四川省成都市成华区某校2024届高三上学期一模英语试题（Word版附解析）

一诊模拟考试英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whereisthewomanprobablyfrom?A.Peru.B.Britain.C.Mexico.2.Whatwillthemandotonight?A.Attendaparty.B.Replytoaninvitation.C.Playfootball.3.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofheroldroommate?A.Selfish.B.Thoughtful.C.Careful.4.Whatshouldthecitydoaccordingtothewoman?A.Createmorejobs.B.Improvetheairquality.C.Closesomebusinesses.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirdailyroutine.B.Theirdormitory.C.Theweather.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Howdoesthewomansuggestthemangethome?A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Bytaxi.7.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome.B.Atabusstation.C.Atarestaurant.听下面一段对话，回答第8至9题。8.Whyisthemanatthesupermarkettoday?A.Todosomeshopping.B.Tocarryoutasurvey.C.Tomeettheowner.9.Whatchangedidtheownermaketothesupermarketlastyear? A.Thelocation.B.Thename.C.Themanager.听下面一段对话，回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Borrowingatent.B.Returningatent.C.Packingatent.11.Whatisthewoman’smotivationforclimbing?A.Togetclosetonature.B.Tohavefun.C.Toimproveherfitness.12.Wherewillthespeakersclimbtogether?AInthewild.B.Ataclimbingcenter.C.Atagym.听下面一段对话，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthewoman’sopinionaboutherideaoftheonlinebusiness?A.It’sunique.B.It’spractical.C.It’schallenging.14.Whywillthewomancontactartists?A.Toseetheirworks.B.Tolookforinspiration.C.Todobusinesswiththem.15.Whatwillthewomandoforlargeorders?A.Offerfreedelivery.B.Chargeasmallfee.C.Giveadiscount.16.Whatisspecialaboutthepackaging?A.It’sluxury.B.It’sofgoodquality.C.It’senvironmentallyfriendly.听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。17.Wherearedrinksservedallday?A.Inthecafe.B.Inthediningroom.C.Bytheswimmingpool.18.Whatwillthelistenersprobablydoaround1p.m.?A.Havelunch.B.Goswimming.C.Attendaconference.19.Whatdoesthespeakerapologizefor?A.Theupdatedprogram.B.Thehightemperature.C.Thelatelunch.20.Whydoestheconferenceprogramhavetobechanged?A.Someroomsarebeingrepaired. B.TheGeneralManagercan’tcome.C.Aspeakerisn’tabletogivehertalk.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡将该项涂黑。AWELCOMETODENTAL2023IMPLANTCENTERGRANDOPENING!!VISITOURNEWLOCATION3317E.10thST.,LONGBEACHSavethiscoupon(优惠券)andyoucanenjoythemaximumdiscountinournewoffice:Singletoothimplantcostsonly$700!(A10%discountofnormal).Includingimplant,abutmentandcrown.*Duedate:03/31/24.Cannotbecombinedwithinsurancefeesorothercoupons.Newpatientsonly.NOWSERVINGYOUINTHREELOCATIONS!IRVINE:39CreekRoad,Suite210LAGUNANIGUEL:30012CrownValleyPkwy,STEBUnliketraditionalartificialteeth,whichareremovable,dentalimplantsaresurgicallyplacedintothejawboneandthentoppedwitharestorationsuchasadentalcrown.Theyfeelmuchmorenaturalthanconventionalalternatives.Additionally,dentalimplantscanhelptopreventbonedeterioration(退化)thatiscausedbymissingteeth.Thebonebeginstodeterioratewhenyouloseatoothbecauseitisnolongerbeingstimulateddaily.Thiscanleadtoseverebonelossovertime.Butbyplacingdentalimplantsintothejawbone,wecanpreservethisstructure.Ifyou’remissingone,two,orallofyourteeth,weencourageyoutovisitournewofficeinLongBeach,orcall(949)857-6757toscheduleyourappointment.Wewouldbehappytohelpyoufindthebesttreatmentplantorestoreyoursmileandhelpyouenjoybetteroralhealthsoon!1.What’stherestrictionofthecoupon? A.ItisvalidonlyonMarch31st.B.Itdoesn’tsupportphonereservation.C.Onlynewpatientscanuseit.D.Itmustbeusedwithinsurancefees.2.Whichisanadvantageofdentalimplants?A.Theycostlittlemoney.B.Theypreservethejawbone.C.Theycanbeeasilyremoved.D.Theypreventteethmissing.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toexplainhowtoimplantteeth.B.Tointroducethreeimplantcenters.C.Toadvertiseanewlyopeneddentalcenter.D.Topopularizetheknowledgeoforalhealth.【答案】1.C2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。为一则“牙科2023种植中心”的开业广告。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Duedate:03/31/24.Cannotbecombinedwithinsurancefeesorothercoupons.Newpatientsonly.(截止日期:03/31/24。不能与保险费或其他优惠券合并使用。仅限新患者)”可知，优惠券只有新患者才能使用它。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Additionally,dentalimplantscanhelptopreventbonedeterioration(退化)thatiscausedbymissingteeth.Thebonebeginstodeterioratewhenyouloseatoothbecauseitisnolongerbeingstimulateddaily.Thiscanleadtoseverebonelossovertime.Butbyplacingdentalimplantsintothejawbone,wecanpreservethisstructure.(此外，种植牙可以帮助防止因缺牙而导致的骨质退化。当你失去一颗牙齿时，骨头就开始恶化，因为它不再每天受到刺激。随着时间的推移，这会导致严重的骨质流失。但是通过在颌骨中植入牙齿，我们可以保留这种结构)”可知，种植牙的优点是保存了颌骨。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据本文标题“WELCOMETODENTAL2023IMPLANTCENTERGRANDOPENING!!VISITOURNEWLOCATION(欢迎来到牙科2023种植中心.隆重开幕!!