2021年高考英语真题及模拟题专题汇编16阅读理解说明类（附解析）

专题16阅读理解说明类I、2021年高考真题（2021·新高考I卷·C篇）WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshavetakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourseswisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadesto decimate alargepartoftheseresources.Millionsofwaterfowl（水禽）werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitioussportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat（栖息地）.In1934,withthepassageoftheMigratoryBirdHuntingStampAct(Act),anincreasinglyconcernednationtookfirmactiontostopthedestructionofmigratory（迁徙的）waterfowlandthewetlandssovitaltotheirsurvival.UnderthisAct,allwaterfowlhunters16yearsofageandovermustannuallypurchaseandcarryaFederalDuckStamp.TheveryfirstFederalDuckStampwasdesignedbyJ.N."Ding"Darling,apoliticalcartoonistfromDesMoines,lowa,whoatthattimewasappointedbyPresidentFranklinRooseveltasDirectoroftheBureauofBiologicalSurvey.Hunterswillinglypaythestamppricetoensurethesurvivalofournaturalresources.About98centsofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBirdConservationFundtopurchasewetlandsandwildlifehabitatforinclusionintotheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem—afactthatensuresthislandwillbeprotectedandavailableforallgenerationstocome.Since1934,betterthanhalfabilliondollarshasgoneintothatFundtopurchasemorethan5millionacresofhabitat.LittlewondertheFederalDuckStampProgramhasbeencalledoneofthemostsuccessfulconservationprogramseverinitiated.1.WhatwasacauseofthewaterfowlpopulationdeclineinNorthAmerica?A.Lossofwetlands.B.Popularityofwatersports.C.Pollutionofrivers.D.Arrivalofotherwildanimals.-36-,2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"decimate"meaninthefirstparagraph?A.Acquire.B.Export.C.Destroy.D.Distribute.3.WhatisadirectresultoftheActpassedin1934?A.Thestamppricehasgonedown.B.Themigratorybirdshaveflownaway.C.Thehuntershavestoppedhunting.D.Thegovernmenthascollectedmoney.4.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheFederalDuckStampStoryB.TheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystemC.TheBenefitsofSavingWaterfowlD.TheHistoryofMigratoryBirdHunting【答案】ACDA【解析】本文为说明文，讲述了美国为了保护“水禽”颁布了一项政策，狩猎者需要购买相关水禽类邮票，然后政府把售卖所得款拨给候鸟保护基金组织。1.细节理解题。根据题干信息NorthAmerica以及decline定位到第一段：Millionsofwaterfowlwerekilledat… Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredried… greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat.分析可知，数百万的水禽被猎人和野心过大的运动员给杀害了。而数百万英亩的湿地被开垦以喂养和容纳日益增长的人口，而这大大减少了水禽的栖息地。可知，湿地流失是导致水禽数量减少的原因。故选A。2.词义猜测题。根据题干信息firstparagraph定位到第一段：Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.根据Unfortunately（不幸地是）可知，此处与前文 "takencareof" 形成对比，故此处应表示 "损害、毁坏" 。原文译为：不幸地是，这些探险者和定居者只花了几十年的时间就毁掉了这些资源的很大一部分。故选C。3.推理判断题。根据题干信息in1934定位到第二、三段。分析可知，第二段是在说明在颁布了这个法令之后，16岁或者超过16岁以上的水禽捕猎者必须每年购买并携带联邦鸭票，而第三段则提及了大约98%的鸭子邮票的钱都是直接被用于购买保护湿地。因此D选项,政府可以筹集钱，符合题意。故选D。-36-,4.主旨大意题。根据原文分析可知，首先作者先提出了湿地的破坏导致了水禽数量的下降，而后政府则通过发行联邦鸭票筹集资金，用于保护湿地，是史上最成功的保护项目之一。因此A选项，联邦鸭票的故事符合题意。故选A。（2021·全国甲卷·B篇）PortLympneReserve,whichrunsabreeding（繁育）programme,haswelcomedthearrivalofarareblackrhinocalf（犀牛幼崽）.WhenthetinycreaturearrivedonJanuary31.shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornatthereserve.AndofficialsatPortLympneweredelightedwiththenewarrival,especiallyasblackrhinosareknownforbeingdifficulttobreedincaptivity（圈养）.PaulBeer,headofrhinosectionatPortLympne,said:"Obviouslywe'reallabsolutelydelightedtowelcomeanothercalftoourblackrhinofamily.She'shealthy,strongandalreadyeagertoplayandexplore.Hermother,Solio,isafirst-timemumandsheisdoingafantasticjob.It'sstillalittletoocoldforthemtogooutintotheopen,butassoonastheweatherwarmsup,Ihavenodoubtthatthelittleonewillbeoutandaboutexploringandplayingeveryday."Theadorablefemalecalfisthesecondblackrhinobornthisyearatthereserve,butitistooearlytotellifthecalveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild.ThefirstrhinotobebornatPortLympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirst-timemotherKisimaandweighedabout32kg.Hismother,grandmotherandgreatgrandmotherwereallbornatthereserveandstilllivethere.AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund,theglobalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5500,givingtherhinosa"criticallyendangered"status.1.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebreedingprogramme?A.Costly.B.Controversial.C.Ambitious.D.Successful.2.WhatdoesPaulBeersayaboutthenew-bornrhino?A.Shelovesstayingwithhermother.B.Shedislikesoutdooractivities.C.Sheisingoodcondition.-36-,D.Sheissensitivetoheat.3.WhatsimilarexperiencedoSolioandKisimahave?A.TheyhadtheirfirstborninJanuary.B.Theyenjoyedexploringnewplaces.C.Theylivedwiththeirgrandmothers.D.Theywerebroughttothereserveyoung.4.WhatcanbeinferredaboutPortLympneReserve?A.Therhinosectionwillbeopentothepublic.B.Itaimstocontrolthenumberoftheanimals.C.ItwillcontinuetoworkwiththeWorldWildlifeFund.D.Someofitsrhinosmaybesenttotheprotectedwildareas.【答案】DCAD【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述肯特野生动物园庆祝一只可爱的稀有动物黑犀牛幼崽的到来。1.细节理解题。根据题干关键词"thebreedingprogramme"定位在原文第一段第一句话PortLympneReserve,whichrunsabreeding（繁育）programme,haswelcomedthearrivalofarareblackrhinocalf（犀牛幼崽）.林普恩港保护区(PortLympneReserve)开展了一项繁殖计划，它迎来了一头稀有的黑犀牛犊牛的到来。所以，应该是成功的。故选D项。2.细节理解题。根据题干关键词"PaulBeersay"定位在第二段他说的话，其中根据"Obviouslywe'reallabsolutelydelightedtowelcomeanothercalftoourblackrhinofamily.She'shealthy,strongandalreadyeagertoplayandexplore."显然，我们都非常高兴地欢迎另一头小牛来到我们的黑犀牛家庭。她健康，强壮，并且已经渴望玩耍和探索。可知在这个新生的小犀牛状况很好。故选C项。3.推理判断题。根据题干关键词"similarexperience，SolioandKisima"定位在原文第二段"Hermother,Solio,isafirst-timemumandsheisdoingafantasticjob.她的母亲，索里奥，是第一次当妈妈，她做得很好。"和第三段"ThefirstrhinotobebornatPortLympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirst-timemotherKisimaandweighedabout32kg.1月5日，在林普恩港出生的第一头犀牛来到了它的第一位母亲基西马身边，体重约32公斤。"可知Solio和Kisima相似点都是第一次当妈妈。故选A项。4.推理判断题。根据题干关键词"PortLympneReserve"定位在原文第一段"PortLympne-36-,Reserve,whichrunsabreeding（繁育）programme"和第三段"Hismother,grandmotherandgreatgrandmotherwereallbornatthereserveandstilllivethere.他的母亲、祖母和曾祖母都出生在保护区，至今仍住在那里。"可知林普恩港保护区是负责一项繁殖计划的项目，它的一些犀牛一直住在保护区，所以一些犀牛可能会被送到野生保护区。故选D项。（2021·全国甲卷·D篇）Whoisagenius?Thisquestionhasgreatlyinterestedhumankindforcenturies.Let'sstateclearly:Einsteinwasagenius.Hisfaceisalmosttheinternationalsymbolforgenius.Butwewanttogobeyondonemanandexplorethenatureofgeniusitself.Whyisitthatsomepeoplearesomuchmoreintelligentorcreativethantherestofus?Andwhoarethey?Inthesciencesandarts,thosepraisedasgeniusesweremostoftenwhitemen,ofEuropeanorigin.Perhapsthisisnotasurprise.It'ssaidthathistoryiswrittenbythevictors,andthosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub—women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief—theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.AstudyrecentlypublishedbySciencefoundthatasyoungasagesix,girlsarelesslikelythanboystosaythatmembersoftheirgender（性别）are"really,reallysmart."Evenworse,thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief:Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare"really,reallysmart."Canourplanetaffordtohaveanygreatthinkersbecomediscouragedandgiveup?Itdoesn'ttakeageniustoknowtheanswer:absolutelynot.Here'sthegoodnews.Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we'reallpositionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.Andthemorewelook,themorewewillseethatsocialfactors（因素）likegender,race,andclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.Asawritersays,future-36-,geniusescomefromthosewith“intelligence,creativity,perseverance（毅力）,andsimplegoodfortune,whoareabletochangetheworld."1.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofvictors'standardsforjoiningthegeniusclub?A.They'reunfair.B.They'reconservative.C.They'reobjective.D.They'restrict.2.WhatcanweinferaboutgirlsfromthestudyinScience?A.Theythinkthemselvessmart.B.Theylookuptogreatthinkers.C.Theyseegenderdifferencesearlierthanboys.D.Theyarelikelytobeinfluencedbysocialbeliefs.3.Whyaremoregeniusesknowntothepublic?A.Improvedglobalcommunication.B.Lessdiscriminationagainstwomen.C.Acceptanceofvictors'concepts.D.Changesinpeople'ssocialpositions.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.GeniusesThinkAlikeB.GeniusTakesManyFormsC.GeniusandIntelligenceD.GeniusandLuck【答案】ADAB【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了天才的实质，批评了天才种族轮和性别轮，并指出其危害。1.推理判断题。根据题干"victors'standardsforjoiningthegeniusclub"定位到第二段It'ssaidthathistoryiswrittenbythevictors,andthosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub—women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief—theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.-36-,据说历史是由胜利者书写的，而这些胜利者为天才俱乐部设定了准入标准。当俱乐部外的天才——女性、不同肤色或信仰的人——做出贡献时，他们得不到认可，也会被其他人拒绝），据此可以推断出作者认为胜利者的标准是不公平的，所以选A项。2.推理判断题。根据题干girlsfromthestudyinScience定位到第三段AstudyrecentlypublishedbySciencefoundthatasyoungasagesix,girlsarelesslikelythanboystosaythatmembersoftheirgender（性别）are"really,reallysmart."Evenworse,thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief:Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare"really,reallysmart."《科学》杂志最近发表的一项研究发现，在6岁时，女孩比男孩更不可能说出自己性别的成员，更糟糕的是，研究发现女孩们的行为都是基于这样的信念：在六岁左右，她们开始避免从事那些所谓"非常聪明"的孩子们的活动）。据此可推知女孩有可能被社会错误信念所影响，故选D项。3.细节理解题。根据题干"moregeniusesknowntothepublic"定位最后一段Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we'reallpositionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear在一个全球互联世界里，我们都能看到天才的出现，无论它们出现在哪里，可知更多的天才被公众所知道的原因在于改善的全球通信，故选A项。4.主旨大意题。A项（天才的想法相同）文章没有涉及；C项（天才和智力）只是文章的一个细节不能作为文章的主旨；D项（天才和运气）也只是在文章的最后稍微提起，也只是文章的一个小细节。根据文章的最后一句Asawritersays,futuregeniusescomefromthosewith"intelligence,creativity,perseverance（毅力）,andsimplegoodfortune,whoareabletochangetheworld.”正如一位作家所说，未来的天才来自那些具有"智慧、创造力和毅力"的人和简单的好运，那些能改变世界的人。纵观全文可知，天成具有多样性，故选B项。（2021·全国乙卷·B篇）Whenalmosteveryonehasamobilephone,whyaremorethanhalfofAustralianhomesstillpayingforalandline（座机）?Thesedaysyou'dbehardpressedtofindanyoneinAustraliaovertheageof15whodoesn'townamobilephone.Infactplentyofyoungerkidshaveoneintheirpocket.Practicallyeveryonecanmakeandreceivecallsanywhere,anytime.-36-,Still,55percentofAustralianshavealandlinephoneathomeandonlyjustoveraquarter(29%)relyonlyontheirsmartphones,accordingtoasurvey（调查）.OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline,athird concede thatit'snotreallynecessaryandthey'rekeepingitasasecurityblanket—19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseofemergencies.Ithinkmyhomefallsintothatcategory.MorethanhalfofAustralianhomesarestillchoosingtostickwiththeirhomephone.Ageisnaturallyafactor（因素）—only58percentofGenerationYsstilluselandlinesnowandthen,comparedto84percentofBabyBoomerswho'veperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years.Ageisn'ttheonlyfactor; I'dsayit'salsotodowiththemakeupofyourhousehold.GenerationXerswithyoungfamilies,likemywifeandI,canstillfinditconvenienttohaveahomephoneratherthanprovidingamobilephoneforeveryfamilymember.Thatsaid,tobehonesttheonlypeoplewhoeverringourhomephoneareourBabyBoomersparents,tothepointwhereweplayagameandguesswhoiscallingbeforewepickupthephone(usingCallerIDwouldtakethefunoutofit).Howattachedareyoutoyourlandline?Howlonguntiltheygothewayofgasstreetlampsandmorningmilkdeliveries?1.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutmobilephones?A.Theirtargetusers.B.Theirwidepopularity.C.Theirmajorfunctions.D.Theircomplexdesign.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword "concede" inparagraph3mean?A.Admit.B.Argue.C.Remember.D.Remark.3.WhatcanwesayaboutBabyBoomers?A.Theylikesmartphonegames.B.Theyenjoyguessingcallers'identity.-36-,C.Theykeepusinglandlinephones.D.Theyareattachedtotheirfamily.4.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthelandlinefromthelastparagraph?A.Itremainsafamilynecessity.B.Itwillfalloutofusesomeday.C.Itmayincreasedailyexpenses.D.Itisasimportantasthegaslight.【答案】BACB【解析】本文是一篇说明文。当今世界上几乎所有人都有手机，但一半以上澳大利亚家庭仍然拥有座机，本文说明了出现这一现象的原因。1.主旨大意题。根据题干信息paragraph2，定位到文章第二段。分析可知，该段主要说明手机在澳大利亚的使用率非常高，手机使用十分普及。故选B。2.词义猜测题。根据题干信息concede，定位到第三段Still,55percentofAustralianshavealandlinephoneathome…OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline,athirdconcedethatit'snotreallynecessary…。分析可知，虽然55%的人的家中都还有座机，但他们中的三分之一的人认为座机其实并不十分必要。由此我们可以推测，这些人在说it'snotnecessary的时候是在承认这件事。故选A。3.细节理解题。根据题干信息BabyBoomers，定位到第四段Ageisnaturallyafactor（因素）— only58percentofGenerationYsstilluselandlinesnowandthen,comparedto84percentofBabyBoomerswho'veperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years.分析可知，84%的BabyBoomers仍用座机，而且他们可能已经用同一个座机号码50年了。由此可知，BabyBoomers仍在用座机。故选C。4.推理判断题。根据题干信息lastparagraph，定位到原文最后一段Howlonguntiltheygothewayofgasstreetlampsandmorningmilkdeliveries?。分析可知，煤气路灯和早晨送牛奶服务都离我们现在的生活比较久远，它们基本已经消失了。作者发出疑问：多久以后座机会走上煤气路灯、早晨送牛奶服务的老路呢？因此可以推测，座机有一天也会消失。选项B中的falloutofuse意为开始不用、渐渐废弃，符合文意。故选B。