初中英语2024届中考重点语法It句型和There be 句型知识讲解

中考英语重点语法It句型和Therebe句型知识讲解it句型的考查,主要在单项选择和完成句子中考查,考查角度为it作形式主语的句型。Therebe句型主要在单项选择、完成句子、连词成句和看图写话等题型考查,考查角度:Therebe句型的主谓一致、Therebe句型与时态结合考查、Therebe句型的结构及Therebe句型变为否定句和疑问句等。学生应该掌握以下内容:It句型的常见句式Therebe句型的基本句型结构及各种时态下的句式Therebe句型的各种句式的转化一、It句型1.It作形式主语的句型(1)It+be+adj.+ofsb.todosth.某人做……是……的。eg.It'sreallyniceofyoutoagreetotalktous,Bernard.伯纳德,你同意和我们谈话真是太好了。(2)It+be+adj.+forsb./sth.todosth.做某事对某人/某事来说是……的。eg.It'seasyformetoplayping-pong!打乒乓球对我来说很容易!(3)Itisuseless/nouse...doingsth.做某事是没有用的。eg.It'suselesscrying.Justbemorecarefulnexttime.哭是没有用的。下次请多加注意。It'snousearguingwithhim.与他争辩是没用的。(4)lt+be+v.-ed(re-ported,said,believed等)that据......eg.It'ssaidthathappypeoplecanlivelonger.据说快乐的人能长寿。It'sreportedthatamansavedthechild.据报道说,一个男人救了这个孩子。注意“It+be+v.-edthat”句型中v.-ed为suggested,advised,proposed(建议);ordered，commanded(命令);demanded,requested,insisted(要求)时，that从句中的谓语动词为(should)+动词原形/bedone。(5)It+be+n.(apity/shame/fact/goodnews...)that...很……的是/....eg.It'sapitythatmanywildanimalsarenowindanger.很遗憾,许多野生动物现在处于危险之中。It'sashamethatshecan'tunderstandEnglish.她听不懂英语,真是遗憾。(6)Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.做某事花费某人多长时间。eg.Ittakesalongtimetomakedumplings.包饺子要花很长时间。5,Ittakesmetwohourstodomyhomeworkeveryday.每天做作业花费我两个小时的时间。2.It作形式宾语的句型sb.+find/believe/feel/consider/think/make+it+adj./n.todo/that...某人……做某事是……的。eg.Wethinkitourdutytocleanourclassroomeveryday.我们认为每天清洁教室是我们的责任。Theyfoundithardtofinishtheirworkintwoweeks.他们发现很难在两周内完成工作。3.It引导的时间句型(1)Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since引导的时间状语从句,"从……以来已多久了”,since后一般用一般过去时。eg.IthasbeenthreeyearssinceIleftschool.我离开学校已经三年了。IthasbeeneightdayssinceIarrivedinBeijing.我到北京已经八天了。Ithasbeenfiveyearssincetheygotmarried.他们已经结婚5年了。(2)Itwas+时间段+before引导的时间状语从句,“过了多久才……";Itwill(not)be+时间段+before...“要过多久才……;不久就……"eg.ItwasthreeweeksbeforeIcouldridemybikeagain.过了三个星期我才又能骑自行车了。Itwillbetwoweeksbeforewehavethesportsmeeting.离我们开运动会还有两个星期。Itwasjustfivedaysbeforethebookwaspublished.五天后这本书就出版了。注意该句型中,主向谓语动词be若为肯定式,意为“过多久才……”;若为否定式,意为“没过多久就……"(3)It+be+时间点+when引导的时间状语从句eg.ItwillbeTuesdaywhenhecomesback.他将在星期二回来。Itwasatsixo'clockwhenwearrivedatthesmallmountainvillage.6点钟我们到达了那个小山村。(4)It'stime...句型①Itistime+(that)sb.shoulddosth.是某人应该做某事的时间了。eg.It'stimethatIshouldchangemyself.是我改变自己的时候了。It'stimethatweshouldgotobed.该到上床睡觉的时间了。It'stimethatyoushoulddocleaning.你该去打扫卫生了。②Itistime(forsb.)todosth.到(某人)做某事的时间了。eg.5,Theyhaveaquickdinner,andthenit'stimetodohome-work.他们很快吃完晚饭,然后就该做作业了。③Itistimeforsth.到做某事的时间了。