参观我们的新地点)”以及最后一段“Ifyou’remissingone,two,orallofyourteeth,weencourageyoutovisitournewofficeinLongBeach,orcall(949)857-6757toscheduleyourappointment.Wewouldbehappytohelpyoufindthebesttreatmentplantorestoreyoursmileandhelpyouenjoybetteroralhealthsoon!(如果你缺了一颗、两颗或所有的牙齿，我们建议你去我们在长滩的新办公室，或者打电话(949)857-6757预约你的预约。我们很乐意帮助您找到最好的治疗方案，恢复您的笑容，让您早日享受更好的口腔健康!)”可推知，本文的目的是为一家新开的牙科中心做广告。故选C项。 BParentsoftenthinkthattheirkidsshouldbegoodatstudiesanddowellinsports.That’susuallythecasebecauseparentsfeelthatcouldgettheirchildrenadmissiontotopcolleges.However,MelissaandMarkWimmerthinkdifferently.Their14-year-oldson,Mike,isaprodigy.HeisamemberofMensa,whichistheworld’stopIQclub.Hecompletedhishighschool,associate’sandbachelor’sdegreesallinthreeyears.That’snotall.Healsorantwotechcompanies,foundedathirdonethatworkstowardscontrollingthepopulationoflionfish,aninvasive(入侵的)species.ButtheparentsareproudthattheywereabletohelpMikewithhissocialskillsalongwithhisintellectualskills.MelissatoldCNBCthatpeopleexpected“YoungSheldon”beforetheymetherson.YoungSheldonisatelevisionshowaboutachildtalentwhoisanindoormanandlackssocialskills.“ButoncetheytalktoMike,theyunderstandthathe’sjustanormal14-year-oldthathappenstobeabletodoamazingthings,”saidMelissa.MarkandMelissagottoknowabouttheirchild’sintelligencewhenheenteredpreschool.Achildpsychologisttoldthemthattheirsonwouldneedadifferentcoursetosupporthisfast-trackdevelopment.Manyparentsaren’tcomfortablewithputtingtheirchildrenwith18-year-olds,butMike’sparentssawthevalueinlettingtheirchildgothroughit.“Iwantedhimtobesocialandbeabletodealwithallthedifferentpersonalitiesintheclassroomswitholderchildren,”saidMelissa.TheparentssharedthattheywereabletodothisbylettingMikefindhisownvoiceandputittouse.“Welethimorderfoodwhenhe’s3or4fromthewaiterorwaitressandintroducehimselftopeople.Thosekindsofthingsaredonetoencouragehimtoengagewitheveryoneelseandbemorecomfortabletalkingtoothersoutsideofourenvironment,”saidMelissa.Thankstohisparents,Mikehaslearnedtogetalongwithyoungandoldalike.4.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“aprodigy”inparagraph2referto?A.Agiftedperson.B.Afamousstudent.C.Abrilliantbiologist.D.Asuccessfulbusinessman.5.WhatcanweinferaboutthechildintheshowYoungSheldon?A.Helikestomakefriends.B.Heisawell-roundedman.C.Heisapopularchildactor.D.Heispooratdealingwithpeople.6.HowdidMarkandMelissadiscoverMike’shighintelligence?A.Througharecommendationfromachildpsychologist.B.ThroughobservingMike’sbehaviorinpreschool. C.Throughparticipatinginaspecialeducationalprogram.D.ThroughtheinformationprovidedbyMike’sschoolteachers.7.WhatdoMike’sparentsdotoimprovehissocialskills?A.Teachhimsomecommunicationrules.B.Encouragehimtospeakinclass.C.Placehiminsocialsituations.D.Lethimgotoschoolalone.【答案】4.A5.D6.A7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了天才少年Mike的父母在助力儿子发展智力的同时，鼓励并帮助他发展社交技能的故事。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“HeisamemberofMensa,whichistheworld’stopIQclub.Hecompletedhishighschool,associate’sandbachelor’sdegreesallinthreeyears.(他是全球顶尖的智商俱乐部门萨的成员。他在三年内完成了高中、副学士和学士学位)”可知，Mike的智商非常高，学习能力非常强，能迅速完成学业。由此可知，他应该是一个天才，aprodigy意思应该是“极具天赋的人”。故选A项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“YoungSheldonisatelevisionshowaboutachildtalentwhoisanindoormanandlackssocialskills.(《小谢尔顿》是一部关于一个天才少年的电视节目，他是一个宅在家里的男孩，缺乏社交能力)”可知，《小谢尔顿》这部剧中的天才少年宅在家里，缺乏社交能力。由此可知，他不善于与人打交道。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“MarkandMelissagottoknowabouttheirchild’sintelligencewhenheenteredpreschool.Achildpsychologisttoldthemthattheirsonwouldneedadifferentcoursetosupporthisfast-trackdevelopment.(Mark和Melissa在孩子上幼儿园的时候就开始了解他的智商了。一位儿童心理学家告诉他们，他们的儿子需要一个不同的处理方式来支持他的快速发展)”可知，通过一位儿童心理学家的建议，Mark和Melissa发现了Mike的高智商。故选A项。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Melissa所说的话“Welethimorderfoodwhenhe’s3or4fromthewaiterorwaitressandintroducehimselftopeople.Thosekindsofthingsaredonetoencouragehimtoengagewitheveryoneelseandbemorecomfortabletalkingtoothersoutsideofourenvironment(当他三四岁的时候，我们让他从服务员那里点餐，并向人们介绍自己。做这些事情是为了鼓励他和其他人交流，让他更愿意和我们环境之外的人交流)”可知，Mike的父母让他置身社交场合中，鼓励他和其他人交流，从而提高他的社交技能。故选C 项。