（2021·全国乙卷·C篇）-36-,You'veheardthatplasticispollutingtheocean—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuiltapiececalled "Strawpocalypse,"apairof10-foot-tallplasticwaves,frozenmid-crash.Madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfromseveralvolunteerbeachcleanups,thesculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshoppingcenterinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource（来源）ofplasticpollution,butthey'verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon'tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.Everystrawthat'spartofVonWong'sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate（说明）aspecificstatistic:Every60seconds,atruckload'sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled "TruckloadofPlastic," VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey'dbeendumped（倾倒）fromatruckallatonce.VonWonghopesthathisworkwillalsohelppressurebigcompaniestoreducetheirplasticfootprint.1.WhatareVonWong'sartworksintendedfor?A.Beautifyingthecityhelivesin.B.Introducingeco-friendlyproducts.C.Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste.D.Reducinggarbageonthebeach.2.Whydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinparagraph3?-36-,A.Toshowthedifficultyoftheirrecycling.B.Toexplainwhytheyareuseful.C.Tovoicehisviewsonmodernart.D.Tofindasubstituteforthem.3.Whateffectwould "TruckloadofPlastic" haveonviewers?A.Calming.B.Disturbing.C.Refreshing.D.Challenging.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Artists' OpinionsonPlasticSafetyB.MediaInterestinContemporaryArtC.ResponsibilityDemandedofBigCompaniesD.OceanPlasticsTransformedintoSculptures【答案】CABD【解析】本文为说明文。讲述了艺术家BenjaminVonWong用回收到的废旧吸管创作艺术作品“吸管末日”，目的是提醒人们警惕所生产、消费的塑料垃圾，以及提高人们对改善环境问题的参与意识。1.细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可知，该艺术家创作的初衷是督促公众重新审视与一次性塑料制品的关系。故选C。2.推理判断题。第三段作者阐述了吸管由于体积小，重量轻，很难回收。故选A。3.推理判断题。根据首段… forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshipto… 及尾段… willalsohelppressurebigcompaniestoreducetheirplasticfootprint… 可知，原文中的VonWong希望让人们可以重新审视他们对于塑料制品的处理方式。B选项Disturbing的意思为 "令人不安的,引起恐慌的" ，符合文意。故选B。4.主旨大意题。本文围绕环保话题，介绍了一位叫本杰明的艺术家，试图用塑料垃圾创作雕塑作品，唤起公众对塑料垃圾的重视。故选D。（2021·全国乙卷·D篇）Duringaninterviewforoneofmybooks,myinterviewersaidsomethingIstillthinkaboutoften.Annoyedbythelevelofdistraction（干扰）inhisopenoffice,hesaid,"That'swhyIhaveamembershipatthecoworkingspaceacross-36-,thestreet—soIcanfocus."Hiscommentstruckmeasstrange.Afterall,coworkingspacesalsotypicallyuseanopenofficelayout（布局）.ButIrecentlycameacrossastudythatshowswhyhisapproachworks.Theresearchersexaminedvariouslevelsofnoiseonparticipantsastheycompletedtestsofcreativethinking.Theywererandomlydividedintofourgroupsandexposedtovariousnoiselevelsinthebackground,fromtotalsilenceto50decibels（分贝）,70decibels,and85decibels.Thedifferencesbetweenmostofthegroupswerestatisticallyinsignificant;however,theparticipantsinthe70decibelsgroup—thoseexposedtoalevelofnoisesimilartobackgroundchatterinacoffeeshop—significantlyoutperformedtheothergroups.Sincetheeffectsweresmall,thismaysuggestthatourcreativethinkingdoesnotdifferthatmuchinresponsetototalsilenceand85decibelsofbackgroundnoise.Butsincetheresultsat70decibelsweresignificant,thestudyalsosuggeststhattherightlevelofbackgroundnoise—nottooloudandnottotalsilence—mayactuallyimproveone'screativethinkingability.Therightlevelofbackgroundnoisemayinterruptournormalpatternsofthinkingjustenoughtoallowourimaginationstowander,withoutmakingitimpossibletofocus.Thiskindof"distractedfocus"appearstobethebeststateforworkingoncreativetasks.Sowhydosomanyofushateouropenoffices?Theproblemmaybethat,inouroffices,wecan'tstopourselvesfromgettingdrawnintoothers'conversationswhilewe'retryingtofocus.Indeed,theresearchersfoundthatface-to-faceinteractionsandconversationsaffectthecreativeprocess,andyetacoworkingspaceoracoffeeshopprovidesacertainlevelofnoisewhilealsoprovidingfreedomfrominterruptions.1.Whydoestheinterviewerpreferacoworkingspace?A.Ithelpshimconcentrate.B.Itblocksoutbackgroundnoise.C.Ithasapleasantatmosphere.-36-,D.Itencouragesface-to-faceinteractions.2.Whichlevelofbackgroundnoisemaypromotecreativethinkingability?A.Totalsilence.B.50decibels.C.70decibels.D.85decibels.3.Whatmakesanopenofficeunwelcometomanypeople?A.Personalprivacyunprotected.B.Limitedworkingspace.C.Restrictionsongroupdiscussion.D.Constantinterruptions.4.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?A.He'sanewsreporter.B.He'sanofficemanager.C.He'saprofessionaldesigner.D.He'sapublishedwriter.【答案】ACDD【解析】本文是一篇说明文，通过实验数据分析了过分办公室噪音对于办公效率的影响，但合伙办公有利于集中注意力，适量的声音有利于创新思维。1.细节理解题。由第一段第二句"… soIcanfocus"可知，采访者喜欢在公用工作场所办公，是因为他可以集中精力。故选A。2.细节理解题。由第二段"theparticipantsinthe70decibelsgroup… significantlyoutperformedtheothergroups"可知，在70分贝下采访者的表现最优，说明该环境可以改善创造性思维能力。故选C。3.推理判断题。由最后一段第二句"… can'tstopourselvesfromgettingdrawnintoother'sconversationswhilewe'retryingtofocus"可知，开放式办公环境中，经常有其他事情分散人们的注意力。故选D。4.推理判断题。由第一段第一句可知，作者在为自己的书接受采访，可推断他是作家。故选D。（2021·浙江卷·C篇）-36-,Ifyouevergettheimpressionthatyourdogcan "tell"whetheryoulookcontentorannoyed,youmaybeontosomething.Dogsmayindeedbeabletodistinguishbetweenhappyandangryhumanfaces,accordingtoanewstudy.Researcherstrainedagroupof11dogstodistinguishbetweenimages（图像）ofthesamepersonmakingeitherahappyoranangryface.Duringthetrainingstage,eachdogwasshownonlytheupperhalforthelowerhalfoftheperson'sface.Theresearchersthentestedthedogs'abilitytodistinguishbetweenhumanfacialexpressionsbyshowingthemtheotherhalfoftheperson'sfaceorimagestotallydifferentfromtheonesusedintraining.Theresearchersfoundthatthedogswereabletopicktheangryorhappyfacebytouchingapictureofitwiththeirnosesmoreoftenthanonewouldexpectbyrandomchance.Thestudyshowedtheanimalshadfiguredouthowtoapplywhattheylearnedabouthumanfacesduringtrainingtonewfacesinthetestingstage."Wecanruleoutthatthedogssimplydistinguishhetweenthepicturesbusedonasimplecue,suchasthesightofteeth,"saidstudyanthorCorsinMuller. "Instead,ourresultssuggestthatthesurcessfuldogsrealizedthatasmilingmouthmeansthesamethingassmilingeyes,andthesameruleappliestoanangrymouthhavingthesamemeaningasangryeyes.""Withourstudy,wethinkwecannowconfidentlyconcludethatatleastsomedogscandistinguishhumanfacialexpressions,"Mullertold LiveScience.Atthispoint,itisnotclearwhydogsseemtobeequippedwiththeabilitytorecognizedifferentfacialexpressionsinhumans."Tous,themostlikelyexplanationappearstobethatthebasisliesintheirlivingwithhumans,whichgivesthemalotofexposuretohumanfacialexpressions,” andthisexposurehasprovidedthemwithmanychancestolearntodistinguishbetweenthem,Mullersaid.1.Thenewstudyfocusedonwhetherdogscan           .A.distinguishshapesB.makesenseofhumanfaces-36-,C.feelhappyorangryD.communicatewitheachother2.Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudyfromparagraph2?A.Researcherstestedthedogsinrandomorder.B.Diversemethodswereadoptedduringtraining.C.Picturesusedinthetwostagesweredifferent.D.Thedogswerephotographedbeforethetest.3.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Asuggestionforfuturestudies.B.Apossiblereasonforthestudyfindings.C.Amajorlimitationofthestudy.D.Anexplanationoftheresearchmethod.【答案】BCB【解析】本文是一篇科普类说明文，实验研究表明，狗能够辨别人类的不同的面部的高兴还是愤怒表情。