内蒙古巴彦淖尔市第一中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期末英语试题（Word版附解析）

2022-2023学年第一学期高一年级英语期末考试第一部分：阅读理解(两小节，共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWisconsinHistoricalMuseum30N.CarrollStreetonMadison’sCapitolSquareDiscoverWisconsin’shistoryandcultureonfourfloorsofexhibits.Openforpublicprogram.Admissionisfree.OpenTuesdaythroughSaturday,9:00am--4:00pm.Swisshistoricalvillage612SeventhAve.,NewGlarusTheSwissHistoricalVillageoffersadelightfullookatpioneerlifeinAmerica’sheartland.14buildingsinthevillagegiveafullpictureofeverydaylifeinthenineteenth-centuryMidwest.Tue.—Fri.,May1st–October31st,10:00am—4:00pm.Admissionis$20.ArtisanGallery&CreameryCafé6858PaoliRd.,Paoli,WIOneofthelargestcollectionsoffineartsandcrafts(手工艺品)inWisconsin.Over5000sq.ft.ofexhibitionspaceinahistoriccreamery.WhilevisitingenjoyawonderfullypreparedlunchatourcaféoverlookingtheSugarRiver.JustminutesfromMadison!GalleryopenTue.–Sun.,10:00am—5:00pm.CaféopenWed.–Sat.,11:00am–3:00pm.Sun.brunchwithwine,10:00—3:00pm.ChristopherColumbusMuseum239WhitneySt.,ColumbusWorld-classexhibit–2000qualitysouvenirs(纪念品)markingChicago’s1893WorldColumbianExhibition.Tourbusesarealwayswelcome.Opendaily,8:15am–4:00pm.1.WhichofthefollowingisonCapitolSquare?A.ArtisanGallery&CreameryCafé.B.SwissHistoricalVillage.C.WisconsinHistoricalMuseum.D.ChristopherColumbusMuseum.2.WherecanyougoforavisitonMonday? AChristopherColumbusMuseum.B.SwissHistoricalVillage.CArtisanGallery&Creamerycafé.D.WisconsinHistoricalMuseum.3.Wecanlearnfromthetextthat________.A.ticketsareneededforWisconsinHistoricalMuseumB.ChristopherColumbusMuseumoverlooksariverC.SwissHistoricalVillageisopenforhalfayearD.ArtisanGallery&CreameryCaféareopendailyfor4hours【答案】1.C2.A3.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了美国威斯康辛州的四个景点，景点的地址，开放时间和特点。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据WisconsinHistoricalMuseum中“30N.CarrollStreetonMadison’sCapitolSquare(麦迪逊国会广场北卡罗街30号)”可知，WisconsinHistoricalMuseum在Capitol广场。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据ChristopherColumbusMuseum中“Opendaily,8:15am–4:00pm.(每天开放，上午8:15–下午4:00。)”可知，因为ChristopherColumbus博物馆每天都对外开放，所以周一你可以去参观ChristopherColumbus博物馆。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据SwissHistoricalVillage部分“Tue.—Fri.,May1st—October31st,10:00am—4:00pm.Admissionis$20(5月1日至10月31日，星期二至五，上午10:00-下午4:00。入场费为二十元。)”可知，SwissHistoricalVillage从5月1日从10月31日期间接待游客，也就是大约半年的时间。故选C。BAreyousometimesalittletiredandsleepyintheearlyafternoon?Manypeoplefeelthiswayafterlunch.Theymaythinkthateatinglunchisthecauseofthesleepiness.Or,insummer,theymaythinkitistheheat(热).However,therealreasonliesinsidetheirbodies.Atthattime—abouteighthoursafteryouwakeup-yourbodytemperaturegoesdown.Thisiswhatmakesyouslowdownandfeelsleepy.Scientistshavetestedsleephabitsinexperimentswheretherewasnonightorday.Thepeopleintheseexperimentsalmostalwaysfollowedasimilarsleepingpattern(模式).Theysleptforonelongperiodandthenforoneshortperiodabouteighthourslater.Inmanypartsoftheworld,peopletakenaps(小睡)inthemiddleoftheday.Thisisespeciallytrueinwarmer