重庆市西南大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二上期期中英语试题（Word版附解析）

西南大学附中2023—2024学年度上期期中考试高二英语试题(满分：150分;考试时间：120分钟)注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、班级、考场/座位号、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔填涂;答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔书写;必须在题号对应的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写无效;保持答卷清洁、完整。3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回(试题卷学生保存，以备评讲)。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatpresentdoesEricgetforhisbirthday?A.Abook.B.Adiary.C.Analbum.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:HappyBirthday,Eric.Here’syourpresent!M:Wow!Whatisit?Itfeelslikeabook?Adiarymaybe?Analbum!Thankyou!2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationmostlikelytakeplace?A.Atashoppingmall.B.Atabusstop.C.Inabank.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Doesthisbusgototheshoppingmallinthetowncenter?M:Sorry,no.Thisonegoestothestation.Youneedthenumber7busthatgoestothemarketplace.Goacrossthestreettothebusstopoutsidethebankandgettheonegoingtheotherway.W:Thankyou!3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 WhenwillTomgethisbookbag?A.Today.B.Tomorrow.C.Thedayaftertomorrow.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Hey,Sally.I’vegotTom’sbookbaghere.Canyougiveittohim?W:Iwon’tseehimtoday,Harry.M:Ithashissciencebooksinit.Willyouseehimtomorrow?W:Umm,wehavesciencetogether,thedayafter.I’llgiveittohimthen!4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howistheweathernow?A.Rainy.B.Cloudy.C.Sunny.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Hey,Maria,didyouchecktheforecast?W:Yeah,itlookslikerainlatertoday.M:Oh,butitwassosunnyinthemorning.I’llbringanumbrellajustincase.W:Yeah,it’sjustalittlecloudynowbutyouneverknow.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Howthewomangotthesun.B.Whenthewomanwentsailing.C.Whythewomanhadaholiday.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Wow,you’vecaughtthesun!Wherehaveyoubeen?W:IrecentlyspentacoupleofweeksbythelakebutIactuallygotthisfromworkingthelastfewdays!M:Oh,yeah,Isupposeithasbeenhothere.Iimaginedyou’dbeenlyingonthebeachorsailingaboat!第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whocouldthemanprobablybe?A.Ateacher.B.Areceptionist.C.Aclerk.7Whendoesthewomansuggestvisitingthecenter?A.OnTuesdays.B.OnWednesdays.C.OnThursdays.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】M:Wewouldliketoarrangeavisittoyourcenter.Couldyougiveusareducedpriceforagroupof20studentsplease?W:Yes.WedoaneducationalreductiononTuesdaysandWednesdayssoyouwouldget15%offonthosedaysbutitwouldbebetterifyoucouldcomeonaThursday—we’lldoyouagroupratethenaswell.M:Thatsoundsgreat!Thankyoufortheinformation.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatisthespeakers’destination?A.Themarkets.B.Thewatergardens.C.Theancientdistrict.9Whoisthewomangoingtogetapresentfor?AHerdad.B.Hermum.C.Hersister.【答案】8.B9.A【解析】【原文】M:Meandmysisteraregoingtothewatergardens.Areyoucoming?W:Okay,they’renearthosemarkets,right?M:Yeah,bytheancientdistrict,that’sanimpressivewalktoo.W:Howmuchmoneyareyoutaking?Iwanttobuymydadagift.Hisbirthdayiscoming.M:I’mtaking€40.Thewatergardensare€5togetin.I’vealsogottogetapresentformymumandweneedtocovertransportandfoodtoo.W:Yeah,thatsoundsaboutright.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10.Whatdidthewomanjustdo?A.Sherushedforthetrain.B.Shegotoffthetrain.C.Shecamebackfromtown.11.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Herphonewasstolen.B.Hersportsshoesaredirty.C.Hercoatwaslost.12.Whichwordcanbestdescribethewoman?A.Disorganized.B.Reliable.C.Sporty.【答案】10.A11.B12.A【解析】【原文】W:Ohmygoodness...I’vejustmadeit!Foronce,thetrainwasontime!M:Youdidhavetorunprettyfast.Isawyoufromwaybackthere,andIwasworriedI’dhavetogointotownonmyown!W:Everythingwentwrong.Icouldn’tfindmymobilephoneandthenoneoftheheelsofmyblackshoesbrokeoff.That’swhyI’mwearingmysportsshoes.Ididn’twantto,becausethey’rereallydirty.Ididn’thavetimetocleanthemaftermylastrun.Andtheydon’tmatchmycoatatall.M:Well,atleastyouwereabletorunfast!W:That’strue!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.WhatisWendy’sopinionaboutthemenu?A.It’sordinary.B.It’sattractive.C.It’straditional.14.Whowilldothedeliveriesfirst?A.Wendy.B.Mark.C.Ben.15.Whatdidthemando?A.Heincreasedtheorder.B.Hearrangedtheschedule.C.Hehiredmorepeople.16.WhatwillWendydonext?A.Plansomepromotions.B.Contactrepeatcustomers.C.Addsomethingtothewebsite.