1.细节理解题。根据第一段第二句"Dogsmayindeedbeabletodistinguishbetweenhappyandangryhumanfaces,accordingtoanewstudy."可知，狗能够分辨开心的表情和不开心的表情，故选B。2.推断题。根据第二段第三句"Theresearchersthentestedthedogs'abilitytodistinguishbetweenhumanfacialexpressionsbyshowingthemtheotherhalfoftheperson'sfaceorimagestotallydifferentfromtheonesusedintraining."可知，训练时和测试时使用的人脸照片完全不同，故选C。3.主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段可知，狗为何能够识别人的表情的原因不明，紧接着给出了最可能的解释：可能是狗长期与人类生活，所以练就了识别人类表情的能力，故选B。II、2021年高考模拟试题（2021·诸暨市5月模拟·阅读理解B篇）Thegreatthingaboutlibrariesisthattheyhousealltypesofbooks---frommysteriestobiographyanddramas---allinonelocation.Thebadthingaboutlibrariesisthattheyhousealltypesofbooksinonelocation,andifit’salocationyou-36-,cannotgetto,youareoutofluck.Now,mobilelibrarysolutionsareappearingquicklyaroundthecountrytobringbookstopeoplewhoneedthem.Afewyearsago,whentheLittleFreeLibrariesMovementkickedoff,morepeopleofallagescouldhaveaccesstobooks.Now,morethan1,5000freebookstandscanbefoundacrosstheglobe,bringingbookstounexpectedplaces.Butmanyfolksaresimplynotinapositiontogettotheplaceswherethebooksare.Bookmobilebusesareagoodsolution,buttheycanbeexpensivetofundandtooperate.BooksonBikesprogramsarepoppingupinareaswherethereisastrongbikeculture,insomeregionslikeSeattle,orastrongneedtobringbookstothemasses,forexample,inSanFrancisco.TheSeattlePublicLibrary’sBooksonBikeprogramconsistsofthreebike/trailercombos(组合)thatlibrariansbringtocommunityevents.ThetrailersareevenWi-Fienabledsothatvisitorscansignupforalibrarycardandbrowse(浏览)thelibrary’scardcatalogueonthespot.“Seattlehasareallystrongbikeculturesowewanttotapintothatandprovidefullservicelibraryprogramsbutdoitinawaythatisquickandsmart,”librarianJaredMillssaidinaninterview.SanFrancisco’sprogram,calledBibliobicicleta,waslaunchedin2013bylibrarianAliciaTapia.Hertrailercanholdabout100booksandattractsreadersofallagesandincomelevels.It’sanindependent,donation-basedlibrary---likeaLittleFreeLibrary,butonwheels.Whenaskedwhyshewouldstartafreelibraryonabike,Tapiaanswers,“Whynot?Bikesarecool,andcangoanywhere.”1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Freelibrariesonbikes.B.Uniquebicyclecultures.C.Popularonlinelibraries.D.Variouslibrarymovements.2.Theunderlinedwordsinparagraph5areclosestinmeaningto______.A.comeupwithB.stayintouchwithC.keeppacewithD.take-36-,advantageof3.WhatdidTapiathinkoftheprogram?A.Environment-friendly.B.Practical.C.Controversial.D.Profitable.【答案】ADB【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了新型的自行车图书馆。和传统的图书馆相比，自行车图书馆灵活机动且成本低廉，对读者也很有吸引力。1.主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Now,mobilelibrarysolutionsareappearingquicklyaroundthecountrytobringbookstopeoplewhoneedthem.(现在，移动图书馆的解决方案正迅速出现在全国各地，以将书籍带给需要书籍的人)”和第三段的“BooksonBikesprogramsarepoppingupinareaswherethereisastrongbikeculture,insomeregionslikeSeattle,orastrongneedtobringbookstothemasses,forexample,inSanFrancisco.(关于自行车项目的书籍出现在有强烈自行车文化的地区，比如西雅图，或者强烈需要把书籍带给大众的地区，例如在旧金山)”结合全文内容可推断，文章主要讲述了新型的自行车免费图书馆，灵活机动，成本低廉，故选A项。2.词句猜测题。上文“Seattlehasareallystrongbikeculture”说明西雅图有很强自行车文化，结合下文“providefullservicelibraryprogramsbutdoitinawaythatisquickandsmart(提供全面服务的图书馆项目，但是用快速且明智的方法)”以及so和that（指代上文提到的西雅图强大的自行车文化）可推断，此处说的是：西雅图有强大的自行车文化，所以我们想要利用这个文化，以一种快速和聪明的方式提供全面服务的图书馆项目。故划线短语“tapinto”表示“利用”，与D项意思相近，故选D。3.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whenaskedwhyshewouldstartafreelibraryonabike,Tapiaanswers,“Whynot?Bikesarecool,andcangoanywhere.”(当被问到为什么她会推出自行车上的免费图书馆时，塔皮娅回答说：‘为什么不呢？自行车很酷，可以去任何地方。’)”可推断出，Tapia认为自行车图书馆非常方便实用。故选B。（2021·诸暨市5月模拟·阅读理解C篇）Morethanoneinfivespeciesofmapletreesfacesextinction,ashockingnewreporthasrevealed.Thetreesareexperiencingavastdeclineinhabitat,duetourbandevelopment,-36-,timberharvesting,andagriculturalexpansion.“Timeisrunningoutfortheworld’sbiodiversity,”saidDouglasJustice,associatedirectorattheUniversityofBritishColumbiaBotanicalGarden.“Everyrecentsurveyofplantsandanimalsinthewildpointstothis.”Hecontinued,“Thisishappeningnearlyeverywherethatrarermaplesexist.Andbecauseofclimatechange,thenarrowhabitatsthatsupportspeciesatthetopsofmountainsarequicklydisappearing.”Thetreescanbefoundinsub-tropicalandtropicalregions,asfarsouthasIndonesia.TheonlyspeciesfoundintheUK,thefieldmapleisnotunderthreat.Notonlyarethetreesapopularornamentalfeatureinparksandpublicspaces,butalsotheyareakeypartofthenaturalecosysteminwoodlands,aswellasbeinganimportanttimbercropinseveralcountries.Chinaishometothelargestproportionofmapleswith92species.Ithasseenanumberoftreesbecomeendangeredduetourbanexpansion.Some14ofthe23mapletreesatriskofextinctioninthecountryareonlyfoundinChinaandhavesmallpopulationsandlimitedgeographicalranges.“Westillhaveanopportunitytosavespeciesfromdisappearance,butitwilltakeexpertise,resourcesandthecooperativeeffortsbytheworld’sbotanicalgardenstomakeitwork,”Justiceadded.OnespeciesinMexico,theAcerbinzayedii,isin“desperateneedofconversation”despiteonlybeingdiscoveredin2017.“Itisatriskfromclimatechangeinitscloudforesthabitatandthreatenedbygrazing,logging,andforestfires,”thereportadds.Thereportrecommendsdevelopingconversationplans,monitoringspeciescurrentlynotatrisktoensurepopulationsaremaintained,andaddingthosemissingmaplespeciestoseedbanksandthelike.BGCI(BotanicGardensConversationInternational)isnowestablishingaconversationprogramtoaddresstheconservationneedsofmaplespecies.Maplespecialistswillworktogethertodevelopcomprehensivestrategiestomanageanddeliverconservationactionpointsforthespecies.1.Whatisthemajorreasonformapletrees’extinction?A.Alackofscientificresearch.B.Therarityofthenewspecies.C.Thelossesoftheirhabitats.D.Problemswiththedistribution.-36-,2.What’sJustice’sattitudetosavingmapletrees?A.Hopeful.B.Skeptical.C.Reserved.D.Negative.3.Whatarethelasttwoparagraphsintendedtotellus?A.Thereisnoguaranteeofmaintainingthetreepopulations.B.Itcanneverbetoolatetojoinhandstoprotectthespecies.C.Allmapletreesofthespeciesareontheedgeofextinction.D.Effectivemeasuresshouldbetakentoconservemapletrees4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.Timeisrunningoutformapletrees.B.Mapletreesarevitaltotheecosystem.C.Mapletreeswillstandtallinnature.D.Climatechangeputsmapletreesatrisk.【答案】CADA【解析】这是一篇说明文。一份新报告显示超过五分之一的枫树物种面临灭绝，文章还说明了导致其灭绝的原因，枫树的重要性以及提出的一些保护枫树的有效措施。1.细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thetreesareexperiencingavastdeclineinhabitat,duetourbandevelopment,timberharvesting,andagriculturalexpansion.(由于城市发展、木材采伐和农业扩张，这些树木的栖息地正在急剧减少)”以及“Andbecauseofclimatechange,thenarrowhabitatsthatsupportspeciesatthetopsofmountainsarequicklydisappearing.(由于气候变化，山顶上支持物种生存的狭窄栖息地正在迅速消失)”可知，失去栖息地是枫树灭绝的主要原因。故选C。2.推理判断题。