climates(气候),wheretheheatmakesworkdifficultintheearlyafternoon.Researchersarenowsayingthatnapsaregoodforeveryoneinanyclimate.Adailynapgivesoneamorerestedbodyandmindandthereforeisgoodforhealthingeneral.Incountrieswherenapsaretraditional(传统的),peopleoftensufferlessfromproblemsuchasheartdisease.Manyworkingpeopleunfortunately,havenotimetotakenaps.Thoughdoctorsmayadvisetakingnaps,employersdonotallowit!Ifyoudohavethechance,however,hereareafewtipsaboutmakingthemostofyournap.Rememberthatthebesttimetotakeanapisabouteighthoursafteryougetup.Ashortsleeptoolateinthedaymayonlymakeyoufeelmoretiredandsleepyafterward.Thiscanalsohappenifyousleepfortoolong.Ifyoudonothaveenoughtime,tryashortnap-eventenminutesofsleepcanbehelpful.4.Whydopeoplefeelsleepyintheearlyafternoonaccordingtothetext?A.Theyeattoomuchforlunch.B.Theysleeptoolittleatnight.C.Theirbodytemperaturebecomeslower.D.Theweatherbecomesalotwarmer.5.Ifyougetupat6:30am,whatisthebesttimeforyoutotakeanap?A.About12:30pm.B.About1:30pm.C.About2:30pm.D.About3:30pm.6.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.JustforaRestB.AllforaNapC.ASpecialSleepPattern.D.TakingNapsinWarmerClimate.【答案】4.C5.C6.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了人们午后疲惫的原因是体温下降了，人们累了或者是在夏天的午后都会小憩一会儿，休息好对于人们的身体是有好处的，可以提高工作和学习的效率。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Atthattime–abouteighthoursafteryouwakeup–yourbodytemperaturegoesdown.Thisiswhatmakesyouslowdownandfeelsleepy.(在那个时候，大约在你醒来八小时后，你的体温会下降。这就是让你慢下来并感到困倦的原因)”可知让人们困倦的原因是体温的下降。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Rememberthatthebesttimetotakeanapisabouteighthoursafteryougetup.(记住，最好的午睡时间是在你起床后的八小时左右)”可知起床八小时以后是最适合小睡的时间。题干中提到早晨6:30起来，8小时以后就是下午2：30。故选C项。 6题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文结合文章最后一段“Ifyoudonothaveenoughtime,tryashortnap–eventenminutesofsleepcanbehelpful.（如果你没有足够的时间，试着打个小盹——即使是10分钟的睡眠也会有帮助）”可知，全文主要介绍人们在午后容易打瞌睡的原因，并建议大家在中午时段适当的休息一下，有益于身体健康和有效工作，所以B项“一切关乎午睡”符合文章主旨，适合作为本文的标题，故选B项。CDSeeingavolcanoerupt(喷发)isawonderfulexperience,andyoucanreallyfeelthebeatbyclimbingtothesummit(山顶)ofPacayaforaclose-upview.ThereareguidedtourseverydayupthishighlyactivevolcanofromAntigua.GivingtravelersachancetoseeMotherNatureathermostpowerful.PacayaisaneasydrivefromAntigua,abeautifulcitywithmanycolorfulhousesalongitsoldstreetsthatareturnedintoart-worksduringitsHolyWeekfestival.NomatterwhenyoucometoAntigua,youwon’tmissthePacaya-tourcompanies.ButclimbingPacayaisnoeasyjob:itis2560metreshigh,andreachingthesummittakestwotothreehoursofseeminglyone-step-forwardandtwo-step-backmovements.Asyouclimb,youhearthedullsoundsoferuptionshighabove.Steaming,hotremainsfromrecenteruptionsbegintolinethepathasyouneartheactivesummit;theMcKenneyCone(火山锥).Justasthoughyouweregoingtowalkovertotheedgeofthecone,theroadturnstotheleftanduptotherelativesafetyoftheold,inactivesummit.Manytoursaretimedsothatyouarriveattheconeofthevolcanoisplentyoftimeforsunsetandthefullcontrastbetweentheeruptingredlava(熔岩)andthedarkeningsky.Onagooddaytheviewfromthesummitisextremelyexciting.Theactivemouthboils,sendingredlavaoveritssides,andonceinawhileshootshotstreamsupto100metresintotheair.Thereisastrongbadsmellintheairevenifyoutakecaretobeupwindofthecone.Aseveningturnsdeeperintothenight.theburninglavaquietlyfallsdowntaesideofthevolcano.Foryou,too,itistimetogetdown.7.