【答案】13.B14.C15.A16.C【解析】【原文】M:Here’sthenewmenufortherestaurant,Wendy!W:Oh,Mark!Ilovetheadditionoftheseafoodandvegetarianoptions.They’rewonderfulandexpensivebutIthinkthey’llmakeabigdifference. M:It’llalsohelpusstandoutfromthecompetitionandattractawiderrangeofcustomers.W:Yeah,goodidea!M:Ialsowanttostartofferingdeliveryservices.Wecanreachmorecustomersthatway.Whatdoyouthink?W:We’llneeddeliverydrivers.M:Bensaidhe’dbehappytodoitatfirst.Ifweneedmorepeople,wecanhiresome.W:Howaboutthepackaging?M:I’vegotthatcovered.Iincreasedtheorderforleftoverspackaging.W:That’sperfectthen!M:Umm,I’llhandletheschedulingtomakeroomforthedeliveries.Doyouwanttoaddanythingtothemenubeforewefinalizeit?W:Howaboutadealforrepeatcustomers?It’llbegoodforrepeatcustomerloyalty,andit’llbeanothersellingpointformarketing.I’lladdittoourwebsite.M:Greatidea.I’llmakesuretoincludethatinourpromotions.Thenewmenulookslikeit’sgoingtobeamazing!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whendidthespeakerdecidetobeamechanic?A.Afterhefinishedschool.B.Whenhegotqualifications.C.Ashewasachild.18.Whydidthespeakerleavehistown?A.Tolearnnewskills.B.Tobecomeanadventurer.C.Toexperiencenewthings.19.Whatdidthespeakerthinkofthejobontheshipatfirst?A.Enjoyable.B.Satisfying.C.Tough.20.Whatdidthespeakerdoafterreturningtohiscountry?A.Hewenttravelling.B.Hesetuphisownbusiness.C.Hecompletedsometraining.【答案】17.A18.C19.C20.B【解析】【原文】M:I’dalwaysenjoyedtakingthingsapartandputtingthembacktogetheragainsinceIwasachild,sowhenIleftschool,Idecidedtobecomeamechanic.Istudiedhardandeventuallygotmyqualificationsandstartedworking.First,Iworkedmostlyoncarsandvehicles,butaftergettingboredofmytownandlongingforadventureIdecidedthatIwantedtotrysomethingnew.Idecidedtoapplyforapositionasamechaniconaship.Itwasabigchange,butIwasexcited.Ilearntalotaboutthedifferentsystemsontheshipandhowtokeepthem running.Itwasachallengeandsodifferentfrombefore,IstruggledatfirstbutIenjoyeditonceIgotusedtoit.IfeltagreatsenseofsatisfactionwhenIfixedthings.Thecrewwereallveryhelpfulanditwasagreatexperience.Itravelledallovertheworldandsawsomeamazingplaces.Icompletedmyworkandtravelled.IlearntalotaboutthedifferentculturesandwasabletousetheskillsIlearntinmytraining.Eventually,Ireturnedtomycountryandstartedmyownrepairshop.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFirstreleasedinthelate1950s,Legohasbecomeaniconictoy,whichislovedandappreciatedbymillionsaroundtheworld.Herewe’veputtogethersomeoftheLegosetsthatmayappealtoyou.DarthMaulLegoHeadCost:$1.255Ifyoudon’tknowwhoheis,thenIsuggestyouwatchStarWars:EpisodeI—ThePhantomMenace.ThisLegosetcontainsover1,800smallindividualpieces,makingitanextraordinarysettocomplete.Ifyouhavethetime,patienceanddesiretoputtogetherasetlikethis,youcanearnyourselfsomeseriousbragging(吹嘘)rightsinyourLegosocialcircle!RebelBlockadeRunnerCost:$1.330OneofthebiggestLegosetsonthelististheRebelBlockadeRunner.It’sprettygiant,tosaytheleast,andismadeupofover1,700piecesandisfromStarWars:EpisodeIV—ANewHope.Ifyou’realsoaStarWarsfan,youshouldseriouslythinkaboutaddingthistoyourcollection!EiffelTowerCost:$1.455BreakingoutoftheStarWarsistheEiffelTower,releasedin2007.With3,428pieces,thisisthetallestLegosetonthemarketandshouldonlybeattemptedifyouhavethedeterminationandpatiencetoseeitthrough!Itwasbuiltto1:300scalefromtherealtower.LECAAutomobile(LEGOInsideTourExclusive2005Edition)Cost:$2.350Asoneofthetop5mostexpensiveLegosetsintheworld,it’snotthecoolestormostprettylookingLegoset.However,it’sdifferentandrareandincludes4,060pieces.So,ifcarsareyourthing,pleasecontactusto knowmoreaboutit.21.WhatdotheDarthMaulLegoHeadandRebelBlockadeRunnerhaveincommon?A.Theycontainthesamepieces.B.Theyaresoldatthesameprice.C.Theyrelatetothesamemovieseries.D.Theywerereleasedinthesameyear.22.WhatdoweknowabouttheEiffelTower?A.ItisthemostexpensiveLegoset.B.Itisaminiversionoftherealtower.C.Itisrelativelyeasytoputittogether.D.ItisthebiggestLegosetintheworld.23.Wherecanweprobablyreadthetext?A.Inanacademicblog.B.Inaproductbrochure.C.Inafashionmagazine.D.Inaneconomicjournal.【答案】21.C22.B23.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了一些好玩乐高玩具套装。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据“DarthMaulLegoHead”下面的“Ifyoudon’tknowwhoheis,thenIsuggestyouwatchStarWars:EpisodeI—ThePhantomMenace.(如果你不知道他是谁，那么我建议你看《星球大战前传1：幽灵的威胁》。)”和“RebelBlockadeRunner”下面的“It’sprettygiant,tosaytheleast,andismadeupofover1,700piecesandisfromStarWars:EpisodeIV—ANewHope.(至少可以说，它相当巨大，由1700多块碎片组成，出自《星球大战4：新希望》。)”可知，这两个都与星球大战系列电影有关。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据“EiffelTower”下面的“Itwasbuiltto1:300scalefromtherealtower.(它是从真正的塔楼按1:3的比例建造的。)”可知，埃菲尔铁塔乐高玩具是真实铁塔的迷你版。故选B。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Herewe’veputtogethersomeoftheLegosetsthatmayappealtoyou.(在这里，我们整理了一些可能对你有吸引力的乐高玩具套装。)”和下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了几款乐高玩具套装的价格和特点，由此可推测出，这篇文章很可能出自一个产品小册子。故选B。