CUpskillingisthefuture—butitmustworkforeveryoneAutomationandjobreplacementwillbeoneofthemostsignificantchallengesfortheglobaleconomyofthecomingdecades.A2017Mckinseyreportestablishedthat375millionworkerswillneedtoswitchoccupationalcategoriesby2030.TheWorldEconomicForumsuggeststhatby2022,automationwillreplace75millionjobsglobally—butcreate133millionnewones.Researchintothelikelihoodthatajobwillbeimpactedbydigitizationhaslargelyfocusedonthe“automatability”oftheroleandthefollowingeconomicregionalandpoliticaleffectsofthis.Whatthisresearchdoesn’ttakeintoaccountissomethingmoreimportantforthemillionsoftaxidriversandretailworkersacrosstheglobe:theirlikelihoodofbeingabletochangetoanotherjobthatisn’tautomatable.Recentresearchsuggeststhattheanswertothismaybethattheskillsthatenableworkerstomoveuptheladdertomorecomplexroleswithintheircurrentareasmightbelessimportantthanbroaderskillsthatwillenableworkerstochangeacrossdivisions.InJuly,Amazonannouncedthatitwouldspend$700millionretrainingaround30%ofits300,000USworkforce.Whilepraiseworthy,itwillbeinterestingtoseetheoutcome.IntheUK,theNationalRetrainingSchemehaslargelybeenledbyemployers,meaningthatthoseonzero-hourscontractsandpart-timeworkers—oftenlow-skilled—willmissout.Governancewillbeacrucialelementofensuringthatsuchschemesfocusonindividualsandlife-longlearning,ratherthanupskillingworkersintorolesthatwillsoonalsofaceautomation.AccordingtotheMckinseyreport,“growingawarenessofthescaleofthetaskaheadhasyettotranslateintoaction.Publicspendingonlabour-forcetrainingandsupporthasfallenforyearsinmostmembercountriesoftheOrganisationforEconomicCo-OperationandDevelopment,”whichimpactsmorethanjustthelow-skilledandpoorlycompensated.Theglobalimpactofautomationisalsoputintoreliefbyresearchdemonstratingthat,between1988and2015,incomeinequalityincreasedthroughouttheworld.BillionsofpeopledonothavetheessentialsoflifeasdefinedbytheUNSustainableDevelopmentgoals.Alongsideclimatechange,automationisarguablytech’sbiggestchallenge.Aswithglobalization,governmentsandemployers—andusworkers—ignoreitspotentialconsequencesatrisktoourselves.8.ItcanbeknownfromParagraph2that.A.recentresearchhasfoundwaystofaceautomationB.broadskillsareofgreatsignificanceinchangingjobsC.regionaleconomycanaffecttheautomatabilityofajob D.itisevenharderforworkerstomoveupthesocialladder9.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsretrainingprograms?A.Supportive.B.Critical.C.Skeptical.D.Sympathetic.10.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisoneconsequenceofautomation?A.Lessspendingontraining.B.Aslowdownofglobalization.C.Socialunrestandinstability.D.Anincreaseinincomeinequality.11.Thepassageiswrittento.A.arguetheurgencyofcreatingnewjobsB.compareglobalizationwithautomationC.analyzetheautomatabilityofcertainjobsD.stresstheimportanceofupskillingworkers【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了自动化和就业替代将是未来几十年全球经济面临的最重大挑战之一，而要应对这一趋势，当务之急是提高自身技能，尤其是跨部门跳槽所需的广泛技能。文章说明了再培训项目存在的问题，指出除了气候变化，自动化可以说是科技面临的最大挑战。就像全球化一样，政府和雇主——以及美国工人——忽视了全球化对我们自身的潜在影响。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Recentresearchsuggeststhattheanswertothismaybethattheskillsthatenableworkerstomoveuptheladdertomorecomplexroleswithintheircurrentareasmightbelessimportantthanbroaderskillsthatwillenableworkerstochangeacrossdivisions.可知最近的研究表明，这个问题的答案可能是，使工人能够在其目前的领域内晋升到更复杂的角色的技能，可能不如使工人能够跨部门转换的更广泛的技能重要。由此可知，广泛的技能在换工作中是非常重要的。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中IntheUK,theNationalRetrainingSchemehaslargelybeenledbyemployers,meaningthatthoseonzero-hourscontractsandpart-timeworkers—oftenlow-skilled—willmissout.可知在英国，国家再培训计划在很大程度上是由雇主主导的，这意味着那些签订零时合同的人和兼职工人——往往技能低下——将会错过机会。由此可推知，作者对再培训计划持怀疑态度。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Theglobalimpactofautomationisalsoputintoreliefbyresearchdemonstratingthat,between1988and2015,incomeinequalityincreasedthroughouttheworld.可知研究表明，1988年至2015 年期间，世界各地的收入不平等现象加剧，这也让自动化对全球的影响得到了缓解。由此可推知，作者认为自动化的一个后果是收入不平等加剧。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章标题Upskillingisthefuture—butitmustworkforeveryone(技能提升是未来趋势，但它必须适用于每个人)结合文章主要说明了自动化和就业替代将是未来几十年全球经济面临的最重大挑战之一，而要应对这一趋势，当务之急是提高自身技能，尤其是跨部门跳槽所需的广泛技能。文章说明了再培训项目存在的问题，指出除了气候变化，自动化可以说是科技面临的最大挑战。就像全球化一样，政府和雇主——以及工人——忽视了全球化对我们自身的潜在影响。由此可推知，这篇文章是为了强调提高工人技能的重要性。故选D。DInthe1770s,anEnglishdoctorcalledEdwardJennergavehisgardener’ssoncowpox(牛痘)andthendeliberatelyinfectedhimwithsmallpox(天花)totesthisassumptionthatpeoplewhowerefrequentlyexposedtocowpox,asimilarbutlessseverevirus,wouldavoidcatchingsmallpox.Itworkedandcowpoxasthevaccine(疫苗)washighlyeffective.“Vaccination”,fromtheLatinwordforcow,soonbecamecommonplace.Challengetrialsareformsofresearchwhere,ratherthanrelyingondatafromnaturalinfections,weintentionallyexposesomeonetoadiseaseinordertotesttheeffectivenessofavaccineortreatment.ThingshavechangedalotsinceJenner’stime,ofcourse,whenitwasnotuncommonfordoctorstoconductthiskindofresearch.Evenso,there’sthecontinuoussensethatthere’ssomethingimmoralaboutmakingsomeoneillonpurpose.Butthisshouldn’tblindustotheextraordinarypowerofchallengetrials.Theycouldbecomeincreasinglyimportantweaponsinthemedicalresearch,inasituationwherevaccinetechnologyisadvancingandthethreatofdiseasesjumpingfromanimalsintohumanbeingsisincreasing.Muchhasbeendonetoreducetherisksofchallengetrials.Likerespiratorysyncytialvirus(RSV),researchershaveinvolvedadultswhoareatalowriskofsevereillness.Theseactshavealreadycutdownamassiverangeofvaccinecandidates.Withtheirhelp,theworldwillsoonhavethefirstvaccinesagainstRSV,whichkillstensofthousandsofnewbornbabieseachyear.Butnotalldiseasesareliketheseones.Wedon’talwaysknowthedangersvolunteersmightface;wedon’talwayshavetreatmentsready.Whatthen?Wecould,ofcourse,justavoidthesequestionsentirely,andrelyonothertypesofresearch.Butthatdoesn’talwayswork:sometimes,animaltestingistrickyanduninformative,becausethediseasedoesn‘tdevelopinthesamewayasitwouldinhumans.Incontrast,challengetrialscanbedeeplyinformativewithinweeks,withfarfewervolunteers.Andthebenefitscanbesurprisinglyhigh.Takethelatestpandemic.Attheendoflastyear,asthenumberofdeathsisestimatedtohavereachedabout17.8million,it’salsoestimatedthat20millionhadbeensavedbyvaccines.Intheyearstocome,theywillhopefullysavemillionsmore. Inordertomakesureweareasprotectedaspossiblefromcurrentandfuturethreats,weshouldtrytogetridofthemisbeliefinchallengetrials,makingthemamorefamiliarpartofourtoolkits.Perhapsthegreatestrewardofallwouldbetomakesureparticipants’effortsareworthwhile:bydesigningtrialstobefairandeffectiveandapplyingthemwhenandwheretheymightmakearealdifference.Inshort,byhelpingthemtosavethousands,ifnotmillionsoflives.12.TheauthortellsthestoryofEdwardJennermainlyto______.A.giveadefinitionofchallengetrialsB.introducethetopicofchallengetrialsC.highlighttheeffectivenessofhisvaccineD.explaintheoriginoftheword“vaccination”13.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Theissuesbehindchallengetrialscanbesolved.B.Thedangersofchallengetrialsoutweighthebenefitstheybring.C.Challengetrialscanbenefitnumerouslivesinspiteoftheirrisks.D.Challengetrialscansetbackthedevelopmentofvaccinetechnologies.14.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?A.Peopleshouldstillbecarefulaboutchallengetrials.B.Amoreopenattitudeshouldbetakentowardschallengetrials.C.Challengetrialsguaranteeparticipantsprotectionagainstthreats.D.Morevolunteersinvolvedcanimprovetheaccuracyofchallengetrials.15.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Shouldweusechallengetrialstofindcures?B.Canchallengetrialsbeablocktomedicalprogress?C.Canchallengetrialsbetheendofinfectiousdiseases?D.Shouldwereplaceanimaltestingwithchallengetrials?【答案】12.B13.C14.B15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。它提供了关于医学研究中挑战试验的信息，并阐述了挑战试验的优势和重要性。通过简明扼要地介绍，以及使用有据可查的数据和案例，解释挑战试验在医学研究中的用途和潜在效益。【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Inthe1770s,anEnglishdoctorcalledEdwardJennergavehisgardener’ssoncowpox(牛痘)andthendeliberatelyinfectedhimwithsmallpox(天花)totesthisassumptionthatpeoplewhowerefrequentlyexposedtocowpox,asimilarbutlessseverevirus,wouldavoidcatchingsmallpox.(18世纪70年代，一位名叫爱德华·詹纳(EdwardJenner)的英国医生让他的园丁的儿子染上牛痘，然后故意让他感染天花，以检验他的假设，即经常接触牛痘(一种类似但不那么严重的病毒)的人会避免感染天花)”以及第二段“Challengetrialsareformsofresearchwhere,ratherthanrelyingondatafromnaturalinfections,weintentionallyexposesomeonetoadiseaseinordertotesttheeffectivenessofavaccineortreatment.(挑战试验是一种研究形式，我们不是依靠自然感染的数据，而是故意让某人接触某种疾病，以测试疫苗或治疗的有效性)”可知，作者讲述爱德华·詹纳的故事是为了介绍挑战试验的话题。故选B项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Evenso,there’sthecontinuoussensethatthere’ssomethingimmoralaboutmakingsomeoneillonpurpose.(即便如此，人们仍然认为故意让别人生病是不道德的)”以及第三段“Butthisshouldn’tblindustotheextraordinarypowerofchallengetrials.Theycouldbecomeincreasinglyimportantweaponsinthemedicalresearch,inasituationwherevaccinetechnologyisadvancingandthethreatofdiseasesjumpingfromanimalsintohumanbeingsisincreasing.(但这不应该让我们忽视挑战试验的非凡力量。在疫苗技术不断进步、疾病从动物传染给人类的威胁日益增加的情况下，它们可能成为医学研究中越来越重要的武器)”可知，尽管有风险，但挑战试验可以使许多生命受益。故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Inordertomakesureweareasprotectedaspossiblefromcurrentandfuturethreats,weshouldtrytogetridofthemisbeliefinchallengetrials,makingthemamorefamiliarpartofourtoolkits.Perhapsthegreatestrewardofallwouldbetomakesureparticipants’effortsareworthwhile:bydesigningtrialstobefairandeffectiveandapplyingthemwhenandwheretheymightmakearealdifference.Inshort,byhelpingthemtosavethousands,ifnotmillionsoflives.(为了确保我们尽可能免受当前和未来的威胁，我们应该努力消除对挑战试验的误解，使其成为我们工具箱中更为常见的一部分。也许最大的回报将是确保参与者的努力是值得的：通过设计公平、有效的试验，并在可能产生真正差异的时间和地点应用这些试验。简而言之，通过帮助他们拯救成千上万，甚至数百万人的生命)”可知，本文作者想告诉我们对挑战试验应采取更开放的态度。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Challengetrialsareformsofresearchwhere,ratherthanrelyingondatafromnaturalinfections,weintentionallyexposesomeonetoadiseaseinordertotesttheeffectivenessofavaccineortreatment.ThingshavechangedalotsinceJenner’stime,ofcourse,whenitwasnotuncommonfordoctorstoconductthis kindofresearch.Evenso,there’sthecontinuoussensethatthere’ssomethingimmoralaboutmakingsomeoneillonpurpose.(挑战试验是一种研究形式，我们不是依靠自然感染的数据，而是故意让某人接触某种疾病，以测试疫苗或治疗的有效性。