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.ToattracttouriststoPacaya.B.TodescribethebeautyofPacaya.C.TointroduceguidedtourstoPacaya.D.ToexplainthepowerofnatureatPacaya.8.Antiguaisacity.A.wherepeoplecanenjoyculturalfestivalsB.wherethedaringPacayatourstarts C.thatgivesaclose-upviewofParayaD.thatisfamousforitstourcompanies9.ClimbingtotheMcKenneyCone,peoplewill.A.walkdirectlytotheactivesummitB.hearthecontinuousloudnoisefromaboveC.makegreatereffortsthantoothersummitsD.seeapathlinedwithremainsofearliereruptions10.Manytoursaretimedforpeopleto.A.getdownthemountainintimewhennightfallsBavoidthesmellfromtheupwinddirectionoftheconeC.enjoythefantasticeruptionagainstthedarkeningskyD.appreciatethesceneryofthe2560-metre-highmountain【答案】7.A8.B9.D10.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了帕卡亚火山喷发的壮观现象。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Seeingavolcanoerupt(喷发)isawonderfulexperience,andyoucanreallyfeelthebeatbyclimbingtothesummit(山顶)ofPacayaforaclose-upview.(观看火山喷发是一种美妙的体验，登上帕卡亚山顶近距离观看，你真的能感受到这种节奏)”以及全文内容可知，本文目的是吸引游客。故选A。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“ThereareguidedtourseverydayupthishighlyactivevolcanofromAntigua.(每天都有导游从安提瓜来到这座高度活跃的火山)”以及第二段“NomatterwhenyoucometoAntigua,youwon’tmissthePacaya-tourcompanies.(无论何时来到安提瓜，你都不会错过帕卡亚旅游公司)”可知，大胆的帕卡亚之旅从安提瓜开始的。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Steaming,hotremainsfromrecenteruptionsbegintolinethepathasyouneartheactivesummit;theMcKenneyCone(火山锥).(当你靠近活跃的山顶时，最近喷发的热气腾腾的残骸开始沿着路径排列；麦肯尼火山锥)”可知，人们将看到一条道路两旁排列着早期喷发的遗迹。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Manytoursaretimedsothatyouarriveattheconeofthevolcanoinplentyoftimeforsunsetandthefullcontrastbetweentheeruptingredlavaandthedarkeningsky.(许多旅行都有时间安排，这样你就可以在充足的时间内到达火山锥，欣赏日落，欣赏喷发的红色熔岩与昏暗的天空之间的完全 对比)”可知，许多旅游都是为了让人们欣赏在黑暗的天空下奇妙的火山爆发。故选C。第二节：七选五根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Chinaisoneofthecountrieswiththemostseriousnaturaldisastersintheworld.Therearemanykindsofdisasters,withwidedistribution,highfrequencyandheavylosses.Inthebackgroundofglobalclimatechange,majornaturaldisastersoccurfromtimetotime.____11____ItmakesChinafaceevenmuchsevereandcomplexsituation.Inordertorasetheawarenessofdisasterpreventionandminimizethelosses,warningsandinstructionsaregivetothepublic.____12____Let’shavealook.FireWhenafirebreaksout,smokethreatensmostly.____13____Rollonthegroundifyoufindyourclothesonfire.Itistoodangeroustotaketheelevatorinthissituation,soitisbettertouseabundleofropeandsafelyslidedownfromthebalcony.Jumpingoffthebuildingblindlywillcauseseriousinjuries.Mud-rockflowRainstormmaycausemud-rockflow,anit’sreallydangeroustostaydownstream.Whenyoutrytoescapefromit,insteadofgoingalongthebottomoftheditch,itismuchwisertoclimbupthemountainhorizontallyquickly.Pleaseescapefromditchwhenselectingcampingfield.It’simportanttochecktheweatherwhengoingintothemountainFlood____14____Wecoulduseawoodenbedortabletomakearaftandtieittoabigtreewithasafety.rope.Wehavetopreparefoodandwarmclothestogetthroughit.LightningstrikeOncloudyandrainydays,alightningstrikemayhappen.