重庆市第八中学2023-2024学年高三上学期高考适应性月考卷（四）英语试题（Word版附解析）

重庆市第八中学2024届高考适应性月考卷（四）英语注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）注意，听力部分答题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whattimeisitnow?A．At7:15p.m.B．At7:30p.m.C．At8:00p.m.2．Howdoesthemanprobablyfeel?A．Shocked.B．Relieved.C．Unlucky.3．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Familymembers.B．Bestfriends.C．Pets.4．Whoinspiresthemantopaint?A．Anartist.B．Anaturalist.C．Aworker.5．Inwhatsportdidthewomanwinmedals?A．Thehighjump.B．Theshort-distancerunning.C．Thelong-distancerunning.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。6．Whatdoesthemanthinkthewomanshoulddo?A．Stopdrinkingcoffee.B．Buyanewkeyboard.C．Findanotherplaceforhercoffee.7．Whyisthewomanangry?A．Thetableisinamess.B．Themandroppedhercoffee.C．Herkeyboardmightbebroken.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10题。8．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Colleagues.B．Familymembers.C．Repairmanandcustomer.9．WhatwillthespeakersaskKentodo?A．Havelunchwiththem.B．Fixtheshowerforthem.C．Bringsometakeoutforthem.10．Wherewillthewomanbebeforeshegoeshome?A．Atagym.B．Atheroffice.C．Atarestaurant.听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13题。11．Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A．Bookhisbossaflight.B．Consultthepriceoftheairticket.C．CheckifthereareflightstoDublin.12．Whattimedoesthedirectflightleave?A．At9:40a.m.B．At3:15p.m.C．At6:45p.m.13．Whatisthewomanaskedtodofortheman’sbossintheend?A．Providesomepillsforhim.B．Arrangeanotherflightforhim.C．Bookaspecificseatforhim.听下面一段对话，回答第14至第16题。14．Whatdoesthemanlikeaboutthecoat?A．ThecolorsB．Thesize.C．Thehiddenpockets.15．Wheredoestheconversationmostlikelytakeplace?A．Inanoffice.B．Atafashionshow.C．Inabedroom. 16．Whathelpsthewomanloseweight?A．Doingmorehousework.B．Swimmingregularly.C．Watchingherdiet.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20题。17．Whenisthestoreclosing?A．Infifteenminutes.B．Inthirtyminutes.C．Inonehour.18．WhatwillhappentothestoreonMonday?A．It’llcloseearly.B．It’llservefreecoffee.C．It’llgobacktoitsnormalhours.19．Whichitemwillbe50%off?A．Halloweendecorations.B．Themashedpotatoes.C．Theoven-bakedturkeys.20．Howcanacustomersave10%onthegrocerybill?A．Byshoppingduringaholiday.B．Byparticipatinginthefooddrive.C．Bypurchasingthehoney-bakedham.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATheMontclairHumanServicesDepartmentprovidesspecialholidayprogramsandeventsforyouth,adult,andseniorgroupsinthecommunity.HolidayFoodandToyBasketProgramFoodbasketswillbeavailabletofamiliesthatmeetspecificincomeguidelines.Tobeconsidered,applicantsmustcompleteanapplication.Applicationswillbeacceptedbyappointmentonly.AppointmentsmaybeschedulednolaterthanOctober20,2023bycontactingLeticiaGavilanesat(909)625-9485orviaemailatlgavis@cityofmontclair.org.HalloweenSpooktacularTheeventwillbeheldonOctober28,2023,from6:00-9:00p.m.insidetheMontclairPlaceMall.Thehauntingeveningwillincludetrickortreating,kid’scrafts,carnival-stylegames,liveDJ,magicshow,andothersurprises.ThepopularHalloweencostumecontestbeginsat7:30p.m.atthemainstageatcenter.HolidayHomeDecorationContestWorkoffyourThanksgivingdinnerandenjoysomequalitytimewiththefamilywhileyoudeckyourhousewithdecorations.Lightupthenightandbetheenvyofyourneighborhoodbytransformingyourhomeintothe ultimatewinterwonderland!AllentriesareduebyDecember10at6:00p.m.PleaseemailentriestoMontEvents@montclair.org.EasterEggstravaganzaTheeventwillbeheldonApril8,2023from9:00-11:00A．m.atAlmaHofmanPark.Childrenaged12orunderareinvitedtobringtheirbasketsfromhometowincandy-filledeggsasgameprizes.TheEasterBunnywillarriveandposeforphotos.Thepancakebreakfast,offeredfor$5perplate,willinclude2pancakes,2sausages,andanorangejuice.1.Howdofamilieswithspecialneedsgetafoodbasket?A.Bycallingthedepartmentoffice.B.BysendinganemailtoLeticia.C.Byapplyingthroughappointment.D.Byrequestingoneintheoffice.2.Inwhichprogramcanyouseeacostumecompetition?A.HalloweenSpooktacular.B.EasterEggstravaganza.C.HolidayHomeDecorationContest.D.HolidayFoodandToyBasketProgram.3.WhatcanpeopleenjoyinDecember?A.Anicedecoration.B.Acarnival-style.C.Somequalitytime.D.AHalloween.