BRainwasbeatingdownonmycarasIdroveslowlydownaless-traveledroad.Suddenlythesteeringwheeljumpedinmyhandsasoneofthetiresburstwithabang.Itwasimpossibleformetochangethattire!Athoughtthatapassingmotoristmightstopdisappearedatonce.Whywouldanyone?IknewIwouldn’t.ThenIrememberedthatashortdistanceupalittlesideroadwasahouse.IstartedtheengineanddroveslowlyuntilI cametothathouse.Isoundedthehorn.Thenthedooropenedandalittlegirlabouteightstoodthere.IrolleddownthewindowandcalledoutthatIneededsomeonetochangetheflattirebecauseIwasdisabledandcouldn’tdoitmyself.Amomentlater,thegirlcameoutwitharaincoatandahat,followedbyamanwhocalledacheerfulgreeting.Isatthere,comfortableanddry,andfeltsorryforthemanandthelittlegirlworkingsohardinthestorm.Well,Iwouldpaythemforit.Therainseemedtobelittlenow,andIrolleddownthewindowtowatch.ItseemedtomethattheywereawfullyslowandIwasbeginningtobecomeimpatient.Finally,itwasdoneandthentheywerestandingatmycarwindow.Hesaid,“Thisisabadnightforcartrouble,butyou’reallsetnow.”“Thanks,”Isaid.“HowmuchdoIoweyou?”Heshookhishead.“Nothing,madam.Cynthiatoldmeyouareoncrutches(腋杖).Gladtobeofhelp.There’snocharge.”Iheldoutafive-dollarbill,buthemadenoefforttotakeitandthelittlegirlsteppedclosertomeandsaid,“Grandpacan’tseeit.”Ablindoldmanandachild!Theywerejustworkingwithcold,wetfingersfortoolsinthedark—adarknessthatforhimwouldprobablyneverenduntildeath.Idon’trememberhowlongIsatthereaftertheysaidgoodnight,butitwaslongenoughformetosearchdeepwithinmyself.IrealizedthatIwasfilledwithself-pity,selfishness,indifferencetotheneedsofothers.Helpingothersisawayoflife,onethatIamtryingtofollow.Itisn’talwayseasy,butthevalueisthere.Iamtryingnownotonlytoclimb14stepseachday,butinmysmallwaytohelpothers.24.Whydidn’tthewriterexpectpassers-bytohelpher?A.Theywouldn’tnoticeherintherain.B.Sheknewsomeoneinahousecouldhelp.C.Theywereunlikelytotravelonthatroad.D.Shethoughttheywouldignoreothers’needs.25.Howdidthewriterfeelwhenfindingtherepairworkslow?A.Annoyed.B.Nervous.C.Concerned.D.Doubtful.26.Whatdoweknowaboutthegrandfather?A.Helosthissight.B.Hewasoldandlonely.C.Hewaschildlessandpoor.D.Hewasarealprofessional.27.Whatdoesthewritertrytoillustratebysharingherexperience?A.Godhelpsthosewhohelpothers.B.Practicecanmakethedisabledskillful.C.Moneyisnotnecessarilythemostimportant.D.Thedisabledshouldalsotrytoofferhelpinghands. 【答案】24.D25.A26.A27.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在一个雨夜车胎爆了，找到一户人家帮自己更换轮胎，却因为小女孩和祖父更换轮胎的速度太慢而逐渐不耐烦。作者最后得知祖父看不见，为自己对他人的需要漠不关心和不为他人着想感到羞愧，决定此后开始帮助他人。【24题详解】推理判断题。由第一段中“Itwasimpossibleformetochangethattire!Athoughtthatapassingmotoristmightstopdisappearedatonce.Whywouldanyone?IknewIwouldn’t.(我根本不可能换那个轮胎！一个路过的司机可能会停车的想法立刻消失了。为什么会有人？我知道我不会碰到)”和倒数第二段中“IrealizedthatIwasfilledwithself-pity,selfishness,indifferencetotheneedsofothers.(我意识到我充满了自怜、自私和对他人需求的漠不关心)”可推知，作者认为他人会像自己一样对他人需求的漠不关心（或会忽视别人的需求），所以认为路人不会帮助她。故选D项。【25题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中“ItseemedtomethattheywereawfullyslowandIwasbeginningtobecomeimpatient.(在我看来，他们太慢了，我开始变得不耐烦了)”可知，当作者发现维修工作进展缓慢时，作者有点不耐烦，生气了。故选A项。【26题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中“Iheldoutafive-dollarbill,buthemadenoefforttotakeitandthelittlegirlsteppedclosertomeandsaid,“Grandpacan’tseeit.”(我拿出一张五美元的钞票，但他没有尽力拿走，小女孩走近我说：“爷爷看不见。”)”和倒数第二段中“Ablindoldmanandachild!(一个失明的老人和一个孩子)”可知，小女孩的祖父失明了。故选A项。【27题详解】推理判断题。由第二段中“IrolleddownthewindowandcalledoutthatIneededsomeonetochangetheflattirebecauseIwasdisabledandcouldn’tdoitmyself(我摇下车窗，大声说我需要有人帮我换爆胎，因为我是残疾人，自己做不到)”，倒数第二段中“IrealizedthatIwasfilledwithself-pity,selfishness,indifferencetotheneedsofothers.(我意识到我充满了自怜、自私和对他人需求的漠不关心)”和最后一段“Helpingothersisawayoflife,onethatIamtryingtofollow.Itisn’talwayseasy,butthevalueisthere.Iamtryingnownotonlytoclimb14stepseachday,butinmysmallwaytohelpothers.(帮助他人是一种生活方式，我正努力遵循这种生活方式。这并不总是容易的，但价值是存在的。我现在不仅努力每天爬14步，而且用我的小方法帮助别人)”可知，残疾的作者从上述经历中学到了自己不应该自私，应该尽可能帮助别人，即残疾人也应该尽力伸出援助之手。故选D项。 CInsurancecompaniesarestartingtousesmartboxtechnology,sogooddriverscanbenefitfromcheapinsurancerates.Thesmartbox,similartoablackboxforairplanes,recordsdetailsabouthowyourcarisdriven,whichcancontributetocheapcarinsuranceforresponsibledrivers.Thedeviceisconnectedtotheelectronicsinyourcarandcollectsinformationsuchastime,speed,braking,cornering,accelerationandlocation.It’slikehavinganinsuranceagentsittingbesideyouwhiledriving.Thesmartboxdataiswirelesslytransferredinrealtimetotheinsurancecompanyandprovidesaprofileofwhen,whereandhowyoudrive.Thisprofileisthenusedtocompareinsuranceratesandtorewardlow-riskdrivingbehaviorwithcheapinsurancerates.Driversarehigh-riskwhentheydriveirresponsiblysuchasspeeding,frequentlanechanging,drivinginhigh-risklocationsorathigh-risktimessuchasinheavytrafficorlateatnight.Thesenewelectronicinventionsareintendedtopracticeanewstandardinlieuofthepreviouswaytosortdriversintogroupbehaviortodetermineinsurancecoverageandpremium(保费)payments.Forexample,youngdriversaremorelikelytodrivefast,driveatnightanduseacellphonewhiledriving.Statistically,youngdriversaremorelikelytocauseanaccident,soinsurancecompanieschargethemhigherratestocoverthecostsofaccidentclaims.Soevenifyou’reayoung,responsibledriver,youwillpayhighinsuranceratesbecauseofgroupbehavior.Thistechnologyallowsyoutoprovideproofthatyourdrivingbehaviordoesn’tfitthepatternofyourdemographic(统计)group.Alltheinformationcollectedaboutyourdrivingcanbeviewedonline—includingwhatyou’redoingwellandwhatcouldbeimproved.Yourinsurancepremiumisthencalculatedaccordingtoyourdrivingprofile.28.Whatdoweknowaboutthesmartboxaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Itisablackbox.B.Ithelpsreducecarinsurance.C.Itbenefitsresponsibledrivers.D.Itrecordshowthecarisproduced.29.Howdoestheinsurancecompanymonitorthedriving?A.Bymonitoringthedeviceinthecar.B.Bycollectingthesmartboxdata.C.Bywatchingthetrafficontheroads.D.Byarranginganagentbesidethedriver.30.Whichofthefollowingcanbestexplaintheunderlinedphrase“inlieuof”inparagraph5?A.Insteadof.B.Fullof.C.Indefenseof.D.Infavorof.31.Whatwilltheuseofsmartboxesbringabout?A.Betterserviceforcars.B.Muchlowerpricesofgas. C.Moreconvenienttransport.D.Morereasonableinsurancecharge.【答案】28.C29.B30.A31.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种可安装在汽车上的仪器，它可以记录司机在驾车过程中的各种信息，然后把数据传给保险公司，从而作为司机缴纳保险费的依据。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thesmartbox,similartoablackboxforairplanes,recordsdetailsabouthowyourcarisdriven,whichcancontributetocheapcarinsuranceforresponsibledrivers.(这个智能盒子，类似于飞机上的黑匣子，记录你的汽车如何驾驶的细节，这可以为负责任的司机提供便宜的汽车保险。)”可知，智能盒子有利于负责任的司机。故选C。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thesmartboxdataiswirelesslytransferredinrealtimetotheinsurancecompanyandprovidesaprofileofwhen,whereandhowyoudrive.(智能盒子的数据通过无线实时传输到保险公司，并提供你何时、何地以及如何开车的资料。)”可知，保险公司通过在线收集驾驶数据监控驾驶行为，故选B。【30题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Thesenewelectronicinventionsareintendedtopracticeanewstandard”以及后文“previouswaytosortdriversintogroupbehaviortodetermineinsurancecoverageandpremium(保费)payments”可知，这些新的电子发明旨在实践一种新的标准，而不是用以前的方式，这种标准将司机分类为群体行为，以确定保险范围和保费支付，故划线词意思是“而不是”。故选A。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Thesenewelectronicinventionsareintendedtopracticeanewstandardinlieuofthepreviouswaytosortdriversintogroupbehaviortodetermineinsurancecoverageandpremium(保费)payments.(这些新的电子发明旨在实践一种新的标准，以取代以前的方式，将司机分类为群体行为，以确定保险范围和保费支付。)”可推断，智能盒子的使用会使保险费用更合理。故选D。DChinesescientistshavediscoveredanewwaterreservoir(储备)onthemoonintheformofglassbeads(珠子),whichcouldhavemajorsignificanceforfindingoutwateroftheearth’sonlynaturalsatelliteandpotentiallyobtainingthemtosupportfuturelunarmissions.AstudypublishedinthejournalNatureGeosciencelastweekrevealedsoilsamplescollectedbyChina’sChang’e-5lunarprobecontainedglassbeadsthatheldwaterintheformofhydroxyl.Theseglassbeadsarecreatedwhenmeteoroids(流星体)hitthemoon’ssurface,throwinguphotmoltendropletswhichthencoolandturnsolid. Theyfunctionlikeasponge,takinginhydrogenatomscarriedbythesolarwindtoformhydroxyl,thusplayinganimportantroleinthewatercycleofthelunarsurface.Whileeachbeadonlyholdsatinyamountofwater,theseglassballscanbeseeneverywhereonthemoonandresearchersestimatedlunarsoilscouldstoreasmuchas270billionmetrictonsofwater.Fordecades,scientiststhoughtthemoonwascompletelydryuntildiscoveriesinrecentyearsrevealeditssoilcouldholdwater.“Themoonpotentiallyholding270billionmetrictonsofwaterisquitesubstantial,thoughitpalesincomparisontotheamountofwaterintheearth’soceans,”saidHuSen,aresearcherfromtheInstituteofGeologyandGeophysicsoftheChineseAcademyofSciencesandoneofthekeyscientistsbehindthestudy.Thesefindingsnotonlyprovideinsightsintotheorigins,storage,andtransportationofwateroncelestialbodieswithoutatmospheres,buttheyalsomayprovehelpfulforplanningandbuildingasustainablehumanhabitatontheseplanets,headded.However,thespecificoriginsofthewateronthelunarsurfaceremainamystery.Thestudypresentedseveralpotentialsources,includingsolarwindimplantation,thereleaseoftrappedgaswhenthemoonwashotandvolcanicallyactive,andsoon.32.Whatistheuseoftheglassbeads?A.Absorbingwater.B.Dryingwater.C.Creatingwater.D.Recyclingwater.33.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph3?A.Themoonwasadryplacefordecades.B.Themoonholdsasmuchwaterastheearthdoes.C.Scientistsdiscoveredthemooncouldstoremuchwater.D.Theamountofwateronthemooniscomparativelylarge.34.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Theresearchfindingsarebeneficial.B.Furtherresearchneedstobedone.C.Watersourceshavebeenidentified.D.Morebreakthroughswillbemade.35.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.NewDiscovery:WaterontheMoonB.NewFinding:GlassBeadsonaSatelliteC.FutureHabitatforHumans:TheMoonD.FutureMissions:China’sChang’eLunarProbes【答案】32.A33.C34.B35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述中国科学家在月球上发现了水存在的证据。【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Theyfunctionlikeasponge,takinginhydrogenatomscarriedbythesolarwindtoformhydroxyl,thusplayinganimportantroleinthewatercycleofthelunarsurface.(它们的功能就像海绵一样，吸收太阳风携带的氢原子形成羟基，因此在月球表面的水循环中起着重要作用)”可知，月球上的“玻璃珠”的功能是吸住水分。故选A。