____15____Ofcourse,youalsoshouldstayawayfromirontowerpoles.Weneedtopayattentiontoitevenwhenwestayathome.Closethedoors,windowsandcutoffthepower.A.Cutoffthepowerandshutoffwatersources.B.Pleasedon’tstandunderthetreeinsuchkindofweather.C.Trytofindahigherplace,butstayingonaroofisn’tagoodchoice.D.Firstyouneedtotakeshelter,thenfindagapunderthetableorbed.E.LossescausedbynaturaldisasterinChinaarecontinuouslyincreasing.F.Theyalsoplayapartinpopularizingtheknowledgeandself-rescueskills.G.Inthatcase,pleasecoveryournoseandyourmouthwithawettowel. 【答案】11.E12.F13.G14.C15.B【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种重大自然灾害下的防灾自救知识。【11题详解】前文“Inthebackgroundofglobalclimatechange,majornaturaldisastersoccurfromtimetotime.(在全球气候变化的背景下，重大自然灾害时有发生)”以及后文“ItmakesChinafaceevenmuchsevereandcomplexsituation.(这使中国面临更加严峻和复杂的形势)”故E项“中国自然灾害造成的损失不断增加。”承接上文有许多自然灾害，损失不断增加引出下文面临更严峻和复杂的形式。故选E项。【12题详解】前文“Inordertorasetheawarenessofdisasterpreventionandminimizethelosses,warningsandinstructionsaregivetothepublic.(为了提高防灾意识，最大限度地减少损失，政府向公众发出警告和指示)”故F项“他们还在普及知识和自救技能方面发挥了作用。”与前文为并列关系。故选F项。【13题详解】前文“Whenafirebreaksout,smokethreatensmostly.(当火灾发生时，烟雾威胁最大)”故G项“那样的话，请用湿毛巾捂住鼻子和嘴巴。”是火灾发生时避免烟雾威胁的措施。故选G项。【14题详解】结合小标题“Flood(洪水)”可知，本段主要讲述洪水来临时的办法。故C项“试着找一个更高的地方，但是呆在屋顶上不是一个好的选择。”符合此处洪水来临时的语境。故选C项。【15题详解】前文“Oncloudyandrainydays,alightningstrikemayhappen.(在阴天和雨天，可能会发生雷击)”故B项“在这样的天气里，请不要站在树下。”符合此处语境，下雨天站在树下十分危险。故选B项。第二部分语言知识应用第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)OnAugust26,1999,NewYorkCitywasstruckbyaterriblerainstorm.Theraincausedthestreetsto___16___andthesubwaysystemalmostcametoastop.Unfortunately,thishappenedduringthemorningrushhour.Manypeoplewhoweregoingtoworkwere___17___togohome.Somebattledto___18___ataxiortogetonabus.Stillothersfacedthe___19___bravely,walkingmilestogettowork.I___20___tobeoneofpeopleonthewaytoworkthatmorning.Iwentfromsubwaylinetosubwaylineonlytofindthatmost___21___hadstopped.Aftermakingmyway___22___crowdsofpeople,Ifinallyfoundasubwaylinethatwas___23___.Unfortunately,thereweresomanypeoplewaitingto___24___thesubwaythatI couldnotevengetdownthestairstothe___25___.SoItookthetraingoingintheoppositedirection,andthenswitchedbacktothedowntowntrain.Finally,afterwhatseemedlikeforever,thetrain___26___mystop.ThenIhadtowalkseveralblocksintheincreasinglyheavyrain.WhenIfinallygottomyoffice,Iwas___27___through,exhaustedand___28___.Myco-workersandIspentmostofthedaydryingoff.Whenitwas5:00pm,Iwasreadytogohome,Iwasabouttoturnoffmycomputer___29___IreceivedanemailfromGarth,myDirector:Iwouldliketothankallofyouwhomadetheeffortand___30___reportedtowork.Itisalwaysreassuring(令人欣慰),attimeslikethese,whenemployeessoclearlyshowtheir___31___totheirjobs.Thankyou.Garth’semailwasshort,butIlearnedmorefromthat___32___messagethanIeverdidfromatextbook,Theemailtaughtmethatafewwordsof___33___canmakeabigdifference.Therainstormandthetraffic___34___hadmademetiredandupset.ButGarth’swordsimmediately___35___meandputasmilebackonmyface.16.A.breakB.floodC.sinkD.crash17.A.forcedB.refusedC.adjustedD.gathered18.A.orderB.payC.callD.search19.A.climateB.sceneryC.stormD.burden20.A.usedB.promisedC.deservedD.happened21.A.practiceB.routineC.