【答案】1.C2.A3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个蒙特克莱尔人类服务部为社区的青年、成人和老年人团体提供特殊的假日项目和活动。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据HolidayFoodandToyBasketProgram标题下“Foodbasketswillbeavailabletofamiliesthatmeetspecificincomeguidelines.Tobeconsidered,applicantsmustcompleteanapplication.Applicationswillbeacceptedbyappointmentonly.(食品篮将提供给符合特定收入准则的家庭。申请人必须完成一份申请才能被考虑。申请只接受预约)”可知，有特殊需要的家庭可以通过预约申请得到食物篮。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据HalloweenSpooktacular标题下“ThepopularHalloweencostumecontestbeginsat7:30p.m.atthemainstageatcenter.(受欢迎的万圣节服装比赛于晚上7:30在中心的主舞台开始)”可知，在HalloweenSpooktacular，你能看到服装比赛。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据HolidayHomeDecorationContest标题下“WorkoffyourThanksgivingdinnerandenjoysomequalitytimewiththefamilywhileyoudeckyourhousewithdecorations.Lightupthenightandbetheenvy ofyourneighborhoodbytransformingyourhomeintotheultimatewinterwonderland!AllentriesareduebyDecember10at6:00p.m. (吃完感恩节大餐，和家人一起享受美好时光，装饰你的房子。点亮夜晚，把你的家变成终极的冬季仙境，让你的邻居羡慕不已！所有参赛作品截止日期为12月10日下午6点。)”可知，十二月人们可以欣赏精美装饰。故选A。BIfoundhimintheyardonesunnydaydecadesago.Hisshininggreenbodycaughtmyeyesasitslowlycrawledagainstthedarkbrowntrunkoftheonlytreeinsidethefenceline.Imovedclosertohimandwasamazedbythepeacefulnessofhispresence.Ihadneverseenacaterpillar(毛毛虫)quitelikehim.Hewasagiant,comparedtoanycloseordistantrelativeofhis.Thetouchofhisskinmademethinkoftherubber.Myheartbrimmedwithaffectionforthisuniquebeing.Itspresencebroughtjoytome,achildwithoutparentsaround,lonely.Igentlyheldhiminmyhandandtransportedhimtomyroom.Ifashionedahomeforhimfromscrapsofplasticcanvas(网布).Itwasdecoratedwithgrass,twigs,andleaves.Ieagerlyintroducedhimtoafriend,Nancy.Shewasequallydelightedbyhim.Wecreateddialoguesinwhichweexploredwhathemusthavethoughtofus.Weinventedstoriesaboutwherehehadcomefromandwherehewasgoing.Weimaginedwhatkindofbutterflyhewouldbecome.Asdayspassed,myjoyturned.Ihadn’tseenhimeat,andhemovedlessandless.IhadbeguntorealizethatIhadimprisonedhim.Causingfurtherharmtohimwasnotanoptionsincehehaddonenothingwrong.IfeltadeepsadnessinmyheartasIdecidedtoreleasehim.IplacedhimbackintheexactlocationwhereIhadfoundhim.IhopedhewouldcontinuehislifewithoutanyscarsfromtheplasticprisonIputhimin.4.Whataoweknowaboutthecaterpillar?A.Heissmallinsize.B.Thecolorofhimisbright.C.Hisskinfeelswarm.D.Hemovesquicklyonthetree.5.Whatdidtheauthorandherfrienddowiththecaterpillar?A.Theymadeupstoriesabouthim.B.Theyraisedhimintoabutterfly.C.Theybuiltanicehomeforhimtogether.D.Theytalkedtohimasifhewereaperson.6.Whydidtheauthor’sjoyturn?A.Becausetheauthorgottiredofthecaterpillar.B.Becausethecaterpillaratelessandless.C.Becausetheauthorwasharmedbythecaterpillar.D.Becausethecaterpillarwasinpoorcondition.7.Whatlessoncanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Contentmentbringshappiness.B.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords. C.Happinessisnotbychance,butbychoice.D.Don’tbuildyourhappinessonthepainofothers.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者发现一条颜色漂亮的毛毛虫，于是把毛毛虫带回家，还和朋友一起给毛毛虫编故事，然而毛毛虫的情况却变得越来越差，作者感到悲伤，最后释放了毛毛虫。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Hisshininggreenbodycaughtmyeyesasitslowlycrawledagainstthedarkbrowntrunkoftheonlytreeinsidethefenceline.(他那闪亮的绿色身体吸引了我的目光，它慢慢地爬上围栏内唯一一棵树的深棕色树干。)”可知，毛毛虫的颜色很亮。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Ieagerlyintroducedhimtoafriend,Nancy.Shewasequallydelightedbyhim.Wecreateddialoguesinwhichweexploredwhathemusthavethoughtofus.Weinventedstoriesaboutwherehehadcomefromandwherehewasgoing.Weimaginedwhatkindofbutterflyhewouldbecome.(我迫不及待地把他介绍给一个朋友，南希。她对他也同样感到高兴。我们创造了对话，探讨他对我们的看法。我们编造了他从哪里来，要去哪里的故事。我们想象着他会变成什么样的蝴蝶)”可知，作者和她的朋友编造了关于毛毛虫的故事。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Asdayspassed,myjoyturned.Ihadn’tseenhimeat,andhemovedlessandless.IhadbeguntorealizethatIhadimprisonedhim.(日子一天天过去，我的喜悦开始转变。我没见他吃东西，他的活动也越来越少了。我开始意识到我禁锢了他。)”可知，作者的喜悦有了转变是因为毛毛虫的状况很差。