eg.Itistimefordinner.Let'sgohomenow.吃晚饭的时间到了。现在让我们回家吧。Boysandgirls,it'stimeforclass.同学们,该上课了。(5).Itbethefirst(second,third...)time+thatsb.has/havedonesth.“这是某人第一(二、三……)次做……"。eg.Itisthethirdtimethathehaswonthecompetition.这是他第三次赢得比赛。Itwasthefirsttimethatshehadbeenawayfromherfamily.这是她第一次离开家人。ItisthesecondtimethatMr.SmithhasvisitedChina.这是史密斯先生第二次来中国旅游。注意“It+be+thefirst(second,third...)time..."句型中的谓语是is时，从句谓语用现在完成时;主句中的谓语为was,从句谓语用过去完成时。4.It引导的强调句Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who...eg.Itwasmyteacherwhohelpedmeovercomeallkindsofdif-ficulties.是我的老师帮助我克服了各种困难。5.It引导的其他句型(1).Itlooks/appearsasif...看来好像……eg.Itappearsasifeverybodyispayingattentiontotheflood.看起来好像所有人都在关注这场洪水。(2)Itseemsthat/asif...看来好像……eg.ItseemsthatmanypeopleallovertheworlddrinkChinesetea.好像全世界有很多人都喝中国茶。(3)Itturnsoutthat...原来是……eg.Itturnsoutthateatingvegetablesisgoodforourhealth.事实证明,吃蔬菜对我们的健康有好处。(4)Itoccursto/strikessb.that...突然想到……eg.ItoccurredtomethatIknewtheway.我突然想起我认识路。(5)Ithappensthat...碰巧……eg.IthappensthatLucyisgoodatdrawinganddancing.碰巧露西擅长画画和跳舞。(6)Itdoesn'tmatterwhether/if...无论是否……没关系eg.Aslongasyoutryyourbest,itdoesn'tmatterwhetheryouwinornot.只要你尽力了,输赢无关紧要。5,(7).(Itis)nowonderthat...难怪……eg.Nowondertheplaceisempty!怪不得这个地方都没人!(8)Italldependsthat...视情况而定eg.Youcanworkinsmallorlargegroups:italldependsonyourownchoice.你可以以小组或大组形式工作:这取决于你的个人选择。(9)It'suptosb.todosth.由某人决定做某事eg.It'suptoyoutodecide.这由你来决定。It'suptohimtodecidewhethertogoortostay.是去是留该由他决定。二、Therebe句型“Thereis/are+某物/某人+某地/某时”结构表示“某地或某时有某物或某人”。句子中的be(is/are)和后面所跟的名词在数上保持一致。1.Therebe句型的时态Therebe句型的时态由其中的谓语动词be来体现,它可以有多种时态。2.Therebe句型的否定式Therebe句型的否定式:Therebe+not...若谓语中含有助动词或情态动词,通常将否定词置于助动词与情态动词之后。eg.Thereisn'tenoughcleanwaterinthispoorarea.这个贫困地区没有足够的干净的水。Therehaven'tbeenanypartiesinweeks.好几个礼拜没开过派对了。Therecouldn'tbesomanymistakesifyoudidyourhome-workcarefully.5,如果你认真做作业,就不会有这么多错误。3.Therebe句型的一般疑问句及其答语Is/Arethere+主语+其他?答语:Yes,thereis/are.No,thereisn't/aren't.eg.Isthereanymeatinthetomatoandeggsoup?西红柿鸡蛋汤里有肉吗?Yes,thereis./No,thereisn't.是的,有。/不,没有。4.Therebe句型的特殊疑问句Therebe的特殊疑问句结构:特殊疑问词+be+there+其他?eg.-HowmanystudentsarethereinJenny'sschool?珍妮的学校有多少学生?-Thereare1,000.有一千人。5.Therebe句型的“就近原则”Therebe句型中有两个以上并列主语时,谓语动词与最邻近的主语的单复数保持一致。eg.Thereisapenandtwobooksonthedesk.课桌上有一支钢笔和两本书。Therearetwobooksandapenonthedesk.课桌上有两本书和一支钢笔。6.Therebe+名词+现在分词使用现在分词表示动作正在进行;有时现在分词不表示动作正在进行，而表示一种状态。eg.Thereissomeonewaitingforyou.Pleasehurryup.有人在等你。请快点。There'sapianostandingagainstthewall.有一架钢琴,靠着墙。There'realotofdifficultiesfacingus,butwenevergiveup.我们面前有很多困难,但我们从不放弃。5