当然，与詹纳的时代相比，情况发生了很大变化，当时医生进行这类研究并不罕见。即便如此，人们仍然认为故意让别人生病是不道德的)”以及纵观全文可知，本文讲述了尽管有风险，但挑战试验可以使许多生命受益，并且目前已采取很多方法来降低这种风险，呼吁人们对挑战试验应采取更开放的态度。所以A项“Shouldweusechallengetrialstofindcures?”是本文最好的标题。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manyofussetgoals,butsometimeswefailtoachievethem.Therearemanycauseswhywedon’tmanagetorealizeourgoals.____16____Thereisaway,though,tohelpaddressthisproblem:setreminders.Peopleemployapsychologicalstrategycalledcognitive(认知的)offloading,whereweuseaphysicalactiontoreducedemandsonourbrain.Specifically,wemayoutsourceourintentionsfrombeingstoredinourbrainstoremindersoutsideourhead.____17____Understandingthebenefitsofcognitiveoffloadingcanimproveourabilitytorememberandfollowthroughwithourintentions.Thebiggestbenefitissimplythatitimprovesmemoryperformance.Itincreasestheprobabilitythatwewillworktowardsthegoalsweneedtoreach.____18____“Themoreweoffloadunimportantinformation,suchasitemsonashoppinglist,themorewecanuseourbrainforthosemoresignificantcognitivetasks,suchascreativity,”saidSamGilbert,professorattheUniversityCollegeLondon.____19____Still,therearepotentialnegativepartsforit.Wearemorelikelytoforgetwhatweoffloadedifwenolongeraccessourstorage,suchaswhenoursmartphonedies.Wealsotendtooffloadtheimportantthingswemostwanttoremember.Inasurprisetestwheretheirreminderswerewipedclean,theparticipantsweremorelikelytoforgettheimportantitemsandrecalltheunimportantones,thatis,themoreimportanttheintentionwewanttoremember,themorelikelywearetooffloadit—andtoforgetit.We’dbettertendtocreatereminderswhenwethinkweneedthem,butnotnecessarilywhenwedoneedthem.____20____“Ifourunderstandingofourmemoryabilityiswrong,thissuggeststhatwewilleitheroveruseorunderusereminders,”Gilbertsaid.“Wecanlearnbynoticingthetimesthatwehaveforgottentodosomethingandcouldhaveusedreminderstohelp.”A.Cognitiveoffloadinghasnoticeablebenefits.B.Onecommonreasonisthatwesimplyforgetthem. C.Besides,itcanfreeupourlimitedcognitiveresources.DAgoodexamplecanbedocumentsonoursmartphonecalendars.E.Theprocessofcognitiveoffloadinghelpsusidentifyfalseinformation.F.Ourbeliefsabouthowgoodourmemoryisdirectlyinfluencewhetherwesetthem.G.Otherexpertssayit’stoosoontounderstandhowcognitiveoffloadingaffectsourbrains.【答案】16.B17.D18.C19.A20.F【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了认知卸载的好处和坏处，以及什么时候创建提醒。【16题详解】根据前文“Therearemanycauseswhywedon’tmanagetorealizeourgoals.(我们无法实现目标的原因有很多)”可知，此处是说明无法实现目标的原因，所以B项“Onecommonreasonisthatwesimplyforgetthem.(一个常见的原因是我们只是忘记了它们)”符合主题，并引出下文“Thereisaway,though,tohelpaddressthisproblem:setreminders.(不过，有一个方法可以帮助解决这个问题：设置提醒)”。故选B项。17题详解】根据前文“Peopleemployapsychologicalstrategycalledcognitive(认知的)offloading,whereweuseaphysicalactiontoreducedemandsonourbrain.Specifically,wemayoutsourceourintentionsfrombeingstoredinourbrainstoremindersoutsideourhead.(人们采用一种叫做认知卸载的心理策略，即我们用身体动作来减少对大脑的需求。具体来说，我们可能会把我们的意图从储存在大脑里外包给大脑外的提醒)”可知，此处讲述了设置提醒具体方法，所以D项“Agoodexamplecanbedocumentsonoursmartphonecalendars.(一个很好的例子就是我们智能手机日历上的文档)”是对此方法的具体举例，符合文意。故选D项。【18题详解】根据前文“Understandingthebenefitsofcognitiveoffloadingcanimproveourabilitytorememberandfollowthroughwithourintentions.Thebiggestbenefitissimplythatitimprovesmemoryperformance.Itincreasestheprobabilitythatwewillworktowardsthegoalsweneedtoreach.(了解认知卸载的好处可以提高我们的记忆能力和贯彻我们的意图的能力。最大的好处就是提高了记忆性能。它增加了我们朝着我们需要达到的目标努力的可能性)”可知，此处在讲述了解认知卸载的好处，根据后文““Themoreweoffloadunimportantinformation,suchasitemsonashoppinglist,themorewecanuseourbrainforthosemoresignificantcognitivetasks,suchascreativity,”saidSamGilbert,professorattheUniversityCollegeLondon.(伦敦大学学院的教授山姆·吉尔伯特说：“我们越不去想那些不重要的信息，比如购物清单上的东西，我们就越能把大脑用于那些更重要的认知任务，比如创造力。”)”是在讲述另一个好处，所以空处应是C项“Besides,itcanfreeup ourlimitedcognitiveresources.(此外，它可以释放我们有限的认知资源)”符合文意，描述另一个好处，引出下文。故选C项。【19题详解】分析设空，位于段首，根据后文“Still,therearepotentialnegativepartsforit.(不过，它也有潜在的负面影响)”可知，空处应是承上启下的作用，由上文介绍好处，转到讲述缺点，所以A项“Cognitiveoffloadinghasnoticeablebenefits.(认知卸载有明显的好处)”符合文意，承接上文，并和后文构成转折关系。故选A项。【20题详解】根据前文“We’dbettertendtocreatereminderswhenwethinkweneedthem,butnotnecessarilywhenwedoneedthem.(当我们认为我们需要提醒时，我们最好创建提醒，但不一定是在我们确实需要的时候)”以及后文““Ifourunderstandingofourmemoryabilityiswrong,thissuggeststhatwewilleitheroveruseorunderusereminders,”Gilbertsaid.(吉尔伯特说：“如果我们对记忆能力的理解是错误的，这表明我们要么过度使用提醒，要么使用不足。”)”可知，空处应是过渡句，所以F项“Ourbeliefsabouthowgoodourmemoryisdirectlyinfluencewhetherwesetthem.(我们对自己记忆力好坏的看法直接影响到我们是否能记好)”是对前文的进一步说明，并引出下文。故选F项。