parentsshouldfeelself-consciousabouttheirownbabytalk:withitthey'rehelpingtheirbabylearn"可知,父母应该使用儿语,因为这能帮助孩子学习,故选C。10.答案：1-4AADC解析：1.推理判断题。根据第二段中的"Theappistheresultofafather'sfive-yearquest...preventlossofvision.Fiveyearsago,NoahShawwasdiagnosed(诊断）withretinoblastoma"以及第三段中的"ThenBryandecidedtocreateanappthatcouldscanphotosforsignsofthisreflection"可知,Bryan的儿子被诊断出视网膜母细胞瘤，诊断过程给予了Bryan灵感，使他决心开发一款能检测眼疾的应用程序。2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"gotapalereflectionfromthebackoftheeyeball,anindicationthattherewassomethingwrongthere"以及"hesawthereflection,whichdoctorscall'whiteeye'"可知，"whiteeye"就是"apalereflection"，而"apalereflection"表明他的眼睛出了问题，由此可知"white7\neye"是一些眼病的征兆。3.推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的"Thelatterconditionisaproblem"以及"A1%falsepositiveratewouldmeantensofthousandsofchildrenshowingupatthedoctor'sunnecessarily"可知，假阳性是指眼睛本身没有问题，但是CRADLE的检测表明有问题。这个错误率即使是1%，也会导致成千上万的儿童去看医生，这原本是没有必要的。由此推断这是一种医疗资源的浪费。4.词义猜测题。由最后一段中的"Still,Bryanisupbeataboutthepromiseoftheapp"以及"Thisisexcitingnewtechnology"可知,Bryan对CRADLE这款应用程序的未来还是"乐观的"。11.答案：1-4DBAB解析：1.推理判断题。根据文章第二段中作者就如何避免ifonly的时刻而列举的例子可知,要遵循"extraminute"的规则，需要提前预防危险或令人遗憾的事情发生。因此，D项(在一个东西绊倒一个人之前先把它搬走）与原文信息一致，故选D。2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"ButthenIthoughtaboutthefactthathewas84yearsoldandIrealizedthatIshouldn'tgiveupanopportunitytoseehim"可知，作者最终决定去上班，是为了见年迈的父亲。3.词义猜测题。根据画线词后的"Ishouldn'tgiveupanopportunitytoseehim"可以判断出，画线词的意思与giveup呼应，故选A。4.标题归纳题。纵观全文，文章主要围绕着ifonly展开叙述，而作者在开篇介绍ifonly是英语中最伤感的两个词，下文就如何避免使用这两个词进行论述。B项“TheTwoSaddestWords”有针对性地概括了全文，符合题意。12.答案：BECGA解析：本文主要讨论了青少年如何看待自己的外貌,鼓励青少年要对自己的外貌有信心因为美的形式各有不同。①承接上文"Areyouhappywithyourappearance",并结合选项可知,选项B对此问题作出了问应,所以选用B选项。②根据语境及空前一句"Zenghadthesamesurgerydonethissummer"可知,Zeng也做了双眼皮手术,故E项"她和许多同学认为大眼睛看起来更漂亮"符合语境,承接上文。③本段主要讲的是很多青少年对自己的外貌不满意,甚至感到焦虑,故C项"身体意象焦虑在青少年中很普遍"适合作本段主题句。④根据空后的"Seeingallthesethingscanmakeanyonebelievethatthey'retoodark,toofat,tooshort,ortootall",并结合上文中的"unrealisticstandardsofbeauty"可知,由于以不切实际的美为标准,许多青少年对自己的外貌有自卑感,与选项G的内容联系紧密,所以选G项。⑤根据下文中的"Allofusshouldbejustasconfidentastheyare"可知,本段主要讲的是要对自己的外貌有信心,因为美的形式多种多样,而不是只有一个标准,所以选A项。13.答案：impossible;went;difference;minutes;toadd;out;and;comparing;myself;a解析：①考查形容词。句意:直到去年,我一直在努力(让自己)看起来像电视上的苗条女孩,尽管我知道这是不可能的。根据eventhough所表示的转折含义可知,此处表示看起来像电视上的苗条女孩是不可能的。再根据空前的was可知填形容词impossible。②考查动词时态。句意:我尝试了无脂肪、低脂肪、5:2饮食法、只吃香蕉、不吃香蕉——我几乎要疯了。文章介绍过去发生的事情,所以用一般过去时。③考查名词。句意:我不知道一个字母能够产生如此大的影响!makeadifference有作用或影响。④考查名词的复数。句意:相反,我会说我想在8分钟内跑2公里,或者我想能够做30个俯卧撑。eight后面接名词的复数形式。⑤考查不定式。prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.宁愿做某事而不愿做另一件事。⑥考查固定短语。cutout停止食用。⑦考查连词。句意:我仍然偶尔吃个汉堡,但我会加一份沙拉或一个苹果。nowandthen偶尔。⑧考查动名词。句意:最后,我不再拿自己和女演员、模特做比较,也不再寻找我的脸或身体的问题。根据句意可知此处是stopdoingsth.,表示“停止做某事”。⑨考查代词。句意:相反,我列出了一份我喜欢自己哪些地方的清单。句子主语是I,所以介词about后用反身代词myself。⑩考查冠词。句意:结果,我变得更加快乐和健康了。asaresult结果。7