【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Whileeachbeadonlyholdsatinyamountofwater,theseglassballscanbeseeneverywhereonthemoonandresearchersestimatedlunarsoilscouldstoreasmuchas270billionmetrictonsofwater.Fordecades,scientiststhoughtthemoonwascompletelydryuntildiscoveriesinrecentyearsrevealeditssoilcouldholdwater.“Themoonpotentiallyholding270billionmetrictonsofwaterisquitesubstantial,thoughitpalesincomparisontotheamountofwaterintheearth’soceans,”saidHuSen,aresearcherfromtheInstituteofGeologyandGeophysicsoftheChineseAcademyofSciencesandoneofthekeyscientistsbehindthestudy.(虽然每个玻璃球只含有少量的水，但这些玻璃球在月球上随处可见，研究人员估计月球土壤可以储存多达2700亿吨的水。几十年来，科学家们一直认为月球是完全干燥的，直到近年来发现它的土壤可以储存水。中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所研究员、该研究背后的主要科学家之一胡森表示：“月球可能拥有2700亿吨水，这是相当可观的，尽管与地球海洋中的水量相比相形见绌。”)”可知，第三段主要说明了科学家发现月球可以储存大量的水。故选C。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“However,thespecificoriginsofthewateronthelunarsurfaceremainamystery.(然而，月球表面水的具体来源仍然是一个谜)”可推知，科学家还要做进一步的研究找到水的来源。故选B。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Chinesescientistshavediscoveredanewwaterreservoir(储备)onthemoonintheformofglassbeads(珠子),whichcouldhavemajorsignificanceforfindingoutwateroftheearth’sonlynaturalsatelliteandpotentiallyobtainingthemtosupportfuturelunarmissions.(中国科学家在月球上发现了一个以“玻璃珠”形式存在的新水库，这对于探测地球唯一的天然卫星的水含量具有重要意义，并有可能提取水以支持未来的月球任务。)”可知，这篇文章主要讲在月球上发现了水。A项“新发现：月球表面有水”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Whilericeandwheatarethetwocommonlyconsumedcerealgrainsnationwideastudycoveringover100,000peopleinNorthwestChinahasrevealedthatchoosingriceasastaplefoodmayleadtoalowerriskofobesity(肥胖症).____36____Theyweredividedintothreegroupsaccordingtotheirweeklyriceandwheatintake.Thefirstgroupeatsriceastheirstaplefood.Thesecondgroup’sstaplefoodiswheat,andthethirdgroupconsumesbothriceandwheatastheirstaplefood,withsimilarfrequency.Theresultsshowricepreferencemaybeassociatedwithalowerriskofobesityintheparticipants.____37____Whenwheatloverschangedtheirstaplefoodtorice,theparticipantsshoweda36.5percentlowerriskofnormal-weightobesityinmenanda20.5percentlowerriskinwomen.Previousstudiesshowthatwheatproteinpromotedweightgainbyreducingheatproductionandenergyconsumption,whilericeproteinshowsthepotentialforanti-obesityeffects.____38____Soitleadstoahigherenergydensity(密度)ofwheatthanrice.AccordingtotheChineseFoodCompositionTable,theenergycontentofnoodlesorsteamedbreadisthreetimesthatofcookedriceofthesameweight.____39____Wheatloverstendtoeatlargebowlsofnoodleswithfewervegetablesorlessmeat,andsometimesevenwithalargeamountofoil.Theresearchersconcludedricepreferencecouldbeassociatedwithlowerrisksoffatness.TheyalsonotedthatgiventhevastlandanddiverseethnicgroupspresentinNorthwestChina,thereasonsabovedonotproveeverything.____40____A.Besides,riceloverspaymoreattentiontonutrients.B.Higherwheatintakeisrelevanttohigherrisksofobesity.C.Researcherscollecteddatafromparticipantsaged35to74.D.Moreover,wheatabsorbslesswaterthanricewhencooked.E.Meanwhile,riceloversoftenincludemorevegetablesandmeatintheirdiet.F.Participantswithwheatpreferencearelikelytodevelopunknowndiseases.G.Furtherstudiesarenecessarytofullyunderstandhiddenreasonsfortheobservedlinks.【答案】36.C37.B38.D39.E40.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了虽然大米和小麦是全国最常食用的两种谷物，但一项覆盖中国西北地区10万多人的研究显示，选择大米作为主食可能会降低肥胖的风险。文章解释了研究开展的经过以及建议。 【36题详解】根据后文“Theyweredividedintothreegroupsaccordingtotheirweeklyriceandwheatintake.(他们根据每周大米和小麦的摄入量被分成三组)”可知，本句主要是在说明研究进行的过程，C选项中participants对应后文They。故C选项“研究人员从35岁到74岁的参与者中收集数据”符合语境，故选C。【37题详解】根据后文“Whenwheatloverschangedtheirstaplefoodtorice,theparticipantsshoweda36.5percentlowerriskofnormal-weightobesityinmenanda20.5percentlowerriskinwomen.(当爱吃小麦的人把主食换成大米时，男性患正常体重肥胖的风险降低了36.5%，女性患正常体重肥胖的风险降低了20.5%)”可知，后文提到爱吃小麦的人把主食换成大米，男性和女性的肥胖风险都降低了，说明小麦摄入量与较高的肥胖风险相关。故B选项“较高的小麦摄入量与较高的肥胖风险相关”符合语境，故选B。【38题详解】根据上文“Previousstudiesshowthatwheatproteinpromotedweightgainbyreducingheatproductionandenergyconsumption,whilericeproteinshowsthepotentialforanti-obesityeffects.(先前的研究表明，小麦蛋白通过减少热量产生和能量消耗来促进体重增加，而大米蛋白则显示出抗肥胖的潜在作用)”以及后文“Soitleadstoahigherenergydensity(密度)ofwheatthanrice.(因此，小麦的能量密度比大米高)”可知，本句是在说明“小麦的能量密度比大米高”的原因：小麦在烹饪时比大米吸收的水分少。故D选项“此外，小麦在烹饪时比大米吸收的水分少”符合语境，故选D。【39题详解】根据上文“AccordingtotheChineseFoodCompositionTable,theenergycontentofnoodlesorsteamedbreadisthreetimesthatofcookedriceofthesameweight.(根据《中国食物成分表》，面条或馒头的能量含量是同等重量的米饭的三倍)”以及后文“Wheatloverstendtoeatlargebowlsofnoodleswithfewervegetablesorlessmeat,andsometimesevenwithalargeamountofoil.(爱吃小麦的人往往吃大碗的面条，蔬菜少，肉少，有时甚至加大量的油)”可知，后文提到了爱吃小麦的人应该吃什么，故本句是在说明爱吃米饭的人应该补充哪类食物。故E选项“与此同时，爱吃米饭的人经常在他们的饮食中加入更多的蔬菜和肉类”符合语境，故选E。【40题详解】根据上文“Theresearchersconcludedricepreferencecouldbeassociatedwithlowerrisksoffatness.TheyalsonotedthatgiventhevastlandanddiverseethnicgroupspresentinNorthwestChina,thereasonsabovedonotproveeverything.(研究人员得出结论，偏爱大米可能与较低的肥胖风险有关。他们还指出，鉴于中国西北地区幅员辽阔、民族多样，上述理由并不能证明一切)”可知，上文提到了上述理由并不能证明一切，说明还需要进一步研究。故G选项“需要进一步的研究来充分理解所观察到的联系背后隐藏的原因”符合语境，故选 G。