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“IfeltadeepsadnessinmyheartasIdecidedtoreleasehim.IplacedhimbackintheexactlocationwhereIhadfoundhim.IhopedhewouldcontinuehislifewithoutanyscarsfromtheplasticprisonIputhimin.(当我决定释放他的时候，我的内心感到深深的悲伤。我把他放回到我发现他的地方。我希望他能继续他的生活，不要因为我把他关进塑料监狱而留下任何伤疤。)”结合文章主要讲述了作者发现一条颜色漂亮的毛毛虫，于是把毛毛虫带回家，还和朋友一起给毛毛虫编故事，然而毛毛虫的情况却变得越来越差，作者感到悲伤，最后释放了毛毛虫。可推知，文章告诉我们不要把自己的幸福建立在别人的痛苦之上。故选D。CManypeoplefearthatrobotswilldestroyjobs.Apaperin2013byeconomistsatOxfordUniversitywaswidely misinterpretedasmeaningthat47%ofAmericanjobswereatriskofbeingautomated.Theconcernaboutmassunemploymentisoverblown.Actually,robotswillbeultimatelybeneficialforlabourmarkets.AYaleUniversitystudythatlookedatJapanesemanufacturingbetween1978and2017foundthatanincreaseofonerobotunitper1,000workersboostedacompany’semploymentby2.2%.ResearchfromtheBankofKoreafoundthatrobotisationmovedjobsawayfrommanufacturingintoothersectors,butthattherewasnodecreaseinoverallvacancies.Anotherstudy,byresearchersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,lookedatFinnishfirmsandconcludedthattheiruseofadvancedtechnologiesledtoincreasesinhiring.Forallthat,themarchoftherobotswillbringbigchangestoworkplaces.Theskillsandfirmsthatarerewardedwillshift,too.Onesupposedexampleof“badautomation”isself-servicecheckoutsinsupermarkets,becausetheyreplacehumanworkers.Robotscouldperformworkthatisunpleasant,suchasbutchering.Checkoutstaffwhoretraintohelpcustomerspickitemsfromaislesmaywellfindthatdealingwithpeopleinneedismorerewardingthanspendingalldayswipingbarcodesinfrontoflasers.Inevitably,somepeoplewillbeonthelosingendofchangeevenastherobotsmakesocietyasawholebetteroff.Onelessonfromthefreewheelingglobalisationofthe1990sand2000sisthatthegrowthintradethatwasoverwhelminglybeneficialtriggeredapoliticalbacklash(反对),becausethelosersfeltleftbehind.Thatisonemorereasonwhyfirmsandgovernmentswoulddowelltorecognizethevalueofretrainingandlifelonglearning.Asjobschange,workersshouldbehelpedtoacquirenewskills.8.Whydoestheauthormention“Japanesemanufacturing”inparagraph2?A.Toexplainarule.B.Toshowatrend.C.Tosupportanidea.D.Tomakeaprediction.9.Howmightcheckoutstafffeelaboutassistingcustomersdirectly?A.Bored.B.Refreshed.C.Pleased.D.Uncomfortable.10.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Robotsmaycausemassunemployment.B.Peopleshouldbereadytolearnandadapt.C.Everyonewillbenefitequallyfromrobots.D.Workersshouldbeencouragedtofindnewemployment.11.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.ChangetheControlofRobotsB.MoreRobotsC.WelcometheRiseofRobotsD.BetterRobots【答案】8.C9.C10.B11.C 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是机器人实际上有利于劳动力市场。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Theconcernaboutmassunemploymentisoverblown.Actually,robotswillbeultimatelybeneficialforlabourmarkets.(对大规模失业的担忧被夸大了。实际上，机器人最终将有利于劳动力市场)”以及“AYaleUniversitystudythatlookedatJapanesemanufacturingbetween1978and2017foundthatanincreaseofonerobotunitper1,000workersboostedacompany’semploymentby2.2%.(耶鲁大学对1978年至2017年间日本制造业的一项研究发现，每1000名工人增加一个机器人单元，就能使一家公司的就业率提高2.2%)”可知，机器人会导致大规模失业的担忧被扩大，而实际上，机器人最终有利于劳动力市场，进而在下文中提到日本的制造业的情况，研究发现机器人的出现会增加就业率，由此可知，提到日本的制造业是为了说明一个支持一个新观点。故选C项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Robotscouldperformworkthatisunpleasant,suchasbutchering.Checkoutstaffwhoretraintohelpcustomerspickitemsfromaislesmaywellfindthatdealingwithpeopleinneedismorerewardingthanspendingalldayswipingbarcodesinfrontoflasers.(机器人可以做一些不愉快的工作，比如屠宰。那些接受过再培训以帮助顾客从货架上挑选商品的收银员很可能会发现，与整天在激光前刷条形码相比，与有需要的人打交道更有意义)”可知，机器人可以做一些不愉快的事情，进过培训后帮助顾客挑选商品的收银员发现，与刷条形码相比，与由于需要的人打交道更有意义，由此可知，帮助顾客挑选商品的收银员会感觉更愉快。故选C项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Thatisonemorereasonwhyfirmsandgovernmentswoulddowelltorecognizethevalueofretrainingandlifelonglearning.Asjobschange,workersshouldbehelpedtoacquirenewskills.(这也是为什么企业和政府会很好地认识到再培训和终身学习的价值的另一个原因。随着工作的变化，应该帮助工人获得新的技能。)”可知，企业家和政府在绝对有利的贸易增长引发了政治反弹中认识到对工人再培训和终身学习的价值，随着工作的变化，应该帮助工人获得新的技能，由此可知，人们应该做好学习和适应的准备。故选B项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Theconcernaboutmassunemploymentisoverblown.Actually,robotswillbeultimatelybeneficialforlabourmarkets.