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共2小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Pharez,aformerstudentofmine,isnowateacheratmyhighschool.Shewalkedbymeinthe____21____thisafternoonandsaidwithasmile,“Ms.Harris,Iknowyouloveourwordoftheweek—integrity(诚实正直).IhearditontheannouncementsthismorningandI____22____thoughtofyou.”Ireplied,“ThankyouPharez,that____23____myday.”Shewentontosay,“Ialways____24____youtalkingtousaboutintegrityand____25____andhowimportanttheywere.”I____26____heragainandshe____27____downthehallway.AsIreflectonthis____28____,itbringsasmiletomyface.Ofthemany____29____thatshecouldassociatewithme,thefactthatsheassociatedtheword“integrity”isimportant_____30_____ofmyinfluenceasaneducator.Ibelievethatshe_____31_____theideaofhonestyandmoralcharacterwithmebecauseoftheexampleIhave_____32_____withmylife.It_____33_____tomindapopularquote---“Letusnotgrowtiredindoing_____34_____,forattherighttimewewillgainaharvest,ifwedonotgiveup.”Iam_____35_____fortheremindertoday—whenitseemsthatnooneis____36____it,theimportantvaluesarebeingcaughtand_____37_____ifIjustkeep“doingtherightthing”. Asateacher,Iknowin_____38_____youcannotseethe_____39_____ofaday’swork.Itis_____40_____andremainsso,maybefortwentyyears.21.A.galleryB.officeC.hallD.classroom22.A.immediatelyB.casuallyC.rarelyD.potentially23.A.excitesB.makesC.puzzlesD.builds24.A.catchB.forgetC.keepD.remember25.A.participationB.fortuneC.characterD.prejudice26.A.comfortedB.thankedC.believedD.encountered27.A.continuedB.tookC.lookedD.brought28.A.interactionB.negotiationC.decisionD.cooperation29.A.colorsB.interestsC.wordsD.tastes30.A.confusionB.wisdomC.exerciseD.proof31A.mentionedB.connectedC.sharedD.made32.A.followedB.setC.madeD.taken33.A.callsB.comesC.keepsD.flashes34.A.littleB.nothingC.wrongD.good35.A.helpfulB.faithfulC.gratefulD.delightful36.A.gettingB.questioningC.facingD.stealing37.A.thrownawayB.calledoffC.figuredoutD.passedon38.A.communicatingB.trainingC.teachingD.supporting39.A.vegetableB.fruitC.endD.pay40.A.unbelievableB.unpredictableC.respectableD.invisible【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.C26.B27.A28.A29.C30.D31.B32.B33.A34.D35.C36.A37.D38.C39.B40.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者昔日的一位学生成了自己的同事。一天，两人在走廊上相遇，作者的学生说起早上在报告中听到“诚实正直”一词时，瞬间联想到了作者，回想起作者总是谈及诚实正直与品格的重要性。这次互动也提醒了作者，只要自己坚持去做对的事，这些重要的价值观总会被理解并且传递下去。【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天下午，她在走廊从我身边走过，并笑着说。A.gallery画廊；B.office办公室；C.hall走廊，大厅；D.classroom教室。根据第一段最后一句“I____6____heragainandshe____7____downthehallway.”可知，在交谈过后，她继续沿着走廊走去。由此可以推断，两人是在走廊相遇的。故选C。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我今天早上在公告上听到了，我立马就想起了你。A.immediately立刻，马上；B.casually随意地；C.rarely很少；D.potentially有潜力地。根据下文“Shewentontosay,‘Ialways____4____youtalkingtousaboutintegrityand____5____andhowimportanttheywere.”可知，作者以前向她讲过“诚实正直”的重要性，所以听到这个词，她立马想到了作者。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：谢谢你Pharez，这真的让我高兴。A.excites使兴奋；B.makes制作；C.puzzles使困惑；D.builds建立。根据上文“Ms.Harris,Iknowyouloveourwordoftheweek—integrity(诚实正直).IhearditontheannouncementsthismorningandI____2____thoughtofyou.”可知，作者的学生听到“诚实正直”就马上想起她，这件事自然让作者很高兴。makeone’day“使某人高兴”，与下文“itbringsasmiletomyface”相呼应。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直记得你和我们谈论过正直和品格，以及它们是多么重要。A.catch抓住；B.forget忘记；C.keep保持；D.remember记得。根据上文“Ms.Harris,Iknowyouloveourwordoftheweek—integrity(诚实正直).IhearditontheannouncementsthismorningandI____2____thoughtofyou.”可知，作者的学生听到“诚实正直”就马上想起她，说明她对作者以前谈论的一些价值观记忆深刻。remembersb.doingsth.“记得某人做过某事”。故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第4题详解。A.participation参加；B.fortune运气，财富；C.character品质，性格，特征；D.prejudice偏见。根据下文“Ibelievethatshe____11____theideaofhonestyandmoralcharacterwithmebecauseoftheexampleIhave____12____withmylife.”可知，这里是指作者以前给学生们讲过的正直和品格。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我再次感谢了她，她继续沿着走廊离开了。A.comforted安慰；B.thanked感谢；C.believed相信；D.encountered遇见。根据上文“Ireplied,‘Thankyou,Pharez,thatmyday.’”可知，作者已经表示过感谢，结合again一词可知，作者再次感谢了对方。故选B。【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我再次感谢了她，她继续沿着走廊离开了。A.continued继续；B.took带走；C.looked看；D.brought带来。根据上文“Shewalkedbymeinthe____1____thisafternoonandsaidwithasmile,”可知，作者和Pharez正在走廊走着的时候停下来和对方说话，所以接下来Pharez继续沿着走廊离开了。故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我反思这种互动时，它给我脸上带来了微笑。A.interaction交流，互动；B.negotiation磋商；C.decision决定；D.cooperation合作。根据空后的“itbringsasmiletomyface”以及空前的“this”与“reflecton”可以推断，作者是在思考上文描述的这件事，也就是作者与她的学生之间的这次交流。故选A。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她能联想到我的众多词汇中，她联系到“正直”一词的事实是我作为一名教育工作者影响力的重要证明。A.colors颜色；B.interests兴趣；C.words词汇；D.tastes口味。根据上文以及本句中的“thefactthatsheassociatedtheword‘integrity’”都提到了作者的学生把“诚实正直”这个词和作者联想到一起，所以此处指学生联系到的与作者有关的词汇。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第9题详解。A.confusion困惑；B.wisdom智慧；C.exercise锻炼；D.proof证据。根据下文“myinfluenceasaneducator”可知，作者的学生把“诚实正直”这个词语与作者联想在一起，这是作者作为一个教育工作者的影响力的有力证据。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我相信她把诚实和道德品质的观念与我联系在一起，是因为我为自己的生活树立了榜样。A.mentioned提到；B.connected联系；C.shared分享；D.made制作。