第三部分英语知识运用(共三节，满分45分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ThehomelessnessepidemicisnowgoingtobesolvedinauniquewaybytwoSeattle-bornnon-profitorganizations.Through“TheBLOCKProject”,tiny____41____homesarebeingbuiltinthebackyardsofthevolunteers,tobe____42____tothehomelessoftheneighborhood.FounderoftheBLOCK,RexHohlbeinjoinedFacingHomelessness,anothernon-profitorganizationto____43____theproject.Thelatteronehasthe____44____offindinglands,onwhichtheBLOCKwillberesponsibleto____45____small,low-emissionhousing.Meanwhile,thousandsofSeattleresidentshavealreadyofferedtheirbackyardsfortheproject.____46____,thegovernmentalso____47____tomaketheprocesslegallyconvenient.Seattlehasbeenfacingadualproblemofhaving____48____housingononehand,andthecountry’s3rdlargesthomelesscommunityontheother.Insuchcontext,Hohlbein____49____thatwillingnessofkindneighborscould____50____abetterandquickersolutionthanalongwaitingforstateassistance.ThegoaloftheprojectistointroducethegloballychangingdefinitionofaccommodationbroughtbyAirbnb.AccordingtoHohlbein,inhischildhood,hethoughtit____51____tothinkabout____52____strangersinanyregularhouseholdjustin____53____forlittlemoney.ButAirbnbhasmadetheconcept____54____.Throughtheproject,Hohlbeinaimsto____55____thesamekindof“culturalshift”withsustainablehousing,startingfromthegrass-rootleveloflocalneighborhoods.41.A.gorgeousB.specialC.lovelyD.sustainable42.A.returnedB.deliveredC.movedD.sold43.A.takeinB.carryoutC.liveonD.gothrough44.A.freedomB.opportunityC.dutyD.request45.A.constructB.changeC.donateD.repair46.A.InstantlyB.AdditionallyC.GraduallyD.Eventually47.A.brokeinB.steppedinC.calmeddownD.sloweddown48.A.expensiveB.temporaryC.modernD.extraordinary49.A.doubtedB.hesitatedC.realizedD.accepted50.A.regainB.obtainC.selectD.provide 51.A.illegalB.typicalC.normalD.ridiculous52.A.monitoringB.introducingC.hostingD.persuading53.A.timeB.preparationC.exchangeD.return54.A.possibleB.accurateC.clearD.complicated55.A.reflectB.removeC.recreateD.recommend【答案】41.D42.B43.B44.C45.A46.B47.B48.A49.C50.D51.D52.C53.C54.A55.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了西雅图的两个非营利组织将以一种独特的方式解决无家可归的问题，一个是BLOCK项目，另一个是FacingHomelessness项目。文章介绍了项目是如何运作的以及BLOCK创始人对此的看法。【41题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过“BLOCK项目”，在志愿者的后院建造了微型可持续住房，并将其交付给附近无家可归的人。A.gorgeous美丽的；B.special特别的；C.lovely可爱的；D.sustainable可持续的。根据后文“low-emissionhousing”可知，这些住房很环保，是可持续住房。后文“thesamekindof“culturalshift”withsustainablehousing”也是提示。故选D。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过“BLOCK项目”，在志愿者的后院建造了微型可持续住房，并将其交付给附近无家可归的人。A.returned返回；B.delivered递送，交付；C.moved移动；D.sold出售。根据后文“tothehomelessoftheneighborhood”可知，这些住房被交付给无家可归的人。故选B。【43题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：BLOCK的创始人RexHohlbein加入了另一个非营利组织“面对无家可归”来执行这个项目。A.takein吸收；B.carryout执行；C.liveon继续存在；D.gothrough经历。根据后文“theproject”指执行项目，应用carryout。故选B。【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：后者的职责是寻找土地，BLOCK将负责在其上建造小型，低排放的住房。A.freedom自由；B.opportunity机会；C.duty义务，职责；D.request要求。根据后文“offindinglands”指组织的职责是寻找土地。故选C。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后者的职责是寻找土地，BLOCK将负责在其上建造小型，低排放的住房。A.construct建造；B.change改变；C.donate捐赠；D.repair修理。根据上文“onwhichtheBLOCKwillbe responsibleto”可知，找到了土地后，BLOCK将负责在其上建造小型，低排放的住房。故选A。【46题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，政府也介入，使这一过程在法律上方便。A.Instantly立刻；B.Additionally此外；C.Gradually逐渐地；D.Eventually最后。后文提到的政府的介入是对上文的补充，表示“此外”应用Additionally。故选B。【47题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：此外，政府也介入，使这一过程在法律上方便。A.brokein闯入；B.steppedin介入；C.calmeddown平静下来；D.sloweddown减速。根据后文“tomaketheprocesslegallyconvenient”可知，指政府介入来简化程序使更顺利。故选B。【48题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：西雅图一直面临着双重问题，一方面是昂贵的住房，另一方面是全国第三大无家可归者社区。A.expensive昂贵的；B.temporary暂时的；C.modern现代的；D.extraordinary卓越的。根据上文“Seattlehasbeenfacingadualproblem”提到了面对的是两大问题，说明住房是昂贵的，导致住不起。故选A。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这种情况下，Hohlbein意识到，好心的邻居的意愿可以提供比长期等待国家援助更好更快的解决方案。A.doubted怀疑；B.hesitated犹豫；C.realized意识到；D.accepted接受。后文“好心的邻居的意愿可以提供比长期等待国家援助更好更快的解决方案”是Hohlbein意识到的内容。故选C。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这种情况下，Hohlbein意识到，好心的邻居的意愿可以提供比长期等待国家援助更好更快的解决方案。A.regain恢复；B.obtain获得；C.select选择；D.provide提供。根据后文“abetterandquickersolution”指邻居可以提供解决方案，应用provide。故选D。【51题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：根据Hohlbein的说法，在他的童年时期，他认为在任何普通家庭里招待陌生人只是为了换取很少的钱是荒谬的。A.illegal非法的；B.typical典型的；C.normal正常的；D.ridiculous荒谬的。根据后文“strangersinanyregularhouseholdjustin　13　forlittlemoney.”可知，在任何普通家庭里招待陌生人，在Hohlbein小时候认为这很荒谬，故选D。【52题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据Hohlbein的说法，在他的童年时期，他认为在任何普通家庭里招待陌生人只是为了换取很少的钱是荒谬的。A.monitoring监视；B.introducing介绍；C.hosting主持，招待；D. persuading说服。根据后文“strangersinanyregularhousehold”此处指招待陌生人来换钱。故选C。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据Hohlbein的说法，在他的童年时期，他认为在任何普通家庭里招待陌生人只是为了换取很少的钱是荒谬的。A.time时间；B.preparation准备；C.exchange交换；D.return返回。根据后文“forlittlemoney”可知，此处为短语inexchangefor表示“交换”。故选C。【54题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但Airbnb让这个概念成为可能。A.possible可能的；B.accurate准确的；C.clear清楚的；D.complicated复杂的。根据上文“ButAirbnbhasmadetheconcept”以及常识可知，Airbnb（爱彼迎）是美国的短租平台，它让在家里招待陌生人这个概念成为了可能。故选A。【55题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过这个项目，Hohlbein旨在通过可持续住房推荐同样的“文化转变”，从当地社区的基层开始。A.reflect反射；B.remove去除；C.recreate娱乐；D.recommend推荐。根据后文“thesamekindof“culturalshift”withsustainablehousing”可知，Hohlbein旨在通过可持续住房推荐同样的“文化转变”，从当地社区的基层开始。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)根据句意和提示用正确的单词把句子补充完整。Howdoyouchoosetorestwhenyou’refeelingphysically____56____(exhaust)?Manypeoplemaynotrealizethatsomeactions,____57____mayseemlikerestandrelaxationatfirstglance,canactuallyconsumeenergy,harmthebody,andnegativelyaffectemotions,ultimatelyleadingtolong-lastingdamageto____58____(we)physicalandmentalhealth.Ascommonlyrecognized,sleepisofirreplaceablevalue.Sleeprechargesourbodies,restoresourenergyandalso____59____(strength)memory.After____60____longerperiodofoversleeping,however,somepeoplemaynotfeelenergeticbutratherfainterthanbefore,withsymptomsincludingheadachesandfatigue.Scientistsrefertothis____61____“sleepdrunkenness”.Mostpeopleareawarethatthefunctionofsugaris____62____(promote)thereleaseofdopamine,providingasenseofpleasure.____63____,theydon’trealizethattoomuchsugarintakecannotonlyaccountforobesitybutalsoincreasethepossibilityofdepression.Tobespecific,individualswhoconsumebeveragescontainingapproximately45gramsofsugarperdayexperiencea5%higherriskofdevelopingdepression.Furthermore,thosewhoconsumebeverageswithabout98gramsofsugarperdayfacea____64____(significant)greaterrisk,witha25%increaseinthelikelihoodofexperiencing_____65_____(anxious). 【答案】56.exhausted57.which58.our59.strengthens60.a61.as62.topromote##promoting63.However64.significantly65.anxiety【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些乍一看像是休息和放松的行为，实际上会消耗能量，伤害身体，并对情绪产生负面影响，最终导致对我们身心健康的长期损害。以及摄入过多的糖会导致肥胖，增加患抑郁症的可能性。【56题详解】考查形容词。句意：许多人可能没有意识到，一些乍一看像是休息和放松的行为，实际上会消耗能量，伤害身体，并对情绪产生负面影响，最终导致对我们身心健康的长期损害。当你感到身体疲惫时，你如何选择休息？作表语，且修饰人，应用形容词exhausted。故填exhausted。【57题详解】考查定语从句。句意：许多人可能没有意识到，一些乍一看像是休息和放松的行为，实际上会消耗能量，伤害身体，并对情绪产生负面影响，最终导致对我们身心健康的长期损害。空格处引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词someactions，在从句中作主语，指物，故填which。【58题详解】考查代词。句意：许多人可能没有意识到，一些乍一看像是休息和放松的行为，实际上会消耗能量，伤害身体，并对情绪产生负面影响，最终导致对我们身心健康的长期损害。修饰后文名词health应用形容词性物主代词our。故填our。【59题详解】考查动词。句意：睡眠给我们的身体充电，恢复我们的能量，也增强我们的记忆力。作谓语，应用动词strengthen，根据上文recharges可知为一般现在时，主语为sleep，谓语用三单形式。故填strengthens。【60题详解】考查冠词。句意：然而，在长时间的睡过头后，有些人可能会感到精力不足，反而比以前更虚弱，症状包括头痛和疲劳。根据空格后的单数可数名词period可知，此处应该用不定冠词，longer的发音是辅音音素开头，所以用a。故填a。 【61题详解】考查介词。句意：科学家称之为“睡眠醉酒”。表示“把……称为……”短语为refertosth.as…。故填as。【62题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：大多数人都知道糖的功能是促进多巴胺的释放，提供一种快感。此处作表语，可用动名词，或用不定式，说明主语的内容。故填topromote/promoting。【63题详解】考查副词。句意：然而，他们没有意识到摄入过多的糖不仅会导致肥胖，还会增加患抑郁症的可能性。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，且有逗号隔开，应用however，首字母大写。故填However。【64题详解】考查副词。句意：此外，那些每天饮用含糖饮料约98克的人面临着更大的风险，焦虑的可能性增加了25%。修饰后文形容词应用副词significantly，故填significantly。【65题详解】考查名词。句意：此外，那些每天饮用含糖饮料约98克的人面临着更大的风险，焦虑的可能性增加了25%。作动词的宾语，应用名词anxiety，不可数。故填anxiety。第三节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)根据句意和提示用正确的单词把句子补充完整。66.Tobehonest,Ifoundthisongoing________(argue)rathershallow.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】argument【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：说实话，我觉得这种持续的争论相当肤浅。ongoing是形容词，修饰名词，argue的名词是argument，意为“争论”，由this可知，空格处用单数名词作宾语，故填argument。67.Highbloodpressureresults________manyirregularhabits,suchasstayinguplate.(用适当的词填空)【答案】from【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意：高血压是由许多不规律的习惯引起的，比如熬夜。根据句意，Highbloodpressure和manyirregularhabits之间是因果关系，不规律的习惯导致高血压。resultfrom意为“由……引起”，为固定搭配。故填from。68.Inclosing,thetailormadeasincere________(apologize)totheannoyedcustomer.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】apology 【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：最后，裁缝向生气的顾客诚恳地道歉。作动词的宾语，且有不定冠词，应填单数名词apology。故填apology。69.Thebusdriverwillpostponethedeparturetimebecausethegas________(run)outsofar.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】hasrun【解析】【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：汽车司机将推迟出发时间，因为到目前为止汽油已经用完了。设空处为because引导的原因状语从句的谓语，根据时间状语sofar，可知句子的时态为现在完成时，主语为thegas,结合主谓一致，故填hasrun。70.Thesefacilitiesarenotaccessibleunlessyouask________(permit)fromthegovernment.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】permission【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：除非你得到政府的许可，否则这些设施是不能使用的。空格处用名词作宾语，permit的名词是permission，意为“允许”，是不可数名词，故填permission。71.Theadvertisingagencyhas________(sufficiency)budgettomaintainitsnormaloperation.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】sufficient【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：广告公司有足够的预算维持其正常运作。