(对大规模失业的担忧被夸大了。实际上，机器人最终将有利于劳动力市场。) ”可知，研究发现机器人最终将有利于劳动力市场，结合下文中介绍的使用先进科技带来的劳动力的增长以及机器人的发展将给工作场所带来巨大的变化可知，本文主要介绍的是机器人的出现有利于劳动力市场，所以题目“欢迎机器人的兴起”与本文内容一致，且概括了文章的主题。故选C项。DToacceptthattheworld’saveragetemperaturemightrisebymorethan1.5℃,declaredtheforeignministeroftheMarshallIslandsin2015,wouldbetosignthe“deathwarrant”ofsmall,low-lyingcountriessuchashis.InaclimateconferenceinParis,attendeesagreedtolimitglobalwarmingtoabout1.5℃intheParisAgreement.However,thesamecountriesthatsignedtheParisAgreementhavenotcuttheiremissionsenoughtomeetitstargets.Theconsequencesarecatastrophic.Climate-relateddisastersareproliferating,fromPakistan,muchofwhichwasfloodedbythissummer’sunusuallyintenseseasonwind,toFlorida,whichinSeptemberendureditsdeadliesthurricanesince1935.Theresponsetoallthisshouldbeadoseofrealism.Manyactivistsarereluctanttoadmitthat1.5℃isalostcause.Theyneedtobemorepracticalandfaceuptosomehardtruths.First,cuttingemissionswillrequiremuchmoremoney.Roughlyspeaking,globalinvestmentincleanenergyneedstotriplefromtoday’s$1bnayear,andbeconcentratedindevelopingcountries.Sotheirgovernmentswillhavetoworkwiththerichworldtomobilizeprivateinvestment,whichwillinvolvebigimprovementstotheinvestmentclimateandanacceptancethattheywillhavetocedesomecontroloverenergypolicy.Anothertruthisthatfossilfuelswillnotbeabandonedovernight,especiallyinsomepoorercountries,preciselybecausetheycannotcomeupwithanyimmediatealternative.Thethirdtruthisthatgreatereffortsmustbemadetoadapttoclimatechange.Adaptationhasalwaysbeentheneglectedstep-childofclimatepolicy,mistrustedbyactivistsasadistractionfromcuttingemissionsor,worse,anexcusenottomakeanycuts.Butnomatterwhat,theworldnowfacesmorefloods,droughts,stormsandwildfires.Fordevelopingcountriesespecially,butalsoforrichones,preparingforthesedisastersisamatteroflifeanddeath.12.WhatisthepurposeoftheconferenceinParis?A.TorevisetheParisAgreement.B.Toassistthelow-lyingcountries.C.Toanalysetheaveragetemperature.D.Toapprovethenewclimatechangepolicy.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“proliferating”probablymeaninthesecondparagraph?A.Increasing.B.Disappearing.C.Varying.D.Responding.14.WhatisrequiredtocutemissionsindevelopingcountriesaccordingtoParagraph4?A.Poweroverenergypolicy.B.Investmentandcooperation.C.Aninstantbanonfossilfuels.D.Lessinvolvementfromdevelopingcountries.15.Whatdoweknowaboutadaptationtoclimatechange?A.Itisacost-cuttingmeasure.B.Ithasfailedtobenoticed. C.Ithasbeenwidelyaccepted.D.Itisadistractionforemissioncut.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了与气候有关的灾难正在激增，还说明了关于气候变化以及节能减排的三个事实。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“InaclimateconferenceinParis,attendeesagreedtolimitglobalwarmingtoabout1.5℃intheParisAgreement.(在巴黎举行的气候会议上，与会者同意在《巴黎协定》中将全球变暖限制在1.5℃左右)”可知，巴黎会议的目的是批准新的气候变化政策。故选D。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“fromPakistan,muchofwhichwasfloodedbythissummer’sunusuallyintenseseasonwind,toFlorida,whichinSeptemberendureditsdeadliesthurricanesince1935.(从巴基斯坦到佛罗里达州，今年夏天，巴基斯坦的大部分地区都被异常强烈的季风淹没，佛罗里达州在9月份经历了自1935年以来最致命的飓风)”可知，与气候有关的灾难正在增加。由此可知，划线词意思是“增加”。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Sotheirgovernmentswillhavetoworkwiththerichworldtomobilizeprivateinvestment,whichwillinvolvebigimprovementstotheinvestmentclimateandanacceptancethattheywillhavetocedesomecontroloverenergypolicy.(因此，他们的政府将不得不与富裕国家合作，动员私人投资，这将涉及投资环境的重大改善，并接受他们将不得不放弃对能源政策的一些控制权)”可知，发展中国家需要投资合作来减少排放。故选B。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Adaptationhasalwaysbeentheneglectedstep-childofclimatepolicy,mistrustedbyactivistsasadistractionfromcuttingemissionsor,worse,anexcusenottomakeanycuts.(适应一直是气候政策中被忽视的继子，活动人士不信任它，认为它会分散人们对减排的注意力，或者更糟的是，它会成为不减排的借口)”可知，适应气候变化没有被注意到。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoCalmDownQuicklyWeallhaveourfairshareofmomentswhenwefeelmoreanxiousandstressedthanusual.Whenthesenegativethoughtsenteryourbrain,it’seasytogiveinandallowthemtotakeover.___16___.