根据第四段中““Westillhaveanopportunitytosavespeciesfromdisappearance,butitwilltakeexpertise,resourcesandthecooperativeeffortsbytheworld’sbotanicalgardenstomakeitwork,”Justiceadded.(Justice补充说：“我们仍然有机会拯救这一物种，使其免于消失，但这需要专业知识、资源和世界植物园的合作努力”)”可知，Justice认为拯救枫树充满希望。故选A。3.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““Itisatriskfromclimatechangeinitscloudforesthabitatandthreatenedbygrazing,logging,andforestfires,”thereportadds.Thereportrecommendsdevelopingconversationplans,monitoringspeciescurrentlynot-36-,atrisktoensurepopulationsaremaintained,andaddingthosemissingmaplespeciestoseedbanksandthelike.(报告补充说：“它的云森林栖息地面临气候变化的威胁，并受到放牧、伐木和森林火灾的威胁。”该报告建议制定对话计划，监测目前没有濒危物种以确保种群数量得到维持，并将那些失踪的枫树物种加入种子库等)”以及最后一段“BGCI(BotanicGardensConversationInternational)isnowestablishingaconversationprogramtoaddresstheconservationneedsofmaplespecies.Maplespecialistswillworktogethertodevelopcomprehensivestrategiestomanageanddeliverconservationactionpointsforthespecies.(BGCI(国际植物园对话)正在建立一个对话项目，以解决枫树物种的保护需求。枫树专家将共同制定全面的策略来管理和提供保护枫树的行动点)”可知，最后两段想告诉我们应该采取有效措施保护枫树。故选D。4.主旨大意题。根据第一段“Morethanoneinfivespeciesofmapletreesfacesextinction,ashockingnewreporthasrevealed.(一份令人震惊的新报告揭示，超过五分之一的枫树物种面临灭绝)”以及第二段中“Thetreesareexperiencingavastdeclineinhabitat,duetourbandevelopment,timberharvesting,andagriculturalexpansion.“Timeisrunningoutfortheworld’sbiodiversity,”saidDouglasJustice,associatedirectorattheUniversityofBritishColumbiaBotanicalGarden.(由于城市发展、木材采伐和农业扩张，这些树木的栖息地正在急剧减少。“留给世界生物多样性的时间不多了，”英属哥伦比亚大学植物园副主任DouglasJustice说)”结合文章还说明了导致其灭绝的原因，枫树的重要性以及提出的一些保护枫树的有效措施。可知，A选项“枫树的时间不多了”最符合文章标题。故选A。（2021·成都三诊·阅读理解C篇）AnewresearchaddedbraindegradationsuchasAlzheimer(阿尔兹海默症）tothegrowinglistofeffectsoffineparticles(微粒）.Astudyof63millionadultsolderthan65intheUnitedStatesshowedthatfrom2000to2016,first-timehospitaladmissionsforAlzheimer'sdisease,andrelateddiseasesroseby13percentwithevery5-microgram(percubicmeterofair)increaseinannualconcentrationsofPM2.5.Suchparticlesareproducedmainlyduringtheburningoffossilfuels,especiallycoalandoil.Theriskremainedhighevenatconcentrationsbelow12microgramspercubicmeter,aleveltheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencycurrentlyconsiders-36-,safe.“Ourstudybuildsonthesmallbutclearevidenceindicatingthatlong-termPM2.5exposuresareassociatedwithanincreasedriskofworseningbrainhealth,evenatPM2.5concentrationswellbelowthecurrentnationalstandards,”saidXiaoWu,adoctoralstudentinHarvard.AntonellaZanobetti,aco-authorofthestudy,saidthenewresearchresultsshowthatcurrentU.S.regulationsareinadequatetoprotecttheagingAmericanpopulation,“highlightingtheneedforstricterstandardsandpoliciesthathelpfurtherreducePM2.5concentrationsandimproveairqualityoverall”。Women,whitepeople,andurbanpopulations,particularlyintheNortheast,wereparticularlyatrisk,theresearchshowed.Theresearchersfiguredthattheincreasedeffectsonurbanpopulationsmightbeduetothe“abundanceofmetal-bearingparticlesintheurbanatmosphere,whichhaveverysmallersizeandcanaccessthebraindirectly”.Theyowetheincreasedrisktowomenandwhitepeopletolongerlife,whichmeanstheprobabilityofdeathfromothercausesbeforedevelopingAlzheimerishigherinmenandnonwhites.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutthenewresearchinParagraph1?A.ItprovedPM2.5wascausedbyfossilfuel.B.Itaimedatimprovingtheelders'brainhealth.C.ItshowedAlzheimerwaslinkedtoairpollution.D.ItfocusedontheeffectofPM2.5onenvironment.2.Whatistheresearchers'attitudetowardsthecurrentU.S.PM2.5nationalstandards?A.Supportive.B.Disapproving.C.Cautious.D.Ambiguous.3.Whydowomenandwhitepeoplehavehigherriskofbrainhealthproblems?A.Theymainlyliveincities.B.Theyareinmuchworsecondition.C.TheyareaffectedbyPM2.5moreeasily.D.Theylivelongerthanmenandnonwhites.-36-,4.What'sthepurposeofthetext?A.Topresentfindingsofanewresearch.B.Tocallonustoprotecttheenvironment.C.ToanalyzevariousreasonsforAlzheimer.D.Todrawourattentiontotheelders'health.【答案】CBDA【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章展示了一项对阿尔兹海默症的新的研究的几个发现。1.细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“AnewresearchaddedbraindegradationsuchasAlzheimer(阿尔兹海默症）tothegrowinglistofeffectsoffineparticles(微粒）．”（一项新的研究将阿尔茨海默氏症等大脑退化列入了不断增加的细颗粒影响名单。）和第二句“Astudyof63millionadultsolderthan65intheUnitedStatesshowedthatfrom2000to2016,first-timehospitaladmissionsforAlzheimer'sdisease,andrelateddiseasesroseby13percentwithevery5-microgram(percubicmeterofair)increaseinannualconcentrationsofPM2.5.”（一项针对美国6300万65岁以上成年人的研究显示，从2000年到2016年，pm2.5的年浓度每增加5微克(每立方米空气)，首次因阿尔茨海默氏症和相关疾病住院的人数就增加了13%。）可知，研究表明阿尔茨海默病与空气污染有关。故选C。2.观点态度题。根据第二段中的“Ourstudybuildsonthesmallbutclearevidenceindicatingthatlong-termPM2.5exposuresareassociatedwithanincreasedriskofworseningbrainhealth,evenatPM2.5concentrationswellbelowthecurrentnationalstandards”（我们的研究建立在少量但明确的证据之上，这些证据表明，即使PM2.5浓度远低于当前的国家标准，长期接触PM2.5也会增加大脑健康恶化的风险）可知，研究者对美国目前的PM2.5国家标准并不赞同。故选B。3.细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“Theyowetheincreasedrisktowomenandwhitepeopletolongerlife,whichmeanstheprobabilityofdeathfromothercausesbeforedevelopingAlzheimerishigherinmenandnonwhites.”（女性和白人患病风险增加的原因是寿命延长，这意味着男性和非白人在患老年痴呆症之前死于其他原因的概率更高。）可知，因为女性和白人的寿命比男人和非白人更长，所以他们更容易患老年痴呆症。故选D。4.目的意图题。根据第一段第一句“AnewresearchaddedbraindegradationsuchasAlzheimer(阿尔兹海默症）tothegrowinglistofeffectsoffine-36-,particles(微粒）．”（一项新的研究将阿尔茨海默氏症等大脑退化列入了不断增加的细颗粒影响名单。）和第二句“Astudyof63millionadultsolderthan65intheUnitedStatesshowedthatfrom2000to2016,first-timehospitaladmissionsforAlzheimer'sdisease,andrelateddiseasesroseby13percentwithevery5-microgram(percubicmeterofair)increaseinannualconcentrationsofPM2.5.”（一项针对美国6300万65岁以上成年人的研究显示，从2000年到2016年，pm2.5的年浓度每增加5微克(每立方米空气)，首次因阿尔茨海默氏症和相关疾病住院的人数就增加了13%。），第三段第一句“AntonellaZanobetti,aco-authorofthestudy,saidthenewresearchresultsshowthatcurrentU.S.regulationsareinadequatetoprotecttheagingAmericanpopulation”（这项研究的合著者AntonellaZanobetti说，新的研究结果表明，目前的美国法规不足以保护老龄化的美国人口）和第四段第一句“Women,whitepeople,andurbanpopulations,particularlyintheNortheast,wereparticularlyatrisk,theresearchshowed.”（研究显示，女性、白人和城市人口，尤其是东北部地区的人口，面临的风险尤其大。）可知，文章主要是为了展示新的研究的发现。故选A。（2021·成都三诊·阅读理解D篇）Inthepastfewdecades,greatprogresshasbeenmadeinthefieldofspaceexploration,whichhasenabledmankindtohaveadeeperunderstandingoftheSolarSystem,ourplaceinitandintheuniverse.“Wesentprobes(探测器)toeveryplanetintheSolarSystem.Thisisbyfarthebestone,”saidClayton,vicepresidentofBlueOrigin.“Let'sfocusrightnowonprotectingtheEarthenvironment,andthenwe'llgofromthere.Spacescienceandtechnologyshouldbepeople-centricandapplication-centric,andfocusonimprovinghumanlife.WeneedtohaveastrongfootingontheEarth,learntosolvetheday-to-dayproblemsofthesociety.”