高二英语语法复习第十章非谓语动词讲解

高中英语语法复习非谓语动词讲解,概述：谓语动词：在句子从充当谓语的动词.Iamplayingthepianonow.非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分。非谓存在的条件：一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下,还有别的动词出现时。Shegotoffthebus,leavingherhandbagonherseat.Shegotoffthebus,butleftherhandbagonherseat.,分类：非谓语动词动词不定式todo动名词-ing分词现在分词-ing过去分词-ed,分类：,分类：,分类：,分类：,分类：非谓语动词大都可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等.1.Toseeyouisglad.=It’sgladtoseeyou.2.Iwanttoseeyou.3.Iwanthimtoseeyou.4.Myhopeistoseeyou.5.Heisthemantoseeyou.6.I’mgladtoseeyou.7.Iwenttoseeyou.8.Hewentsoearlyastoseeyou（作主语）(作宾语）（作宾补）(作表语）（作定语）（作原因状语）（作目的状语）（作结果状语）,分类：1.Swimmingishisfavouritesport.2.Heenjoysswimming.3.Ifoundhimswimmingintheriver.4.Hisfavouritesportisswimming.5.Heisthemanswimmingintheriverjustnow.6.SwimminginSummer,wecangetcool.(作主语）(作宾语）(作宾补）(作表语）(作定语）(作状语）,分类：1.Thiscupisbroken.2.Thisisabrokencup.3.Ifoundthecupbroken.4.BrokenbyTom,thecupcan’tbeused.★过去分词一般不作主语、宾语.(作表语）(作定语）(作宾语补足语）(作状语）,分词用法的区别：-ing和-edA.在时态上1.Chinaisadevelopingcountry=acountrywhichisdeveloping.2.Japanisadevelopedcountry=acountrywhichhasdeveloped.3.Ifoundhimgone.=thathehadgone.(表完成）ing分词表“进行”ed分词表“完成”,分词用法的区别：-ing和-ed▲B.在语态上，ing分词表“主动”，ed分词表“被动”（多为及物动词）1.Isawhimwritingashortnovel.（主动写）2.HewasreadinganovelwrittenbyCharlesDickens.（被写）▲在概念上，ing.表“抽象、习惯”,不定式表“具体、偶然、将来”.*Swimming(抽象）ismyfavouritesportandIlikeswimming(习惯）everyday,butIdon’tliketoswim(具体）today,Iwouldliketoswim(将来）tomorrow.,分词用法的区别：-ing和-edC.▲ed+主句（不强调时间先后）;BrokenbyTom,thecupcan’tbeused.Beinged+主句（强调主句和从句动作同时发生）;Beingpunishedbyherteacher,shewasunhappy.Havingbeened+主句（强调时间先后）Afterhavingbeeninterviewed,shewasofferedthejob.,常考固定搭配：下列动词通常用~ing形式作宾语：admit,report,appreciate感激,deny否认,explain,mention,resist抵抗,stand,stop,imagine,recall,suggest,mind,finish,enjoy,keep,practise,miss,avoid,delay,excuse,escape,consider,advise等。下列动词常用不定式todo作宾语：aim,ask,dare,appear,arrange,demand,help,hesitate,pay,plan,wait,fail,seek,prepare,happen,prove,expect,wish,hope,decide,refuse,offer,learn,agree,choose,promise,pretend,manage,care,determine,afford等。,汉语意思英文搭配1请求某人做某事____________sb.todosth.2恳求某人做某事____________sb.todosth.3邀请某人干某事____________sb.todosth.4叫某人做某事____________sb.todosth.5提醒某人做某事____________sb.todosth.6鼓励某人做某事____________sb.todosth.7激励某人做某事____________sb.todosth.8敦促某人做某事____________sb.todosth.askbeginvitetellremindencourageinspireurge,汉语意思英文搭配9要求某人做某事____________sb.todosth.10建议某人做某事____________sb.todosth.11说服某人做某事____________sb.todosth.12指派某人做某事____________sb.todosth.13导致某人做某事____________sb.todosth.14强迫某人做某事____________sb.todosth.15答应某人做某事____________sb.todosth.16警告某人做某事____________sb.todosth.require/requestadviseconvince/persuadeappointcauseforcepromisewarn,汉语意思英文搭配17允许某人做某事____________sb.todosth.18禁止某人做某事____________sb.todosth.19希望某人做某事____________sb.todosth.20想要某人做某事____________sb.todosth.21建议某人做某事____________sb.todosth.22说服某人做某事____________sb.todosth.wouldlike/wantwaitforallow/permitforbid/prohibitwish/desire/expectcallon,常考固定搭配：,即时巩固练习⑴用所给动词的todo或~doing形式填空：1)Theywereexpecting____(get)theresultsoftheexamination.2)Willyouadvisemewhichofthem____(buy)?3)Onthebustheyoungmanpretended____(notsee)theoldwomanstandingbesidehim.togettobuynottosee,即时巩固练习⑴用所给动词的todo或~doing形式填空：4)WeallconsiderJohn_____(be)anhonestboy.5)Ourbossforbids_____(chat)duringofficehours.6)Therulesdonotpermitplayers____(step)outofbounds.7)Theboybeggedtopermithim____(explain).8)Theyoungmanimagined_____(live)onalonelyisland.tobechattingtosteptoexplaintolive,即时巩固练习⑴用所给动词的todo或~doing形式填空：9)Sheenjoys______(practise)_______(dance)beforethelargemirror.10)Bytakingthebackway,heescaped______(see).11)I’dprefer______(stay)herewaitingforhisarrival.12)Asthemeetingwasbeginning,weallstopped____(talk).practisingdancingseeingstayingtalking,即时巩固练习⑴用所给动词的todo或~doing形式填空：13)ThiskindofcarisnicebutIcan’tafford___(buy)one.14)I’msorryIforgot____(tell)youaboutthemeeting.15)Shetried____(comfort)mebysayingsomefunnythings16)Goingonwaitingheremeans____(waste)ourtime.17)Theywenton____(work)inthefieldsinspiteoftheheavyrain.tobuytotelltocomfortwastingworking,分词用法的区别：-ing和-ed-ing--------sth-ed--------sb,即时巩固练习(2)用所给动词的-ing或-ed形式填空：1)Thejourneywasquite______．(tire)2)Thestoryisvery________．Weare_______init．(interest)3、Theresultoftheexammademe_________．(disappoint)4)Thiswasreallyan_______moment．(excite)5)The___________boycouldn'tbelievehisears．(astonish)6)Itwasa______story．Wedidn'twanttolistenagain．(bore)7)Heseemedquite_______attheidea．(delight)8)Theproblemwasquite________．(press)9)Thepresentsituationis_________．(encourage)10)Iwas_______atwhatshesaid．(puzzle)tiringinterestinginteresteddisappointedexcitingastonishedboringdelightedpressingencouragingpuzzled,做题技巧：,即时巩固练习(3)用正确的非谓形式填空：1)Theman__________(question)inthepolicestationnowisaspy．2)Aman_______(respect)otherswillberespected．3)shecanfindnoone_______(make)friendswith．4)Isthereanybody_______(answer)thequestion?5)Halfoftheguests_______(invite)totheconferencewereforeigners.6)Thematter_________(discuss)isveryimportant．7)Shewasthenaprofessor_______(love)byallherstudents．8)Withmuchmoney________(spend)，theboyformedabadhabit．由于花了许多钱，男生养成了坏毛病9)Withmuchmoneytobespent,shedanceswithjoy.由于有许多钱将要被花，她高兴得跳舞questionedrespectingtomakeansweringinvitedtobediscussedlovedspent,非谓语动词的常用句型：：在thefirst,thesecond…，thelast和only之后，只能用todo*Ittakes+时间+todo…花费时间做某事*…spend／waste+时间金钱+doing…花费时间金钱做某事*…hadbetter+do…．最好做*…wouldrather+do…thando…．宁愿做，而不做*…prefer+todo（ratherthando）…．更喜欢做*It'snouse／good+doing…做什么是无用的*It'sawasteoftime+doing…做什么是浪费时间的*…beworth+doing…．／beworthyof+beingdone值得做,非谓语动词的常用句型：：*It'sworthwhile+doing值得做*Wouldyoumind+doing...?你介意做...*Wouldyoulike/care+todo...?你想要做...*...havenochoicebut+todo..../..,donothingbut+do没有选择，只能做...*...too...+todo太...而不能做*...beusedto+doing(习惯做)*...havesb+do/havesb(sth)+doing让某人做某事havesth+done让某事被做*...happened+todo发生了什么,即时巩固练习(4)用正确的非谓形式填空：1)Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonesreturnedhome,_________(exhaust).2)Generally______(speak),When_____(take)accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.3)Though_______(lack)money,hisparentsmanaged______(send)himtouniversity.4)Withalotofdifficultproblems__________(settle),thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.5)Sandycoulddonothingbut______(admit)tohisteacherthathewaswrong.exhaustedspeakingtakenlackingtosendtobesettledadmit,4)Withalotofdifficultproblems__tobesettled_(settle),thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.由于有许多难题将要被解决，这个新选的总统正在度过一个艰难时期。（tobedone将要被做）Withalotofdifficultproblemssettled,thenewly-electedpresidentfeelsgreatrelieved.由于有许多难题被解决了，新选的总统感觉十分放松/宽慰。（V-ed过去分词这里表示被动，并且是已经完成了的动作）注意：语境不一样，答案也会有所变化。