___17___ Oneofthebestwaystocalmdownistoquitinteractingwithwhat’supsettingyou.Thismaymeantellingthepersonyou’respeakingwiththatyouneedtotakeaquickbreak.Ifyou’rewithcompany,politelyexcuseyourselfforamoment.Gettoaquietplaceawayfromwhat’supsettingyouandfocusoncalmingthoughts.BreatheWhenyourbody’ssympatheticnervoussystemisactivatedbystress,oneofthefirstthingstodoistohaveacalmandevenbreathing.Focusingonbreathingdeeplyandevenlyhasahostofbenefits.___18___.Petyouranimalsandtakethemforwalks,ifyoucanYoucansimplytalktoyourpet,strokehisfur,ortakehimforawalk.Ifyoudon’thaveapet,sometimesastuffedpetcanbejustasuseful.___19___.Justseeinganimalsgoabouttheirdailybusinesscanbecalming.Trymeditating(冥想)___20___.Beseatedinacomfortablepositioninaquietplace.Focusonyourbreathingandnoticeyourthoughts.Letyourworriescomeandgowithoutholdingontothem.Itcanhelpyoufeelmoreincontrolofyourbodyandemotionswhenyou’reexperiencingangeroranxiety.A.Stopwhatyou’redoingB.EveryonefeelsstressfromtimetotimeC.ItworksbyforcingyoutocalmdownandsitstillD.It’suptoyoutokeepthemfromgettingoutofcontrolE.TrytospendtimewithpeoplewhomyoufeelsupportyouF.Itrestoresoxygentoyourbody,andregulatesyourbrain’sbrainwavesG.Alternatively,youcanvisitazoo,anaturepark,oralocalwildlifereserve【答案】16.D17.A18.F19.G20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在感到焦虑、有压力的时候，让自己放松冷静下来的方法。16题详解】前文“Weallhaveourfairshareofmomentswhenwefeelmoreanxiousandstressedthanusual.Whenthesenegativethoughtsenteryourbrain,it’seasytogiveinandallowthemtotakeover.(我们都有过比平时更焦虑、更有压力的时候。当这些消极的想法进入你的大脑时，很容易屈服并让它们接管)”说明焦虑和有压力是时常会发生的事情，人很容易因此被影响，结合下文介绍的几个让自己放松冷静的方法可知，空处指出要防止让焦虑影响自己。因此D项“It’suptoyoutokeepthemfromgettingoutofcontrol(阻止它们失控取决你自己)”符合语境，指出人其实可以掌控这些消极的想法，承接前文，其中的them指代前文的thesenegativethoughts。故选D。 【17题详解】空处是段落小标题，需统领段落内容。根据段落内容“Oneofthebestwaystocalmdownistoquitinteractingwithwhat’supsettingyou.Thismaymeantellingthepersonyou’respeakingwiththatyouneedtotakeaquickbreak.Ifyou’rewithcompany,politelyexcuseyourselfforamoment.Gettoaquietplaceawayfromwhat’supsettingyouandfocusoncalmingthoughts.(平静下来的最好方法之一就是停止与让你心烦的事情互动。这可能意味着告诉和你谈话的人你需要休息一下。如果你和别人在一起，礼貌地离开一会儿。找一个安静的地方，远离让你心烦意乱的东西，专注于平静的想法)”可知，本段主要建议停止做让自己心烦的事情，利用间隙来平静，因此A项“Stopwhatyou’redoing(停下你正在做的事)”符合语境，契合段落内容。故选A。【18题详解】前文“Focusingonbreathingdeeplyandevenlyhasahostofbenefits.(专注于深深地、均匀地呼吸有很多好处)”指出这样做有好处，因此F项“Itrestoresoxygentoyourbody,andregulatesyourbrain’sbrainwaves(它为你的身体注入氧气，调节你的脑电波)”符合语境，具体说明好处是什么，承接前文，其中的It指代前文的Focusingonbreathingdeeplyandevenly。故选F。【19题详解】前文“Youcansimplytalktoyourpet,strokehisfur,ortakehimforawalk.Ifyoudon’thaveapet,sometimesastuffedpetcanbejustasuseful.(你可以简单地和你的宠物说话，抚摸它的毛，或者带它去散步。如果你没有宠物，有时毛绒宠物也会很有用)”建议和真的宠物或毛绒宠物互动，后文“Justseeinganimalsgoabouttheirdailybusinesscanbecalming.(仅仅是看着动物们做它们的日常事情就能让人平静下来)”描述看动物的活动带来的好处，因此G项“Alternatively,youcanvisitazoo,anaturepark,oralocalwildlifereserve(或者，你也可以去动物园、自然公园或当地的野生动物保护区)”符合语境，建议去有动物的地方，和前文是选择的关系，后文是支撑该建议的解释。故选G。【20题详解】空处位于段首，需引出段落内容。标题“Trymeditating(尝试冥想)”建议冥想，后文“Beseatedinacomfortablepositioninaquietplace.Focusonyourbreathingandnoticeyourthoughts.Letyourworriescomeandgowithoutholdingontothem.(在安静的地方以舒适的姿势坐着。专注于你的呼吸，注意你的想法。让你的忧虑来去自如，不要紧紧抓住它们不放)”说明冥想的具体方法，因此C项“Itworksbyforcingyoutocalmdownandsitstill(它的作用是迫使你冷静下来，坐着不动)”符合语境，解释冥想的作用，呼应标题，引出后文的做法，其中的It指代标题中的meditating，sitstill和后文的Beseated呼应。故选C。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Ihadneverbeenmoreanxiousinmylife.Ihadjustspentthelastthreehoursreachingtheairport.Now,asthebusdriversetmy___21___ontheairportsidewalk,Irealizedthatmy___22___journeyhadonlyjustbegun.Thiswasmyfirstvisittotheinternationalterminaloftheairport.Icouldn’t___23___anysignandnothingwasfamiliar,soIbeganto___24___.Itriedtoaskapassingbusinessmanfordirections,butmywordsallcameout___25___.Hejust___26___andwalkedaway.Anotherbusarrived,andthepassengerscameout.Herewasmy___27___!Ifollowedthem,finallyreachingtheelevators.No!Therewasnotenough___28___forme.Iwatchedindespairastheelevatordoorsclosed.Iwas___29___again!Whentheelevatorreturned,Igotonitand____30____pressedbutton3．