processD.service22.A.toB.throughC.overD.for23.A.operatingB.cyclingC.turningD.rushing24.A.checkB.carryC.findD.board25.A.streetB.groundC.floorD.platform26.A.pausedB.crossedC.reachedD.parked27.A.wetB.weakC.sickD.hurt28.A.ashamedB.discouragedC.surprisedD.puzzled29.A.whileB.whenC.whereD.after30.A.hardlyB.causallyC.absolutelyD.eventually31.A.devotionB.donationC.connectionD.reaction32.A.accurateB.urgentC.briefD.humorous33.A.promiseB.appreciationC.adviceD.guidance34.A.troublesB.signalsC.rulesD.signs35.A.correctedB.supportedC.amazedD.refreshed 【答案】16.B17.A18.C19.C20.D21.D22.B23.A24.D25.D26.C27.A28.B29.B30.D31.A32.C33.B34.A35.D【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。1999年8月26日那天因为纽约雨下得大，交通几乎完全停滞，上班不便，而作者费了很大的劲，终于成功地赶到了单位，但因为浑身湿透了什么事情也干不成。下班时收到了上司的电子邮件，上司夸奖了自己，顿时路上的辛苦疲劳全部消失，备感欣慰。【16题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：大雨导致洪水，地铁几乎要停止。A.break打碎；B.flood泛滥、淹没；C.sink下沉；D.crash冲撞；根据NewYorkCitywasstruckbyaterriblerainstorm.可知，暴雨致使道路被淹没，故选B。【17题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：许多想上班的人被迫回家。A.forced强迫；B.refused拒绝；C.adjusted适应；D.gathered聚集；beforcedtodo被迫做某事，暴雨淹没道路，上班族被迫回家。故选A项。【18题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：许多人找电话叫出租车或乘公交车。A.order命令；B.pay支付；C.call打电话，叫；D.search寻找；根据duringthemorningrushhour.得知，着急雨天上班在人们是叫出租车callataxi，故选C。【19题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：有些人勇敢地面对暴雨，步行去上班。A.weather天气；B.scenery景色；C.storm风暴；D.burden负担；根据therain和walkingmilestogettowork.可知，勇敢冒雨上班，故选C。【20题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我碰巧成为其中的一员。A.used使用；B.promised承诺；C.deserved值得；D.happened发生；happentobe碰巧成为。我也在上班在路上，故选D。【21题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我从一条地铁到另外一条地铁，结果发现服务停止。A.practice练习；B.demand要求；C.process进程；D.service服务；根据第一段提到thesubwaysystemalmostcametoastop可知，地铁服务因为暴雨停止服务，故选D。【22题详解】考查介词辨析。句意：当我努力穿过人群，最后发现有一条地铁还在运行。A.to到；B.through通过；C.over超过；D.for对于；根据crowdsofpeople,可知，暴雨使很多人难以出行，我挤过人群，故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：当我努力穿过人群，最后发现有一条地铁还在运行。A.operating运行；B.cycling 骑自行车；C.turning转向；D.rushing冲；根据Ifinallyfoundasubwaylinethatwas可知，总算发现有一趟地铁在运行。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：不幸地是，有许多人等待上地铁以致于我都不能到达台阶那。A.check检查；B.carry携带；C.find发现；D.board上船；根据Unfortunately,可知，不幸的是很多人都等着乘坐地铁，选D项。【25题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：不幸地是，有许多人等待上地铁以致于我都不能到达台阶那。A.street街道；B.ground地面；C.floor地面；D.platform平台；句意：不幸地是，有许多人等待上地铁以致于我都不能到达台阶那，根据人多可知挤不进去，故选D项。26题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：最后，过了好久，地铁到站。A.paused暂停；B.crossed穿过；C.reached到达；D.parked停车；根据ThenIhadtowalkseveralblocksintheincreasinglyheavyrain.我不得不走到雨中，故可知到站了，故选C项。【27题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：当我到达办公室时，浑身湿透了，筋疲力尽，很是沮丧。A.wet湿的；B.weak虚弱的；C.sick生病的；D.hurt受伤的；bewetthrough浑身湿透，故选A。【28题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：当我到达办公室时，浑身湿透了，筋疲力尽，很是沮丧。A.ashamed羞愧；B.discouraged沮丧；C.surprised吃惊；D.puzzled困惑；根据exhaustedand可知，又累又沮丧，故选B项。【29题详解】考查连词辨析。句意：我打算关掉我的电脑这时我收到一封信。A.while虽然月B.when当….时候；C.where哪；D.after之后；beabouttodowhen正打算做某事这时。故选B。【30题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：我想谢谢你努力来报道进行工作。