“Spacetechnologycanhelpachievethe17sustainabledevelopmentgoalstobeachievedby2030setbytheUnitedNations.Satellitemonitoringcanreallyhelpwithagriculture.”saidVictoria,CEOofacompanyworkingonsustainabledevelopment,“ThroughGlobalNavigationSatelliteSystem,animals'movementinformationrecordedonself-rechargingdevicescanbetransmittedtothecompanyserver.Farmerscanbealertedinrealtimeifanomalies(异常现象）aredetected.Wecanuseittoensure-36-,thetraceabilityoftheentiremeatchain.Asaresult,itenablesconsumerstoknowthatthebeeftheyareeatingdoesnotcomefromprotectedareasorthecattledon'tcontributetodeforestation.”Asearlyas2007,MichaelGriffin,formerAdministratorofNASA,putforwardtheconceptofthe“spaceeconomy”inaspeech.Heisveryoptimisticaboutthemarketprospectofcommercialspaceandsaid,“Accordingtothelatestdata,theglobalspaceindustrycouldreach$1trillionin2040,upfrom$378billioncurrently.Ibelievemorebusinessmodelsandspaceactivitieswillbecreatedinthefuturetoachievetheeconomicscaleof$1trillion.”Asanentrepreneur(创业者）herself,Victoriathinksthethrivingspacemarketwillbringcountlessopportunitiesforentrepreneurs.ShementionedfuturesettlementsonMarsorontheMoon.“IfwearegoingtodevelopanewsocietyoutsidetheEarth,wewillneedalltypesofapplicationsandalltypesofstartups.ButcomingbacktotheEarth,therearesomanyproblemsthatneedtobesolved,andspacetechnologycanreallyhelpwiththat.”1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”inParagraph1referto?A.Asuccessfulspaceexploration.B.Aprobesenttootherplanets.C.Theplanetpeoplearelivingonnow.D.Thesolarsystempeopleareexploring.2.InClayton'sopinion,whatshouldbethefirstconcernaboutspacetechnology?A.Providingmorefinancialsupport.B.Improvingpeople'slifeonearth.C.Sendingmoreprobesintheuniverse.D.Thedevelopmentofrelatedtechnology.3.HowdoesVictoriasupportherstatementaboutsatellitemonitoringinParagraph2?A.Bymakingreasoning.B.Byprovidingaccuratefigures.C.Bymakingcomparison.-36-,D.Byillustratingfromdifferentaspects.4.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Necessitiesofspaceexploration.B.Breakthroughsinspaceexploration.C.Possibleapplicationofspacetechnology.D.Controversialissuesaboutspacetechnology.【答案】CBDC【解析】这是一篇说明文，在过去的几十年里，空间探索领域取得了巨大的进展，空间技术也会在各个领域起到很大的作用。1.指代猜测题。根据第一段第四句“Let'sfocusrightnowonprotectingtheEarthenvironment,andthenwe'llgofromthere.”（让我们现在关注保护地球环境，然后我们会从那里开始。）可知，此处是指地球是目前为止最好的一个，所以我们要保护地球环境。所以this是指我们现在所居住的星球。故选C。2.细节理解题。根据第一段第五句“Spacescienceandtechnologyshouldbepeople-centricandapplication-centric,andfocusonimprovinghumanlife.”（空间科学技术要坚持以人为本、以应用为中心，以改善人类生活为中心。）可知，在克莱顿看来，空间技术应该首先关注改善人类生活。故选B。3.推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Spacetechnologycanhelpachievethe17sustainabledevelopmentgoalstobeachievedby2030setbytheUnitedNations.”（空间技术可以帮助实现联合国设定的到2030年要实现的17个可持续发展目标。）可知，Victoria认为空间技术可以帮助实现联合国设定的到2030年要实现的17个可持续发展目标。根据第二段第二句“Satellitemonitoringcanreallyhelpwithagriculture.”（卫星监测真的可以帮助农业。）和最后一句“Asaresult,itenablesconsumerstoknowthatthebeeftheyareeatingdoesnotcomefromprotectedareasorthecattledon'tcontributetodeforestation.”（因此，它使消费者知道他们吃的牛肉不是来自保护区，或者牛没有促进森林砍伐。）可知，Victoria通过说明卫星监测帮助农业和环保方面来佐证自己的观点。故选D。4.主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句“Spacetechnologycanhelpachievethe17sustainabledevelopmentgoalstobeachievedby2030setbytheUnitedNations.”（空间技术可以帮助实现联合国设定的到2030年要实现的17个可持续发展目标。），第三段第一句Asearlyas-36-,2007,MichaelGriffin,formerAdministratorofNASA,putforwardtheconceptofthe“spaceeconomy”inaspeech.（早在2007年，美国国家航空航天局前局长MichaelGriffin就在一次演讲中提出了“空间经济”的概念。）；第四段第一句“Asanentrepreneur(创业者）herself,Victoriathinksthethrivingspacemarketwillbringcountlessopportunitiesforentrepreneurs.”（作为一名企业家，维多利亚认为蓬勃发展的太空市场将为企业家带来无数的机会。）可知，文章主要是讲太空技术可能的应用。故选C。（2021·台州市4月调考·阅读理解B篇）Ayounggirl,whoenjoysbeingthecenterofattention,mayactoutforherfriendsandfamily.Thenonedayhermothertellshertostopbeingsosillyandgrowup.Thisnegativeattentionmaymakethegirlfeelashamedofherbehaviorandfromthenon,holdbackherfree-spiritednessandthengothroughlifefeelingasifshecan’tfullyexpressherselfforfearofbeinglaughedat.Thegirl’sexperienceshowshowpeoplelivewithshamewhentheyhavebeencriticized(批评)forjustbeingthemselves.Whenitcomestoteenagers,therearetimestheycanbeextremelydifficultandtrytheirparents’patience.Whenparentsbecomefrustrated,theymaysaythingslike“Iamstartingtoreallynotlikeyou.”Theymaynotmeanwhattheysay.Theymayjustbetiredofarguingwiththeteenagerandhavebecomeemotionallyoverwhelmed.However,theteenagerdoesn’tknowtheirwordsareoutoffrustration,andmayfeelhisparentsaretellinghimthey’resorrytheyeverhadhim.Thechildmayconcludethatheisabadperson.Suchcasualcriticismbyparentscanlingerandsticktochildrenlikeglue.Howtomakethisbetter?Thenexttimeachildshowsyouadrawinghe’sdone,orsingsasongforyouinanefforttogetyourattention,recognizethatyourresponsemaybeextremelyimportanttowardthechild’swillingnesstocontinuetoexplorethesecreativeefforts.Whenachildisdancingandanadultmakesfunofhim,thenegativityhefeelscancompletelyshutthechilddownfromthatactivity,orevenworse,fillhimwithshameasifsomething’swrongwithhim.Thatiswhyitissoimportantforparentstorecognizethatchildrenareexploring-36-,theirworld.Themoreencouragementwehowthenandhemorewekeeptheirsenseofwhat’spossiblealive,themorelikelytheywillbetoexploreandfindtheirownenthusiasminlife.Theywillkeepalivetheirjoyandtheirdreamsforthefuture.Asparents,Idon’tthinkwecanhopeforanythingmore.1.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthepassage?A.Bydescribingascene.B.Bygivinganexplanation.C.Bymakingacomparison.D.Byprovidinganexample.2.Whateffectcanparents’mindlesscriticismhaveonchildren?A.Theymayhavealowopinionofthemselvesforlong.B.Theymaynolongerfeelafraidofbeingmadefunof.C.Theymaywanttochallengetheirparents’patiencefurther.D.Theymayworkhardertoliveuptotheirparents’expectations.3.Whatareparentsadvisedtodowhenachildseeksforattention?A.Pointouthisweaknesses.B.Protecthispassionforexploration.C.Commentonhisbehavior.D.Encouragehisreflectiononhimself.【答案】DAB【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者指出父母无意的批评会让孩子长久以来都看低自己，并建议当孩子寻求关注时，父母应该保护他探索的热情。1.推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Ayounggirl,whoenjoysbeingthecenterofattention,mayactoutforherfriendsandfamily.”（一个喜欢成为关注焦点的年轻女孩，可能会在朋友和家人面前表现出来。）可知，第一段是讲述一个年轻女孩的经历，根据第二段“Thegirl'sexperienceshowshowpeoplelivewithshamewhentheyhavebeencriticized(批评)forjustbeingthemselves.”（这个女孩的经历告诉我们，当人们因为做自己而受到批评时，他们是如何羞愧地生活的。）可知，文章是通过举例来引入主题。故选D。-36-,2.细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“Thechildmayconcludethatheisabadperson.Suchcasualcriticismbyparentscanlingerandsticktochildrenlikeglue.”（这孩子可能断定他是一个差劲的人。父母这种漫不经心的批评会像胶水一样粘在孩子身上。）可知，父母无意的批评会让孩子长久以来都看低自己。故选A。3.