Thenoiseannouncedtheopeningofthedoor,andtearsofdisappointmentformedinmyeyeswhenIfounditwasa____31____lobby(大厅)!Whatwasasurprisewasthatjustthenanelderlyairportemployeecamearoundthecorner.HesawthatIwas____32____andaskedifhecouldhelp.HegavemehishandkerchieftodrymyeyesasI____33____mysituationthenledmedownalonghallway.Atlast,therewascustoms!HeleftbeforeIsaidsomething,butIwillalwaysrememberhis____34____kindness.IcanonlyhopethatIwillsupportotherswhoare____35____inaterriblejourney.21.A.ticketB.luggageC.passportD.wheelchair22.A.pleasantB.familiarC.nervousD.important23.A.noticeB.understandC.observeD.foresee24.A.suspectB.panicC.regretD.compromise25.A.clearB.rightC.wrongD.slow26.A.frownedB.noddedC.yelledD.sighed27.A.proposalB.responseC.attemptD.chance 28.A.demandB.respectC.assistanceD.room29.A.abandonedB.offendedC.fooledD.delayed30.A.gentlyB.firmlyC.secretlyD.randomly31.A.desertedB.tinyC.spaciousD.decorated32.A.lockedB.lostC.trickedD.arrested33.A.reflectedB.recalledC.relatedD.regarded34.A.unchangingB.unendingC.unexpectedD.unexpressed35.A.strugglingB.waitingC.hesitatingD.risking【答案】21.B22.C23.B24.B25.C26.A27.D28.D29.A30.D31.A32.B33.C34.C35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在机场迷路后得到帮助的经历。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，当巴士司机把我的行李放在机场的人行道上时，我意识到我紧张的旅程才刚刚开始。A.ticket票；B.luggage行李；C.passport护照；D.wheelchair轮椅。根据常理可知，巴士司机能够帮作者放在人行道上的只有可能是作者携带的行李。故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，当巴士司机把我的行李放在机场的人行道上时，我意识到我紧张的旅程才刚刚开始。A.pleasant舒适的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.nervous紧张的；D.important重要的。根据上文“Ihadneverbeenmoreanxiousinmylife.”可知，作者感到非常的焦虑，由此可知，空处指的是紧张的旅程。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看不懂任何标识牌，也不熟悉任何东西，所以我开始恐慌。A.notice注意； B.understand理解；C.observe观察、庆祝；D.foresee预见。根据空后的宾语“anysign”以及“nothingwasfamiliar”可知，作者是看不懂标识牌。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看不懂任何迹象，也不熟悉任何东西，所以我开始恐慌。A.suspect怀疑；B.panic恐慌；C.regret遗憾、后悔；D.compromise妥协。根据上文“Ihadneverbeenmoreanxiousinmylife.”以及“Icouldn’t___3___anysignandnothingwasfamiliar,soIbeganto___4___.”可知，作者非常焦虑，当作者对什么都不熟悉，也看不懂标识牌的时候，作者应该是开始恐慌。故选B。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我试图向一位路过的商人问路，但我的话全都说错了。A.clear清晰的；B.right正确的；C.wrong错误的；D.slow缓慢的。根据下文“Hejust___6___andwalkedaway.”可知，作者的表述是错误的。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他只是皱了皱眉头走开了。A.frowned皱眉；B.nodded点头；C.yelled大叫；D.sighed叹息。根据上文“Itriedtoaskapassingbusinessmanfordirections,butmywordsallcameout___5___.”以及“walkedaway”可知，这位商人没有听懂，走开了。由此可判断，他应该是皱眉表示不解。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的机会来了！A.proposal提议；B.response回应；C.attempt试图；D.chance机会。根据上文内容可知，作者下车后就不知所措，不知道往哪儿走。而此时又来了一班公交车，作者意识到自己可以随着人流走。由此可推断，作者觉得自己的机会到了。故选D。28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有足够的空间给我。A.demand要求；B.respect尊重；C.assistance协助；D.room房间、空间。根据下文“Iwatchedindespairastheelevatordoorsclosed.”可知，作者没有能够随着人流上电梯，由此可知，电梯里没有空间给作者了。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我又被抛弃了！A.abandoned放弃、抛弃；B.offended冒犯；C.fooled戏弄；D.delayed延误。根据上文“Iwatchedindespairastheelevatordoorsclosed.”可知，作者是没能上电梯，由此可知，作者此时感到被抛弃了。故选A。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当电梯回来时，我上了电梯，随意按下了按钮3。A.gently温和地；B.firmly坚定地；C.secretly秘密地；D.randomly任意地。根据下文“Thenoiseannouncedtheopeningofthedoor,andtears ofdisappointmentformedinmyeyeswhenIfounditwasa___11___lobby（大厅）!”可知，作者并不知道应该去几层，所以应该是随意按下了3。故选D。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当电梯门开了，我发现这是一个空无一人的大厅时，失望的泪水涌上了我的眼睛！A.deserted空无一人的；B.tiny极小的；C.spacious宽敞的；D.decorated被装饰过的。根据上文“tearsofdisappointmentformedinmyeyes”以及下文有个机场工作人员的突然出现可知，这个大厅空无一人。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他看到我迷路了，问我能不能帮忙。A.locked锁；B.lost失去；C.tricked欺骗；D.arrested逮捕。根据上文“Thiswasmyfirstvisittotheinternationalterminaloftheairport.Icouldn’t___3___anysignandnothingwasfamiliar”和“Thenoiseannouncedtheopeningofthedoor,andtearsofdisappointmentformedinmyeyeswhenIfounditwasa  ___11___lobby(大厅)!”以及上文可知，这是作者第一次到国际航站楼。而作者完全不知道往哪儿走，由此可知，作者此时是迷路了。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我讲述我的情况时，他递给我手帕擦干我的眼睛，然后领我走过一条长长的走廊。A.reflected反映；B.recalled回忆；C.related涉及；D.regarded认为。根据空后的“mysituation”可知，作者是在讲述自己的情况。故选C。