A.hardly几乎不；B.casually偶然地；C.absolutely绝对地；D.finally最后；句意：根据在这样一个下雨天能来上班是非常不容易的，故选D。【31题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：在这样的情况下，来上班是令人欣慰的，员工向他们的工作表示如此的热情。A.devotion贡献，热情；B.reaction反应；C.investigation调查；D.relation关系；根据thankallofyouwhomadetheeffort可知，冒雨赶到工作岗位显示对工作在热情，故选A。【32题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：Garth的邮件是非常短的，但我从这个简洁的信息中得到课本上所学不到的东西。 A.accurate准确的；B.vital重要的；C.brief简洁的；D.humorous幽默的；根据short可知，邮件很简短，故选C。【33题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：这封信教会我感激的语言会有很大的影响。A.promise承诺；B.appreciation欣赏感激；C.advice建议；D.guidance指导。根据Iwouldliketothankallofyouwhomadetheeffort可知，Garth的邮件表达了感激，故选B。【34题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：大雨和交通麻烦会让我很厌烦和不安，但Garth的话使我恢复生机，脸上洋溢着微笑。A.troubles麻烦；B.signals信号；C.rules规则；D.signs手势；根据Therainstormandthetraffic可知，暴雨和交通拥堵给上班族带来了麻烦。故选A。【35题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：大雨和交通麻烦会让我很厌烦和不安，但Garth的话使我恢复生机，脸上洋溢着微笑。A.corrected改正；B.supported支持；C.amazed吃惊；D.refreshed使恢复。根据putasmilebackonmyface.可知，Garth的邮件的鼓励使作者深受鼓舞，疲惫消除。故选D。第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。OnSeptember19,2017,adeadlyearthquake____36____(hit)Mexico,killingmorethan300peopleand____37____(destroy)manybuildingsinMexicoCity.Inthedaysthatfollowed,rescueteamswentouttosearch____38____peopletrappedbytheearthquake.Amongthehumansdiggingthroughtheruinswasafour-leggedhelper____39____(name)Frida.Frida,____40____snifferdog(嗅探犬),servesintheMexicanNavy(海军).Sheisavaluablememberofherrescueteam,oftengettingintospaces____41____humanscan’treach.AccordingtotheNavy,shehasa“sixthsense”forfindinghumans,andthat’sunlikeanyotherdogthey’veevertrainedbefore.____42____isherjobtosmelloutpeopletrappedbynaturaldisasters.Fridahasfound52peopleafterearthquakesandotherdisastersinMexicoand12ofthemwerefoundaliveand____43____(successful)rescued.SincetheMexicanNavy____44____(share)apictureoftherescuedogontheInternet,Fridahasbeenconsideredahero.Liketherestofrescue____45____(worker),sheisaherotothevictims(受害者)andtheirlovedones.【答案】36.hit37.destroying 38.for39.named40.a41.that##which42.It43.successfully44.shared45.workers【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一只叫做Frida的搜救犬，在地震等灾难过后，协助救援人员进行及时有效的搜救的故事。【36题详解】考查一般过去时词。句意：2017年9月19日，墨西哥发生大地震，造成300多人死亡，墨西哥城许多建筑物被毁。根据句中时间状语“OnSeptember19,2017（2017年9月19）”可知，此句时态为一般过去时，因此谓语动词需使用一般过去时。故填hit。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：2017年9月19日，墨西哥发生大地震，造成300多人死亡，墨西哥城许多建筑物被毁。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用非谓语动词作状语，并且与killing通过and构成并列关系，主语earthquake与destroy是主动关系，因此需要使用现在分词形式，故填destroying。【38题详解】考查介词搭配。句意：在接下来的日子里，救援队外出搜寻被地震困住的人。searchfor...“寻找，搜救……”是固定短语。故填for。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在废墟中挖掘的人中有一个名叫Frida的四条腿的帮手。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用非谓语动词作定语修饰名词helper，helper与name是被动关系，因此需要使用过去分词形式，故填named。【40题详解】考查不定冠词。句意：Frida是一只嗅探犬，在墨西哥海军服役。dog是可数名词，此处表示泛指，即“一只嗅探犬”，且sniffer的发音是辅音音素开头，故填a。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：她是救援队的重要成员，经常进入人类无法到达的空间。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用关系代词引导定语从句，修饰名词spaces，关系代词在从句中作reach的宾语，因此可使用that/which。故填that/which。【42题详解】考查代词。句意：她的工作是嗅出被自然灾害困住的人。