细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Thenexttimeachildshowsyouadrawinghe’sdone,orsingsasongforyouinanefforttogetyourattention,recognizethatyourresponsemaybeextremelyimportanttowardthechild’swillingnesstocontinuetoexplorethesecreativeefforts.”（下次当一个孩子向你展示他完成的一幅画，或为你唱一首歌以吸引你的注意时，你要意识到你的反应可能对孩子继续探索这些创造性努力的意愿极其重要。）根据倒数第二段“Themoreencouragementwehowthenandhemorewekeeptheirsenseofwhat’spossiblealive,themorelikelytheywillbetoexploreandfindtheirownenthusiasminlife.”我们越鼓励他们，我们越能保持他们对可能发生的事情的意识，他们就越有可能在生活中探索并找到自己的热情。可知，当孩子寻求关注时，父母应该保护他探索的热情。故选B。（2021·台州市4月调考·阅读理解C篇）Everwonderedifdogscanlearnnewwords?Yes,sayresearchersastheyhavefoundthattalenteddogsmayhavetheabilitytograspnewwordsafterhearingthemonlyfourtimes.Whilepreviousevidenceseemstoshowthatmostdogsdonotlearnwords,unlesseventuallyverywelltrained,afewindividualshaveshownsomeextraordinaryabilities,accordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalScientificReports.“Wewantedtoknowunderwhichconditionsthegifteddogsmaylearnnovelwords,”saidresearcherxuekwClaudiaFugazzafromtheEötvösLorándUniversityinHungary.Forthestudy,theteaminvolvedtwogifteddogs,WhiskyandVickyNina.Theteamexposedthedogstothenewwordsintwodifferentconditions.Intheexclusion-basedtask,presentedwithsevenknowntoysandonenewtoy,thedogswereabletoselectthenewtoywhenpresentedwithanewname.Researcherssaythisprovesthatdogscanchoosebyexclusionwhenfacedwithanewword,theyselectedtheonlytoywhichdidnothaveaknownname.-36-,However,thiswasnotthewaytheywouldlearnthenameofthetoy.Infact,whentheywerepresentedwithonemoreequallynewnametotesttheirabilitytorecognizethetoybyitsname,thedogsgottotallyconfusedandfailed.Theothercondition,thesocialone,wherethedogsplayedwiththeirownerswhopronouncedthenameofthetoywhileplayingwiththedog,provedtobethesuccessfulwaytolearnthenameofthetoy,evenafterhearingitonly4times.“Therapidlearningthatweobservedseemstoequalchildren’sabilitytolearnmanynewwordsatafastratearoundtheageof18months,”Fugazzasays.“Butwedonotknowwhetherthelearningmechanisms(机制)behindthislearningarethesameforhumansanddogs.”Totestwhethermostdogswouldlearnwordsthisway,20otherdogsweretestedinthesamecondition,butnoneofthemshowedanyevidenceoflearningthetoynames,confirmingthattheabilitytolearnwordsrapidlyintheabsenceofformaltrainingisveryrareandisonlypresentinafewgifteddogs.1.WhatwasthepurposeofthestudypublishedinScientificReports?A.Tobettertraindogs’abilitytolearnnewwords.B.Tofurtherconfirmpreviousevidenceaboutdogs.C.Toproveextraordinarymemoryabilitiesofgifteddogs.D.Toexplorefavorableconditionsforgifteddogs’new-wordlearning.2.Howdidthedogsreactwhenexposedtotwonewnamesinthefirstcondition?A.Slowtounderstand.B.Quicktolearn.C.Ataloss.D.Inapanic.3.Whatwasfoundaboutdogs’new-wordlearninginthesocialcondition?A.Learningthroughplayingappliedtomostdogs.B.Thesocialconditionhelpeddogslearnnewwords.C.Dogs’new-wordlearningturnedouttobelesseffective.D.Dogssharedsimilarlearningmechanismswithchildren.4.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.GiftedDogsCanLearnNewWordsRapidly.B.DogsIdentifyNewly-namedToysbyExclusion.-36-,C.DogsCanAcquireVocabularythroughTonsofTraining.D.GiftedDogsHaveSimilarLearningAbilitiestoHumans.【答案】DCBA【解析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了狗狗通过训练能够学习新的单词。1.细节理解题。根据第三段“‘Wewantedtoknowunderwhichconditionsthegifteddogsmaylearnnovelwords,’saidresearcherxuekwClaudiaFugazzafromtheEötvösLorándUniversityinHungary.”（匈牙利EötvösLoránd大学的研究员ClaudiaFugazza说:“我们想知道这些有天赋的狗在什么情况下可以学习新单词。）可知研究的目的是想探索出狗在什么情况下可以学习新单词。故选D。2.细节理解题。根据第五段“Infact,whentheywerepresentedwithonemoreequallynewnametotesttheirabilitytorecognizethetoybyitsname,thedogsgottotallyconfusedandfailed.”（事实上，当给它们一个同样的新名字来测试它们通过名字识别玩具的能力时，狗完全困惑了，并失败了。）可知，在第一种环境下狗非常的困惑。故选C。3.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Theothercondition,thesocialone,wherethedogsplayedwiththeirownerswhopronouncedthenameofthetoywhileplayingwiththedog,provedtobethesuccessfulwaytolearnthenameofthetoy,evenafterhearingitonly4times.”（另一种情况是社会性的，在这种情况下，狗狗和它们的主人一起玩耍，主人在和狗狗玩耍的同时念出了玩具的名字。结果证明，即使只听了4次，狗狗也能成功地记住玩具的名字。）可推出，在社会性条件下可以帮助狗狗学习新的单词。故选B。4.主旨大意题。根据第一段“Everwonderedifdogscanlearnnewwords?Yes,sayresearchersastheyhavefoundthattalenteddogsmayhavetheabilitytograspnewwordsafterhearingthemonlyfourtimes.”（想知道狗狗能不能学会新单词吗?是的，研究人员称，因为他们发现，聪明的狗狗可能只听四次就能掌握新单词。）以及文章中的案例，可知本篇文章主要讲述的是有天赋的狗能快速学习新单词。故选A。（2021·天津十二区县联考2·阅读理解C篇）Thankstoitsharshenvironment,Antarcticaremainedlargelyuntouchedbyhumansformanymillennia,allowingathrivingecosystemtoevolve.However,sincethe1990s,thelasttruewildernessontheplanetisbecominganincreasinglypopulardestinationforadventure-seekingtourists.Now,anewstudydeclaresthatthevisitorsmaybe-36-,leavingbehindharmfulbacteriawhichcoulddevastatethearea'snativebirdpopulation.Humanscaninfectanimalswithillnessessuchastheflu.Researchers,however,believedthattheAntarcticanimalswereimmunetothedangerduetothecontinent'sextremeweather.However,microbiologistMartaCerda-Cuellarwasnotconvinced.SheandsomecolleaguesdecidedtoexaminewastesamplesfromAntarcticbirdsforevidenceofhumanbacteria.Toensurethewastewasnotpolluted,thescientistshadtocollectitfromthebirdsthemselves.Theresultsoftheirstudyrevealedthepresenceofseveraltypesofhumanbacteriainthebirdwaste.Thisincludedacommonstrain(品种)ofbacteriathatcausesfoodpoisoninginhumans.Theresearcherssaythebacteriastrainswereresistanttocommonly-usedhumanantibiotics,indicatingtheywerebroughtinbythevisitors,ratherthanmigratorybirds(候鸟).“Thesestrains,whichareacommoncauseforinfectionsinhumansandlivestock,donotusuallycausedeathoutbreaksinwildanimals,"saysGonzalez-Solis."However,theemergingorinvasivepathogens(病原体)thatarrivetohighlysensitivepopulationscouldhavesevereconsequencesandcausethelocalcollapseandextinctionofsomepopulations."Theresearcheralsofearsthepresenceofthesebugscouldforeshadowthearrivalofother,moredeadly,pathogensasthenumberoftouristspeopleincreases.Expertsbelievetheonlywaytopreventthemassdestructionofthebirdsistoimposestricterregulationsor,atleast,puttheonesalreadyinplaceintoeffect.Forexample,whiletheAntarcticaTreatyrequiresvisitorstocarrytheirwastebackhometosafeguardthepristineenvironment,theregulationisrarelyenforced.Nowadays,someofficialsaretakingstepstosavethevulnerablebirdsbeforeit'stoolate.1.WhatproblemisAntarcticafacingaccordingtoParagraph1&2?A.Theincreasingnumberoftourists.B.Theworseningwilderness.C.Thereplacednativebirdpopulation.D.Thespreadofinfectiousillnesses.-36-,2.Whatdocstheunderlinedword"devastate"mean?A.Destroy.B.Increase.C.Protect.D.Benefit.3.WhydidthescientistsneedtocatchsomeAntarcticanimals?A.Totreattheirillness.B.Togettheirwaste.C.Toraisethemaspets.D.Tostudytheirlifestyles.4.Whatdidthescientistsproveintheirstudy?A.Bacteriacanbekilledbyhumanantibiotics.B.ExtremeweatherkeepsAntarcticanimalshealthy.C.HumansbringbacteriatoAntarctica.D.Antarcticanimalsareimmunetohumanbacteria.5.