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还没来得及说什么他就走了，但我会永远记住他出乎意料的好意。A.unchanging不变的；B.unending不断的；C.unexpected意外的；D.unexpressed未表达的。根据上文“Whatwasasurprisewasthatjustthenanelderlyairportemployeecamearoundthecorner.”可知，这位工作人员的出现是作者始料未及的。由此可知，作者认为这是出乎意料的好意。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只能希望我能支持那些在可怕的旅程中挣扎的人。A.struggling挣扎、努力；B.waiting等待；C.hesitating犹豫；D.risking冒险。根据第一句“Ihadneverbeenmoreanxiousinmylife.”以及全文内容可知，作者这是第一次到国际航站楼，完全不知道该怎么做，怎么走。所以作者认为这是在可怕的旅程中挣扎。作者得到了陌生人的善意之举，也希望自己以后能够帮助在旅程中挣扎的人。故选A。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。PekingOpera,alsoknownasjingjuinChinese,___36___(list)asanIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanitybyUNESCOin2010. PekingOperaisapurelyChineseoperaform___37___(date)backto1790,whenthefamousFourOperaTroupesfirstcametoBeijinganditbeganto___38___(formal)takeshapeinabout1840.ApopularChinesesayingsumsupthestricttrainingrequiredforPekingOpera:“Oneminuteof___39___(perform)requires10yearsofpractice”.ThehighlystylizedancientChineseartform,___40___ahistoryofmorethan200years,___41___(combine)music,dance,drama,andmartialarts.“Manyteenagersare___42___(familiar)withpopmusic,moviesandcomputergamesthanthestudentsattheBeijingOperaArt’sCollege,whopractice___43___ancientartformeverydayandwillgrowintoprofessionalperformers.TheywillkeeptraditionalChineseoperasalive,”saysWangGuo,aPekingOperateacher.WangwasalsotrainedattheBeijingOperaArt’sCollegeandthenfurtheredherstudyattheNationalAcademyofChineseTheatreArts,___44___shegraduatedfromin2020.“Ittakessolongtotrainanditisdifficulttoachievefame,but____45____(know)thatwearekeepingauniquetraditionaliveiswhatdrivesus,”shesays.【答案】36.waslisted37.dating38.formally39.performance40.with41.combines42.morefamiliar43.the44.which45.knowing【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国影响力最大的戏曲剧种——京剧。【36题详解】考查时态语态。句意：2010年，京剧被联合国教科文组织列为人类非物质文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“in2010”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“PekingOpera”，单数，和动词“list”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填waslisted。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：京剧是一种纯粹的中国戏剧形式，可以追溯到1790年，当时著名的四大剧团首次来到北京，大约在1840年开始正式形成。非谓语动词担当后置定语；被修饰词“Chineseoperaform”和动词短语“datebackto”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填dating。【38题详解】考查副词。句意：京剧是一种纯粹的中国戏剧形式，可以追溯到1790年，当时著名的四大剧团首次来到北京，大约在1840年开始正式形成。修饰动词短语“takeshape”用副词形式。故填formally。 【39题详解】考查名词。句意：中国有句俗语概括了京剧的严格训练：“台上一分钟，台下十年功”。分析句子成分可知，空处为介词之后的宾语，用名词形式，表抽象意义，不可数，故填performance。【40题详解】考查固定短语。句意：这种高度风格化的中国古代艺术形式，有200多年的历史，结合了音乐、舞蹈、戏剧和武术。固定短语：withahistoryof，意为“拥有……的历史”，符合句意。故填with。【41题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这种高度风格化的中国古代艺术形式，有200多年的历史，结合了音乐、舞蹈、戏剧和武术。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“ThehighlystylizedancientChineseartform”，单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填combines。【42题详解】考查比较级。句意：与京剧艺术学院的学生相比，许多青少年更熟悉流行音乐、电影和电脑游戏，而京剧艺术学院的学生每天都在练习这门古老的艺术形式，并将成长为专业表演者。根据下文的“than”可知，空处为形容词比较级。故填morefamiliar。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：与京剧艺术学院的学生相比，许多青少年更熟悉流行音乐、电影和电脑游戏，而京剧艺术学院的学生每天都在练习这门古老的艺术形式，并将成长为专业表演者。修饰名词单数“ancientartform”，表示特指，用定冠词。故填the。【44题详解】考查定语从句。句意：她还曾在北京戏曲艺术学院接受培训，然后在中国戏剧艺术学院继续深造，并于2020年毕业。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“theNationalAcademyofChineseTheatreArts”，在非限制性定语从句中担当宾语，用which引导。故填which。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她说“训练需要很长时间，成名也很困难，但知道我们在保留一项独特的传统是我们的动力。”非谓语动词担当主语，表示主动关系，用动名词形式。故填knowing。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，在学校公告栏上看到英国某大学正在招募交换生，对此你非常感兴趣，特发邮件申请参与交换。内容包括：1．申请原因；2．自身优势。 注意：1．写作词数80左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearSir/Madam,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Sincerely,LiHua【答案】DearSir/Madam,Onseeingyournoticeonthebulletinboard,sothrilledamIthatIamwritingtoapplyforitwithgreatanticipation.Mymotivationliesinimprovingmyacademicachievements,immersingmyselfinBritishcultureandthencontributingpositivelytomyschool.MyconfidencemainlycomesfrommyexceptionalacademicrecordsaswellasmyfluencyinEnglish,whichwillfacilitatemycommunicationandlearning.Besides,mypersonalexperiences,includingvolunteeringininternationalprojects,haveequippedmewithanabilitytoadapttonewenvironments,aglobalperspectiveandadeepappreciationforculturaldiversity.Thanksamillionforconsideringmyapplication.Lookforwardtothefantasticpossibilityofbeingchosen!Sincerely,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国某大学发邮件申请参与交换生活动，内容包括申请原因以及自身优势。