此处修饰后文名词budget，应用形容词sufficient“足够的”，作定语。故填sufficient。72.ApinkriverdolphinleaptoutoftheAmazonRiverand________(spot)byalocalfisherman.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】wasspotted【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。句意：一只粉红色的河豚从亚马逊河跃出，并且被当地一个渔民发现。主语Apinkriverdolphin与谓语spot构成被动关系，根据上文ApinkriverdolphinleaptoutoftheAmazonRiver可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为Apinkriverdolphin是单数，be动词用was。故填wasspotted。73.________(attach)toSouthwestUniversity,ourschoolseemstohavelimitlesslearningresources.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Attached【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们学校附属于西南大学，似乎拥有无限的学习资源。分析句子结构，空处前后没有连接词，空前没有主语，所以应用非谓语动词。attach和ourschool之间是动宾关系，这里应用过去分词，作状语。beattachedto...意为“附属于……”。故填Attached。74.Joey,anintelligentcomedianwithalongandoddbeard,wasthelastone________(perform)onthestage.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】toperform【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：乔伊是一个聪明的喜剧演员，留着又长又怪的胡子，是最后一个上台表演的人。one前有thelast修饰，后跟不定式作后置定语。故填toperform。75.Hungryandtired,Iwasabouttolosemytemper________thedeliverymanappearedwithsweatrunningdownhisface.(用适当的词填空)【答案】when【解析】【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：我又饿又累，正想发脾气的时候，快递员满脸是汗地出现了。分析句子，句中构成“beabouttodowhen+从句”的固定句型，意为“即将做某事，就在此时……”，空处应用when引导时间状语从句。故填when。76.Jonathan’svoicewasextremelyweak,________(indicate)thathehadn’tgotenoughsleeplastnight.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】indicating【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：乔纳森的声音非常微弱，表明他昨晚没睡够。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处是非谓语动词，是伴随谓语动作自然产生的结果，作结果状语，动词indicate和句子的主语之间是主动关系，应用indicate的现在分词形式。故填indicating。77.Abanonsomesingle-useplasticsstressesgreatimportanceofusing________(recycle)shoppingbagsinourdailylives.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】recyclable##recycled【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：对一些一次性塑料的禁令强调了在我们的日常生活中使用可回收购物袋的重要性。形容词recyclable(可回收利用的，可再循环的)/recycled (可循环再造的，回收利用的)作定语，修饰名词短语shoppingbags。故填recyclable/recycled。78.Thetwosatellites________(launch)totheMoonlastweekaremainlyusedtotransmittelevisionprograms.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】launched【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：上周发射到月球的两颗卫星主要用于传送电视节目。句中谓语是aremainlyused，空格处用非谓语动词，satellites和launch之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填launched。79.Lucy________(willing)offeredalotofpracticalsuggestionsontheconference,onlytofindthemcompletelyignoredbytheboard.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】willingly【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：露西在会议上主动提出了许多实用的建议，结果却被董事会完全忽视了。空处修饰动词offered，需用副词作状语，willing的副词形式是willingly。故填willingly。80.Releasingnuclear-pollutedwaterintothePacificOceanisfiercelyopposedbyanumberofcountriesbecauseitsterrifyingdamageis________anyone’simagination.(用适当的词填空)【答案】beyond【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意：向太平洋排放受核污染的水遭到许多国家的强烈反对，因为其可怕的破坏超出了任何人的想象。由“itsterrifyingdamage”可知，句子表示“其可怕的破坏超出了任何人的想象”，空格处意为“超越，超出”，是介词beyond。故填beyond。第四部分写作(满分25分)81.假如你是学生会主席李华，你校即将举办英语歌曲比赛，请为校宣传栏“英语角”写一则通知，邀请大家观看。内容包括：1.比赛主题：VoiceYourYouth；2.观看时间和地点；3.观看要求。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Notice _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________StudentUnion【答案】NoticeAimedtoenrichstudents’campuslifeandcultivatetheirinterestinEnglish,anEnglishsingingcompetitioncalledVoiceYourYouthwillbelaunchedbyourschool.Scheduledtobeheldintheschoolhallat2:30p.mnextMonday,thecompetitionwilllastapproximately3hours.Withvariouswell-preparedperformances,thisactivityisboundtobeahit.Soit’srecommendedthatyousoakyourbodyandsoulinthecharmofthecompetitionforitsperformancesarenothingbutafeastfortheears.Moreover,ourcompetitionfocusesonEnglishsongs,whichcanofferyouadeepandprofoundinsightintoEnglishculture.Whatshouldbekeptinmindisthatallparticipantsneedtobehaveinapoliteandorderlymanner.Furthermore,yourpunctualityandwholeheartedinvolvementareundoubtedlyanticipated.StudentUnion【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校即将举办英语歌曲比赛，要求学生会主席李华为校宣传栏“英语角”写一则通知，邀请大家观看。【详解】1.词汇积累安排：arrange→schedule此外：besides→moreover建议：suggest→recommend比赛：game→competition2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Aimedtoenrichstudents’campuslifeandcultivatetheirinterestinEnglish,anEnglishsingingcompetitioncalledVoiceYourYouthwillbelaunchedbyourschool.拓展句：AnEnglishsingingcompetitioncalledVoiceYourYouthwillbelaunchedbyourschool,whichisaimedtoenrichstudents’campuslifeandcultivatetheirinterestinEnglish.【点睛】【高分句型1】Moreover,ourcompetitionfocusesonEnglishsongs,whichcanofferyouadeepand profoundinsightintoEnglishculture.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】Whatshouldbekeptinmindisthatallparticipantsneedtobehaveinapoliteandorderlymanner.（运用了what引导的主语从句以及that引导的表语从句）