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheprospectofbirdpopulationinAntarctica?A.Indifferent.B.Doubtful.C.Ambiguous.D.Optimistic.6.Inwhatsectioninanewspapercanyoufindthepassage?A.Entertainment.B.Travel.C.Nature.D.Education.【答案】DABCDC【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述由于南极洲的寒冷人类几千年来没有踏足。然而,自上世纪90年代以来，地球上最后一片真正的荒野正日益成为探险游客的热门目的地。一项新的研究发现游客们可能留下有害细菌，影响鸟类的生存。科学家对此做了研究，建议限制人类旅游的数量。1.细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Now,anewstudydeclaresthatthevisitorsmaybeleavingbehindharmfulbacteriawhichcoulddevastatethearea'snativebirdpopulation.(现在，一项新的研究表明，游客留下的有害细菌可能会摧毁该地区的本地鸟类种群)”和第二段第一句“Humanscaninfectanimalswithillnessessuchastheflu.”(人类可以让动物感染流感等疾病)”可知，根据第一和第二段，南极洲面临传染病的传播。故选D。2.词句猜测题。根据第一段最后一句中“thevisitorsmaybeleavingbehindharmfulbacteria(参观者可能留下了有害的细菌)”和划线词后面的“thearea'snativebirdpopulation.(当地鸟类的数量)”推知，细菌“摧毁”鸟类种群，所以划线词的意思是“摧毁”。故选A。-36-,3.推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“SheandsomecolleaguesdecidedtoexaminewastesamplesfromAntarcticbirdsforevidenceofhumanbacteria.(她和一些同事决定研究南极鸟类的粪便样本，寻找人类细菌的证据)”可知，科学家们捕捉一些南极动物是为了获取他们的粪便。故选B。4.推理判断题。根据第四段中“Theresultsoftheirstudyrevealedthepresenceofseveraltypesofhumanbacteriainthebirdwaste.Thisincludedacommonstrain(品种)ofbacteriathatcausesfoodpoisoninginhumans.(他们的研究结果显示，鸟类粪便中存在几种人类细菌。其中包括一种会导致人类食物中毒的常见细菌)”可知，科学家们在他们的研究中证明了人类把细菌带到南极洲。故选C。5.推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Nowadays,someofficialsaretakingstepstosavethevulnerablebirdsbeforeit'stoolate.(现在，一些官员正在采取措施挽救脆弱鸟类，以免为时已晚)”可知，作者对南极洲鸟类种群的前景持乐观态度。故选D。6.推理判断题。根据第一段“Thankstoitsharshenvironment,Antarcticaremainedlargelyuntouchedbyhumansformanymillennia,allowingathrivingecosystemtoevolve.However,sincethe1990s,thelasttruewildernessontheplanetisbecominganincreasinglypopulardestinationforadventure-seekingtourists.Now,anewstudydeclaresthatthevisitorsmaybeleavingbehindharmfulbacteriawhichcoulddevastatethearea'snativebirdpopulation.(由于其恶劣的环境，南极洲在数千年的时间里基本上没有受到人类的影响，使得一个繁荣的生态系统得以进化。然而，自上世纪90年代以来，地球上最后一片真正的荒野正日益成为寻求冒险的游客的热门目的地。现在，一项新的研究表明，游客留下的有害细菌可能会摧毁该地区的本地鸟类种群)”推知，这篇文章来自报纸的“自然”栏目。故选C。（2021·宝坻区三模·阅读理解C篇）Mosthumansareabletorecognizeabout1milliondifferentcolors,butsomepeoplecan'trecognizethismanybecauseofsomethingcalledcolorblindness(色盲).Inrarecases,somepeoplecan'tseeanycolorsatall.Therearethreecone-shaped(锥形的)cellsatthebackofoureyesthatallowustoseecolors.Thesecellsabsorbtightwavesandsendamessagetothebrain,wheretheimageisprocessed.-36-,Ifsomethingiswrongwiththesecone-shapedcells,thiscanresultincolorblindness.Thankfully,specialcolor-correctingglasseshavealreadybeenmadetohelpfixsometypesorcolorblindness.Now,accordingtoresearchpublishedinOpticsLetters,scientistshaveprovidedanotherchoice.SharonKarepovandTalEllenbogen,engineersfromTelAvivUniversityinIsrael,havefoundawaytoapplythistechnologytocontactlenses(隐形眼镜).Thisisgoodnewsforthemillionsofpeopleworldwidewhosufferfromcolorblindness.Oneofthemostcommontypesofcolorblindnessisred-greencolorblindness.Peoplewhohavethisspecifictypehavedifficultytellingthecolorsredandgreenapart."Problemswithdistinguishingredfromgreenstopsimpledailyroutinessuchasdecidingwhetherabananaisripe,"Karepovexplained.Karepovalsostressedtheimportanceofapplyingthisfindingtocreatespecialcontactlensesinsteadofrelyingoncolor-correctingglasses."Glassesbasedonthiscorrectionconceptarecommerciallyavailable.However,theyaretoobigthancontactlenses."Karepovsaid."Ourcontactlensescreateacustomized,compactanddurable(耐用的)waytodealwiththeseshortcomings."Thisnewresearchisgroundbreaking.Inadditiontoofferingthosewhoarecolorblindanotheroption,itmayleadtosolutionsforothervisualdamage.1.Whatcancausecolorblindness,accordingtothearticle?A.Onlyonetypeofcone-shapedcellexistsintheeyes.B.Cone-shapedcellscannotprocessimagesreceived.C.Thebrainfailstoabsorbandprocesslightwaves.D.Cone-shapedcellsprobablydon'tworkproperly.2.Whatistrueaboutpeoplewithcolorblindness?A.Theycanrecognize1milliondifferentcolors.B.Theyarenotinterestedincolorfulstuff.C.Theymayfinddailytasksmoredifficult.D.Theyhavefewercone-shapedcellsthanotherpeople.3.Whatdoes"thistechnology"meansinParagraph5?-36-,A.Threecone-shapedcells.B.Specialcolor-correctingglasses.C.Processedimage.D.Red-greencolorblindnesstype.4.Whatistheadvantageofthecontactlensesovertheglasses?A.Theyaremuchsmaller.B.Theyareeasiertomake.C.Theyaremuchcheaper.D.Theycanhelpcorrectcolorblindness.5.WhyisSharonKarepovandTalEllenbogen'sresearchgroundbreaking?A.Ithasledtoacureforcolorblindness.B.Ithasfoundcausesofvisualdamage.C.Itcouldleadtosolutionsforothervisualdamage.D.Ithashelpedtodevelopglassestofixvisualdamage.【答案】DCBAC【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了以色列特拉维夫大学的工程师SharonKarepov和TalEllenbogen已经研制出一种特殊眼镜来帮助修复一些色盲，文章还分析了色盲群体中视觉缺陷的原因，并介绍了一些目前正在进行的有效的，可行的，对于视力缺陷者有帮助的方法。1.细节理解题。根据第三段“Ifsomethingiswrongwiththesecone-shapedcells,thiscanresultincolorblindness.(如果这些锥形细胞出了问题，就会导致色盲。)”可知锥形细胞出问题，运转不适会导致色盲，故选D项。2.推理判断题。根据第六段“Peoplewhohavethisspecifictypehavedifficultytellingthecolorsredandgreenapart."Problemswithdistinguishingredfromgreenstopsimpledailyroutinessuchasdecidingwhetherabananaisripe,"Karepovexplained.(有这种特殊类型的人很难区分红色和绿色。Karepov解释说:“区分红色和绿色的问题妨碍了一些简单的日常习惯，比如判断香蕉是否成熟。”)”可知有色盲的人在日常生活中的一些事情会遇到困难，所以他们会觉得一些基本的事情有点困难，故选C项。3.词句猜测题。根据第四段“Thankfully,specialcolor-correctingglasseshavealreadybeenmadetohelpfixsometypesorcolorblindness.(值得庆幸的是，人们已经研制出了一种特殊的颜色矫正眼镜来帮助修复某些类型的色盲。)”可知specialcolor-correctingglasses(特殊颜色矫正眼镜)可以帮助修复某些类型的色盲，结合第五段“SharonKarepovandTalEllenbogen,engineersfromTelAvivUniversityinIsrael,havefoundawaytoapplythistechnologytocontactlenses(隐形眼镜).Thisisgoodnewsforthemillions-36-,ofpeopleworldwidewhosufferfromcolorblindness.(以色列特拉维夫大学的工程师SharonKarepov和TalEllenbogen已经找到了一种将这项技术应用到隐形眼镜上的方法。这对全世界数百万患有色盲的人来说是个好消息。)”可知thistechnology指的是specialcolor-correctingglasses(特殊颜色矫正眼镜)，故选B项。4.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“"Glassesbasedonthiscorrectionconceptarecommerciallyavailable.However,theyaretoobigthancontactlenses."Karepovsaid."Ourcontactlensescreateacustomized,compactanddurable(耐用的)waytodealwiththeseshortcomings."(基于这种矫正概念的眼镜已经上市。不过，它们比隐形眼镜大。”Karepov说。“我们的隐形眼镜创造了一种定制的、紧凑的、持久的方式来解决这些缺点。”)”可知矫正色盲眼镜比隐形眼镜大，这是一个缺点，由此可推知隐形眼镜的优势是相之下比较小，故选A项。5.细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thisnewresearchisgroundbreaking.Inadditiontoofferingthosewhoarecolorblindanotheroption,itmayleadtosolutionsforothervisualdamage.(这项新研究是具有开创性的。除了为色盲者提供另一种选择外，它还可能为其他视觉损伤提供解决方案。)”可知它可以为其他视觉损伤提供解决方案。故选C项。-36-