【详解】1.词汇积累兴奋的：thrilled→excited源于：comefrom→stepfrom此外：besides→what’smore适应：adaptto→adjustto2.句式拓展简单句变复合句 原句：Besidesmypersonalexperiences,includingvolunteeringininternationalprojects,haveequippedmewithanabilitytoadapttonewenvironments,aglobalperspectiveandadeepappreciationforculturaldiversity.拓展句：Besides,mypersonalexperiences,whichincludevolunteeringininternationalprojects,haveequippedmewithanabilitytoadapttonewenvironments,aglobalperspectiveandadeepappreciationforculturaldiversity.【点睛】【高分句型1】Onseeingyournoticeonthebulletinboard,sothrilledamIthatIamwritingtoapplyforitwithgreatanticipation.（运用了“so+形容词”位于句首引出的部分倒装句）【高分句型2】MyconfidencemainlycomesfrommyexceptionalacademicrecordsaswellasmyfluencyinEnglish,whichwillfacilitatemycommunicationandlearning.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。AnythingIsPossibleWhenIwasalittlekid,IwouldalwayscomeinlastwhenmyfriendsandIranraces.Iwasneverfastatrunning.IalsohadahardtimeplayingbasketballbecauseIcouldn’tjumpwell.It’shardtojumpwhenyouranklesdon’tmove.So,Iwasalwayspickedlasttobeonateam.Iusedtogetsofrustratedandwouldbereallyupsetaboutmyprostheticlegs(假腿).ButImadeupforitallwhenIgotmyfirstpairofskatingshoes.Iwasbornwithaconditionthatcausedmetohavetobefittedwithfakelegsandfeet.IgotmyfirstoneswhenIwaseightmonthsold.ButforthoseofyouwhothinkthatapersonwithnoIwasonskates,IfeltlikeIwasabletomovejustasfastastheotherkids.So,Ikeptpracticing—andIlearnedhowtogetup.Soon,Igotbetterandfaster.Then,whenmyfriendswererunningraces,Iwouldputonapairofskatingshoesandskatetheracewiththem.Winorlose,Iwasabletokeepup.Sinceskatinghadbecomemyfavoritethingtodo,Isignedupforthelocalrollerhockey(曲棍球)teamandthentheicehockeyteam.Ibeganplayinghockeyyearround.WhenIfirstjoined,IthoughtIwouldjustskateuptothenetandtakeashot.ButIsoonfoundoutitwasn’tsoeasy.Ididn’tscoreonesinglegoalthatwholeseason.So,Itrainedhardintheoff-seasonandthenextyearIsignedupagainandgotthroughwiththetryout(选拔赛).注意：1．续写词数应为150左右;2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Unexpectedly,Iwasputintoanolderagegroup. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Now,atthirteenyearsold,Ihaveplayedinthreeall-starhockeygames.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】范文Unexpectedly,Iwasputintoanolderagegroup.Duringthefirstgame,Ifoundmyselfstrugglingtogetpasttheotherbiggerandtallerplayers.Mylackofanklemobilitycausedmetofeelunbalancedonmyskates.Inthesecondhalf,withthescorestill0-0,Itooktheballalongthesideoftheskatingarea.Seeingmychance,Irushedtowardsthenetandtookashot.Theloudcheersastheballwentinwerethebestfeeling.Irealizedallmypracticewashelpingmeimprove.Now,atthirteenyearsold,Ihaveplayedinthreeall-starhockeygames.ReachingthislevelseemedimpossibleduringthosedayswhereIcouldbarelystandonmyskates.However,mypassionanddeterminationkeptmepracticingwhenothersdoubtedme.Playingalongsidesomeofthebestyoungplayersisaproudachievement,butitalsoremindsmethatnothingistoohardifyouarewillingtoworktowardsyourdreams.I’mgratefulforeveryopportunitythatthissporthasgivenme.And,astheysay,“Anythingispossible!”【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者虽然先天残疾，但是天生喜欢运动，作者参加了当地的旱冰队，然后又参加了冰球队，最终凭借努力，作者13岁已经参加了三次全明星冰球比赛。作者认为一切皆有可能。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“出乎意料的是，我被分到一个更大的年龄组”可知，第一段可描写作者比赛的经过。②由第二段首句内容“现在，13岁的我已经参加了三次全明星冰球比赛”可知，第二段可描写作者对于运动的感悟和体会。2.续写线索：参加比赛——感到困难——踢中一球——参加比赛——作者感悟3.词汇激活行为类造成：cause/leadto提高：improve/promote给予：give/offer情绪类 困难：hard/difficult感谢：grateful/thankful【点睛】[高分句型1]Irealizedallmypracticewashelpingmeimprove.(运用了省略that的宾语从句)[高分句型2]Seeingmychance,Irushedtowardsthenetandtookashot.(运用了现在分词作状语)1～5ABCAB6～10CCBBA11～15ABCAA16～20CBCAB