根据所给句子分析可知，句中“tosmellout peopletrappedbynaturaldisasters.”（嗅出被自然灾害困住的人）是句子真正的主语，所以此处需要使用it作为形式主语。故填it。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：Frida在墨西哥地震和其他灾难后发现了52人，其中12人还活着，并成功获救。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用副词修饰rescued。故填successfully。【44题详解】考查一般过去时。句意：自从墨西哥海军在互联网上分享了这只搜救犬的照片后，Frida就被视为英雄。根据句中时间状语连词since及主语谓语hasbeenconsidered可知，此处谓语为一般过去时，表示自从过去的某一时间起，故填shared。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：像其他救援人员一样，她是受害者和他们的亲人的英雄。根据所给句子分析可知，此处therestof（剩余的）作定语修饰worker，表示复数，因此需使用名词复数形式，故填workers。第三节单句填空(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分)在空白处填入1个适当的内容，或根据首字母补全单词，或用所给单词的正确形式填空。46.Takeapositiveattitude______everythingandstopcomplaining.(用适当的词填空)【答案】to##towards【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意：用积极的态度对待一切，不要抱怨。根据句意及短语提示可知，takeapositiveattitudeto/towards表示“对...采取积极态度”，此处使用介词to或towards。故填to或towards。47.ThenumberofstudentslearningEnglish______(be)largerthaneverbefore.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】is【解析】【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：学习英语的学生人数比以往任何时候都多。thenumberof+复数名词“……数量”，谓语动词用单数，根据“thaneverbefore”可知，用一般现在时，故填is。48.Theroomfilledwithsmoke,anditwasbecomingdifficultto________(breath).（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】breathe【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：房间里烟雾弥漫，呼吸变得越来越困难。分析句子可知用it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语，空格处在动词不定式符号to后用动词原形即可。故填breathe。49.Thosewhoareofgreat______(determine)arelikelytomakegreatachievements.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】determination【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：那些有伟大决心的人有可能取得伟大的成就。beof+形容词+抽象名词，作表语表示主语的性质或特征。故填determination。50.ThearmysentsoldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythe______(death).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】deaths【解析】【详解】考查名词复数。句意：军队派士兵到唐山去挖出被困的人并埋葬死者。结合常识可知，死者不止一个人，名词用复数，故填deaths。51.MissHarperclosedhereyesandp______tobeasleep.(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】pretended##retended【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：Harper小姐闭上眼睛，假装睡着了。“假装”是pretend，pretend在句中和“closed”并列作谓语，需用过去式。故填pretended。52.Thereisnowfierce___________(compete)betweenschoolstoattractstudents.（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】competition【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：现在学校之间为了吸引学生而展开了激烈的竞争。形容词fierce后接名词形式。根据句意可知，此处使用名词competition“竞争”，不可数名词。故填competition。53.Theyoungcouple______livenexttousvolunteeredtohelpafterthevolcanoerupted.(用适当的词填空)【答案】who##that【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：火山爆发后，住在我们隔壁的那对年轻夫妇自愿帮忙。Theyoungcouple是先行词，在定语从句中作主语，指人，用who或that引导限定性定语从句，故填who或that。54.Imadeaspeechonthepersonsandthings______Ihadseenabroad.(用适当的词填空)【答案】that【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我就我在国外所见到的人和事发表了讲话。先行词是personsandthings，在定语从句中作宾语，指代人和物，用that引导定语从句。故填that。 55.Thegirl______legwasbrokenintheearthquakewastakentohospitalsoon.(用适当的词填空)【答案】whose【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那个在地震中腿断了的女孩很快被送往医院。设空处引导的是定语从句修饰先行词girl，在定语从句中作定语，表示的是所属关系，意为“女孩的”。故应该使用引导词whose。故填whose。