根据上文“Ofthemany____9____thatshecouldassociatewithme,thefactthatsheassociatedtheword“integrity”isimportant____10____ofmyinfluenceasaneducator.”可知，此处指学生把这些词汇和作者联系在一起的事情。短语connect...with...“把……与……联系起来”。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第11题详解。A.followed跟随；B.set设置；C.made制作；D.taken带走。分析上下文内容可知，此句前后构成因果关系，即作者相信她之所以建立起这种联系，是由于作者在生活中就秉承着这样的价值观念，给学生们树立了很好的榜样。setanexampletosb.“给某人树立榜样”。故选B。【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让人想起了一句流行的名言：“让我们不要厌倦行善，因为如果我们不放弃，我们会在适当的时候获得收获。”。A.calls召集；B.comes来；C.keeps保持；D.flashes闪。根据下文“apopularquote---“Letusnotgrowtiredindoing____14____,forattherighttimewewillgainaharvest,ifwedonotgiveup.””可知，这是作者想到的一句话。callsth.tomind“使想起”。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第13题详解。A.little一点；B.nothing没有；C.wrong错误；D.good好处。根据下文“forattherighttimewewillgainaharvest,ifwedonotgiveup.”可知，此处指的应是做“有益的事”，good用作名词，表示“有益的事”。此处的doinggood与该段倒数第三句中的“doingtherightthing”是意义相近的表达。故选D。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激今天的提醒——当似乎没有人理解的时候，如果我继续“做正确的事”，重要的价值观就会被抓住并传递。A.helpful有帮助的；B.faithful忠诚的；C.grateful感激的；D.delightful高兴的。根据下文“whenitseemsthatnooneis___16___it,theimportantvaluesarebeingcaughtand____17____ifIjustkeep“doingtherightthing”.”可知，今天发生的事引起了作者的思考，所以作者感激今天发生的这样一件给作者以提醒的事。故选C。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第15题详解。A.getting得到，理解；B.questioning质问；C.facing面对；D.stealing偷。根据下文“theimportantvaluesarebeingcaughtand____17____ifIjustkeep“doingtherightthing””可知，作者想表达的意思是，即使你做一件事没有人理解，只要你坚持做下去，就是有意义的。getit表示“理解，明白”。故选A。【37题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：见第15题详解。A.thrownaway扔掉；B.calledoff取消；C.figuredout弄清楚；D.passedon传递。根据下文“ifIjustkeep“doingtherightthing””可知，此处要表达的应该是在作者的坚持下，这些重要的价值观正在被理解并传递下去。caught与passedon在语义上构成递进关系。故选D。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：身为一名老师，我知道在教学工作中，你无法看到一天的工作成果。A.communicating交流；B.training训练；C.teaching教；D.supporting支持。根据上文“Asateacher”可知，这里指老师在教学过程中的事情。teaching一词与作者老师的职业相匹配。故选C。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第18题详解。A.vegetable蔬菜；B.fruit水果，果实；C.end结束；D.pay付款。根据下文“Itis____20____andremainsso,maybefortwentyyears. ”可知，身为一名老师，也许无法看到当天的教学成果，但是经过时间的洗礼，就会让学生们慢慢体会和理解。故选B。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它是看不见的，可能会持续二十年。A.unbelievable难以置信的；B.unpredictable不可预料的；C.respectable可敬的；D.invisible看不见的。根据上文“Iknowin____18____youcannotseethe____19____ofaday’swork.”可知，老师也许是无法看到当天的教学成果。故选D。第Ⅱ卷非选择题第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。LivingHeritage:XuanPaperSmoothyettensile.Universalanddurable.Withthesequalities,Xuanpaperisknownasthe“PaperofAges”.ThetermXuanpaperfirstappearedinOnFamousPaintingsthroughtheAges,abookwrittenbyTangDynastyscholarZhangYanyuan,in___41___hedescribedXuanpaperasanideal___42___(carry)forcalligraphyandpainting.HandmadeXuanpaperfromJingxiancounty,EastChina’sAnhuiprovince,___43___(list)asatribute(贡品)totheimperialcourtforitssupremequalityduringtheperiod.ThetraditionalcraftofmakingXuanpaperisextremely___44___(demand).Sandalwoodbark,aplantnativetosouthernChina,goesthrough108procedurestogetherwithricestrawoverthecourseofthreeyearsbeforeitcantransformintoabatchoffineXuanpaper.Theentireprocedureissocomplexthateventhemost___45___(skill)craftsmancanonlymasterlimitednumberofsteps.Theflowofink,bothguidedandresistedbywater,___46___(determine)theoutputofChineseart,andXuanpaperoutshinesotherswithitsexcellentabilitytogivefullplaytoink.Differentproportionsofbarktostrawduringthepapermakingprocesscancreatedifferentcanvasesbest___47___(suit)toartisticexpressioninfreehandinkpaintingsorcalligraphy.Xuanpaper___48___(accompany)thepassionatebrushstrokesoftheChineseliterati(文人墨客)forthousandsofyears.Unlikeotherformsofpaper,itisveryresistant___49___damagesbroughtbytime.Itisthisdurability____50____hasmadethepreservationsofmanyvaluableworksfromancientChinapossible.PapermakingisacrystallizationofwisdomoftheancientChinese,andXuanpaperisthecrownofpapermaking.【答案】41.which42.carrier43.waslisted 44.demanding45.skilled46.determines47.suited48.hasaccompanied49.to50.that【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了宣纸的历史、工艺及价值。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：宣纸一词最早出现在唐代学者张彦远的《古往今来名画论》中，他在书中将宣纸描述为理想的书画载体。分析句子结构可知，此处使用了非限制性定语从句，先行词为“OnFamousPaintingsthroughtheAges（《古往今来名画论》）”指物，前已有介词，使用介词+关系代词which引导定语从句，故填which。【42题详解】考查名词。句意：宣纸一词最早出现在唐代学者张彦远的《古往今来名画论》中，他在书中将宣纸描述为理想的书画载体。分析句子结构可知，不定冠词an后填可数名词carrier“载体”的单数形式，作宾语，故填carrier。【43题详解】考查被动语态。句意：这一时期，来自中国东部安徽省泾县的手工宣纸因其质量上乘而被列为朝廷贡品。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词，根据时间状语duringtheperiod可知，陈述过去的事情要使用一般过去时，而HandmadeXuanpaper与list之间为被动关系，要使用一般过去时的被动语态，故填waslisted。【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：宣纸的传统工艺要求极高。分析句子结构可知，系动词后缺少形容词作表语，表示“要求极高的”，故填demanding。【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：整个过程非常复杂，即使是最熟练的工匠也只能掌握有限的步骤。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少形容词作定语修饰名词craftsman，表示“熟练的”，故填skilled。【46题详解】考查时态。句意：水墨的流动，受水的引导和阻力，决定了中国艺术的输出，宣纸以其出色的发挥水墨的能力而出类拔萃。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词，结合and后的时态可知，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在，主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词使用相应的第三人称单数，故填determines。 【47题详解】考查形容词。句意：在造纸过程中，树皮与稻草的比例不同，可以创造出最适合写意水墨画或书法艺术表达的不同画布。根据设空前的best以及名词canvases可知，此处需要使用形容词短语作后置定语，表示“适合”用suitedfor，故填suited。【48题详解】考查时态。句意：宣纸与中国文人墨客的热情笔触相伴了数千年。根据时间状语forthousandsofyears可知，此处要使用现在完成时，主语为第三成人单数，故填hasaccompanied。【49题详解】考查介词。句意：与其他形式的纸张不同，它非常耐时间带来的损坏。短语beresistantto“对……有抵抗力”符合句意，故填to。【50题详解】考查强调句式。句意：正是这种耐久性使中国古代许多珍贵作品的保存成为可能。分析句子结构可知，此处使用了强调句：Itis+强调部分+that（强调人可用who）+其他，强调了句中主语thisdurability，故填that。第四部分写作（共两节，满分535分）第一节短文改错（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Ù)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Theotherday,wetookafamilytriptothelivelytown.Aftertheyarrived,myfamilywanderedaroundinthetown.I,therefore,wasinnomoodtoappreciateofthebeautifulview.IwastoobusyworryingaboutmyschoolworkthatIfailedtopleasemyself.Walkedaimlessly,Iwasattractedbyasleepingcatasitliesonthesideoftheroad.Howrelaxeditlooked!Thedustyroadseemedjustascomfortableasasoftbedtoit.ThenithitmeIwassupposedtorelaxandsimpleenjoylifejustlikethatcat.Weshouldvalueeverypreciousmomentswhenwecanfreelylaughandplay.【答案】1.the→a2.they→we3.therefore→however4.删除of5.too→so6.Walked→Walking7.lies→lay8.在me后加that9.simple→simply10.moments→moment 【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一天作者和家人去一个充满活力的小镇上去旅行，从旅行中作者领悟到要珍惜每个可以自由地欢笑和玩耍的珍贵时刻。【详解】1.考查冠词。句意：前几天，我们全家去一个热闹的小镇旅行。此处泛指一个热闹的小镇，lively以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故将the改为a。2.考查代词。句意：我们到达后，我的家人在镇上闲逛。本句中后半句指的是“我的家人在镇上闲逛”，所以应该是我们达到之后，前后句中人称一致，用人称代词主格we。故将they改为we。3.考查副词。句意：然而，我却没有心情去欣赏美丽的景色。前句讲述的是“我的家人在镇上闲逛”，本句讲述的是“我没有心情欣赏美丽的景色”，前后为转折关系，用副词however。故将therefore改为however。4.考查及物动词。句意：然而，我却没有心情去欣赏美丽的景色。appreciate表示“欣赏”为及物动词，后面直接加宾语。故将of删除。5.考查结果状语从句。句意：我太忙了，担心我的功课，我没能让自己高兴。分析句子结构可知，此处应该为so+adj.+that...引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”。故将too改为so。6.考查非谓语动词。句意：漫无目的地走着，我被一只躺在路边熟睡的猫吸引住了。分析句子结构可知，逻辑主语I与非谓语动词walk之间为主谓关系，表主动，walk需要使用现在分词形式作状语。故将Walked改为Walking。7.考查时态。句意：漫无目的地走着，我被一只躺在路边熟睡的猫吸引住了。本篇文章描述的是过去发生的事情，谓语动词lie使用一般过去时，lie表示“躺”，过去式为lay。故将lies改为lay。8.考查主语从句。句意：然后我突然想到，我应该像那只猫一样放松，简单地享受生活。分析句子结构可知，it为句子的形式主语，真正的主语为“Iwassupposedtorelaxandsimpleenjoylifejustlikethatcat.”，句子中缺少连接词，从句成分完整，所以用that，ithitsb.that...(某人突然想到)是固定句型。故在me后加that。9.考查副词。句意：然后我突然想到，我应该像那只猫一样放松，简单地享受生活。分析句子结构可知，副词simply作状语修饰动词enjoy，此处表示“简单地享受”。故将simple改为simply。10.考查名词单复数。句意：我们应该珍惜每一个我们可以自由地欢笑和玩耍的珍贵时刻。every表示“每一个”后面加名词单数。故将moments改为moment。第二节书面表达（满分525分）52.假定你是校英文报的记者李华，上周五你校学生会在体育场刚举办了一场“慈善义卖”(CharitySale)活动，请你写一篇英语报道。要点如下：1.活动目的和过程;2.活动反响及意义。注意：1.词数100左右; 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Aimedathelpingthestudentsfrompoverty-strickenareas,theStudentUnionlaunchedagrandCharitySalelastFridayatourschool’sstadium,whichwitnessedthekindnessandgenerosityofallthestudentsandteacherspresent.Asscheduled,theactivitybeganat3:00p.m.,lastingthreehours.Whatcamefirstwasamovingspeechdeliveredbyavolunteer,mirroringtheauthenticlifeoftheneedystudentsandkindlingthekindness.Whatsubsequentlyfollowedwastheexcitingsalessectionwheremanysecond-handitems,rangingfromelectronicdevicestooldfancyclothes,weresoldataprettylowprice.Soenthusiasticwereourschoolmatesandteachersthatallgoodsweresnappedupwithinhours.AllthemoneyraisedwouldbesenttotheRedCrossanddistributedtothoseneedystudents.ThisCharitySaleprovedsuccessfulandmeaningful.Notonlydidwestudentspromoteoursocialresponsibilities,butwealsounderstoodeverybitofourkindnesscouldpileupenormousstrength.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇英语报道，报道一下校学生会在体育场刚举办了一场“慈善义卖”(CharitySale)活动，内容包括活动的目的和过程以及反响和意义。【详解】1.词汇积累见证：witness→see按计划：asscheduled→asplanned令人感动的：moving→touching证明是：prove→turnout2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：AllthemoneyraisedwouldbesenttotheRedCrossanddistributedtothoseneedystudents.拓展句：AllthemoneywhichwasraisedwouldbesenttotheRedCrossanddistributedtothoseneedystudents.【点睛】【高分句型1】Aimedathelpingthestudentsfrompoverty-strickenareas,theStudentUnionlauncheda grandCharitySalelastFridayatourschool’sstadium,whichwitnessedthekindnessandgenerosityofallthestudentsandteacherspresent.（运用了过去分词短语作状语以及which引导的非限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】Soenthusiasticwereourschoolmatesandteachersthatallgoodsweresnappedupwithinhours.（运用了so…that…引导结果状语从句以及倒装句）听力：1-5BCAAC6-1BCBAB11-15CBBCA16-2CAABC